goo
GOOSE RAISING ON ROUGH PASTURE LAND
WORK AGAINST CALF SCOURS
' ft
3TEER RETARDED IN GROWTH
Stunting an Animal as Result of In
J sufficient Food May Be Only
Temporary Condition.
Live stock products are the result
of growth. By far the largest part of
Increase in animals is the result of
growth. The younger the animals the
greater the growth impulse. Many
factors influence the tendency of an
animal to grow. Among these are age,
condition, gestation, lactation and the
quantity and quality of food. A given
amount of food will produce more
growth on a young animal than on the
same animal at a later age. All the
growth factors influence the young an
irral much more powerfully than older
aiimals.
If an animal's food supply is insuf
fi?ient for normal growth, the animal
may be retarded in growth. If this
Well-Fed Hereford.
treatment is continued for a long time
the animal may become permanently
stunted.
Stunting an animal as the result of
Insufficient food may be only a tempo
rary condition. An animal does not
Jose its capacity to grow as the result
of stunting. F. B. Mumford, dean of
the Missouri College of Agriculture,
cites a feeding test at the Missouri ex
periment station in which an animal
that had been stunted by poor feeding
to such an extent that it weighed only
200 pounds at twelve months of age,
gained 841 pounds during the second
year. Only -5.6 pounds of grain for
each pound of gain made were re
quired on this steer stunted during the
first twelve months. A steer that had
been generoucly fed during the first
velve months of his life gained only
500 pounds during the second twelve
months, and this gain was more expen
sive than the gain cade on the stunted
steer. The amount of grain required
to make a pound of gain on the well
fed steer was 9.8 pounds.
It is certain that stunting an animal
even for so long a period as twelve
months doe not destroy its capacity
to grow.
GAINS MADE FEEDING LAMBS
-Result of Test at South Dakota Station
to Determine Value of Alfalfa
; and Prairie Hay.
The best gains ever secured at the
South Dakota experiment station in
feeding lambs was in an experiment
to determine the comparative value
of alfalfa and prairie hay with the
BKiue muu ui a. gram ration.
The grain ration consisted of a mix
ture of 100 pounds of oats, 100 pounds
of shelled corn and 25 pounds of oil
meal.
Each lot was started on one pound
per head of the mixture daily, and in
creased until they were receiving two
: and one-tenths pounds per head of
.grain daily, and what hay they would
eat.
The average dally gain per head for
'the lot that received the alfalfa hay
was .51 of a pound, while with the lot
that received the prairie hay, the aver
age dally gain per head was .38 of a
pound.
DAILY EXERCISE FOR STOCK
Horses and Mules Should Be Given
Run for an Hour or So in Lot
Adjoining Stables.
Horses and mules should have good
daily carding and regular exercise. If
there is nothing for them to do re
move their shoes and give them a
run for an hour or so in a well-fenced
lot adjoining the stables.
The best and safest fence for pas
ture is of stout wovfd wire, rail or a
combination Soard rik smooth wire.
Barbed wire should not be used, as It
is dangerous.
SUNLIGHT 13 BIG ESSENTIAL
Provision for Admission of Maximum
Amount of Light in Bqrn Should
Not Be Overlv;ked.
No barns or shelters for any kind
of animals Pbouid ever be constructed
without making apvle provision for
the admission of the maximum amount
of sunlight Such buildings should
have a southern exposure. If possible.
This will provide extra warmth in the
winter time and the sunlight which is
thus permitted to enter the building
1U destroy many disease germs.
t
GEESE ON A NEW
Pasturage is essential to the suc
cessful raising of geese, according to
Farmers' Bulletin No. 767, recently is
sued by the United States department
of agriculture.
The Industry is at present on the
basis of small flocks raised on general
farms, few, if any, farms being devot
ed entirely to goose raising. In some
producing sections, however, the fat
tening of geese is conducted as a spe
cial business. For this business the
geese are collected from general
farms, usually over a large area, and
are fattened for several weeks before
i being killed.
I Geese can be raised in small num
I bers successfully and at a profit, says
j the bulletin, on farms where there is
I low rough pasture land with a natural
supply of water. Geese are generally
quite free from disease and all insect
pests, but occasionally are affected by
the diseases common to poultry. Grass
makes up the bulk of the feed for
geese, and it is doubtful whether It
pays to raise them unless good grass
range 'is available. A body of water
where they can swim is considered es
sential during the breeding season and
is a good feature during the rest of the
year. The market for geese is not so
general as for chickens. This should
be considered in undertaking the rais
ing of geese. The demand and the
price paid for geese are usually good
In sections where goose fattening is
conducted on a large scale. Many
geese are kept in the South for the
production of feathers rather than for
their flesh, but the demand for their
feathers is not so good as it has been,
making the business less profitable.
Wherever possible, the geese on a farm
should have free range. Many farm
ers in the South keep them to kill the
weeds in the cotton fields.
Houses.
Except in winter or during stormy
weather when some protection should
be provided, mature geese, do not usu
ally need a house. Some kind of shel
ter, such as a shed open on the south
side, a poultry house, or a barn is usu
ally provided by breeders in the North
and is used by many in the South.
Coops, barrels, or some other dry shel
ter should be provided for young gos
lings. The goose houses should be
kept clean and plenty of clean straw
! provided for the floor.
Geese, like other kinds of poultry,
should be selected for size, prolificacy
and vitality. They should be mated
several months prior to the breeding
season and obtain the best results;
therefore breeding stock should be
bought In the fall. Goose matlngs are
not changed from year to year unless
the results are unsatisfactory. A gan
der may be mated with from one to
four geese, but pair or trio matings
usually give the best results. The wild
gander usually mates with only one
goose. When mated, geese are allowed
to run In flocks. From five to twenty
five geese may be kept on an acre of
land, and under most conditions ten
is a fair average.
Incubation.
Geese are fed a ration to produce
eggs during the latter part of the win
ter or so that the goslings will be
hatched by the time there is good grass
pasture. They are allowed to make
nests on the floor of the house, or
large boxes, barrels or shelters are
provided for that purpose. The eggs
should be collected dally and kept in
a cool place where the contents will
not evaporate too freely; if kept for
some time they may be stored in loose
bran. The first eggs are usually set
under hens, while the last ones which
the goose lays may be hatched either
under hens or under the goose if she
goes broody. If the eggs are not re
moved from the nest in which the
goose is laying she will usually stop
laying sooner than if they are taken
away. Some breeders prefer to raise
all the goslings under hens, as geese
sometimes become difficult to manage
when allowed to hatch and rear their
young. Hens used for hatching goose
tgs must be dusted with insect pow
der and have good attention, as, in the
PRACTICAL ROTATION
Date. Tard A. 1 Yard B.
March 1 to Aprii DO Peas and oats '. Feeding.
April 30 to May 23 Feeding .' Peas and barley.
May 25 to J-ine 15 Dwarf Essex rape Feeding.
June 15 to July 10 Feeding Buckwheat and oats.
July 10 to Aug. 1 Buckwheat Feeding.
Aug. 1 to Aug. 20 Feeding Cowpea and millet.
Aug. 20 to Sept. 20 Rye. vetch, clover Feeding.
Bpt. 20 to Dec. 1 Feeding Rye and vetck.
ENGLAND FARM.
case of geese, the period of incubation
is longer than in that of fowls. Goose
eggs may be hatched in ircubators
and the goslings successfully raised in
brooders, although this is not a com
mon practice.
Period of Incubation.
The period of Incubation of goose
eggs varies from 28 to 30 days. Mois
ture should be added to the ejcgs after
the first week If set under hns or In
incubators; this is usually done by
sprinkling the eggs or the nest with
warm water. Four to six eggt are set
under a hen and ten ta thirteen under
a goose. They may be tested about
the tenth day, and those which are in
fertile or contain dead germs should
be removed. They hatch slowly, espe
cially under hens, and the geslings are
usually removed as soon as hatched
and kept in a warm place until the
process is over, when they are put
back under the hen or goose. Some
breeders who hatch with both geese
and hens give all the goslings to the
geese. Hens with goslings may be con
fined to the coop and the goslings al
lowed to range. The latter, espi cially
if the weather is cold, are not usually
allowed ti
several d
hens an
for fron.
latter a
selves,
with bo
for the
tected
some a
Fe
Geesa
they hra
ture, ad
cept du
pick up
ture in
feeds
grains
sity an!
lng on
need ft
to thir
should
ommen
Befor
the avt
tageousi
while ti!
confined1
ful whether it would pay him to con
fine them to individual or small pens
and make a specialty of fattening un
less he has a special market or retail
trade for well-fattened stock.
Geese are usually killed and picked
In the same manner as other kinds of
poultry. Some markets prefer dry
picked geese, while in other markets
no difference is made in the price of
scalded or dry-picked geese. When
feathers are to be saved fowls should
not be scalded, but should be picked
dry before or after steaming. On
most farms where geese are raised the
feathers are plucked from the live
fowls at some time prior to, molting.
About 1 1-10 pounds per goose is the
average yield of feathers. Feathers
are worth from 30 cents to $1 a pound,
and the picking cost per goose is about
11 cents.
Breeds.
Six breeds of geese have been ad
mitted to the American standard of
perfection, namely: Toulouse, Emden,
Chinese, African, Wild or Canadian
and Egyptian. In addition to the
standard breeds there is the so-called
Mongrel goose, which Is a hybrid made
by crossing one of these varieties or
the common goose with wild geese.
Crosses of the varieties of geese, es
pecially of the Toulouse and Emden,
are occasionally made, but without any
apparent gain. The Toulouse, Emden,
Chinese and African are easily the
most popular breed of geese in this
country, the first two greatly leading
the other breeds. All economic breeds
of geese are kept primarily for the
production of flesh and feathers, and
although their eggs are occasionally
used for culinary purposes on the farm
there is no demand for them for food
purposes in the markets.
FOR POULTRY YARDS
I 1.
v , - y
On Every Farm Measures Should Be
Taken to Prevent This Disease
Many Animals Lost.
Thousands of calves are lost each
year by what Is known as scours, says
II. II. Kildee, University of Minnesota.
On every farm measures should be
taken to guard against this disease,
which results from a deranged diges
tive system.
Calves should have warm, clean,
light and well-ventilated pens. Milk
should be fed in regular amounts, at
regular times, at a temperature of j
about 80 degrees Fahrenheit, from I
scrupulously clean pails. The foam
which accumulates on the milk while
it Is being separated should never be
fed. The time to feed the grain ration
Is Immediately after the milk is fed, so
that the calves will not suck each oth
er's ears and thus. take air Into the
stomach, which causes bloat and pro
duces scours. It Is well to have stanch
Ions in one side of the pen so that the
calves may be confined for a shorl
time after being fed milk.
Each day during the winter, when
the weather is favorable, the calves
need to be turned out Into a sheltered
yard for exercise, which is necessary
for their proper growth and health.
It is also very important that the
calves, from a very early age, be giv
en all the pure, fresh water they care
to drink each day. The pens should
be disinfected frequently. Quicklime
is excellent to sprinkle on the floor
each time It is cleaned and a frequent
spraying with some standard coal tar
dip solution will prove beneficial.
THINGS TO REMEMBER
A good grain mixture for
calves is : Oats, 50 parts ; bran,
SO parts ; cornmeal, 10 parts ; oil
meal, 10 parts.
lember to make the calf
and clean; well-lighted.
In winter; shaded in sum
free from vermin; con-
t for feeding.
dairy calf, when bred
V;t cow.
7S SOMETIMES EXCEL
buld Be Kept Until She Fails
te Good Profit for the
Feed Consumed.
Pv t n rnwtv
experience that a milch cow
uuaoie until aDouc twelve
re. My cattle are purebred
and some have produced
) pounds of milk per year
jwere twelve years old. We
Holstein Cow.
seldom keep them longer than that. All
farmers that have purebred cows know
their ages, and I Cud that the farm
ers in this vicinity that .do not have
purebred cows know the ages of their
animals approximately. I have kept
one or two cows until they showed
signs of falling as producers of milk.
This was indicated by the decrease In
the milk flow, but not In the shorten
ing of the period of lactation. My way
of getting them ready for .the butcher
Is to let them go dry, and they will fat
ten if In good physical condition. I
think a cow should be kept as long as
she gives a good profit for the feed
consumed.
SWELL PRODUCTION OF HERD
Only Practical Way to Make Improve
ment Is by Raising Heifer Calves
From Best Cows.
When the milk is sold for market
milk, or to a cheese factory, or a
milk condensery, the problem Is how
to raise calves without the feed cost
ing more than the value of the animal
raised. At the same time it is a most
serious mistake under these circum
stances to depend upon buying cows
rather than raising calves. The only
practical way to improve the produc
tion of the herd is by raising heifer
calves from the best cows.
FALL FRESHENING IN FAVOR
Heat and Flies of Summer Have De
teriorating Effect Upon Cows
and Their Offspring.
He who will spend one of the long
evenings thinking in a straight line,
letting his mind revert but a few
months to recall the effect the heat and
flies of last summer had upon his cows
that freshened last spring, will make a
vow that will profit him greatly In the
future.
1 X
XS SSf&Xt ' i 6
The Right Medicine in Many Cases
Does Better than the Surgeon's
Knife. Tribute to Lydia E. Pink
ham's Vegetable Compound.
Doctor Said Operation or Death But Medicine Cured.
mm
Another Operation Avoided.
Richmond, Ind. "For two years I was so sick and weak from
female troubles that when going up stairs I had to go very slowly
with my hands on the steps, then sit down at the top to rest. The
doctor said he thought I should have an operation, and my friends
thought I would not live to move into our new house. My daughter
asked me to try Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound as she had
taken it with good results. I did so, my weakness disappeared, I
gained in strength, moved into our hew home, do all kinds of garden
work, and raised hundreds of chickens and ducks. I cannot say
enough in praise of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound." Mrs.
M. O. Johnston, Route D, Box 190, Richmond, Ind.
Of coursS there are many serious cases that only a
surgical operation will relieve. We freely acknowledge
this, but the above letters, and many others like them,
amply prove that many operations are recommended when
medicine in many cases is all that is needed.
If you want special advice write to Lydia E. Pinkham Medi
cine Co. (confidential) Lynn, Mass. Your letter will be opened
read and answered by a woman and held in strict confidence.
Too Many "White Hosses."
Addressing a woman's welfare meet
ing recently, Mrs. Lloyd-George point
ed a moral, with a quaintly pathetic lit
tle story.
It concerned a Yorkshire collier's
wife, who each Saturday made a prac
tice of calling at the pit where her
husband worked, with a view to get
ting him safely home, and, by per
suasion and tact, preventing him get
ting too much drink en route.
The poor woman, however, was
fain to confess that she seldoui suc
ceeded, and asked why, she replied as
follows :
"Aw, ye see, lady, Ah might get Bill
all reight past f White Hoss, but, don't
yer see, lady, theer's th' King's Head,
an' f Brahn Coo, an' f Blue Pig
seven other White Hosses, so to speyke
afore Bill gets dahn that hawf-mlle
to ahr haase."
BOSCHEE'S GERMAN
S
A Valued Household Remedy for
Over Half a Century.
In our climate, with its sudden
changes of temperature, rain, wind and
sunshine often intermingled In a single
day, It is no wonder that our children,
friends and relatives are so frequently
taken from us by neglected colds, many
deaths resulting from this cause. A
bottle of Boschee's German Syrup kept
in the house, and a few doses taken in
time, will possibly prevent a severe Ill
ness, a doctor's bill, and perhaps death.
For fifty years this has been a very
successful remedj foi coughs, colds,
throat or lung troubles. It Induces a
gooa nights sleep with easy expec
toration in the morning. For sale by
druggists In all parts of the civilized
world, 25 and 75 cent bottles. Adv.
Old-Fashioned.
"Is he old-fashioned?"
"Sure thing. He still waits for his
teeth to ache before going to a den
tist." Sore Eye, Blood-Shot Eyei, Watery Eyea.
Sticky Eyea, all healed promptly with night
ly application of Roman Eya Balaam. Adv.
True economy lies In making the
fullest possible use of what Is bought.
Do You Neglect
Your Machinery?
The machinery of the body needs to
be well oiled, kept in good condition
Just as the automobile, steam engine or
bicycle. Why should the human neglect
his own machinery more than that of
his horse or his engine? Yet most peo
ple do neglect themselves. To clean
the system at least once a week Is to
practice preventive measures. You will
escape many Ills and clear up the coat
ed topgue, the sallow complexion, the
dull headache, the lazy liver. If you will
take a pleasant laxative made up of
the May-apple, Juice of the leaves of
aloes, root of Jalap, and called Pleasant
Pellets. You can obtain at almost any
drug store in this country these vege
table pellets In vials for 25c simply
ask for Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets.
There can be no counterfeit If they
hare the Dr. Pierce stamp. Proven
food by 50 years' use.
HOP
Des Moines, Iowa. "My husband says I would
have been in my grave today had it not been for
Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. I suf
fered from a serious female trouble and the doctors
said I could not live one year without an operation.
My husband objected to the operation and had me
try Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. I
soon commenced to get better and am now well
and able to do my own housework. I can recom
mend Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound to
any woman as a wonderful health restorer." -Mrs.
Blanche Jefferson,703 Lyon St., Des Moines, Iowa.
A Sister's Dire Thrust.
A quarrel between, two sisters over
the administration of the estate of
their , mother flared up in probate
court at Belleville, says the St. Louis
Star. Judge Frank Perrln had held
that Miss Amanda Holdener had made
a correct accounting of the estate. Her
sister, Mrs. Veronica Fltzmorrls, who
had asked that final settlement be not
ordered, fairly screamed at her: "I
will ride on horseback In front of your
hearse In a red dress when you are
buried."
Now Is the time to cleanse the system and
tone up the digestive functions. WRIGHTS
INDIAN VEGETABLE PILLS are not only
laxative but tonic. Adv.
White-footed mice are present In
almost all parts of this country.
, Los Angeles county has the largest
olive grove In the world.
1jAXFOS
A digestive liquid laxative, cathartic and liver
tnulo. Combines strength with palatable, aromaUs
taste. Does not gripe or disturb stomach. Mo.
Any man who doesn't want what he
hasn't got has all he wants.
THICK, SWOLLEN GLANDS
that make a horse Wheeze,
Roar, have Thick Wind
or Choke-down, can be
reduced with
KJSaaHIMHUiiniHilMMMa
also other Bunches or Swellings. Mo blister,
no hair gone, and horse kept at work. Eco
nomical only a few drops required at an ap
plication. $2 per bottle delivered. Book 3 M frt.
ABSORBINE, JR., the antiseptic liniment for
man It ind, reduces Cysts, Wens, Painful,
Swollen Veins and Ulcers. $1 and $2 a bottle at
dealers or delivered. Book "Evidence" free.
W.F.YOUNG, P. D. F 310 Timpli St., Springfield. Mas.
PERFECT HEALTH."
Tutt'a Pill keep the ay stem In perfect ordf
They regulate the bowel and produce
A VIGOROUS BODY.
Remedy for sick headache, constipation.
Sold for 47 years. For Malaria, Chill
and Fever. Also a Fine General
Strengthening Tonic. oZfiSlS
840 ACRE STOCK FARM
Greensville Co., Virginia. Four mllea of Seaboard.
N. O. 110,000, timber reserved. J. 8. Wraa, p.ria, fa
IS IT A COUGH?
Montrose, W. Va. "I had a cough
every winter for
years, but always
with the return of
warm weather it
would leave me, but
this particular time
even that failed. I
was thin, had poor
S3ptpijF2f appetite and spent
'tmr? restless nlchts. A
? FifSzk neighbor advised me
( l t0 use Dr- Pierce's
Qolden Medical Dis
covery, so my husband got me a bottle.
I left It at my bedside that night and
Just took a little sip often, and It soon
allayed the Irritation in my throat and
I got some sleep. I continued Its use
and the change was great. Indeed. I
began to gain in flesh, my appetite re
turned and by the time I had complet
ed two or three bottles I was sound
and welU" MRS.E.SJLNNON, Route 2,
Liquid or tablets. All dry grists.
Tlitt S