By EdwaFdW.
President Defends AAA and
Canadian Trade Treaty
WHILE the United States Supreme
;ourt was hearing oral arguments
In the Hoosac Mills ease In which the
constitutionality of the whole Agricul
tural Adjustment act
was attacked and de
fended, President
Roosevelt was In Chi
cago seeking to justify
the entire New Deal
farm program. He ad
dressed the American
Farm Bureau federa
tion In the Interna
tional Amphitheater at
the stock yards and
was heard and en
thusiastically applaud
ed by some 25,000
George N
Peek
farmers and as many others as could
get Into the theater and adjoining
wings supplied with loud speakers.
The farm program, the President
said, aimed to "stop the rule of tooth
and claw that threw farmers into bank
ruptcy or turned them into serfs." As
evidence that It is succeeding, he as
serted that farm Income "has increased
nearly $3,000,000,000 In the past two
and a half years."
Necessarily Mr. Roosevelt defended
the new Canadian trade treaty because
only two days before that pact had
been bitterly attacked by his late trade
adviser, George N. Peek.
"Just as I am confident," said the
President, "that the great masses of
city people are fair-minded, so I am
sure that the great majority of Ameri
can farmers will be fair In their judg
ment of the new treaty.
"If the calamity howlers should
happen to be right, you have every as
surance that Canada and the United
States will join in correcting Inequali
ties, but I do not believe for a single
moment that the calamity howlers are
right.
"We export more agricultural prod
ucts to Canada than we have Imported
from her.
"We shall continue to do so, for the
very simple reason that the United
States, with its larger area of agricul
tural land, Its more varied climate and
Its vastly greater population, produces
far more of most agricultural products,
Including animal products, vegetables
and fruit, than does Canada.
"In the case of the few reductions
that have been made, quota limitations
are set on the amount that may be
brought brat the lowe rates."
In bis analysis of the Canadian
agreement. Peek showed that 84 per
cent of the tariff concessions which
the New Dealers granted to Canada
were on agricultural and forestry prod
ucts. He also showed that the articles
on which the New Dealers granted tar
iff reductions amounted to 308 million
dollars In 1929, whereas Canada In re
turn had granted concessions on arti
cles valued at only 245 million dollars.
After completing his speech and eat
ing luncheon with a lot of local nota
bles, the President went to South Bend,
Ind., where he received an honorary
degree from Notre Dame university
and delivered another address.
Coal Act Held Invalid by
Liberty League Lawyers
IN THE opinion of the lawyers' com
mittee of the American Liberty
league, the Guffey coal act is uncon
stitutional. Although this law, intended
to stabilize the soft coal industry, has
been upheld completely by one federal
Judge and partly by another, the com
mittee said it violated the Constitu
tion in that it:
1. "Capriciously and arbitrarily In
fringes upon the Individual liberties
of producers and employees" and
2. "Undertakes to regulate activities
which are essentially and Inherently
local In character."
Neither the "pretended exercise of
the taxing power through the assess
ment of that which Is not In fact a tax
but a coercive penalty" nor congres
sional declaraion that the Industry
was "affected with the public Interest"
made the act valid, the committee con
tended. Offer Made to Italy
at Ethiopia's Expense
1TALT la being punished for starting
the war against Ethiopia, and will
be well paid for stopping It That In a
nutshell Is the status at this writing.
Great Britain and France reached .an
agreement as to the offer to be mad
to Mussolini before the Imposition of
an oil embargo, set for December 12.
This plan for peace, drawn up by Brit
ish Foretgii Secretary Sir Samuel
Hoare and Premlet Laval, was based
on the proposal that Italy should ra
tals part of the territory already con
quered, la Ethiopia, chiefly in north
western Tlgre province. Including
Adows bat not the sacred city ef Ak
sum, and that the Italian 8omallIand
border should be rectified. In return,
Ethiopia , would be given a seaport,
either in , Eritrea or In British or
French territory. Thus poor Ethiopia,
already declared by the League of Nay
tlons to be a victim of Italian rapacity,
would be still further victimized with
the consent ef the two great powers
t that dominate the league. Presumably,
If Emperor Halle Selassie refuses the
Pickard
' Western Newspaper Union
terms and decides to continue his
fight for the .territorial Inviolability
guaranteed by the league covenant, he
will be abandoned to his fate.
Should Mussolini show a disposi
tion to accept the proposals, it was
expected the oil embargo would be
postponed to permit negotiations. If
he rejects the plan the embargo would
go Into effect and supposedly the war
In Africa would continue at least until
the rainy season next spring.
Italian airplanes bombed the city of
Dessye three days In succession but
Halle Selassie, who was there, escaped
injury. However, the American hospi
tal and a Red Cross crmp were prac
tically wrecked and many persons
were killed or wounded.
Navy Limitation Parley
Opened in London
QROBABLY with slight hope of ac-
complishing anything worth while,
representatives of the United States,
Great Britain, France and Japan met
In London and opened
the international naval
conference. Italy also
was represented, but
only as an observer
and listener. Prime
Minister Stanley Bald
win welcomed the dele
gates In a smooth ad
dress asking the chief
sea powers to lessen
some of their demands
to "avert the calamity
Admiral
Nagano
Norman H.
of unrestricted naval
competition."
Davis offered President
Roosevelt's suggestion of a 20 per cent
reduction In existing naval treaty ton
nage, or, falling that, a continuance
of present fleet limitations.
Then arose Admiral Osaml Nagano,
chief of the Japanese delegation, and
told the conference that Japan de
manded parity with Great Britain and
the United States instead of the exist
ing 5-5-3 ratio end requested a "Just
and fair agreement on disarmament."
He said in part :
"A new treaty, In the view of the
Japanese government, should be based
uon the fundamental Idea of setting
up ... a common limit of naval arma
ments to be fixed as low as possible,
which they shall not be allowed to ex
ceed ; simultaneously, offensive forces
must be drastically reduced and am
ple defensive forces provided, so as to
bring about a substantial measure of
disarmament, thus securing a state of
nonmenace and nonaggresslon among
the powers."
The French delegates were prepared
to accept drastic limitation and even
reduction of tonnage and gun calibers
on Individual ships; but they thought
land and air armament Issues must be
considered In any discussion of the
relative strength of navies. Italy re
affirmed her loyalty to the principle
of limitation and reduction of arma
ments. The pessimistic feeling that pre
vailed was attributed to the Japanese
demand for parity, the rivalry In the
Mediterranean between France and
Italy, the war In Ethiopia and Its sanc
tions developments and recent occur
rences in north China. Any one of
which might well wreck the confer
ence. Farley Thinks Midwest
Safe for Roosevelt
POSTMASTER GENERAL FARLEY,
In his capacity of chairman of the
Democratic national committee, called
that body to meet in Washtngtjn Jan
uary 8, when arrange
ments will be made
for the convention of
1936 and the place of
that gathering select
ed. He told the corre
spondents that the
chief bidders for the
convention would be
Philadelphia, Chicago.
St. Louis, Kansas City
and San Francisco,
anil ifontaii th. An..,
uu. -.., ll.C H '"11 .
that the first named J" Farl"v
city already had been decided upon.
He said he thought the highest bidder
wonld be selected, provided it has ad
equate convention hall and hotel fa
culties. Stories that Senator Donahey of
Ohio or some one else wonld.be given
second place on the ticket instead of
Garner were laughed at by Mr. Far
ley. He asserted that there was no
doubt about the renomtnatlon of Gar
ner for vice president Asked about
the two-thirds, rale, be said the com
mittee might recommenC Its abandon
uent, but that, any change was the
business of the' convention. Comment
ing on the Literary Digest poll, which
shows a majority In the mlddlewest
states voting against the Roosevelt
New Deal, Farley said:
"So far as the poll relates to 'senti
ment In the midwest states, like Iowa,
It Is 100 per cent wrocg." He Insisted
that the President was , very strong,
not only in that section of thi coun
try, but to every part v-"
, The President will carry as many
States next, year as he did In 1932,"
said Farley. Roosevelt carried all ex
cept six. states at that time. Farley
said he believed Roosevelt would win
the electoral vote of Pennsylvania.
3
' it
mJi rf&?t
Consumers May Purchase
Potatoes Without Fear i
CONSUMERS who buy potatoes In
regular retail establishments are
not liable to a fine as high as $1,000
if the spuds are grown and marketed
In violation of the potato; control act.
Only the first purchaser of unstamped
potatoes Is liable. This is the ruling
of the AAA, and the act may be
amended later to Include this pro
vision.
The bureau of Internal revenue regu
latlons require that the producer can
cel the stamps, after they are attached,
by writing In Ink or Indelible pencil or
by stamping his Initials and the date.
Industry Is Called Upon
to "Save the Nation"
ALFRED P. SLOAN, JR., president
of General Motors corporation,
was the chief speaker at the annual
dinner of the Congress of American
Industry In New York,
and he made an ear
nest plea to Industry
to save the country
from bureaucracy and
possible socialism.
Industry should lead
the nation away from
the fallacious theory
of plenty "to promote
the general welfare of
ail the people," Mr.
Sloan told the nation's
leading manufactur
A. P. Sloan, Jr.
ers. Should big business fall to ac
cept this "broader responsibility," It
will bring, he said, the "urge for more
and more Interference from without
government In business."
Mr. Sloan conceded the gravity and
the extreme importance of problems
of today the paramount necessity of
charting a sound course for the "long
future." He advocated:
"1 Reduction in the real costs and
selling prices of goods and services.
"2 A more economic balance of na
tional income through policies affect
ing wages, hours, prices and profits."
The meeting of the congress was
held in conjunction with the fortieth
annual convention o." the National As
sociation of Manufacturers, and the
speakers before that body were as em
phatic In their condemnation of the
economic policies of the administration
as was Mr. Sloan. President C. L. Bar
do said : "Whether we like It or not,
industry has been forced In sheer self
defense to enter the political arena or
be destroyed as a private enterprise."
Robert L Lund, chairman of the
board, said : "The New Dealers have
been forced to desert some of their
boldest experiments. This has came
to pass because the American people
have demanded a return to common
sense and sound business. American
industry has taken the leadership in
this combat"
Two Provinces of China
Are Granted Autonomy
NORTH CHINA autonomists, pup
ported by the Japanese armies.
evidently are too much for the Nan
king government, of which Chiang Kai
shek has now become the premier. The
provinces of Hopel and Chahar, with a
population of 30,000,000 or more, have
been granted virtual self-rule under a
political council. The central govern
ment 'made only three stipulations
that Nanking would continue to control
the new state's foreign affairs, finan
cial, military and judiciary matters;
that all appointments would be made
by Nanking, and that there would be
no actual Independence for the area.
Grave doubts arose over the power
of the projected regime to rule, one
rift In the northern reorganization ap
pearing Immediately with the resigna
tion of Gov. Shang Chen of Hopel.
Time, and Japan, march on.
Supreme Court Refuses
Hauptmann Case Review
BRUNO HAUPTMANN, convicted of
kidnaping and murdering the Lind
bergh baby, lost almost his last chance
of escaping the electric chair when
the Supreme court refused to review
his case. The decision was made
through the single word "Denied."
Hauptmann's attorteys had an
nounced previously that, in the event
a review was refused, they would seek
a new trial' if new evidence could be
found and would appeal for a commu
tation of the death sentence to life Im
prisonment Christmas Trade Is Far
Above That of Last Year
SANTA CLAUS Is doing big work
this year for the merchants of the
country- It Is estimated by officials of
the Commerce department that the
Christmas trade will amount to $4,500,
000,000 or half a billion dollars more
than In December last year.
Preliminary holiday trade reports
from all parts of the country to the
Commerce department Indicated that
retail trade already Is running from
S to 83 per cent higher than a year
ago.
Building Trades Unions
Reach Fine Agreement
GOOD news for the building Indus
try. President Green of ' the
American y Federation, of Labor gives
oat the word that' there will be no
more jurisdictional strikes among con
struction workers. The factions In the
building trades department of the fed
eration have found plan to prevent
workmen from delaying construction
by strikes ever Jurisdiction ;
In the future the Contractor Is to
decide which union shall do. the job
when a dispute arises, and then If a
Joint committee of the unions Involved
Is unable to adjust the difference the
question Is to be referred to a federal
judge as arbiter. ;.,,....
i j t i ,
VY V L
1 . ... ar
o uoj n
Washington. A politician without a
problem confronting him Is virtually
, unknown. Whether
Political he be a big shot in
Problem political life or Just
a ward heeler, his
life is constantly beset with diffi
culties. Those difficulties always have.
end always will force him to wiggle
and squirm and sprout additional gray
hairs.
The newest problem worrying politi
cians Is the Townsend old age pension
proposal. Promoters of that fantastic
scheme are gaining such a headway
that even James A. Farley, postmaster
general, chairman of the Democratic
national committee and chairman of
the New York state Democratic com
mittee. Is currently reported to be de
veloping frowns on his otherwise smil
ing face. When Mr. Farley begins to
get worried, there Is cause, Indeed, for
all of the other politicians, big and
little, to get worried. The Republicans
also are concerned about the Townsend
plan. But It is not quite as Important
to the Republicans as It Is to the
Democrats to take a stand on the
Townsend plan because the Democrats
are In control of the national admin
istration and obviously they are on the
defensive.
The battle being pressed by Mr.
Townsend and his satellites is no small
concern. Impossible as It is of opera
tion; doomed to ultimate failure as
such a scheme must definitely be, It
continues to expand in its scope of po
litical influence and has arrived at the
point where It constitutes a power
that must be reckoned with by all.
I am convinced that anyone who will
analyze the Townsend plan cannot
help arriving at the conclusion that It
Is comparable to the fantasy of the
"Mississippi bubble." When the Missis
sippi bubble broke, not thousands but
millions were disillusioned. If not ut
terly destroyed, and their economic
future, so glowingly painted, was com
pletely wrecked.
The Townsend plan which contem
plates payment of two hundred dollars
per month to the In
Townaena digent Is one of those
Plan things that develops
Invariably in periods
of economic distress. It Is distinctly
a product of hard times.
When people are out of work and
without resources; when they are suf
fering, they are always prey to any
and all argument offering them relief.
The conditions exact even a greater
toll, a toll leading to crime. Only a
few days ago the chief of the secret
service, W. H. Moran, told me that It
was a characteristic of hard times that
counterfeiters of currency were more
active. Idle hands will find Something
to do and the clever crook will take
advantage of the situation. While
every one who has talked with Doctor
Townsend recognizes his sincerity, his
earnest desire to accomplish relief for
the aged and Indigent population, I be
lieve It Is an Indisputable fact that
Doctor Townsend's plan would not get
to first base except for the fact that
this country now has millions of citi
zens who are almost if not quite with
out food.
The point I am trying to make Is
that Doctor Townsend's scheme. Idle
dream that it Is, has been put forward
at one of the few times In this natlon'a
history when it Is possible to amass a
following of political Importance. It
Is only In times such as these that
people would pay attention to It It
will die down and his organization
will crumsle sometime In the future
but this will not happen until It has
caused plenty of grief, until It has
wrecked political fortunes of countless
scores of men and women who guess
wrong and until probably It has pro
duced a burden of taxation upon this
nation the like of which never has
been seen before. ,
In. the forthcoming campaign, I 'be
lieve we will see numerous political
candidates,' otherwise sound In their
thinking, affirm the validity of the
Townsend plan. They will commit
themselves to Its support because po
litical maneuvers will force them Into
that position. Some of them, probably
more than we now Imagine, will be
elected to congress and they will bring
a gigantic headache to Uncle Sam who
must foot the bllL
Townsend plan supporters In all of
their preachments have consistently
talked of their proposition from Its
beauteous side. It Is susceptible of
that because it Is easy to point out
what a blessing It would be to have
each aged person receive a monthly
check of two hundred dollars from the
government
But there Is another- side to-the pic
ture. It Is basic. Where will the gov
ernment get, the money? Townsend
spokesmen have figured out a vision
ary taxation scheme to raise ' the
amount. of money required ; but the
thing they do not discuss Is the funda
mental fact that ; by their - taxation
scheme they will depreciate our na
tional currency and wlir load upon
those who are wining to work such a
burden of taxation that' soon there
will be a clamor from three out of four
of the population for some kind ef a
government payment The end then
would be obvious because after all
A
o fi rfo l a
1 F
government as such produces nothing.
All that it pays out must be taken
from those who produce.
In adverting to the Townsend plan
as I have done, I have attempted to
set forth In a man
Another ner what I believe to
Problem le one of the great
est dangers of the
present day, namely, the absence of
clear thinking. In the Townsend plan,'
as In many other problems that con
front the nation at the moment Indi
viduals seem prone to jump at conclu
sions without analyzing what condi
tions actually are and without consid
ering what the ultimate effect would be.
It seems worth while to consider an
other national problem which, though
of an economic nature and less sensa
tional In Its outward appearance, Is
nevertheless very real. This problem
concerns our transportation system,
Shortly after President Roosevelt
took office we were deluged with argu
ment that amounted to propaganda fa
voring government ownership of the
railroads. There was a reaction
against this Idea. The reaction was
so strong that few politicians dared
to unloose their demagogery In favor
of government ownership. Yet, It Is
perfectly evident that those who favor
perpetuating private enterprise which
Is always more efficient and less waste
ful than any government are In dan
ger of being lulled to sleep. Crack
pots and misguided theorists in great
numbers still favor government own
ership of the railroads. They are st,lll
working. The government ownership
problem Is not dead. It Is only con
cealed from the eyes of most of us for
the time being.
Certain developments of the past sev
eral months confirm the statement I
have Just made. Taken singly, these
developments appear Insignificant
Collectively, they are very Important
I have heard It charged that govern
ment ownership advocates have a well
laid plan to wreck private ownership
in the rail Industry. This charge goes
further. It asserts that those who seek
to destroy our profit system are pro
ceeding, piecemeal, to load a burden
of charges upon the railroads so that
in the end it will be a physical impos
sibility for the railroad corporations
to earn a profit Indeed, It Is alleged
that the scheme contemplates eventual
burdening of the rail lines to the ex-,
tent where they cannot make their ex
penses. Obviously, if that end were attained,
bankruptcy would follow. Then, there
would be no alterna
Meanm tlve but legislative
. Bankruptcy action placing the
railroads In govern
ment ownership. Our wartime experi
ence ought to be sufficient to demon
strate how the costs mount when the
government operates the railroads. It
means more taxes on every one of us
who has Income whether It be large or
small.
But to get back to the developments
mentioned earlier. Whether there ex
ists an actual plan to drive the rail
roads Into bankruptcy or not, the de
velopments certainly are subject to
that surmise. One of the Items of ex
pense, a new burden of cost that Is
proposed to be loaded on the railroads.
Is the rail pension law. I have seen
Some statistical calculations which
were convincing to me at least that
the charges proposed to be levied noon
the railroads by the law Will not work
out in the manner their proponents
claim. The bill would assess each
rail corporation S per cent of Its pay
roll and each worker would contribute
a proportionate amount of his salary
toward his pension when he retires.
Like the Townsend plan, no one can
argue against the line spirit actuating
a move to protect the retired workers.
But to go behind the figures at the
start one finds certain .astonishing
facta. Almost any way, almost any,
method, one uses to calculate this cost,
forces the conclusion that after eight
or ten years the pension system will
have expanded to such an extent that
the railroads will be carrying an an
nual charge on their payroll of not Stf
per cent but approximately IS ner
cent t think It goes without saylnr
that no industry can bear such a tax.
In addition to the pension proposi
tion, labor unions, aided by their cats'
paws In congress have kept Hp a Steady
machine gun fire, demanding first one
thing and then another from the car
riers. For instance, one of the current
demands and It is likely to succeed
In smt form Is the movement for
shorter hours for practically the en
tire list of railroad employees. . Of
course, the railroads cannot justify
working their employees longer than
eight' hours except In an emergency.
It Is possible that a seven-hour day
might be practiced.? But even a seven
hour day would mean that the rail
roads must add . to ' their operating
costs, and any Item added to operating
costs reduces the chance of the cor
porations for-an even break between
Income and outgo. : ;.,-, r;'' "'-.'
There are a number of other such
demands or movements ander way or
la the offing. - Each one means a new
burden, a new tax on the railroads.
' ItmnllmNMrVilat
bushmaster Is Deadliest ,
Serpent in Two Americas
The bushmaster, deadliest snake In
the . two Americas, Is also one of
the most delicate. Attempts to keep
It In captivity have so far failed.
Really a species of pit viper and
related to the fer-de-lance and the
rattlers, the bushmaster Is found In
South America about the Amazon
and In the Gulanas, sometimes rang
ing north to the Panama canal. It
often reaches eight feet In length, and
a specimen 12 feet long has been
measured.
Light yellow In color with brown
markings on Its back, It has the
rudiments of a rattle on Its tall Its
poison usually causes death within
ten minutes. Washington Post
For Constipation Troubles
Thousands now take Dr. Hitch
cock's Laxative Powder for bilious
ness, sick headaches and up-set
stomach due to constipation. They
find that Dr. Hitchcock's All-Vegetable
Laxative Powder is mild but
effective-lt acts gently, yet thor-j
oughly and removes that clogged
condition of the bowels. Cleanse
your Intestines of -waste matter
don't allow poisons to accumulate
and break down your vitality and
health. Family size Z5C
T
'NATURES IEST ASSISTANT"
PIMPLES
from surface conditions i
need not be endured.; '
Make your skin clearer
nd smoother with
ResinoL
BEFORE BABY COMES
Elimination of Body Wast
Is Doubly Important
In the crucial months before baby arrives
it is vitally important that the body be rid
of waste matter. Your intestines muit func-Uon-reguIarly,completely
without griping.
Why Physicians Recommend
Milneifa Wafarif
These mint-flavored, candy-like wafers are
pure milk of magnesia in solid form
much pleasanter to take than liquid. Each
wafer is approximately equal to a full adult
dose of liquid milk of magnesia. Chewed
thoroughly, then swallowed, they correct
acidity in the mouth and throughout the
digestive system, and insure regular, com-
phu elimination without pain or effort
MQnesia Wafers coma in bottles of 20 and
48, at 35c and 60c respectively, and in
convenient tins for your handbag contain
ing 12 at 20c. Each wafer is approximately
one adult dose of milk of magnesia. All
good drug stores sell andreconunend them.
Start aslng these deadens, effective
anti-acid, gently laxative wafers today
Professional samples sent tree to registered
physicians or dentists if request is made
on professional letterhead, Sstotf PradiKtt,
lac, 4403 tint St., tSngtstaiMl Ofy, N. Y.
35c & 60c
bortlas
tins
Te Original Mitt ef Macnesta Wafer
BACKACHES
caused by MOTHERHOOD
Matarnltjr Vntt a farribl strata oa a Woman's
back muscles , . . frequently eausea years of
tufferfos. Al tack's Porous Plaster doca won
ders for such backaches. Draws the Wood to '
' painful spot. Pain aoea quickly. Insist on All- .
cock's, the oriKinal. Lasts loneer. comes oil
easily. SM at drurctsts or mjtmwmim
Itch ''cd Alhlste's Fcot
One application of Hquid Kill -Germ Us
sjeraettJa Ken ka SO sMiasta. It penetrates
the pores of the akin and killa the germs of
Itch, Rinsworm, Tetter, Eczema, and Foot
rich. Poison Ivy, Poiaoa Oak. Satisfactory
rasufts or money back. Sold by drug-fista, 50c
or direct on receipt of price and 10c pitas.
CE0ICU PtPTCaCiaUtaV frsrgls
WNTJ 7
81-65
V3T?
m
M. I
M 1
X 7
Mm?'
V
a
I,,
WHLN kidney function bedly and
.vVyoe suffer a nagging backaca,
with dizuneo, burning, tcmty or too
freouent afinaUoa and getting up at '
night; when yoa fed tirxi. nerroes,
if upset ... ase Doan't Fi.lt, . -'
Doan's are especially for poorly
working kidneys. Millions of box
are an every yeas. They are fecoat-.
tended th country ever. Ask yoer
ef-' bod ... .
1