Newspapers / The Roanoke Beacon and … / Aug. 30, 1918, edition 1 / Page 6
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IDY ll ill J&OBiOT PLAGUE OF CORN GROWER Wi HelDhS the Meat and Milk S,,nnlv JOKOM OBJECT OF WASHING BUTTER Proper Way to Remove Buttermilk Is When Butter Is in Small Granules Use Pure Water. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) The object of washing butter is to remove the buttermilk. The only way that this can be done properly is to wash the butter when it is in small granules so that the largesi possible surface is exposed to the water. To try to remove buttermilk by working It out of the butter is not effective; moreover, the excessive working in jures the grain and body of the butter. While the last of the buttermilk Is draining off the wash water should be prepared. Only pure, clean wash wa ter should be used, and it should be twice the quantity of and at about the same temperature as the buttermilk. The water should be placed in a pail or other receptacle and its tempera ture determined with a thermometer; if necessary it should be tempered by the addition of either warm water or Ice. If the butter granules are too soft or too hard the temperature of the wash may be either a few degrees warmer or colder than the buttermilk. Warm water has the same effect upon ' the body of the butter as high churning I temperatures, whereas cold water makes the butter so hard that it can be j worked only with great difficulty, and If very cold the proper incorporation of the salt is practically impossible. After the buttermilk has been drawn j off the cork Is replaced and one-half ; the wash water is poured Into the churn. The cover of the churn Is then ! replaced and the churn given about ' four rapid revolutions. The wash wa ter is drawn off and the washing re- i peated. Two washings are usually sufli- cient, the second wash water when ! drawn off usually being almost perfect- j ly clear. While the wash water is draining off the worker should be rinsed again with hot water followed by a thorough rins- j ing and cooling with cold water. This ! must be done immediately before us ing, because if the worker is slightly i dry the butter will stick to it. The ! lever worker is widely used and gives satisfactory results, though other types do just as good work. The butter, which is still In the gran ular condition, is removed from the churn with the ladle and placed In a convenient receptacle for weighing. The old-fashioned butter bowl is con venient, and this is the only use that should be made of it. The butter having been weighted the quantity of salt is weighed, and this should be calculated on the hasl of three fourths of an ounce for each pound of butter. The quantity may be varied to suit personal taste or the require ments of the market. The best grade of butler salt or table salt should be used. The butter is placed upon the worker, spread out about two Inches thick, and the salt, free of lumps, sift ed upon it. The butter is then pres Washing Utensils Immediately After Making Butter. ed with the lever or other device, care being taken to press and not to rub or smear it. After being pressed Into a thin layer It Is folded upon Itself Into a pile and the pressing repeated. The working is continued until there Is a thorough and even distribution of the salt and a desirable grain and body have been produced. The working of the butter is a very Important step In the making process and should receive careful attention. Too much working Is a common fault In farm-made butter. Overworked butter has a sticky and salvy body, a dull, greasy appearance, and gummy grain. It feels warm in the mouth, sticks, and dissolves slowly. Properly worked butter has a waxy body and a bright appearance, end feels cool and dissolves quickly in the mouth. But ter has a proper grain If a slab breaks when bent at an angle of about 4f de grees and the broken surface has the appearance cf broken steel. In ad dition, overworking butter injures its keeping properties. Wm - .-,.- : : J vf""' jiuui iiiiwuii in-Hivc, Limeu omies ueparimeni oi Agriculture.) .Jl fL. 5?CF ' ShAL- J , UU W U I wll I UUI1U HUU U lL7 I vJf ! u v f v 1 M :IM f A I III . . I fN I Dairy Products Essential for Growth DAIRY PRODUCTS VERY ESSENTIAL America Depended Upon to Meet the Needs of All Allied and Neutral Countries. COW IS EFFICIENT PRODUCER Great Law of Food Conservation Is to Turn Inedible Feeds Into Edible Foods in Cheapest Manner Pos sible Cleanliness Urged. Dairying one of the largest of the agricultural enterprises of this coun try has a big war job. Dairy prod ucts are esseitfial to the well-being of the nation, ami it has been urged by the United States department of agri culture that every effort be made to maintain the supply in this country, and so far as possible, to meet the in creasing demands of the allies. Before the vnr the United States received dairy products from 24 for eign countries. Now these supplies have been largoJy Ptopped and it has become necessary not only to replace them at home but to export large quantities. Turns Feed Into Food. Two facts stand out prominently as reasons for the increased production and use of milk. The first is that milk as purchased on the market usually supplies food material together with the growth-producing elements, more economically than either meat or eggs. The second reason is that the dairy cow is the most economical producer of animal food. One great law of food conservation is to turn inedible feeds into edible foods in the cheapest possible manner. The dairy cow will utilize coarse materials, inedible by humans, such as grass, cornstalks, hay, etc., and will turn them into milk, which is suitable for human food. Other farm animals also are convert ers of coarse roughage Into edible food, but are not so efficient as the dairy cow. So much for the war duty of the producer. To get the full benefit of the milk, care arid attention on the part of the consumer is necessary. Consumer Must Be Careful. If the milk producer and the milk dealer have done their duty there is left daily at the consumer's door a bottle of clean, cold, unadulterated milk. By Improper treatment in the home the milk then may become unfit for food, especially for babies. This bad treatment may consist of placing It in unclean vessels, exposing it un necessarily to the air; failing to keep it cool up to the time of using it; or exposing it to flies. Milk absorbs impurities collects bacteria whenever it is exposed to the air or placed in unclean vessels. Some of these may be the bacteria of certain contagious diseases; others may cause digestive troubles which in the case of infants may prove fatal. Cleanliness and cold are imperative for good milk. Here are some suggestions from specialists of the United States de partment of agriculture: Avoid milk kept In a can, open much of the time and possibly without refrigeration, at the bakery or grocery store. The best way of buying milk is In bottles. Dipping it from large cans and drawing it from the faucet of a retailer's con are bad practices. Take the milk into the house as soon as possible after delivery, especially In hot weather. Keep milk In the original bottle un til needed for Immediate consumption. Keep the .refrigerator cool and sweet. single drop of spilled milk or a uraall particle of neglected food may a of Children and Health of Adults. contaminate a refrigerator in a few days. All utensils with which milk comes in contact should be rinsed, washed and scalded every time they are used. When a baby Is bottle-fed, every time the feeding bottle and nipple are used they should be rinsed in luke warm water, washed in hot water to which a small amount of warning soda has been added, and then scalded. Never use a rubber tube between bot tle and nipple, or a bottle with cor ners. If a case of typhoid fever, scarlet fever, diphtheria or other contagious disease breaks out on the family, do not return any bottles to the milkman except with the knowledge of the at tending physician and tinder condi tions prescribed by him. While efficient pasteurization de stroys germs and affords a safeguard against certain dangers, it should not be regarded as an insurance against future contamination of milk, and the foregoing suggestions should be ob served in the case of pastuerized milk as well as with ordinary milk. Do not keep milk over 24 hours, even if it seems to be sweet, as milk may be come unfit for human food before it sours. MILK GOOD FOR ALL I Drink milk. Drink more milk. Pure, fresh rich milk is a food fit for the gods. Babies cannot live without milk ; and growing children grow the faster for it. It gives vitality to youth, pow er to middle life, and to old age it brings a goodly portion of the health and strength of former years. It should be used more largely by people of all ages, classes and conditions. Milk steadies the nerves and adds to the health, physical strength and mental energy of those who use it. It excels coffee, and with It tea is not to be com pared. We may drink it at meals and between meals. It Is delicious, refreshing, invigor ating. It is one of nature's best gifts to man. Come, let us have another glass of milk. Bread and Milk. "What sunburned child, when hours of play have made him tired and hun gry, does not delight in a bowl of bread and milk? What student, whose brain is weary from long hours of con stant sttudy, dws not desire a lunch of bread and milk? The overburdened housewife, tired from her daily tasks, can quickly regain her strength by eating bread and milk. The man who labors with his hands, who works from early morn till night, can find no better food for his tired body than a supper of bread and milk. After hours of mental strain In a downtown office, the man of business may renew his strength and vitality by a single meal of bread and milk. All who are weary and over-burdened with work or worry may find life and strength and pleasure in a good old-fashioned bowl of bread and milk. Silage Valuable for Sheep. A good quality of silage is extremely palatable and can be fed to nil classes of sheep with good results. It must be remembered, however, that silage which is either very sour, moldy or frozen should not b fed. Use of this succulent feed for sheep has attracted the attention of most farmers only during the past few years. Much has been said of its bad effects upon sheep, but these have been due either to an inferior quality of silage or carelessness of the feeder and improper feeding. Late summer and early fall Is trying on sows and late-farrowed pigs. Un less there is green food it Is likely to cost the feeder considerably. MANY SHEEP KILLED BY DOGS Ways of Preventing Ravages by AnU mals Are Suggested by Agricul tural Department. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) ; Uniform state laws are advocated by the United States department of agri culture as being the most effective method of dealing with the sheep-kill ing dog. Investigation by the depart mout among sheep owners in 15 states east of the Rocky mountains shows that out of a total of C,S36,492 sheep In the 502 counties reporting, 34.083 were killed by dogs in one year (1913) and were paid for by the counties. At the same rate of loss In other farm states the total annual destruction of sheep by dogs would be 107,760. But these figures are based only npon the number actually paid for, and it is more than probable that the true losses far exceed this. It is known that many sheep are killed which are never reported to the county official. In 1913 crop reports in 30 states sub mitted estimates which showed that the number of sheep in those states could be Increased 150 per cent with out displacing other live stock. Such an Increase would place approximate ly 34,000,000 more sheep in these i states than there aie now. Of 1,411 answers received to the question as ; to whether sheep raising Is profitable In the farm states 8S7 answered "yes." Of 894 answers as to the causes pre venting increase In the numbers of sheep 531 said. "Dogs." USE SELF-FEEDERS FOR HOGS Device Will Give as Good Results as Most Expert Hand Feeder Time i and Labor Saved. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) By means of the self-feeder the av erage farmer will have as good results as the most expert hand-feeder, and the results will be obtained at much less expense of time and labor. For the average farmer there is little doubt which method is the more economical, for the self-feeding system is advan tageous in every respect. Its use re sults, first, in larger daily gains In live weight, bringing the pigs to a market able size at an earlier date; second, feed is consumed more rapidly, and consequently gains are more rapid; and, third, as there Is an actual saving In the amount of feed required to pro duce 100 pounds of gain. It is shows that the increased feed consumption and the more rapid daily gains are not made at the expense of efficient use of the feed. On the contrary, a smaller amount of feed is consumed in making pork, which is a fact of extreme im portance at present. The last and one of the most important advantage to the farmer at this time is the saving of labor, for although daily watch must be icept on the .self-feeder to see thr.t each compartment is we'l supplied and not clogged, this requires only a frac tion of the time necessary to hand feed the same hogs several times a day. The self-feeder may be adapted to the use of any kind of grain or feed, although shelled grain and ground feeds are most commonly used. It Ohio Self-Feeder End View With End Siding Boards Removed. may be adapted to handle ear corn, but such a feeder must be of large size and heavily made In order to hold sutficient grain to feed a bunch of hogs several cays without refilling. In order that the self-feeder may readily be adapted to different kinds of grains it should be constructed with some means of regulating the opening through which the feed passes. For example, cornmeal or barley requires a smaller opening to prevent too rapid a flow of grain than is required in the case of shelled corn. A well-constructed self-feeder will last a number of years, and as it may not always be convenient to feed the same grain every season some provision must be made to accommodate different sizes of grains. Care should be taken to see that the self-feeder is always supplied with each feed, for if one part of the ration is missing the pigs will naturally eat an Increased amount of any other available nutrient, and In such a case will make very poor use of it For ex ample, when tankage and shelled corn constitute the ration, if corn were to become exhausted the shoats would naturally eat a very large amount of tankage, which would not only fail to produce rapid gains, but would In crease the consumption of a very high priced feed. Too much emphasis can not be placed upon this point, for the beginner is apt to become careless in the use of a device which does not re quire constant care. Tj js EVT J'tr iaho New Insect Threatens the Crop That Is Grown In the Eastern Districts of Massachusetts. An Insect, comparatively new to this country, threatens the corn crop of eastern Massachusetts. The corn borer, believed lo be of European origin and to have been ac cidentally introduced here about ten years ago, is said now to be firmly es tablished within a 15-mIIe radius of Boston. Only recently has It come into eco nomic prominence, according to a re port from the Massachusetts agricul tural college, which urges that every effort be made this year to eradicate this pest, not only to insure the safety of corn crops, but also to keep the in sect within t lie present bounds and thus prevent it from reaching the great wheat fields of the West. The injury Is caused by the first brood of caterpillars, which reach ma turity during the latter part of July and transform to yellowish moths early in August. The caterpillars, when full grown, are flesh-colored and somewhat smoky or brownish, about one inch long. They pass the winter within the remains of the plant, and can best be destroyed during the win ter or at any time before planting the new crop. One of the chief means of exterminating the insect is to burn all old stubble, corn stalks and trash around the field or garden. HIGH PRAISE FOR AMERICANS 1 Fighting Men of France and Britain I Pay Tribute to the United j States Soldiers. i "Diarist" of the Westminster Ga zette says that two subjects1 of con stant praise with British officers and men who have been home from the j front recently are the Americans and the French reserves. Of the French an officer told me, he says, that if he had not seen them he would not have ! believed that our allies had in reserve such a fine body of lighting men. Sonie i how or other, perhaps as the result of enemy propaganda, the idea got about I that France had exhausted all her best classes and that only indifferent ones j ! were left. There Is not an atom of foundation for such an idea. For the Americans, I gather, no praise can be j too high. I have heard Scotsmen call j them "bonnie fechters," Lancashire men describe them as "gradely lads," j and I believe "hefty" is regarded as a I very appropriate summing-up of their qualities. Christian Science Monitor. JUST A LITTLE LATER Dobbins Pretty smart boy of yours, Wobbins. Wobblns Yep. He knows every thing. Graduates soon. After that he'll know more. Longest and Shortest Days. The longest and shortest days of the year vary. In 1918 the longest day was June 19, 15 .Hours and 18 minutes from sunrise to sunset. In 1917 from June 1G to June 22, Inclusive, each day was 15 hours and 17 minutes long. In 1913, December 19, 21, 23 and 25, will each be 8 hours and 4 minutes from sunrise to sunset, while the in- j tervening days, December 20, 22 and 24, will each be one minute longer. In 1917 only December 21 and 23 were the shortest dajs, each containing 8 hours and 4 minutes. Fcrgot the "Laundry." They were on an interurban car bound for the big city. One of them, the sen of a banker, had been Intrusted with a .bundle containing $5,600 in bills. The bundle was wrapped In a newspaper. Being young, the bearers of the treasure fell to talking of girls and things and when they arrived at the stat'ttn both get up and started away without the bundle. "Hey, you fellows," a man who had uccu anting uut& ui luriii nuuuicu, "Hey, boys, you've forgot your laun dry." It need not be guessed that the boys double-quicked back for the "laundry." Taxes Which France Pays. Between 1912 and 1918, according to i the statement of the French finance minister, direct taxation on Income and capital In that country rose from $339,400,000 to $028,400,000, and total taxation from $687,400,000 to $1,501, 100,000. On what are called the "non essential" articles of consumption, alcohol and tobacco, the tax yield has risen from $161,000,000 to $405,600,000. What Thlngs'll Come To. "How do you sell your watermel ons?" asked the sweet young thing of the grocery man. "We prefer cash, of course," said the merchant, never turning a hair, "but we can arrauge for easy terms if you wish to buy one,1 : y ) jjj and instantly the room is flooded with a brilliant light. This convenience is Eossible in your home, arns and sheds with DELCOLIGHT Th!si complete electric lighting plant will supply all the light you require; also ample power for the churn, cream separator, washing machine, etc. Pays for itself in a very short time. Writ to Home Light & Power Co. Charlotte, N. C o ( oi j Mils Chills Good for Malaria, constipation biliousness a fine tonic Guaranteed or money back Ask your dealer Behns Drud f"o.W,-irr Tvr W. N. U., CHARLOTTE, NO. 35-1918. IN BAD WAY PHYSICALLY Physician's Verdict Made Recruit Won der if Any Disease Had Got Away From Him. The curiosity of Henry James, who applied for enlistment in the United States Marine corps at Los Angeles, remains unsatisfied. James was taken before Dr. G. J. Ilildebrand, the examining physician, and, after the usual physical examina tion, was told that he failed to meet the requirements. "What's the matter with me?" quer ied the prospective Hun destroyer. "You've got scoliosis, phthisis and synoirtis," was the surgeon's reply. The would-be marine blushed to be told so frankly what prevented his be coming a devil dog, and turned to go out, when the doctor shot a few hot parting words after him. "Not only that you're troubled 'with slight astigmatism, otitis media and chronic furmunculosis." "Gosh," was all the lad could say as he fled in confusion. GIRLS! USE LEMONS FOR SUNBURN, TAN Try iti Make this lemon lotion to whiten your tanned or freckled skin. t.i..tiM...t-..............t......Mti.aiiiiii Squeeze the juice of two lemons In to a bottle containing three ounces of Orchard White, shake well, and you have a quarter pint of the best freckle, sunburn and tan lotion, and complex Ion whitener, at very, very small cost Your grocer has the lemons and any drug store or toilet counter will supply three ounces of Orchard White for a few cents. Massage this sweetly fra grant lotion into the face, neck, arms and hands and see how quickly the freckles, sunburn, wlndburn and tan disappear and how clear, soft and white the skin becomes. Test It Is harmless. Adv. Sarcasm. ' "It Is very hot today." "I'm so glad you told me. , Save me the trouble of going to look at the thermometer." Stomach Troubles and Dyientery ea.aaed from Drinking lea Water or from sleeping near an open window should be checked Immedi ifil?S. '"V1 ! GKOVH'8 BABY BOWHI. MHDICiMl, a safe and Bare remcdr tor Bummer plarrboe&s. It Is Just, as effective 'or Adults as for Children. Chicago woman has started crusade against cats to conserve food. Texas Is abandoning ostrich grow ing. When Your Eyes Need Care Try Murine Eye Remedy Nj Smarting Just Kje Comfort. W cents at PrnKiste or mail. Write for Free Bye Book. CiLKUNE EYE REMKDI CO., CHICAGO 1(3 II Id mi-fsn Mo VS.)
The Roanoke Beacon and Washington County News (Plymouth, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Aug. 30, 1918, edition 1
6
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