Newspapers / The Enterprise (Williamston, N.C.) / Jan. 4, 1918, edition 1 / Page 2
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CONGESTION TO BE RELIEVED IN EAST >jf \ DIRECTOR GENERAL McAOOO OR DERS CONGESTION IN EAST REMOVED. MUSI NOT BE HAMPERED Food and Coal Muit Movi Regardleaa «of Priority Regulations, Paeaenger Schedule* or Any Other Hampering Practices. Washington—Orders wont to east ern railroads from Director Oeneral McAdoo to clear up freight conges tion- regardless of previous govern ment priority regulations, passenger schedules and any hampering prac tlces under the old competitive sys tem and to pay special attention to movement of coal and food Lines of the west and south wiye called on for locomotives and other equipment to h«-lp lighten the truffle burden In the oust, and a committee of government officials wan created to work out a plan for diverting export freights to ports south of New York Quantities of COAI were started to New Kpgland to relieve the serious shortage there, and priority orders were suspended for roads east of the Mississippi and north of the Ohio rivers to the extent necessary to clear up congestion At the same time the director gen eral dissolved the railroad war board at Its own request and named a tern porary advisory cabinet of five mem hers One of these, (lale llolden, president of the Hurllngton and * member of the war board, will be re tained to supervise the machinery whlclrthe war board has createdwith in thi- last nine months to coordinate the roads of the country. Members of Cabinet. Other members of the new advisory abinet are John Skelton Williams, comptroller of the currency, who will have charge of financial questions arising out of government .operation; Henry Walters, chairman of the board of the Atlantic Coast Line, who will assist on operation problems; Edward Chambers, traffic, director of the food administration, who will have gen eral charge of traffic, and Walker 1) lllnes .assistant to the director general Other railway heads who made up the war board. Fairfax Harrison of the Southern, who was chairman; Ilea of the Pennsylvania; Kruttaehnltt, of the Southern Pacific, and KUlott, of New Haven, will return to the active supervision of their roads, but all the subcommittees and organizations of the hoard will be turned over to Mr Holden The question of Increased pay for railroad employes will be taken up soon by Mr McAdoo, but he said he bad given little thought to wages and did not know what his attitude would b\ Heads of the four brother ' hoods will confer with the director general Thursday at hi* Invltaflon, and probably will urge that with the scarcity of railroad labor It will be necessary to pay higher wanes to re tain men Many advisers of the di rector general advocate Increasing wanes, particularly for many unorgan ised classes Wage Disputes +■ The fedenal board of mediation and conciliation will continue to pass on wage disputes now pending, but eventually the director probably will handle wage questions directly. The • government'* attitude toward wage changes will not be determined fur several weeks at leant, or until the problems of speeding lU* transportation are threshed out Mr McAdoo limited his conini>wtß on the labor situation to saying that he would "treat the men with justice and equity'' and would give "a Just and square hearing"' to the brotherhood heads. BAKER OUTLINES WHAT NEW YEAR FINDS AT FRONT Washington.)— What the beginning r i of the new year finds at the battle fronts 1r outlined by Secretary Haker In his review of military operations. In the west, he says. the British dom inate the Flanders plain with a great wedge Into the principal German line of defense at Oambrai, while the French, with their own lines unbroken hold the key to the Laon area through Ihe capture of Chemin Dos Dames. Italy, supported by the allies, Is holding firm, while the enemy is busy preparing for a renewed offensive. Of Russia, the review merely says the Gvrmans are endeavoring to persuade that country that they are teaser to assist in restoring normal conditions, and that the German embassy build ing at Petrograd is being made ready for occupancy. While the operation bf American troops at the front has been confined to narrow limits, the secretary says their presence has heartened the allies and Increased faith in final victory. • • J Head of the Chinese J I Mission to America ; • • I,lent. (Jen. Tlng-Tsu Chltint;. bend of the Chinese mission to the United States, Is director of the CUtiese urdiialire department. He is studying United Ktutvs fortification*. THE CONDITIONS INSUPERABLE V TERMS FOR AN IMMEDIATE AND GENERAL PEACE MADE KNOWN BY CZERNIN. From Entente Standpoint—No Annex ations and No Indemnities Accept able Dut Russia's Allies Must Guar antee to Fulfill Terms. Terms under which the Teutonic allies will be willing to make "an im mediate and general.peace" have been made known to the Itusslan delegates engaged In the peace pourpnrleys at Hresl Utovsk The terms have been sol forth In an address by Count Czer nln, the Austro Hungarian foreign minister. * As In previous Teutonic allied Inti mations of what will be required from the 'Germanic viewpoint to bring about a cessation of hostilities and eventual peace, the latest terms arti hedged about by conditions which seemingly are Insuperable from the standpoint of the United Statss and the entente allies. The basic principles of the pcacjl terms of the Russian revolutionary I masses- no annexations and no in-, dnmnltles—Count Cxernin said he be- | lleved could he made the a general peace, but that the Teutonic allies could not bind themselves to these conditions unless a guarantee were glveQ that Russia's allies would recognize and fulfill them. Notable omissions in the statement of Count Cternln connected with ths oomrete demands of the United States, Great Britain and Prance, a* already made known, are the ques tions particularly of the rebuilding of Belgium and Serbia, the return of Alsace and Lorraine to France and the overthrow of the militarist gov ernment in Germany and the forma tion In Its place of* a government that can he believed —the latter demand as set forth by President Wilson in his address to Congress calling for war with Austria Hungary. Pending the placing of Count Czer nln's proposals before Russia's allies, the Russian delegates to the peace conference hhve asked for a 10 days' recesß in the negotiations at Brest- I.itovsk MIBPLACING OF CARS CAUSE COAL SHORTAGE Washington. President Wilson's decision to take over the railroads will keep the senate coal Inquiry within narrower limits than originally plan ned. Members of the manufacturer's committee, investigating both coal and sugar, are disinclined to go into the transportation difficulties, now that they believe Improvement is In sight, and In the hearing touched only Railroad shares, especially those under greatest depression In the wide spread decline of recent months .re corded extreme gains of 5 to ten points in the representative group, 12 to 18 pctfnts In the loss active divi dend issues and 3 to 13 points in nu merous non-dividend stocks. The bond market for rails kept pace with the movement on stocks, various underlying or Junior issues advancing 3 to 8 1-2 points. Industrials and the many related casually upon the lack of railroad fa cilities blamed for coal shortage. BROTHERHOOD'S BEHIND -GOVERNMENT'S PLANS Washington.—Heads ofr 'the four railroad brotherhoods conferred with President Wilsbn, discussing In de tail the part the employes will play under government regulations. A. D. Garretson, of the conductors, said af terward that wage Increases were not mentioned. Mr. Garretson added that the brotherhoods were Behind the gov ernmn.t speration plan, and the president had known it for , two w««ks. THE ENTERPRISE, WILLIAMSTON, NORTH CAROLINA EARTHQUAKE WIPES AWAY GUATEMALA 125,000 PERSONS ARE REPORTED IN THE STREETS WITHUOT SHELTER. DEEP FISSUES ARE OPENED Many Killed by Violent Shocks That Completed Work of Destruction Begun Christmas Day. V Washington. Guatemala city, capi tal of the 111 tig Central American re public of Guatemala, has been laid in ruins by a series t»f earthquakes be glnnlngn Christmas day and culmJnat Ing in violent shocks which complet ed the work of destruction. A cable gram to the navy department said 125,0(10 " people were in the streets without shelter and that a number were killed by falling wallw. Naval .vessels in Central American wsiteix have been ordered to th" ntricken city to render all possible assistance. Following is the brief dispatch which brought (hp news of the rata* Irophe: "Had earthquake finish the work of others Kverythlng In ruins and be yond description as ,a result of th" shock. One hundred and twenty ; flve thousand people are In the streets Parts of the country are very cold and wind Tents are needed badly. Quite la number killed by falling walla." The shocks probably occurred be tween 5:57 and 7 o'clock. Violent (makes were recorded at that time by Ihe .seismographs of the fieorgetown Fnlverslty observatory anil the dis tance was estimated at 1,$»(I0 miles from Washington INHABITANTS IN PANIC HAVE FLED NoM CAPITAL Han .Salvador Guatemala City, cap ital of the republic of Guatemala, has been completely destroyed by nn earthquake Many persons were kill ed In tln- disaster, some in their homes and cithern In the streets. The Colon theater, which was filled with people, collapsed There were many casualties among the audience Various hospitals and asylums and the prisons were badly damaged an 1 many patients anil prisoners were killed. The railroad depot, sugar mills, postofflce, the American and Rrltlsh legations, Pulled States consulate and all the churches In the city have been levelled. The Inhabitants In panic have fled from the capital. More than 80,000 persons arc homeless. The stock of provlalona In the city and aid Is required promptly, The Salvadorean government has suspended the official New Year cele bration and entered Into mourning In sympathy with Guatemala UNNATURALIZED GERMANS ARE TO BE REGISTERED Washington. The week of Febru ary 4 was set aside by the departmeW of Justice for registration of the hitlT million unnaturalized Germans In con tinental United States by police and postmasters In pursuance of President Wilson's alien enemy proclamation di recting this action as a means of min imizing the danger from enemy sym pathizers In the United States Earlier plans for admlnterlng the Registration will involve the gath ering of detailed Information con cerning the business, relatives and habits of every German, together with his photograph and finger prints tor registering he musfcarry a cer tificate card and may not change hi-i place of residence without approval of 'the police or postmaster. Violation of the regulations will he punishable by Internment for the war The orders do not apply to German women, nor to any persons under 14 years of age, because these are not classed as alien enemies by law. Sub jects of Austria Hungary' are not re quired to register. PROVISIONAL AGREEMENT BY PEACE DELEGATES Brest-Litovsk via Berlin and Lon don, Dec. 30). —Provisional agreement on a series of important points, In cluding liberation of war prisoners and resumption of commercial rela tions was reported by delegates of Uuosla and the central powers In dis cussion of issues which, in the event of a general peace, would have to be settled among the nations represent ed In the negotiations. This provision al discussion was terminated. ENLISTED MEN SENT TO , "PAPf R ORDNANCE BASE Washington—lnvestigation has been ordered hy Secretary Baker of cir cumstances surrounding the misunder standing which caused enlisted men of the ordnance corps to be sent to ttari tan, N J., for mobilization at an ord nance base which apparently exists only on paper. The arrival of some two-score of the force* was reported to Mr. Baker. Officers were SQjjif to straighten out the tangle and the sol diers will be house at Camp Upton. ; Texan Is Assistant ; of Secretary McAdoO J /''Hoi t I H t */., ..'k. ■ U *S Tliomas IS. Love, formerly state commissioner of Insurance and bank- ing In Texan, has been appointed «•* Distant' secretary of the treasury. He will probably supervise the work of the war risk Insurancu bureau -and of the Internal revenue bureau. He baa been working recently as volunteer as sistant to the commissioner of Inter nal revenue. SEC. M'ADOO TAKES CHARGE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT ABBUMEB CONTROL AND OPERATION OF ALL ROADB. A« Director General He la Expected to Direct Unification and Operation of Roads Through Present Manage ment. —Retains Cabinet Place. Washington. Government poaaes slot) and operation of the nation's rail roads for the wur was proclaimed by President Wilson and became ofTect- Ive at noon Friday, December 28 Wil liam 0. McAdoo, t retaining his place in the cabinet us secretary of the treasury. Is placed In charge as direc tor general of railroads. Kvery railroad engaged In general transportation, with Its appurtenances Including steamship lines, Is taken over and all systems will be operated as one under the director general In a statement accompanying his proclamation, the president announc ed that as soon as congress reassem bles he will recommend legislation guaranteeing pre-war earnings and maintenance of railroad property In good repair The president'* move, although forecast for weeka, came at this time as a great surprise to nearly every body In Washington. Including rail road officials It had been generally believed that he would await the re assembling of congress before taking any step, lie acted through Secre tary of War naker, under authority conferred In the army appropriation •ft. Management of the roads wljl re main in the hands of railroad officials and the railroads' war board, com prised of live railroad heads, will con tinue to direct actual operation under Secretary McAdoo's genoral supervi slon The chief practical effect of govern ment operation will be to permit a complete unification of all rail sys tems. impossible under private opera tion by statutes prohibiting pooling of rail and earnings. The roads themselves had gone as far as they dared in this direction, and It became known only that they had been warned by Attorney General Gregory that a violation of anti-pool ing laws could not be permitted Interurbana Excepted. Although the proclamation applies to all electric lines engaged In gen eral transportation, local interurban systems are specifically exempted. Congress will be asked to guaran tee earnings equivalent to the aver age net operating income for the three-year period ending June 30, 1917. Railroad experts estimate that this will cost the government next year in the neighborhood of $100,000,000, which can be raised in large part by increased freights, if the Interstate commerce commission grants the roads' application for the 15 per cent rate increase now pending. Otherwise it will be paid largely out of the gen eral government funds. GENERAL BLISS WILL BE RETAINED ON ATCIVE LIST WashiHfcton. —Gen. Tasker H. Bliss j will be retained on active service as | chief of staff of the army after he ! reaches the retirement age Monday, (December sl. Secretary Baker an nounced last week that this had been ; decided upon by President Wilson. It had been believed- generally General Bliss would continue in active service, but that some younger officer would assume the burdens of tbe chief Af staff M'ADOO i INSTRUCTS NEWR.R.WAR BOARD A 8 TO TASK OF OPERATING FOR THE PRESENT TIME AT LEAST. INSTRUCTIONS ARE WIRED Traffic to bo Moved by The Moot Direct Route Now—Open Way for Traffic Pooling That Was Hereto fore Impossible. Washington.—The railroad* of the United States passed Into government possession at noon Friday as Secre tary McAdoo, designated by President Wilson as director general of rail roads, was delegating to the railroads' war board the task of operating them for the present. The war board, comprising five of the country's foremost railroad execu tives who have been in supreme charge of the roads for the last nine months, were called into conference at 11 o'clock to discuss plans for weld ing all transportation linos into a sin gle governmentsoperated system. They (left the treasury department two hours later under Instructions to con tinue their functions and submit im mediately a plan of operation to the director general. Mr McAdoo Issued his first formal order designed to speed up freight movements, telegraphing all railroad presidents and directors instructions to move traffic by the most convenient and direct routes. At the same tlm? he ordered them to continue the oper ation of their lines in conformity wltn the President's proclamation putting them under government control. There wan no Indication whether Mr McAdoo Intended eventually to displace the war board with an organ ization of his own or to continue Its organization for the duration of th« war. It was made clear, however, that It will continue the function until the director general decides that a better system can be devised. The order that freight move by the most expeditious route opens the way for a pooling of truffle Impossible heretofore by reason of statutes de signed to prevent the practice by car riers operated under private direction. It takes from the shipper the right to route his freight as he wishes, anil leaves to the railroad traffic manager the task of sending it most directly and where there is least congestion. TEUTONIC TERMS FOR PEACE NOT SUFFICIENT » Great Britain and Prance, respect ively, through their prime minister and minister of foreign affairs, have made known to the world that the terms under which the Teutonic allies seek a general peace are not sufTl clent. And backing their prime minis tet, the British proletariat, represent ed by a national labor conference, has reaffirmed, without equivocation, that It Is the determination of labor to continue the war Fortified by the known attitude of President Wilson as to the require ments of the United States If the war Is to end and a peace concluded, the utterances of Premier Lloyd Georp.i and Foreign Minister Plchon and the almost unanimous sentiment of the British workers seemingly make cer tain that the. Teutonic allies' proffer, given in reply to the Kussian bolshe- vlkl proposals, will go for naught uji less it is materially added and brought into line with the demands that the United States and the entente allies have laid down as the concrete basis for the discussion of peace. Nevertheless the bolshevikl ele ment In Russia apparently has not lost hear that something may come from the Oiernin proposal, for the Brest Litovsk peace conference at which it was made has taken a recess until January 4, anJ meanwhile Trot zky, the bolshevik! foreign minister, purposes to send a note to the entente allied embassies in an endavor to have them participate in further peace parleys, and also is drafting a note to the peoples of the world. PROHIBITION FOR TROOPS IN FRANCE BEING CONSIDERED Washington. _ prohibition of the sale of intoxicants of any description to members of the American expedi tionary force is under discussion be tween General Pershing and the French authorities. The war depart ment announced it had been so ad vised by General Pershing, who in order to clear up misunderstanding cabled the text of his order forbidding American soldiers to buy any intoxi cants other than light wines or beer. M'ADOO CALLS UPON THE MERCHArTS OF COUNTRY Washington.—Merchants who have been offering to take Liberty bonds at par or at a premium for merchandise were appealed to by Secretary McAdoo to stop the practice. "While I have no doubt that these merchants are actu ated by patriotic motives," the sec retary said. "I am sure that they have failed to consider the effect their of fers would have on the situation. We are making effort to hfcve bonds pur chased for permanent investment. IST FILE Mr ALL SUBJECT TO "INCOME TAX REQUIRED TO SUBMIT STATE MENTS BY MARCH 1. HEAVY PENALTY FOR FAILURE Returns Will B« Rigidly Checked and Aseietance Given Taxpayers by Of ficials in Every County—Tips to Farmer*. Washington.—All Rood Americans who are making a fair living are now called upon to pay. in the way of an Income tax. their share,of the cost of the war. Whether or not he is sub ject to this tax in the question every man must settle at once. In a few words this is the answer: Every un married man whose net Income Is $l - or-more and every married man or head of a family whose income is $2,- 000 or over must pay the tux. Before March 1, 1018, he must Die his return with the collector of Internal revenue In the dlstrit-t In which he lives or has Ms principal place of business. The man who think* to evade this tax is making a serious error. Revenue officials will be In every county to check returns. Failure to make a cor rect Tetiirn wlfliin the time «peel fled Involves heavy penalties. "Net Income" means "gross Income less certain dwludloiiH provider! for by the Met. The law defines income H profit, gain, wages, salary, commis sions, money or Its equivalent from professions, vocations, commerce, trade, rents. sales and dealings in prop erty, real ami personal, and interest from divestments except interest from government bonds, or state, municipal township or county bonds. Incomes from service as gunrdian, trustee or executor; from dividends, pensions, royalties, or patents, or oil and gas wells, coal land, etc., nre taxable. Normal Rate Is 2 Per Cent. The normal rate of tux is 2 per cent on net Incomes above the amount of exemptions, which is $2,000 In the case of a married person or head of a fam ily and SI,(NN) In the case of a single person. A married person or head of a family Is allowed an additional ex emption of S2OO for each dependant child If under eighteen years of age or I.vapahlc of self-support because defective. The taxpayer Is considered to be the head of n family If he Is actually supporting one or more per sons closely connected with him by blood relationship or relationship by marriage, or If his fluty to support such person is based on some moral or legal obligation. Debts ascertained to be worthless and charged off within the year and taxes paid except Income taxes and those assessed against local benefits are deductible. JTiese and other points of the income'tax section of the war revenue act .will be fully explained by revenue officers who will visit every county In the United States between January 2 and March 1 to assist tax payers In making out their returns. Officer* to Visit Every Locality. Notice of their arrival In each local ity will be given in advance through the press, hanks and post offices. They will be supplied with Income tax forms copies of which may be obtained also from collectors of Internal revenue. The bureau of Internal revenue is seeking to Impress upon persons sub ject to the tax the fact that failure to see this official in no way relievss them of the duty Imposed by law to file their returns within the time speci fied. The government Is not required to seek the taxpayer. The taxpayer Is required to seek the government. The penalty for failure to make the return on time Is a fine of not less than S2O nor more than SI,OOO, and In addition .VI per cent of the amount of the tax due. For making a false or fraudulent return, the penalty Is a fine not to exceed $2,000 or not ex ceeding one year's imprisonment, or both. In the discretion of the court, and in addition 100 per cent of the tux evaded. As to the Farmers. The number of farmers who will pay Income taxes lias not been estimated by the government officials, but It Is certain they will form a large percen tage of the 6,000,000 persons assessed who never before have paid an income tax. The average fanner does not keep books but If he avails himself of the services of government experts who will be sent to aid him, It will not be difficult for him to ascertain the amount of his net Income. The farmer Is making out his return may deduct depreciation In the value of property and machinery used in the conduct of his farm, and loss hy fire, storm or other casualty, or by theft If not covered hy Insurance. Expenses j actually incurred In farm operation i may be deducted, bnt not family nf 117. Ins expense. Produce raised on the | farm and traded for grt-ceries, wearing j apparel, etc., is counted as living ex penditures and cannot be deducted. >— Tske the Short Route. When yon talk, observes an educa tor, whether In conversation or In meeting, use short words, of which there are more than there are of long ones, and take the most direct road to your meaning. Your meaning's the flame. Cook Makes Good Btart. "I see you have a new cook." Ton are right."- "Is she experienced?" T surmise so. the first dsy by coming Iste, and then asking for tha afternoon off."
The Enterprise (Williamston, N.C.)
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Jan. 4, 1918, edition 1
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