Newspapers / The Roanoke Beacon and … / Oct. 3, 1902, edition 1 / Page 3
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tl T7 SOUTHERN FARM 07"6 d zr"' rOPCS OF INTEREST TO THE PLANTER, STOCKMAN AND TRUCK GROWER. How to riant. To a correspondent who "wants to 'plant after oats sweet potatoes, Irish potatoes, cabbage and collards, also to $ow the balance of the field In peas and then cut them for hay, the Southern Cultivator gives the following advice: The method of preparation which is best for one of these crops is best for all of them. That method is to break the laud fifteen inches. Harrow until th? soil is very line for five or six inches deep. Then plant each crop as you usually do. Bed a fiat bed for sweet potatoes, rows three feet' and plants set sixteen to eight-pen Inches apart. Irish Potatoes Bed fiat, thirty inches between rows. Open with a good shovel plow, urop the pieces of potato ten to twelve inches. Cover with two furrows and break out as soon as they com? up, throwing dirt around the ' plants. Tlie Lookout Mountain is a ' good variety, but Early Hose. Triumph, Peerless, etc.. arc good. Cultivate rap idly and shallow, and dig them when riM or grown. Tut them in a dark, cool place and pick out the bruised ones. Very little covering will Ije needed in your latitude. They may be barreled after a few weeks, if care fully picked and holes made in the bar rels for ventilation. Store the barrels in a dry, dark room. Cabbages and Collards Fertilize highly for these. Sow seed th? last of August. Set plants in September or October. Cultivate often. Stir the soil if there is no grass. Peas Sow broadcast three-fourths of a bushel or plant in drill half bushel per acre. Whippoorwills are the best, but others will do. Low, flat, hard, white, sandy land, wii'.i white clay subsoil the land Fhould be broken deep. Get through the hard layer of white clay. Harrow it weil and then put in Johnson grass or Bermuda or alfalfa, or part in each as suits you best. This land if treated right will be very valuable for pasture and haymaking. Very Superior Rice is Grown. Rice is irrigated in South Carolina by manipulating river waters through trunks built in the dikes which protect the low marsh lands from the rivers. The delta lands are selected with ref erence to the possibility of flooding from the rivers with fresh water at high tide, and of draining them at low tide. The reclamation of these lands necessitates the building, parallel with the river, of costly dikes, capable of resisting the force of the flood tide, and also that of the river in time of fresh ets. After the dikes are built the iield is divided into sections and squares by similar banks, called "check" banks. These squares contain from five to thirty acres each, and In turn are sub divided by ditches into bed, usually about thirty-five feet wide and extend ing the length of the square. Each of these squares has a wooden trunk wiih a door at each end, through which the -water Is admitted to the field. The trunks are from thirty to forty feet long, from three to twelve feet wide, and about sixteen inches deep, and arc built under the dikes on a level with the beds of the ditches. In flooding the field the outer door is raised and the inner closed. As the tide rises tli3 jjyater comes in through the trunk, pushes the field door open, and passes through the ditches to the field. When the tide falls' in the river, the pressure of the water in the field closes the inner swinging door against the muzzle of the trunk, thus holding the water. In draining the field this method is reversed, the field door being raised at low tide and the outer door dropped. The unlimited supply of fresh water and its perfect control by this system of flooding and draining account for the superior quality of rice for which South Carolina is famous. rfMantlncr Cow Peas In Cotton Fields. A correspondent commenting on our ndvice to sow cow peas in the cotton field when cultivating the last time, says that we make a mistake in so ad vising, as the peas will interfere with the picking of the crop. We differ from our friend. There is no reason "whatever why the peas should any more interfere with the picking of cot ton than they interfere with gathering a corn crop. In rows four feet apart there is plenty of room to plant a row of cow peas in the middle of each row, and yet leave room enough for the pickers to work without treading down the peas. Plant a bush variety rather than one growing long trailing vines, and no trouble will be caused by the vines running on the cotton. The im portance of securing humus In the soil which the pea vines will furnish, is in finitely greater than any little trouble which the vines may cause to the pick ers. Even 'though the pickers should tread down the peas not much harm will be done, for at the time when Ihe cotton is ready for picking the peas Will have made their growth, and they jvill serve as good a purpose trodden 3 g I down on the ground almost as though allowed to stand and be later trodden down' by the stock. The main object of the planting advised is to secure vegetable matter to add to the soil. This is the great need of the cotton fields. Southern Planter. Cultivation of Sorelium. Cultivation ct sorghum is about the same as that required for corn. If the crust should form before the seed ger minates or after plants appear above the ground, the field may be harrowed to thin out the plants and break the crust. Plowing docs sorghum but little good unless it be planted in rows and thinned out in hills as for syrup grow ing. The harrow is the best imple ment for use. This may be used freely until the plants are too high for such work, when the cultivation should cease. As a rule the thicker the stand ihe better for forage. This, of course, depends largely on the strength of the soil and the food given by application of fertilizers. The mowing machine is the best for harvesting a field of sorghum grown for forage. The stalks may be cut the same as ordinary grain. If left on the ground until after a rain much of the feeding value is lost because of the blades spoiling and the dirt sticking to the plants. When the heads are well formed is the best time for cut ting the plant. It may be left in small bunches to dry or hauled away to the stack silo and put up ready for winter feeding. Sorghum designed for dry feeding should be kept under shelter in the barn or shed. Those who have not tested it will be surprised at its feeding value. Southern Cultivator. Turnips a Good Crop. Turnips are good for the table and good for the stable. Stock are very fond of them. And the yellow varie ties contain a very large per cent, of nourishment. We have found the yel low rutabagas to be excellent food for horses, cattle and hogs. Indeed, we have found that our mules would quit eating corn at any time to eat the tur nips. That they are good for the table is proved by the fact that our grocery merchants find it necessary and profit able to keep them in stock even when they have to be brought from the Northwest, or imported, from Canada. That they should be thus imported is a reproach to our Southern intelligence. Turnips grow readily all over the South and yield wonderfully. Very few crops can bo made, to produce more per acre than rutabagas. From 1.000 to 1200 bushels per acre have of ten been grown. Such yields as these are very profitable. The demand is ready and the price is steady. Cultiva tor. Diversified Farming. The South is peculiarly adapted to diversified farming, and our farmers would reap far greater . profits from this source than from the culture of cotton alone. The sooner this is real ized and Southern farmers begin to contract the acreage of cotton and in crease the diversified crops the sooner will they sea permanent prosperity en tering their homes and brightening their lives with new possibilities. ITave No Idle Land. Land cleared of early and fall planted crops should he at once broken and fertilized and be planted with other crops to come in later. Never le. the land lie idle and producing only weeds It is wasting fertility and making work. If not needed for other vege table crops, sow with cow peas o. some other fodder crop and make sonic feed for the stock. Cut Com Up at the Koot. Do not pull any fodder, but cut the corn up at tha root as soon as the ears are glazed and dented, and set in shocks to cure. Fodder pulling injures the yield of grain and leads to the wasting of a large part of the crop Nearly one-half of the nutritive value of the corn crop is in the stalk, shuck and blades, and this ought all to be saved and fed. A Slow Proceia. The scrub animals of the South can be improved by crossing upon them thoroughbred males of improved breeds, but the progression will be slow, and you must not be disappoint ed at the receipts of sales of your first crosses. Cassava. Watch the weather and cut your as- sava stalks just ahead of frost. Dig the roots at your convenience and care for them much as you do sweet potatoes. The Eloquence of SfUUbiiVid. Sorrow being essentially sel'nsh, tears are merely the eloquence of Selfishness. New York News. When a woman buries the hatchet she allows the handle to stick up. CERIWLESS SCHOOL BOOKS. Salt Lake's Precautions Against Spreading Disease Amoiij Its Children. A new ordinance has been adopted in Salt Lake City with the idea of preventing the disseminating of scar let fever and diphtheria germs among school children. Both diseases have recently been epi demic among the children in the city, and the Board of Health decided that the germs traveled in the school books and other things carried by the pupils. The result has been the passage of an ordinance which Is probably more stringent than any other of the kind ever adopted by any municipality. It provides that none of the school books shall be covered with any male rial other than paper. In all schools in which there is a free distribution of books such books, after having once been used, must be recovered and thor oughly disinfected by the Board of Health. A student once having received a book shall keep it as long as that book Is necessary for his studies. It is unlawful for the schools to col lect pencils, sponges or other articles used by the students for the purpose of redistributing them to other students. A violation of any provision of the or dinance is punishable by a fine of i?25. WISE WORDS. Bad grass does not make good hay. Italian proverb. The tree is not to be judged by its bark. Italian proverb. Better to fall from the window than the roof, Italian proverb. Foola and the perverse fill the law yer's purse. Spanish proverb. It is better to irritate a dog than an old woman. Italian proverb. Be ignorance thy choice where knowledge leads to woe. Beattie. The fault is great in proportion to him who commits it. French proverb. Poverty does not destroy virtue, nor does wealth bestow it. Spanish pro verb. Deep swimmers and high climbers seldom die in their beds. Dutch pro verb. Land mortgaged may return, but honesty once pawned is ne'er redeemed. liddleton. To succeed one msst sometimes be very bold ana .sometimes very pru deut. Napoleon. Where there is no want of will there will be no want of opportunity. Spanish proverb. Hares are caught with hounds, fools with praise and women with money. German proverb. How Muskrats Are Secured. Muskrats are frequently secured by forcing a long-pronged spear or gig through the tops of their houses and transiting the animals within. The house must be approached cautiously, for it is vacated on the slightest alarm. After each successful thrust a hole is cut through the wall of the house with a hatchet and the game removed, when the hole is filled up. As the animals are scurrying through the house after the thrust of the spear some may be taking by spearing them through the ice if the thickness of the latter does not exceed two inches. The remaining members of the family soon return and set about repairing the breach in the wall of the house. If, when the wall is breached, a trap is properly set inside the house, near the edge of the nest and a few inches under the water, the first muskrat returning is usually taken. When a trap is so set, a stick about three feet long is placed through the ring cf the chain and laid across the breach in the wall. On sunny days in winter or early spring mu.-krats are shot while sitting on the ice or while swimming about or basking on logs. They are also secured in the same manner on moon light nights. Large numbers are taken in this manner by sportsmen, but it is not a desirable method cf obtaining them for the fur market on account of the damage done by the shot. Handy Books of Insults. Ilerr Schuch, a German author, has compiled a dictionary of 2300 insult ing expressions, carefully tabulated, indexed and classified. The work, on which Ilerr Schuch has spent years of labor, says the Chicago Chronicle, is called the Schimpfworter Lexikon, and is divided into five gen eral heads insults for men, insults for women, insults for either sex, insults for children and collective insults for syndicates, groups and corporations. Heyr Schuch, with that minute dis cjrnment of th? searching German, has Sut divided tlier-e classes into smaller onis, so that when one wishes to call his friend or enemy a name it needs but a short consultation with the book to find the exact epithet or phrase which will fit the case. This work would have been invalu able to Mississippi liiver pilots in the old days, and evn now the teamster mf.v regai'J as a welcome addition to his library. The Fun of Doinjj Wrong. Half the fun of doing wrong is the ju-;gliug with it to make it seem right. -.n-cw, York Press. pRTICULTURjg An Knemy to Squash Vines. The old familiar squash bug is rap idly gaining ground over various sec tions in the destruction of squash and allied plants. It is a difficult insect to combat, owing to its feeding habits, and it sucks its food from the tissues of the vines. A plant can be protected by covering the hill with netting and burying the edges of the cloth about the hill. In some cases truckers plant many more seeds than are necessary, the extra plants being used as a bait for the insects, where they can be caught and destroyed. Clean culture and good fertile soil are good to keep the plants growing vigorously to resist the attacks of these pests. They can be destroyed by hand picking. If pieces of board or other material are laid near the vines, the insects -will collect at night under them, when they can be caught and easily destroyed the following morning. During the egg laying season the vines should be care fully searched for clusters of eggs and destroyed. The young insects also have a tendency to congregate on In dividual plants and they can be col lected by hand. American Agricultur ist, Plants Which Walk. Not a few plants are possessed of the actual power of migration, not merely by their seeds becoming scattered, but by an actual geographical movement from year to year. The common pur ple orchid, for instance, forms a new bulb each year, and each year the new shoot appears nearly an inch from the spot occupied by last year's stem. Tulips 'planted in the shade will often find their way to a sunny spot. There is a North American fern which sends out a long, gracefully-arching frond, which, under the burden of its weight of buds and leaves, bends to the earth, and the tip takes root, and a new plant soon bursts out at this spC-. This pe culiarity has gained for the fern the popular names of "WaVting Leaf" and "Jumping Fern." Several grasses and sedges develop creeping stems of great length,-which givt rise to new plants THE SEA SEDGE. at every point, or at intervals. The familiar quitch, twitch, or couch, is of this character; but the most striking examples are to be found in inaram grass and sea sedge that occur on sand dunes by the sen. These plants cf the seashore make ropes of their enor mous creeping root-stocks wherewith the sands are tied together, and many banks that would otherwise wash away v-'Jth the first 7iigh tide are held intact. ritch Kaspherry Tips Sparlnjrly. The pinching back of growing rasp berry canes in order to force the growth of lateral wood is frequently practiced by berry growers, but was thought to be an unwise proceeding. Two sets of experiments were, there fore, tried with blackcaps and red va rieties, with the following results: In the pruned row the stumps were more numerous than in the unpruned, and where both tips and laterals had been pinched, more still. There were fewer berries, or rather a lighter yield, in the pruned than in the unpruned rows. This might hve been expected be cause the larger the number of canes the poorer the fruit, as a rule. The smallest yield was from plants trimmed in both laterals and stems. The reason for this increased number of stumps or canes is that the rasp berry produces its new growth from the bases of the old, or two-year-old stem);. In this way the new canes re semble the laterals produced higher up on the stem, the difference being that they may not and normally do not appear the season the cane fruits, but push into j'-owth the spring following. For tiles' reasons, therefore, pinching induces the increased development of these buds at the bases of the stems, which wait only favorable conditions to develop. From these trials the conclusion was drawn that great care must be exer cised to remove as little as possible of the tips by summer pinching and to depend mainly upon the thinning of the stems after the leaves have fallen, or at least late enough to insure the non-development of the basal buds. How many stems to leave each plant will depend upon the soil, the variety and its behavior in the neighborhood. M. G. Kains, in New England Home etead. The Elephant's Teeth. An elephant has only eight teeth al together. At fourteen years the ele phant loses its first set of teeth and a ii o"w set grows. Jfl tl ' Nothing Easier. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey, a young couple recently married, were beginning their housekeeping, and were doing the worn of putting the rooma in order themselves.' Mr. Bailey was having some trouble in hanging one of the presents, a fine clock, upon th wall of the dining room. "Why is it taking you bo long, dear," asked the young wife, "to put up that clock?" - "I can't get it plumb," he replied. "Then why don't you send for the plumber?" she asked, in perfect sin cerity. Youth's Companion. The Spcc?e3 of Woodpecker. There arc some five or six species of woodpeckers, some of which farm ers are prone to look upon with sus picion. Excepting a single species, the yellov.-breasted woodpecker or sapsuckcr, these birds rarely leave any important mark on a healthy tree. The yai;sHoker is sometimes gtfilty of pecking holes In the bark of apple trees from which it drinks the sap when the little pits become flllad. Large numbers of insects are also at tracted by the sweet fluid in these pits, which the eapsucksr also feeds upon, and to that exient largely com pensates for the damage done to the tree. The flicker, cr golden winged woodpecker, is seen mostly on the ground, searching for food, which con sists principally of ground ants and grasshoppers. The examination of a flicker's atomach was found to con tain more than 3,000 ants, yet some peopla persist in sheeting this valuable insect destroyer for purposes of food. New York Sun. j The expected birth of an heir to the Russian threns will not take place, owing to a mishap to the Czarina. Mr. John w. Gates sailed for Europe on the Majestic. F. J. f'lienev A Co., Toledo. O., Props, ot Hall's Ciitiirrh Cure, offer 100 reward for fiiiv ens of catarrh that cannot bo cured by taking Hall's Catarrh Cure. Send for testi monials, free. Hold by Druggists, 75c. About ninety-nine per cent, of the 6tarch matte in the United States is made from corn. FITSrennaoently cured. No fits or nervous ness after ilrst tl'iv'suse of Dr. Kline's Great Ivervfliesiorer.f 2tra' little andtreatisefree Dr. It. 11. Ki.ink. Lf b. : -31 A rob St..rMla., Pa. The 'tvevage duration of life in towns is calculated at thirty-eight years; in the country fifty-five years. Mr.Wins1ow's3cothinr Syrup for children leethimr, soften tb 'uins, recbicesinuamma tion.alJays pain, cures wind colic. 25?. a bottle One of the greattsfc rivers of the world, tlit Orinoco, is also oae oi! the least known to Europeans. JamsurePiso's Cure for Consumption saved my Jife tlirne year-) asro. .Ubs, Thomas TIob Hsk Maole St. Norwich. N. 1'.. Feb. 17, 1900. From the Treasurer of the Young People's Ciristian Tem perance Association, Elizabeth Came, Fond du Lac, IVis. "Dkak Mks. PnKiiAM : I want to tell you and all the young1 ladies o the country, how grateful 1 am to you for all the benefits I have received, from usinsr Lydla E. Pinkham's Vege table Compound. I suffered for MISS ELIZABETH CATSTE. ight months from suppressed men struation, and it effected my entire system until I became weak and debil itated, and at times felt that I had a hundred aches in r.s many places. I only used the Compound for a few weeks, but it wrought a change in me which I felt from the very beginning-. I have been very regular since, have no pains, and find that my entire body is as if it was renewed. I gladly recom mend IVydJa E. Pinkbam's Vege table Compound to everybody." Miss Elizabeth Caine, 69 W. Division St., Pond du Lac. Wis. $5000 forftit If about testimonial Is not ganuine. At such a time the greatest aid to nature is Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. It prepares the young system for the coming' change, and is the surest reliance for woman's ills of every nature. Mrs. Pinkham invites all young women who are 111 to write ber for free advice. Ad dress Lynn, Mass. So. .37. WANTED 13 GO "STotnas .Mon t once to q'.i.VifT f-T : i ' (Virions hlch w u- ll ttuu'ni.lun in "w -.tmn unl a $5,000 lepoait to ii'ci.i;.t'.y iioou.c tle;n. The Ga.-Aia. Bus. College, MA COX, Gi:ollGIA. T0Y00XG LADIES.
The Roanoke Beacon and Washington County News (Plymouth, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Oct. 3, 1902, edition 1
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