8
1 PRODUCTION OF THYMOL FROM HORSEMINT
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HEAT FLASHES,
TURKEYS ARE MOST VALUABLE SIDE LINE
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Bed of Horsemmt
Prepared by the United Statos Depart
ment ot Agriculture.)
The production of thymol from
'Siorsemint mayjbe, under favorable
circumstances, a profitable commer
cial undertaking, according to a re
cent publication of the United States
-department of agriculture, Bulletin
372. Thymol, which is extensively
ised iri medicine, was formerly im
ported from northern Europe where
It is manufactured from seed grown
in northern India. The European
war, however, has reduced the impor
tations of this substance from 1S.OO0
pounds in 1014 to a little more than
2,000 in 1015. To make up this deficit
It is believed that thymol might be
manufactured from improved horse
mint plants with which the depart
.ment of agriculture has been experi
menting for some time.
ITorsemint is found wild on light
sandy soils over the entire region
from southern New York to Florida,
and westward to Wisconsin, Kansas
and Texas, and it is probable that it
will thrive under cultivation over the
same area. From 20 to 30 pounds of
oil per acre should be obtained from
a planting, according to the investiga
tions of the department, and a little
less than 70 per cent of this oil will
"be thymol. "The yield of thymol per
Acre of horsemmt, therefore, is esti
mated at from a little less than 13
EXPERIMENT NOW AND THEN i
.'New Crops and Methods Should Be
Given Thorough Trial Try a
Little of Anything New.
(By EREEZE BOYACK, Colorado Agri
cultural College, Fort Collins. Colo.)
Why not try a new variety of your
main crop? Do not wait for some
one to do your experimenting for
you. The successful business man is
the one who is first in the field. He
trios out carefully, new methods or
new products. The successful farm-
er is first In his field.
If you have never raised a forage
- crop, try one. If you are growing
Defiance spring wheat why not try a
macaroni wheat? Perhaps another
common variety such as Marquis or
lied Fife would do well.
Of course, if your community has
: settled upon a variety as a commu-
Wheat Field in Colorado.
nlty enterprise, as is done with peas,
potatoes, apples, -alfalfa, etc., it Is not
wise to depart from it.
Always try just a little of anything
new a quurU'r acre, a half acre, or
.ven an acre. Give it just average
giuml it is better right alongside
t lie standard crop. Don't fcuby it.
Make it prove its worth, if it has any.
The pleasure of trying out for one
selt the value of a crop is the best
-return. Do not make your whole farm
rn exporinier.t farm or you will surely
f.all. But a little experiment new aad
tiien Is riiished by successful men.
Prop- Feed for rifjs.
Feed the pig all he can " it without
f,uealii)g. This can be done only by
, wut'jhing him eat and knowing just
1 iw much he needs.
Grown for Seed.
pounds from first year plantings to a
little less than 20 pounds for subse
quent years. The average price of
thymol for a number of years prior to
the European war was about $2 a
pound.
The cost of producing the thymol
will depend to a great measure upon
whether the horsemint is grown in
connection with other oil-yielding
plants for which a distilling appara
tus is maintained. Unless this is
done. It is said, it is not probable
that the profits will be sufficient to
warrant anyone engaging in the in
dustry. Excluding such items as land
rent, taxes, depreciation, upkeep and
interest on the distilling plant, it is
estimated that thymol can be pro
duced at an approximate cost of $23
per acre the first year, and $10 per
acre thereafter. These figures include
the growing of the plants, fertiliza
tion, cultivation, harvesting and dis
tilling. A plantation of horsemint
will not have to be replanted oftener
than once in five years at the most,
and by returning the distilled herb
to the soil, a material reduction in
cost of fertilization can be made after
the first year.
Fuller information In regard to
methods of cultivation, harvesting
and distilling are contained in Bul
letin 372 which has already been men
tioned. LONG LIFE OF FENCE POSTS
Osage Orange Leads With Thirty
Years Cement Will Last Forty
eight Year3.
The average life of fence posts
from the following kinds of woods is:
Osage orange, 30 years; locust, 23;
red cediir, 202 ; mulberry, 17 ; ca
talpa, lo1 ; burr oak, 1" 1-3; chestnut,
14; white cedar, 14 1-3; walnut,
ll1 ; white oak, 1114 ; pine, 11 ; tam
arack, 102 ; cherry, 10 1-3 ; hemlock,
0; sassafras, 8.9; elm, 8; ash, 8V&;
red oak, 7; willow, 6. The number
of years that n fence post will last
should be considered In the price paid
for it. Oftentimes f r a few cents ad
ditional a much longer-lived post can
be secured, making it much cheaper
in the long run.
If the bark is left on a fence post,
It will rot much faster than if It is
removed.
It is estimated that the average life
of a cement post is 48 years and of
a steel post 30 years.
ENEMIES OF ALFALFA PLAN!
Not Worth While for Farmer to Waste
Expensive Seed on Sour or
Alkaline Soils.
Sour soli and alkali are enemies of
alfalfa. Most sour soils are sandy
soils where the drainage is too good
and the lime has been leached out.
They can be sweetened by adding
ground limestone where this proces?
is not too expensive and leaching les
sened by incorporating plenty of hu
mus in the soil. This can be done bj
applying stable manure or plowing un
der green manure In the form of grow
ing crops, etc.
Alkali soils usually are badly drained
and can be corrected by supplying thi&
factor. It Is not worth while to waste
alfalfa seed on sour or alkaline soils.
If they cannot be corrected, raise som
other crop.
ALFALFA AND WHITE GRUBS
Excellent Crcp to Alternate With Corr
as It Clears Soil of Aphis
and Other Insects.
It Is claimed that the corn-root
aphis, white grubs and .ther Insects
which caused so much damage to the
corn, will not feed upon alfalfa roots.
For this reason alfalfa is consider 1
a very excellent crop to alternate w!4
corn, as It clears the land of corn ene
mies. Improvement Possible.
Any man who will rei nd work
can duuble his milk and butter yield
if It is below 150 pounds of butterfa'
a year, and it is possible for him t
do it in a surprisingly short tlma.
i i II 9S
UDDER DEVELOPMENT OF COW
Sufficient Importance Not Placed on
' Dairy Characteristics by Dairy ;
Cattle Owners.
Many owners of dairy cattle do not
. . i . n - . i ii..
iiiucf euuicitiiit importance un me
purely dairy characteristics of the an
imalj they keep and breed. One of
the points often overlooked Is udder
development, although it would "seem
that this would be the first thing an
intelligent dairyman would look for In
the selection of a cow. While an oc
casional cow with a small, ill-shaped j
udder will give a gaod quantity of
milk, such animals are merely the ex
ceptions which prove the rule that
good dairy cows should show good de
velopment of the milk organs.
The good udder is large but does
not display its size by hanging in a
Fine Type of Dairy Cow.
low inverted conical shape. Such an
udder does not add to the beauty and
symmetry of the animal and too often
its dangling, swaying motion in travel
is a source of irritation. It cannot
possibly be expected to give as good
results as a blocky compact udder of
equal size in each quarter and extend
ing well to the front and rear. The
teats should be of sufficient size to be
grasped firmly while milking. They
should be set squarely on the quarter
and be of cylindrical rather than
conical shape. The cow with a low
hanging bag and conical-shaped teats
is not a choice atrtmal to milk and it
will usually be found that she does
not do well at the pall.
Parentage has much to do with the
conformity of the cow's udder, and
while the sire will influence this char
acteristic to a certain extent the func
tion of the udder is not after his na
ture and the dam will have to be de
pended upon largely to perpetuate
proper form in this regard. Practical
experience will prove that a heifer
calf will ordinarily have in a marked
degree the external milk organ char
acteristics of her dam. It is therefore
doubly desirable that in the selection
of breeding stock close attention be
paid to the udder development.
VARIETY OF FEEDS FOR CALF
When Animal Is Four Weeks Old It
Can Get Along Without Milk
Gruel Answers Purpose.
After a calf is four weeks old it
can get along very well on little or no
milk if you are short. Make a gruel
out of a variety of feeds, say corn
meal, oil meal, middlings, bran, ground
oats; mix them all together and cook
a kettle of it, having about the con
sistency of gruel. At first feed a pint
of this in three quarts of warm water,
increase to a quart of the gruel.
In addition, give the calf clover
hay and ensilage if you have it; in
fact, any roughage you happen to
have. Also begin to feed it cornmeal
and ground oats as soon as it will
eat.
SUMMER WORK IN THE DAIRY
Nothing More Unpleasant Than When
Pastures are Short and the Files
are Troublesome.
At no time of the year is dairying
more unpleasant work than during the
time when pastures are short and the
flies are troublesome.
Now is the time when it pays to
have supplemental forage crops and to
darken the stables and keep the cows
inside during the hottest part of the
day. The cold weather during the win
ter is less difficult to contend with
than the hot sun and flies during the
summer.
COWS REQUIRE MUCH WATER
Animals Should Have Access to Sup
ply at Least Twice Dally Well
Water Is Best.
Milking cows require a much larger
quantity of water than is necessary for
growing animals. They should have
access to a good clean water supply at
least twice a day. The best supply is
well water pumped Into a tank or
trough, failing this a running stream
is best.
v
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Feeding Time on a
A more profitable sideline than tur
keys for the farmer can hardly be
found for those who are favorably situ
ated for raising them, according to
W. A. Lippincott, professor of poultry
husbandry in the Kansas state agri
cultural college.
"Improper feeding, combined with
close confinement, has been the cause
of many failures in turkey raising,"
says Professor Lippincott. "Given
free range on the average farm, the
poults can generally pick up their
own living. One light fcil a day for
the purpose of inducing them to come
in at night is sufficient.
"If the mother hen is confined to a
coop and the poults are allowed to
run in and out, three times a day is
often enough to feed and very little
should be given at a time. The poults
should always be ready to eat If they
are given all they will eat several
times a day, Indigestion will result.
If there is little or no food outside the
coop for the poults to pick up, they
should be fed five times a day, only
a small quantity at a time.
"A good feed for the first few days
after the brood is hatched . is stale
bread soaked in milk ' and then
squeezed dry. Corn-bread crumbs
and clabbered milk or cottage cheese
is often fed with excellent results.
Green feed and grit should be on hand
at all times. As poults grow older,
the ration should gradually be
changed to grain."
Freedom is the main essential in the
care of the adults, says Professor Lip
pincott. With plenty of range where
the turkeys can find Insects, green
vegetation, the seeds of weeds and
grasses, and waste grain, the cost of
raising them is small while the profits
are large.
Grain and stock farms in t4ie west
ern part of the state are particularly
well adapted to turkey raising, and
especially is thi3 iioticeable in grass-
NEST SATISFACTORY TO HEN
To Obtain Best Results It Should Be
Flattened and Shallow to Per
mit Turning Eggs.
Next time you find a nest of eggs
which a hen has stolen away, take a
lesson in the proper architecture of
such a structure. It may save a few
broken eggs or a poor hatch the next
time you proceed to set a hen in your
own clumsy, human fashion.
The keynote of the stolen nest is
its flattened, shallow design. This is
the way nature has demanded it
should be constructed to give the best
result. How different from the deep,
hollowed-out contraption into which
so many people pile the eggs they ex
pect Biddy to transform into downy
chicks.
A nest to prove satisfactory should
be shallow enough to permit a hen to
turn her eggs properly. It should be
flat enough' to permit the newly
hatched chicks to lie where they are
when released from the shell instead
of sliding down into the bottom and
having the eggs roll on top of them.
IDEAL QUARTERS FOR MITES
For Rapid and Profitable Gains Poul
try Should Be Kept Comfort
able and Cheerful.
Filth should never be allowed to ac
cumulate, because it makes ideal quar
ters for lice and mites. All drinking
pans and feeding pans should be thor
oughly cleaned each day, and the soil
in the poultry yard should be purified
by drainage and tillage. To make rap
id and profitable gains the poultry
should at all times be kept comfort
able and cheerful.
ATTENTION TO BROODY HENS
Keep Brooding House Dark and Handle
Fowls Carefully, Avoiding Unneces
sary Excitement.
If the eggs are to be placed under
a hen, transfer her at night and keep
the brooding house dark for 24 hours.
Handle the broody hen carefully. Do
not excite her or she may refuse to
sit. Keep her nest clean and free
from lice and be sure that fresh water
is always t hand.
Western Turkey Ranch.
hopper years. Raising turkeys in
confinement is generally unsuccessful,
and where it has been tried the re
suits have been discouraging. Plenty
of range is essential in turkey rais
ing.
Turkey hens often steal their nests
in hidden places. To find these nests
proves a long and tedious task. An
easy method of finding the nests is to
confine the hens early some morning
after they have come down from roost
and let them out lute in the afternoon.
Those that are laying will then head
for their nests.
Fifteen turkey hens can be mated to
a vigorous torn, in the opinion of
The Great American Birds.
Professor Lippincott. If 25 or 30 hens
are kept, two cocks should not be al
lowed to run with them at the same
time, but one should be confined one
day, and the other the next. When
two toms are allowed to run together
during the mating season, they fight
and the stronger does practically all
the mating.
LIME AND MINERAL MATTER
To Prevent Soft-Shelled Eggs Hena
Must Have Proper Ingredients
Exercise Is Good.
Soft-shelled eggs are primarily duo
to the improper working of the egg
laying organs. This often comes about
because the hen is not supplied with
sufficient lime and mineral matter fn
her ration. Sometimes, too, a large
supply of animal food will unduly ex
cite the organs, preventing them from
their proper function. Overfeeding
hens is another cause. When the
cause is located, the remedy sug
gests itself. For overfeeding or
overstimulation, supply 20 to 50,
grains of epsom salts as a dose for
the adult fowl and regulate the feed
ing methods. The medicine may be
applied in the drinking water or in
the food. Exercise will take away the
attention of the hens from the soft
shelled eggs.
DUCKS REQUIRE MUCH FEED
Grows Faster Than Chicken and If
Ready for Market Earlier
Weight of Pekln Eggs.
A young duck eats much more than
a chicken of the same age, but it grows
much faster and is ready' for market
much earlier, bo that it costs no mora
to raise a duck than to raise a chicken.
After ducks get their growth they
can be fed as cheaply as hens and
during laying season, when ducks are
averaging a pound of eggs a week, do
not need any more feed than do the
hens.
Twelve Pekln duck eggs weigh as
much a3 17 hen's eggs a little more
than two and one-fourth pounds.
PLOWING UP POULTRY YARDS
Fowls Get Beneficial Effect of Puri
fying Influence of the Freshly
Turned Soil.
Dy plowing or spading up the poul
try yard two or three times during the
summer months, the fowls not only
get the beneficial effect of the purify
ing influence of the freshly-turned soil,
but the manure is turned under, and
considerable excellent focd Is obtained
by the scratching birds.
i i
fy
DIZZY, NERVOUS
Mrs. Wynn Tells How Lydia
E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound Helped Her
During Change of Life.
Richmond, Va. "After taking
eeven bottles of Lydia E. Pinkham'
Vegetable Com
pound I feel like a
new woman. I al
ways had a headacha
during the Change
cf Life and was also
troubled with other
bad feelings com
mon at that time
dizzy epell3, nervous
feelings and heat
flashes. Now I am
in better health
- . v.
than I eve? was and recommend your
remedies to all my f rknds. " Mrs. Lena
Wynn, 2S12 E. O Street, Richmond, Va.
While Change of Life is a most crit
ical period of a woman's existence, tho
annoying symptoms which accompany
it may be controlled, and normal health
restored by the timely use of Lydia E.
Pinkham's Vegetable Compound.
Such warning symptoms are a sensa
cf suffocation, hot flashes, headaches,
backaches, dread of impending evil,
timidity, sounds in the ears, palpitation
of the heart, sparks before the eyes,
irregularities, constipation, variable ap
petite, weakness and inquietude, and
dizziness.
For these abnormal conditions do not
fail to take Lydia E. Pinkham's Vege
table Compound.
Job for Photographer.
"I want yer to take a picture' of our
Joe here," snid the fond parent to the
country photographer.
Joseph wns requested to stand In a
certain attitude and look towards the
photographer. That gentleman's spe
cialty was quick developing, and in a
short space of time a negative was
placed In the mother's hand. She
looked at it very uneasily for some
time, and then remarked :
"I seen a notice in the window there
to say you can do photos to custom
er's, desire, so I'd be obliged to yer If
you could put another face on Joe.
You see, It's to be sent with an ad
vertisement which said 'they wanted a
boy, smart-looking and honest.' "
ASTHMA
"I have been a sufferer from asthma for
thirty-two years," writes Mrs. J. P. Bish
op, 744 Fatherland St., Nashville, Tenn.
"I got to the place where I could not lie
down for months at a time. I tried all
kinds of medicine, but got no relief. Lung
Vita was recommended. I bought a bottle
and can truthfully say that I have not
been bothered with asthma since I took
the first bottle."
Many other testimonials on file showing
what Lung-Vita has drne in cne9 of con
sumption, asthma, grippe, colds, croup,
and whooping couirh. At your dealers or
direct. Price $1.75. Free booklet upon
request. Nashville Medicine Co., Room 7,
Steger Bldg., Nashville, Tenn. Adv.
Hid the View.
"Do I understand you to say," said
the lawyer, looking hard at the princi
pal witness, "that upon hearing a noise
In the hall you rose quickly, lit a can
dle and went to the head of the
stairs, that a burglar was at the foot
of the stairs, and you did not see him?
Are you blind?"
."Must I tell the truth?" stammered
the witness, blushing to the roots of
his hair.
"The whole truth," was the stern
reply.
"Then," replied the witness, brush
ing aside his damp, clinging locks and
wiping the perspiration from his
clammy brow, "my wife was in front
of me."
Whenever You Need a General Tonic
Take Grove's
The Old Standard Grove's Tasteless
chill Tonic is equally valuable as a Gen
eral Tonic because it contains the well
known tonic properties of QUININE and
IRON. It acts on the Liver, Drives out
Malaria, Enriches the Blood and Builds
up the Whole System. 50 cents.
What Bait?
"Are you inviting that queer fish,
Mr. Jimson?"
"Yes, I'm dropping him a line."
Boston Evening Transcript.
Some people can't stand prosperity,
but the majority don't get a chance
to try.
dAgeandOeai
Tour liver is the Sanitary Depart
iLent of your body. When it oe
wrea your whole system becomes
poisoned and your vitality is weakened.
Tho best remedy is
Dr. Thacher's Liver
and Blood Syrup
A purely getabl compound, laxative
and tonic fn effect. It cleans out your
W body, and pots en rgy Into your mind and
muscles. W racommend this remedy be
cause wa know from many years' xyert
ence that it is effective.
Keeps bottle In jroor boms. COo snd 1
st your dealer's.
TEACHER MEDICINE CO.,
CHAYTANOOSA, TEN.
liil