North Carolina Newspapers

JMHf 14-21 WEEK TO MOVE FREIGHT M'ADOO APPEAL® TO PEOPLE OF UNITED STATES FOR ITS OBSERVANCE. i. ♦_ WILL CLEAR UP CONGESTION An Earnest and United Pull All Along the Line Will Achieve Wonders— | Administration Subjected to Flrat Attacks at Capitol. Washinc'pn. The admlnlstration j bill to regulate government manage ment of railroads subjected to Its I first attacks at the capltol. Resolutions were Introduced In Iho , Senate peeking to amend the section | providinK for indefinite continuance of | government control by. providing for ( automatic return to private control | after the war. The basin of compen sation on the earnings of the three j yearn ending last June 80 was criticis ed In a hearing by the- Senate Inter- j state commerce committee by Julius Kruttschnlit. chairman of the execu- j live committee of the Southern Pa- I rifle, who suggested instead the two j and a half year period between July 1, [ IHI6, and December 31. 1!'17, argu- j ing that earnings for 1915 were be- i low normal The Mouse Interstate commerce i committee will start hearings on the bill and will hear Interstate Commerce j Commissioner Anderson explain the measure The railroad administration devoted | itself to executive measures to clear up congestion on eastern railroads, i anil Mr. McAdoo appealed to the peo- i pie of the l ulled States to observe the week of January 14 to 21 as "freight moving week" through an organized movement to unload cars and turn ; them hack from terminals.' In untici-j pation «f government assistance in j railroad financing, roads wore Instruct- j ed to report immediately the amount of capital they need for the coming year. i Mr McAdoo's statement on a con certed movement to clear congestion J said: "I wish to appeal to the people of e the United States to observe the week beginning January 14 and ending] January 21 as 'freight moving week,' and 1 earnestly request the governors ] of the various states, the public lit 11- j itles commissioners, the mayors of national defense, the federal and state food and fuel administrators, the chambers of commerce, and othor business organization, business men and shippers generally, trucking com panies anall railroad employees con cerned, to organize locally and make • supreme effort during this week to unload freight cars, to remove freight from railroad stations and to clear the decks for a more efficient opera tion of the railroads of the country. "An earnest and united pull all along the line will achieve wonders in this direction We can help our selves and relieve an immense amount of suffering If attack the problem vigorously and in the true spirit of co operation'* SUPREME COURT HOLDS DRAFT ACT IS CONSTITUTIONAL Authority of Congress to Declare War and Provide Armies Is Power to Draft Men. Washington Kvery contention rais ed against the selective draft act wis swept aside hy the supreme court In an unanimous opinion .delivered by 4'hlef Justice White, upholding the law as constitutional Authority to enact the statute and to send forces to tight the enemy wherever he may he found, the court held, lies In the clauses of the constitution giving Congress tho power to declare war and to raise and support armies. "As the mind eanrot. conceive an army without the men to compose It." said the chief Justice, "on the face of the constitution the objection that "It does not give power to provide for such men would seem to be 100 frivol ous for further notice." The opinion then proceeded to take up and definitely dispose of each of the many questions raised by counsel for the convicted persons whose ap peals brought the law before the court. No action was taken by the court in the several pending cases involving charges of conspiracy to prevent the carrying out the purposes of the law. It Is understood that these which Include the appeal of Alexander Berkman. Emma tyfldman, Louis Kra mer and Morris Becker, convicted In t New York, later may he made the of a separate opinion. A»?MY CANTONMENT AT IOL yabP EVO,R - VA - AUTHORIZED n.—Construction of »an army cddfielroent at Bevolr, Va„ near f ftirU he training of 18.000 TftHnWrfTOr TTTtfrseas duty, was au- MMaUe«aife)9qße Tftwar department. Three mont||f jffltfrfcfaqulred to com plete the camp, but troops will be 4mm can be arraMK MttlVl unit*. Drafted men, who by training are qual tefcirtotfoe»«l!iitSsorkU wiU be •mon* those I. SEYMOUR LLOYD New portrait of J. Beymour Lloyd, who has been made director general of recruiting In England. He la well versed In military affair*, and under hia supervision recruiting already has Increased largely. NEW POLICY IS ANNOUNCED ARE THOSE WITHOUT FAMILIE3 DEPENDENT UPON THEM FOR LIVING. All Men Who Have Reached 21«t Birthday Since June 5 Are Required to RegistT Washington. All men for the wn:* armies still to he raised hv the United Statit! will come from Clns 1 under the new selective service plan. That diieans the nation's fighting iH to be done by young men without families dependent upon their labor for sup port and unskilled In necessary Indus trial or agricultural work Provost Marshal General Crow.lor announces the new policy In an ex haustive report upon the operation of the selective draft law submitted lo Secretary Maker and sent to Congress. He says Class 1 should provide men for all military needs of the country, and to accomplish that object utrfos amendment of the draft law so as lo provide that all men who have reach ed their 21st birthdays since June 5, IUI7, shall h« required to register for classification. Also, in the interest of fair distribution of the military bur den, he proposes that tho quotas of siates" or • districts be determined hereafter on the basis of number of men in Class 1 and not upon popula tion. Available figures Indicate, the re port says, that there are 1,000,000 physically and otherwise qualified men under the present regulation who will be found in Class 1 when all ques tionnaires have been returned and the classification period ends February 16. To this the extension of registration to men turning 21 since June 5 of last year and thereafter will add 700,000 effective men a year. Class 1 comprises: Single men without dependent rela tives, married men who have habitual ly failed to support their families, who are dependent-upon wives for support or- not usefully engaged, and whoso families are supported by Incomes Independent of their labor; unskilled farm laborers, unskilled Industrial la j borers, registrants by or In respect of whom no deferred classification is claimed or made, registrants who fail I to submit questionnaire and in respect | of whom no deferred classification Is I claimed or made, and all registrants not Included In any other division of the schedule. Narrowed down under the nnalysis of the first draft made in the report, the plan places upon unattached single men and married men with indepen dent Incomes most of the weight of ! military duty, for the aggregate num ber of men in the other divisions of Class 1 Is very small. COMPULSORY RATIONING IN ENGLAND IS COMING London.—Compulsory rationing is to be put into effect in Kngland at an early date, according to Lord Rhond da. food controller, speaking at 811- verton. Ho prefaced his announce ment by saying that he was afraid that compulsory rationing would have to come, that It was on Its way, and then declared that his department had completed a scheme and ithat as soon as the sanction of the cabinet had been received it would be carried out. SENDING RELIEF NOW TO VARIOUS SECTIONS Washington—Fuel shortages In va rious parts of the country , were given attention by the fuel administration. Further, measures were taken to speed the movement of coal, and 700 cars of bituminous were ordered diverted from the West Virginia fields to re lieve distress In Ohio, Michigan and Kentucky. Producers supplying New England were directed to make up solid tralnloads of 25 cars of coal dally for routing over the Boston ft Maine. THE ENTERPRISE, WILLIAMSTON, NORTH CAROLINA IMAGE RATES HIGHER AFTER 21ST V NEW CHANGES TO PROMOTE MORE PROMPT UNLOADING OF FREIGHT CARB. AN IMPERATIVE NECESSITY McAdoo Announces New Rates and Appeala to Shippera and Consglnses to Co-Operata in Releaaing Freight Cara Quickly. Washington To promote more prompt unloading of freight cafs, Di rector General McAdoo established new railroad demurrage i-ules for do mestic traffic, effective January 21, continuing the present two days' free t!nie but providing for Increases rang ing from 50 to 100 per cent In charges thereafter. The director general appealed to shippers and consignees to co-operate In releasing cars to meet the national emergency and to make special ef forts even before the higher demur ran charges go IntQ effect to clear terminals as a contribution to the shc cokr of the wnr. The necessity for action was emphasised by a report from A H Smith, assistant director general In charge of operations east of the Mississippi! river,that "accumula tion Is Increasing at points east of Pittsburgh and Buffalo."'"Mf Smith re ported that the situation was due largely to cold weather, but that sick ness among trainmen and engineers and scarcity of labor has necessitated extensive curtailment of train service. New Demurrage Ratea. The new demurrage rates approved by the Interstate commerce commis sion on request of. the director gen eral, are $3 per car for the first day after the two free days $4 for the second day, and $1 additional fori each- succeeding day until the charge j per day reaches $lO This maximum then will be charged for every day or i fraction thereafter. Existing demur-! rago rates In most sections of the country are $1 for the first day after \ the two duys' free time, $2 for the sec ond day, $3 for the third day, $5 for the fourth day, and for each day there after. Even these rates are several times higher than those which prevail ed a year ago, and which wenp raised last sprlbg when congestion on east ern railroads became acule. Much higher rhtes ure charged oh the Pacific coast and In several other districts, PEACE NEGOTIATIONS WITH RUSSIANS IS SUSPENDED Germans Would Not Transfer Parleys to Neutral Soil. The peace negotiations between The central power* and the bolsfievlkl gov ernment in Rusula have been "tem porarlly suspended" by the Germans From the meugcr advices reoe'ved, .. appears the rock upon which a con tinuation of the pourparlers split was the demand of the Russians that the conference bo resumed rt Stockholm Insterd of at Brest Lltovsk. Dissatis fied with the proposals for peaco made by (ho Teutonic allies before the re cess of the Brest-Lltovsk conference, i Loon Trotxky, the bolshevlkl foreign | minister, had been Insistent on the deliberations being held on neutral soil instead of at the Gormirn east ern headquarters. The Germans, how ever, had been equally firm in their determination not to treat with the Russians rt any other place than Brest-Lltovsk. German advices Saturday were to I the effect that the bolshevik! dele igates, on finding that tho representa tives of the Teutonic allies were at I Brest-Lltovsk awaiting them, had j started for this town, but nothing has Icoine through to show that these hud any foundation In fact The decision of the Germans to discontinue the sit tings was arrived at during a crown council held In Berlin Saturday which was attended by Field Marshal von Hindenburg and General von Lu dendorff. first quartermaster general. FOOD SITUATION OF ALLIES IS VERY GRAVE Washington.—The food situation In the allied countries of Europe is grav er than it has been at any time since the beginning of the war and is giving, American government officials deep concern. Official reports picture ex treme food shortages in England, France and Italy. The fact that conditions in Germany and Austria are far worse offers the only ground for optimism in viewing the situation. MOTOR JRUCK TRAINS . FROM DETROIT TO COAST Washington.—As a result of a suc cessful trial run by an army motor truck train from Detroit to the eAtffcn tic seaboard the quartermaster's de partment decided to' start similar trains from Detroit every day for six weeks, beginning January 10. In this way the denartment hopes to aid in re lieving railroad congestion by trans porting army supplies overland and At the. same time eliminating the neces sity of shipping the trucks. COUNTESS VON HERNSTORFF This la Mr*. Marguerite Vivian Burton Thomaaon of Burlington, N. J., who waa married recently to Count Christian von Bernatorff, ton of the former German ambaaaador to tha United States. The counteaa la about thirty-five years old and already haa divorced two huabanda. The count la only twenty-six yeara of age. QUICK WORK IS MOST VITAL ENTIRE UNITY IS TO BE THE WATCHWORD OF NATION AND ALLIES. Agreement Reached In Parii War Conference —Allies to Make Avail able Necessary Tranaporta. Entire unity henceforth la to he tha watchword of (ho United Statea and allies In the prosecution of the war. American troops are to b> rushed to the lighting fronts In large numbers as quickly as possible, and there Is to he perfect co-ordination in naval, mili tary, fhiandal, food, war Industries and diplomatlc mutters. The agreement between the allies for unified action was reached at the recent Inter allied conference In Farts, which was attended by an American mission headed by Col. K. M. Houae and arranKements already have been made for the United States to carry on I its part of the compact. In order that American troops may be dispatched In a constant stream to Europe, the allied nations are so to arrange their merchant shipping that the necessary transports will be avail able for the huge task. That quick work In getting the American army to the front la most vital la Indicated by a statement of Major General Maurice chief director of military operations at the British war office. General Mau rice says It Is probable that with their heavy reinforcements, drawn from the eastern to the western front, the Ger mans shortly will make a strong of fensive against the British and French armies and that the enemy may be expected to make some gains. SEPARATE PEACE WITH GERMANY NOT PROBABLE Petrograd—(By the Associated Press.) —The chances of a separate peace between Russia and the central powers being effected seem remote, because of what are regarded as Ger many's unreasonable demands" Leon Trotsky, the bolshevik! foreign minis ter. and his associates take the stand thnt the Baltic provinces are In real ity under military pressure while they continue to be occupied by Germany, and that their votes with respect *o peace must he Ignored, as now these provinces are virtually German de pendencies, the loyal Russians havln,; I fled. The Russian delegation np*n Its ! return from Brest-fcltovsk laid before the council of commissioners at Petro grad Germany's demands, which caus ed amaxement and the declaration that the council was not favorable to ac ceptance. TRAIN ATTACKED BY INDIANS AND MANY ARE KILLED Tucson, Arlx. —A train on the South ern Pacific railroad was.attacked 32 miles south of Empailme, Sonora, and from 20 to 30 passengers were killed, according to advices received here. The conductor an an express messen ger were among those killed. Sbme of the passengers were from Tucson but thir name? have not been learned. The attack was by Yaqui Indians. The train was the continuation of the one which left Nogales several'days ago. UNCLE SAM MAY TAKE CHARGE OF ALL SUGAR Wash ington ment purchase of and sale to consumers of all sugar used in the United States and control of the amounts and kinds of food to be served In public eating places were Advocated to meet the abnormal war conditions by Food Administrator Hoover In testimony before the sen ate committee investigating sugar. Me said additional legislation confer ring upon the food administration auch powers should be enacted by congress. WILSON ASKS FCR NEW LEGISLATION WANTS TO REGULATE THE GOV ERNMENT OPERATION OF RAILROADS IN U. 6. IS APPROVED BY CON6RESS - , ~ Asks Thst Carrier Be Guaranteed Compensation on Basis of Average Operating Income for the Last j Three Years. Washington.—Legislation to regu late the government operation of rail roads and to guarantee the carriers compensation on the ba*in of their average operating income for the last three years was asked of Congress by President Wilson In an address to i both houses In joint session. Bills embodying his recommendations and carrying an appropriation of a half billion dollars as a "revolving fund" were Introduced immediately and an attempt will be made to rush them to prompt passage. While the president's address met with general approval among demo crats and republicans alike, opposi tion Is expected to develop to a pro- | vision in the administration bill that federal control shall continue after the war Indefinitely or until congress orders otherwise and other details of the compensation basis The plan will affect Immediately only the wage requests of the broth erhoods but demands which may be made later by other classes of organis ed labor probably will be handled in the same way. Mr. "McAdoo reserving the right to make whatever decision he chooses without regard to recom mendations of the advisers Some Increases, both to the broth erhoods and to other railway labor, are generally considered certain. The director general In a statement prom ised every employee "that his rights and Interests will be Justly dealt j with," and appealed, for a hearty j spirit of enthusiasm and cooperation from every one. Efforts 4o speed the movement of coal and other freight continued along with the legislative and labor phases of the railway movement and special orders were Issued providing that 500 additional cars shall be furnished dally to a certain specified bituminous and anthracite mines, mainly In Pennsyl vania. for supplying New England. These problems forced Mr. Mc- Adoo to postpone action on eastern passenger traffic officials' recommen dations f(W curtailment of passenger schedules but he Is expected to Issue orders then for abandonment of a j number of trains and elimination of parlor and sleeping cars to a great extent. ' * Mr. McAdoo explained today that although no general provisions can be made under the law for exempting railroad employes trom the draft, he will not hesitate to appeal to local exemption boards to defer the calling of these workers if the boards of their I own violltlon do not display a ten dency to regard the railroads as an essential Industry from which em ployees should not be taken for mili tary service. When the president concluded, the administration bill, was Introduced In i the senate by Senator Smith, of South j Carolina, ranking Democratic mem- | ber of the interstate commerce com mittee. In addition to approppriatlng $500,000,000 and providing for the compensation basis under which the government guarantees an aggregate ] return of some $900,000,000 a year, I the measure sets forth in detail the conditions upon which government I operation Is to be carried on. . I Under the last provision the pres | ldent Is expected to Issue an order transferring to Director General Mc- Adoo all functions vested in the chief executive. This will enable the direc tor general to organise a corporation for handling railroad securities In ac cordance with a plan now under con sideration. Railroad officials are expected to urge a number of modifications of the accounting method prescribed by the bill for reaching the standard return basis, but officials expect the scheme as outlined in the bill probably will be followed, in the main. Some dis cussion Is looked for over the provision that new federal taxes un der the war revenue act are not to be charged against the revenue in computing the standard return as are ordinary taxes. The effect of this will be to require railroads to pay war taxes out of their governmental compensation. . -Ik. PLANS REVEALED FOR TWO BILLION DOLLAR PROGRAM Washington.—Plans for a two-bil lion dollar government ship-building program were revealed when the ship ping board asked Congress for au thority to place $701,000,000 worth of'- addltional ship contracts. 'At the same time'an immediate appropriation of $82,000,000 wa? asked for the ex tension of shipyards and for provid ing housing facilities for workmen. Thus far the board haß been author ised to spend for ships sl-234,000500l LIVE STOCK MEN MEET AT WILSON HOG A 8 A 810 FACTOR IN FEED IN6 THE WORLD 18 KEY NOTE OF BEBBION. A FINE EXHIBIT OF CATTLE Dairy Products Prominent—G. A. Hoi derneM Elected President —Reso- lutions Adopted. Wilson. —With a crowd of visitors estimated at betw#en 700 and 1,000 souls, with a complete exhibit of dairy products, meaj and show cattle, the sixth annual meeting of the North Carolina Live Stock. Dairy and Poul try Associations opened with an ad dress of welcome from Mr. R. W. Freeman, district agent of the Agri cultural Extension Service. The weather was very cold, with snow lying around In all protected places, but despite this fact Mr. Dan T. Gray, chief of the Animal Industry Division, goes on record as feeling unusually good about the success of this meeting because of the large first day's attend ance. The first was swine day, featured by addresses by Mr. W. W. Shay, of Cru so; Mr F. P. Latham, of Belhaven: Mr. A M Swlnnerton. Pinehurst. and a sale of 62 pure-bred hogs. At the beginning of the meeting Mr. R. W. Scott, of Haw River, a member of the State Board of Agriculture, responded to Mr. Freeman's a4dress of welcome, after which he took charge of tha meeting The whole morning was de voted to the addresses, in which the jrredominant note was the use of swine as a means of quick, efficient pork production to decrease the present shortage of meat existing over the en tire world. Mr. Shay's address, "A Hog as a Factor In Feeding the World," was practically on this one subjfect. Holderness Elected. Before the sale of pure-bred swine in the afternoon, the Swine Breeder's As sociation elected at their business ses sion Mr. G. A. lloljerness, of Edga combe county, president; Mr. W. W. Shay, of Haywood oounty, vice presi dent. and Mr. Dan T. Gray, of the Ex periment Station, secretary-treasurer. Fifty two pure-bred hogs were dispos ed of at th« sale at prices far above the average Twenty-six of these cam* from the famous Berkshire herd of tha Pinehurst farms and 26 were donated to the association by different mem bers for Its support, and their sale netted a total of ssf>o. which will go to the support of the Swine Breeders' As sociation. Approximately twergy head of pnra bred beef cattle consigned by the state breeders were on hand for the sale Wednesday, January 2. and in addition to this forty head of Aberdeen-Angus, twenty head of Herefords and twenty fine Shorthorns were also sold. The exhibits are already In place in the Watson and Center Brick Warehouses and are proving to be one of the most Interesting phases of the meeting. The exhibit of cheese from the mountains, of Western North Carolina is of nn uaual attraction and is one of the most complete exhibits of its kind that has been made south of the Masoa and Dixon line. Wednesday Was Cattle Day. Wednesday was geef Cattle Day with many beef cattle men from over the entire State present. Addresses were made by Mr. F. T. Pettus, presi dent of Uie Wilson Rotary Club; Mr. Geo. A. Holderness, of Tarboro; Mr. B. B. Miller, of Salisbury; Mr. R. W. Scott, of Haw River, and Mr. Wayne Dinsmore, of Chic ago, 111. No less in teresting than these were the talks by various members of the Experiment Station staff. The night meeting was featured by \ddresses by Dr. Clarence Poe, edi tor of t*ie Progressive Farmer, Ral eigh, N. C., and by Mr. H. H. Page. State Food Commissioner, of Raleigh. These were of as much Interest to I the town people as to the visiting termers. j Before adjourning the business ses sion in the afternoon, the members of the Swine Breeders' Association adopt ed a resolution calling for an appoint ment of a committeo from its mem bership to take- up with the packers the matter of what constitutes a soft bodied or a hard bodied hog on tha market so that the farmer may know what to expect in "ibis matter. This was due to the fact that buyers dis criminate against hogs which come from sections producing soft bodied hogs, regardless of the fact that many farmers are now hardening the bodies of their hqgs before selling. ; To Stop Disloyal Talk. Asheville.—Commissioner ot Public Safety D. Hiden Ramsey has set a precedent in North "Carolina ! by ap pointing a special officer to investi gate pro-German talk or disloyal ut terances in this city. Sergeant E. M. Cherry, Just back from an officers' training camp, where he failed because "of his health, has been placed in charge of this departs ment, and Commissioner Ramsey in rites the public, when there is heard a j pro-German or disloyal utterance ti I phone police headauaitera