Dieted to the interests 1"^ jft ?1| M 1"^ Tfc } Tk A edited by: c. m. DouOm
ofjTransylvania Farm- M /? BJf Wi m 1# V M /I | ? |l
t em and their problems.
JHi *h Jm JP T? Aw JfiL JLJ Jr. fiL i^ee^r wt JbbIL JjjLdJ farmers ?f thisj^ount/^^^^
.REAM ROUTE IS BIG
NEED IN THE COUNTY
ilazen?r Believes Enterprise
Would Bring Much Cask
to the Farmers
"Ready casMj^ the biggest need of
f*ny farmer AST county,'' H. B.
Xj'lazei^er of ( the ^^onnestee section,
|cclared Sa&irday in conversation
rith The. Mfws Farm Page editor,
'Vie most logical plan that could
*b? utilized right now by which the
farmer could get this necessary ready
cash would be the establishment of a
cream route.
"There are but very few fanners
in the county who do not have at
least a small surplus of milk for sale,
and there are a large number who
? "^vould be abl?* to furnish several gal
lons of milk per week. And too,"
Mr. Glazener continued, "if we had
a market for our cream, more of us
would become interested and prepare
lo produce cream in much larger
hulk than we are now doing.
Further, this movement would tend
to increase pork production. Skim
milk is one of the best feeds I have
found for pigs, and if the farmer had
a market for his cream, naturally he
would have more skim milk, and of
course ho would want to utilize this,
so his first thought would be to turn
to hogs or poultry. In this way cheap
er meat and cheaper, poultry would
be raised, and the big problem staring
many of us in the face right now ? a
place to sell our corn at a fair margin
of profit would be solved ? for there
is profit in corn if marketed through
? hog." .<4 k *1
VEGETABLE GARDEN
IS OF IMPORTANCE!
J. A. Glazener, Agri. Instructor j
The vegetables garden deserves our
very best thought and attention be
cause of its importance, both from
an economic and a health standpoint.
Home grown vegetables should be an
important item in reducing the fam
ily budget. Not only will one gener
ally find it cheaper to produce the
vegetables for the family table, but
there is an outstanding opportunity
for self expression, which most of us
casually pass by.
Recent discoveries in the field of
human nutrition have revealed the
fact that fresh vegetables are an ab
solute necessity if good health is to
be maintained. We find that vege
tables are important sources of min
erals such as calcium, iron and phos
phorous all of which the body needs
and uses. Fresh vegetables are val
uable for the vitamins they furnish,
the lack of which would cause our
bodies to become physical wrecks. i
Since we have seen that the vege
table garden offers a three-fold op
portunity, let us resolve now to make
the best garden this year we have
ever had.
(Next week I shall write on how to
produce early vegetables.)
MERIT CERTIFICATE WON
BY ROSMAN STUDENT
Wallace Gillespie has received a
merit certificate signed by Dr. Lane,
chief of the division of vocational
agriculture in the United States, and
Roy H. Thomas, state supervisor, of
Raleigh. This merit certificate was
issued in recognition of the outstand
ing work done by young Gillespie in
judging dairy cattle.
Wallace, who is a member of the
Rosman Y. T. H. F. eliminated dis
trict and state competitors in judging
contest held at St. Louis, Mo., last
October, at which time he made
excellent marks in judging dairy
Guernseys. The certificate, the first
one to ever come to a Western North
Carolina' boy, was awarded with
fitting exercises during chapel period
several days ago, Prof. J. B. Jones,
superintendent of public schools, mak
ing the presentation speech.
BETTER RESULTS
if you feed
INTERNATIONAL
FElJtDS
ornf, Cows, Poultry,
11 Livestock
I
just unloaded a
oad at our store and
sell you GOOD FEED
at reasonable prices.
GROCERIES
Try our store for your
needs in Staple and Fancy
Groceries. We have been
satisfying our customers
for 23 years.
M. GARREN
PHONE 108
E. Main St, Brevard
l
F-R-E-E
EXCHANGE
COLUMN
'n this column each week ?
will be carried classified or
want ads for farmers of
Transylvania county without
cost, as a part of the service of
"> >./ News Farm Page.
If you have anything for sale,
for rent, want to buy, borrow
or rent any article or product
on the farm or home, or what
ever your problem may be, we
well be glad to help you by
carrying your advertisement
without cost
Send in your ad not later,
than Monday. Make it brief but
explanatory: For example:
"Jersey cow for sale; second
calf ten weeks old, giving 3 1-2
gallons milk day; will sell for
^ ? . John Doe, Little River."
The ad will be carried once,
and if buyer is not found notify
us and re-run will be made.
However, as we want this
column to be as accurate as
possible, be sure to have the ad
stopped soon as results are ob
tained, so that there will be no
confusion.
! MRS. PATTON HOSTESS TO
i FARM LADIES SATURDAY
Mrs. Bates Patton, chairman of
the ladies organization of the Western
North Carolina 6-10 Year Farm
I program of Transylvania county, was
i hostess to ladies of her committee at
[her home Saturday afternoon. Chief
I business transacted was the election
| of a vice chairman, Mrs. Sam Mc
Cullough, of Cherryfield, and a
secretary, Mrs. Marcus Williams of
Brevard, and discussion of plans for
making the county-wide survey,
which is being carried on this week.
After the ladies had transacted
business pertaining to their organi
zation, a joint meeting of the Farm
Movement leaders was held. Attending
the meeting were: Mrs. Patton, Mrs.
McCullough. Mrs. Williams, Mrs.
Claude Shuford, Mrs. T. P. Galloway;
Prof. J. A. Glazener, Prof. J. F.
Corbin, Prof. J. B. Jones, Willis
Brittain, Paul Glazener, Mr. Patton,
Otis Shipman, and C. M. Douglas.
BREVARD AGRI BOYS
IN INTERESTING MEET
The Brevard Chapter of Young
Tar Heel Farmers met in regular
session Friday afternoon for the dis
cussion of vital matters pertaining t<f
the welfare of the organization, with
John Collins, president, presiding.
Officers of the chapter include:
John Collins, president; Merrimon 1
Shuford, secretary; Max Wilson, I
vice president, L. E. Powell, treas- 1
urer; Eugene Dickson, reporter, and j
Prof. J. A. Galzener, advisor.
The club voted to cooperate with
the county welfare' work bv donating
vegetables to the board for use in
their work.
They adopted the plan suggested by
Prof. Glazener for the organization
of a pig club to be known as the
Brevard F. F. A. Revolving Pig
club, for which definite plans are be
ing perfected this week. They voted
to use only one breed of pigs in the
work to be carried on through the
club. I
SOUTH URN CORN CUP IS
WON BY VIRGINIA BOY
Atlanta, Ga., January 20. ? R. N.
Rucker, Jr., com club boy of Dela
plane, Fauquier County, Virginia,
was today awarded the Southern
Railway System's corn cup. handsome
silver trophy offered to the grower
of the best ten ears of corn produced
in Virginia, North Carolina. South
Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky",' Tenn
essee, Alabama or Mississippi, in the
year 1931.
Second prize went to Dan V. Bick
ley, of Lexington, S. C.-, who won the
cup in 1927 and again in 1930, and
third prize to Clarence Fuller of
Newbern, Tenn. Ramsey O'Neill of
Saucier City, Miss., and R. A.
Wilder of Knightdale, N. C., who won
the cup in 1929, were given honorable
mention.
^ =a=g*ji
Farmers ?
Come to see us
when in Brevard.
When you come to town,
drop by and see us. We
can furnish you with an
i excellent lunch or dinner.
? ? We use Trasylvania
1 County products in
o u r cafe whenever
we can. ifjj
Good Meats
Cooked Right
? AT ?
The Canteen
Doc Galloway, Prop.
^ r
County-Wide Survey Will Determine
Amount of Supplies Shipped into the
County Thai Could Be Grown Here
Voting unanimously to adopt the
5-10 Year Program being carried out
in Western North Carolina, members
of the Transylvania Advisory Com
mittee met at the home of Mrs. Bates
Putton, Davidson River, Saturday
afternoon, and after thorouKh <l>s
cussion led by Prof J. A. Glazener, j
Prof. J. F. Corbin and Mrs. Patton,
leaders in the movement here voted
to give special emphasis on the pure
bred sire campaign as advocated by j
The Citizen-Times as a major object- j
ive.
Final plans were made for the |
county-wide survey in' which every ?
phase of agriculture will be covered, j
This survey will be made by the ;
ladies' organization during the week .
of January 18, tabulations of all re-!
ports made and fjnal results used as !
a basis for the program to be carried 1
out at a mass meeting of all farmers
and business leaders of the county to
be held in the county court house on
the afternoon of January 30. i
The survey will be made house to
house throughout the county and will
when completed show exact amount
of all products being shipped into the
county that could be produced at
home; the amount of farm products
sold during the past twelve months;
amount of live stock and poultry now
in Transylvania, and the preference
of individual farmers in growing
money crops.
A marketing committee, headed
by Jerry Jerome, chairman, will use
the last named data as a basis from
which to work in establishing mar
kets for the surplus crops and pro
ducts produced here.
Committee chairman were elected
at the meeting Saturday as follows:
Production credit, marketing and
f-nance, Jerry Jerome; farm crops,
vegetables and livestock, J. A. Glaz
ener; farm organization, land conser
vation and utilization, J. F. Corbin.
Officers arc J. A. Glazener, general
chairman of the men's organization;
J. F. Corbin, vice chairman; Jerry
Jerome, secretary. Mrs. Bates Patton
is chairman of th(*ladies' department,
with Mrs. Sam McCullough, vice
chairman and Mrs. Marcus Williams,
secretary. Committee members will
be named by the chairmen at a joint
meeting of all officers of the organ
ization at an early date.
While a definite method of proced
ure will not be decided upon until the
general meeting to be held at the
court house on January 30, however
tentative plans in the making now
point toward purebred livestock and j
noultry as one of the main objectives.
Much interest is being manifest in
business and civic circles in Brevard ,
in this phase of the work.
Whv Some Farms "Pay" More Than Others
J Prof. John Corbin, who was aske^
; to write on the topic of "Why Some
Farms Pay Better Than Others,"
sent in the following, which is re
printed from a farm magazine, and
prepared by T. S. Thorfinnson of the
South Dakota State College of
A^riciflture. It u /very interesting 1
reading, and is passed on by Mr. !
| Corbin as worth the time taken to ;
give it a thorough study:
In normal times some fanners :
make money and other farmers arc
unable to pay operating expenses. I
Quite frequently the incomes on ad
joining farms differ much more than
conditions seem to justify. However,
there is always a reason (or several
reasons) for the differences in incomc.
Facts concerning the operations of
the farms in question usually reveal
these reasons, provided all the facts
are known and properly pna^yzed. ,
Figures obtained from farm records
in the spring wheat area of this state
show the value of accounts in point
ing out the reasons for differences in
income on individual farms.
Following is a comparison of
figures obtained from two farms on
which complete records were kept
during 1930. The soil and climatic
conditions under which these farms
operated were practically identical
and the farms were of about the
same size. The farms were designated
as farm 1 and farm 2 in the discuss- j
ion, which follows:
Table I. ? Incomc
Farm 1 2
Family income from farm $1897 $3120
No. of family workers.. *1.1 *0.9
Income per family worker $1725 355
*No family help was available
on either farm except chores by the
wife in connection with poultry,
garden, etc. The operator of farm 2
spent some time at work outside the
Ifarm during the year.
| The income figures in table 1
: represent the return left after
deducting operating expenses and
interest on the investment from the
gross income. They represent the
! wages of farmer and family for the
I year's labor and management. Thfi
'difference in income is quite pin
nounced and further study of the
figures is required in order to account
? for the difference. Table 2 shows the
, gross income from crops and live
stock.
! Tabic 11 ? Crons lnr.om e_
Total $7779 $5872
] The greater gross income on farm
) was largely accounted for by the
| difference in income from livestock,
I the livestock income on this farm
' exceeding the livestock income on
? farm 2 by about $2,800. The gross
; income from crops was about $800
less on farm 1, however. This was
jdue to the fact that a larger propor
tion of crops raised was fed to
livestock on farm 1 than on farm 2.
Figures in table 3 show that the
acreages of feed crops (corn, onts
and barley) and the acreages ol'
cash crops (wheat and flax) were
approximately the same on the two
farms, and that the yields per acre
of the various crops (though very
similar) were slightly higher on farm
J 1 for most crops.
Remarkable strides have beer; made
in Burke County during the past five
years in the imp'rovement of dairy
cattle and their management, says F.
K. Farnham, dairy extension special
: Three lots of feeder cattle have
?been purchased by Catawba County
I farmers in the last ten days. These
|men will sell their surplus rough ftgf
Mi rough these beef cattle.
Crops
Livestock . . .
Miscellaneous
Farm 1 Farm 2
. $1047 $1894
. 6574 3688
158 290
ist.
!" Table 111. ? Acres in Crops and
Yields Per Acre
Farm 1 Farm 2
Acres biu Acrcs bn.
Total acres
operated 867 790
Wheat 170 14 170 13
Flax '32 3.3 44 2.3
Oats 70 23 54 23
Barley 67 17 89 20
Corn grain 132 17 164 12
Com fodder 56 43
Alfalfa hay .... 59 8
Native pasture .202 218
Wild hay 80 .
Since very little of the difference
in income is accounted for by the
returns from the crop enterprises,
examination of the livestock enter
prises is in order. The numbers of
livestock and the production per unit
of livestock are indicated in table
4.
Table IV. ? .Vo. Head of Livestock
and Production Per Animal
Farm 1 Farm 2
Milk cows 4 6
Stock cows 39 33
Young cattle 37 31
Brood sows 30 24
No. pigs saved in 1920. .235 86
Hens 65 35
Chicks raised 360 200
Amt. butterfat produced
per milk cow, lbs ....249 190
No. pigs saved per litter 7.3 3.6
Number of eggs produc
ed per hen 15C 91
The number of cattle kept on the
two farms was about equal. There
were 6 more brood cows and a large)
flock of chickens on farm 1 than on
farm 2. The amount of livestock
produced for market was consider
ably greater on farm 1. Especially
was this true of hogs, and indicated
by the total number of pigs saved.
Farm 1 saved 235 pigs from 30
litters, while on farm 2 only 86 pigs
were saved from 24 litters. The
average number of pigs saved per
litter was 7.8 and 3.6 respectively.
The butterfat production per cow and
the number of eggs per hen were
greater on farm 1. While these enter- 1
prises were small compared with the <
hog enterprise, the difference was in 1
favor of farm 1, nevertheless.
In spite of the greater livestock
production on farm 1 the expenses on
this farm were not much greater than
the expenses on farm 2. The itemize'!
expense accounts of the two farm>
are given in table 5.
Interpretation of the figures pre
sented Indicates that the principal
reason for the greater income on farm
1 was the larger livestock production
and the superior quality of the live
stock. A secondary factor was th<
higher yield of some of the Important
crops, especially corn.
Table 1' ? Operating Expenses
Farm 1 2
Hired labor (incl. board)? 645 ?72c>
Com. feed bought 38 20
Seed treatment&twine .. 80 157
Insurance on bldgs, crops 233 217
Taxes 412 34t'
Cash rent (ha.v&pasture) 177 249
Gas, oil and grease for
farm use 392 499
Medicine and vet. fees .. 120 1"
Upkeep, repairs (bldgs.,
mchy., equip.) 226 366
Depreciation (on bldgs.,
mchy., equipment) ... 1103 994
Total operating exp. $3126 $3617
Interest on investment
in land, equipment,fecd,
and livestock 2456 1933 1
Total $5882 $5550 |
Time does not permit presentation
of all details contained in the records, j
but 'the general conclusions drawr
from the facts revealed may Im
summed up briefly as follaws:
On i arm 1 livestock was 6f hiev
quality and reasonably good W
sanitation methods were used. The |
field arrangement was well planned.
FARMER'S
QUESTION
BOX
Any perplexing farm question thai ;
you may want answered will b<' j
handled through this page, with in- ,
formation furnished by Prof. Glazen
er and Prof. Corbin. Address all
question to the Farm Editor, The
Brevard News, or to Prof. Glazener
at Brevard, or Prof. Corbin i^t
Rosman, and the answer will be
published on this page.
Both Prof. Corbin and Prof, j
Glazener are recognized through out
the State as outftfendifit men in their
line of work, and their answers ti .
questions pertaining to farm problem
will be of a type that can be relied
upon.
Methods of soil preparation, seed,
fertilizer to be used, poultry or |
livestock problems, in fact any per
plexing questions, will be given
immediate attention by these gentle
men, who will deem it a pleasure to
give any farmer their assistance.
weeds were kept under control and
a definite crop rotation was practiced
The farm was well equipped with
buildings, fencing and machinery
and the operator was very systematic
in the management of his entire
business. There was one handicap,
namely, that the investment in build
ings and equipment was somewhat
high in proportion to the size and
value of the farm.
On farm 2 good, purebred sires
were used for all livestock, and
vaccination for disease was a common
practice. The field arrangement here
Has also well planned, clean, high
ruality seed was used and a definite
crop rotation was followed. Good
cultural methods were used and th<
i-perator of the farm was a good
mechanic. The main difficulty on
i his farm during the year was that
the operator was absent at farrowing
time and again at corn cultivating
time and the highly important enter
prises (hogs and corn) were neglect
:d at a critical time of the year. The
hog lots here are infested with
"necro" and other hog diseases and
.?holera among the poultry has caused
5ome losses. Buildings and eqiupment
ire somewhat old.
In comparing these two farms due
:onsideration must be given the fact
:hat the figures discussed deal with
inly one year.
RECORD POTATOES
REPORTED BY LEE
258 Bushels Per Acre By Rot
man- School Boy Wins
Recognition
Thomas Lee, son of Mr. an J Mm.
Hose* Lee, of Lake Toxaway, and
member of the Y. T. H. F. at Rosman
High' school, reports the outstanding
record of 258 bushels of Irish potat
oes Rer acre, grown on his father's
farm.
Young Mr. Lee had potatoes as his
farm project during 1931 as a part
of his class work under Prof John
Corbin. He used the Irish Cobbler
certified seed, and carried on cultivat
ion and fertilization of the crop as
per schedule laid down in his class
room work.
Keeping records on his outlay for
all expenses, including seed, rent on
land (.32 of an acre), fertilizer, and
figuring the selling price of his crop
at 78 cents per bushel, which is
estimated a very nominal price lor
seed potatoes, he made 77 cents per
hour for all time put in on his pro
ject.
ROSMAN Y. T. H. F. UNDER
TWO DIFFERENT GROUPS
Rosman High school's Vocational
Agriculture classes and the Y. T. li.
F., are two distinct organization*,
with each group functioning separ
tely, though on the same basis ? that
of furtherance of agriculture in the
home county.
The Senior organization is headed
by Claxton Henderson, as president;
Wallace Gillespie, vice president;
Harry Morgan, secretary; Harrison
Hall, (reasurer, and Ralph Galloway,
reporter.
Howard Galloway is president of
the Junior organization, while Otis
Owen is vice president; Thomas Lee,
secretary; Charlie Lee, treasurer;
Victor Sigmon, reporter; Prof. Cor
bin, advisor. Ray Hinkle, Raloh
Chapman, and Otis Owen compose the
program committee for the Juniors.
Prof. John Corbin is ex officio
member of both the Junior and Senior
organizations, and is meeting with
decided success in his work with the
boys, and with the farmers and
patrons of the Rosman school, who
(five him support of which he is very
proud.
FARMER'S
ONE-STOP SERVICE STATION
VWWWVWW.W
Don't chase all over town to buy your
needs, and then be disappointed-come to
the
FARMER'S ONE-STOP STORE
Here you can supply your farm and kitchen with first
class supplies that will please you, your wife, your live
stock, and your soil.
PURINA CHOWS
for all livestock, poultry
rabbits and dogs.
OTHER FEEDS
Cotton Seed Meal, Hulls,
Shorts, Bran, Hay and
other feeds.
FLOUR
Biggest stock of Flour in
Transylvania County.
HEAVY
GROCERIES
At prices that you can
compare any. where.
Field Seed, Garden Seed, Flower Seed, Onion Sets,
Cabbage Plants, Field Fertilizer, Garden Fertil
izer, Grass Fertilizer, Flower Fertilizer,
Baby Chicks, feeds and supplies, Spray
ers and spray materials. Insecticides,
Vulcan Plows and supplies. .
We Buy and Sell Chickens and Eggs
Feed & Seed Co.
The Store with the Checkerboard Sign