v ) i x a colncl- r ,ens Intro i ; tax amend t L 4 of another blast c Ci'i' V'n, who Jap- j one of Couzena' most t constituent, Couzena s believed In high taxes Ee has been attacked by those who laid that ) own fortune In tax ex- moment bonds, and waa not . as unselfish as.lt sir In wanting. the taxes lacomea and .corporation 'y enough,' Bernard II. Ba- ,, bitterly assailed by Father i, and apparently with , so a " .rmatIon about the only ; 1 e had right was as to the a between Gen. Hugh 8. o ' and Barunh la also an e of high taxes on the rich, J ou corporations, I mch's motive la slightly differ t t ft-oni that of Couaen..' The f mcler Is a fanatic on the subject of balancing the budget He agrees s- ore nearly with the economic and f )eal Ideas1 of Lewi W. , Douglas, former director of the budget, than with anyone else In the New Deal Incidentally, his advice on fiscal af- . fairs has never been taken, though several times asked, by the Roose velt administration. .. - ' Just before Inauguration, Baruch, . consulted as were many others about the Inaugural address, plead- ed with the president to' stress two ' joints and. only two stand by the vcolif standard and balance the budg i et The President gave a little Up service, ' for a few months, to the ' Idea of balancing the budget, but 'fce gave the hint that he would not worry about the gold, standard in the word "an adequate, but sound currency.1. . A'-- ?y (Then Went to lWope.fff 1 Baruch believed , in' cutting gov ernmental expenses, Imposing high .' , enough taxes so that receipts would . 'equal total expenditures, and no "emergency budget : He.! was jileased when his old .friend and lieutenant,' Johnson, waa appointed .at the bead of NBAi out had notn - Ing to do with that appointment As .-. matter of fact he '. immediately departed - for Europe,'' so -that' it could not be said truthfully that ' 'Johnson was Just a mouthpiece for Baruch, or Just acting as .hit erea- I ture. v j. uis is noi jusi supposition, ua- uch told friends . the chief . reason was getting out jot the country for a : while was to head . off just such talk.. And as a matter of fact It Is no secret that when he re turned to the United States he was not too well pleased with the way 'minings in gone.-- tf it,j.:tt ' Washington correspondents who ' have ' been i observing the move ments of Baruch for these many . years are rather Intrigued , at the - amount - of misinformation ; Father .OonghUn nad acquired about' the financier. " The two men differ vio lently on one tremendously Impor- t , tint Issue Inflation. ''v;s"i;.;;;j -' Baruch- is desperately against' ft tween the two. Boosevelt Is against printing press money. - He Is for '- devaluation of the gold' content of the dollar. He would like to see some International system for cms rency worked - out not now, ' but fter commodity prices have reached ' the level lie tbmks nroper.r t i cotiai atici;p; r Concern about the .cotton- sltua- ;: .tlon continues to mount in admlnls- itratlon and New Deal circles: Of U those speaking about It publicly, ' (however, the . only high official, who TeaUy gls .anything rUbe -the real . I . . a- T-v I.I f - .' He Is one of the ftwwhd openly . concede that the- government has itrled to maintain the' price of cot- - iton at too high a level that if held ' there it Is only a question' of -time mntll the rest- of the world either ifinds an acceptable substitute, or a row cotton growing area: He la one f the few who has bad the temer . 7 to talk openly about the menace f the new development in Braxll, - e known result of which already i) that certain 'important English c tton mills haves altered;, their looms a most expensive, operation, 1 -nee Indicating permanence so as to handle Brazilian Instead of Amer- I an cotton.' ' ''.,',- Secretary of Agriculture Wallace, vthlle denying vigorously that any change In the cotton program ,1a an ticipated, djd not attempt to predict . ' nt the amount of money the gov i i men t would loan on a bale of mutton in 1039" would be- as great as "t has been. - ' The amount the government will n will be cut , In other words, I -menttbps slo y. true i u driven to what It now knows t':e necessity of pegging the price c Hon lower than It hns Loen. --e of the most convinc! g points ' j the administration to this i not yet ofllclally an 3 Is not the fear of a sub 1 , or of the future dovrfop " i new area, thougli both of , rp"'i!;?id" es being real U Is tie fact that the rest v !d Is rot now bnylisg any- a t'se "'I a me .-nt of Coming right on the h- 'a of t colJnpse of the effort to I 1 r! a million bales of cott,i li a i with Germany mostly f -r I ked marks which would have I 1 to be emended Inside Ccr- J t r ex portsthe f:iii cT li -oan cotton exports bs t ven a decided boost to the preo; ue for more re ciprocal trade treaties, ' ( - Manufacturers of thla country have been warned by Secretary Koper that In this drive to provide exchange In this country for foreign countries which might buy our cob ton, and other products they must stand ready to submit to foreign competition, . It Is, not enough,1 he warned, to reduce duties on foreign goods, which do not '.compete with American factories. It Is neces sary to admit a very large volume of goods, which do compete with onr or else give up all hope of selling ouf own goods abroad. : Underneath all this pressure If one particular necessity to provide a foreign market for American cot ton. This does not mean that the gov ernment hopes to contlnue'the pres ent price of cotton by obtaining ad ditional foreign buying. It now ac cept as a fact that, it must reduce the price at part of what Is neces sary to induce foreign buying; that and provide in some way for for eign purchasing- power. 'The last, of course. Is why the government Is now pressing for reciprocal trade agreements looking to American purchases of more foreign goads. The situation has not 'been much discussed because it M so unpleas ant Nobody is expected to be hap py about it not the southern cot ton growers,' for, they must look for ward to lower prices for their sta ple, .- Not the manufacturers,, for they must look forward to keener competition, and to sacrificing part of the American market, to their foreign competitors. i: Return of prosperity, wlth great er .purchasing power in America, will help the', manufacturers, n For the cotton 'planters, - howevea, Mt would probably 'spell ; higher prices for everything they buy. ; Basinesa Salvage ;X:)-; .'-'Right tmder the smoke 'screen provided , by ' Senator Huey Long and Father Coughlln, business has eased Into Washington and run off with: more salvage than it had thought possible two months ago or even two weeks ago, s ; -For Instance due to an amazing floqd: of .propaganda repeal -of the pink slip publicity for Income taxes provision seems assured. Also the..death sentence of util ity holding companies has been re prieved to life imprisonment ror at least, discretion to do so will be re posed In goverament agencies. Also-con tractors, . scheduled , ' to be left high and dry whenever pos sible In the fonr-bllllon-dollar work relleY. expenditures, now And them selves in. such satisfactory, shape that the construction Industry, and Michael HcDonougn, of the build ing trades unions. Join In a state ment singing the praises or .-the Presidential nroeram. '.'While other big group' of contractors, the road JSullders are giving a good Imi tation of cat with" cream on its whlskei'vi--?''vr--'!).;f?v And that . would not be -all, if few more industries wake up to the situation ' and. realize what- they have to do to be saved. , Though so far not many have shown indication of so doing, i." -'-v,,t-0'i For -example,' the ' railroads, with an army- of security holders .almost as' large; as the ntllitles; bave not thought of ''making' a mas attack on individual senators anf repre sentative for what they . really want regulation of trucks ' and busses, . but ' especially trucks. '' They have" been . very ; discreet stating their case ta pompaas argn- jBenta, nd Joanlng over backward lest toey ' be- suspected of speaking In seTf-lnterest' If they would get their stbckhclders writing In to the senators nd - . representatives n whose states and districts the se curity 'holders1 vote.. there might be action very qulckly..ftv;;f-'';S',i How to .Get Results ; .- ' What the railroads should learn, and what' a good many other lines of business should, learn, is a very simple, fact about -how to- get re sults In Washington. It is a fact that was appreciated to the utmost by the Anti-saloon league. ? It .is a f act ; which .has - been appreciated for the first o time jbls session bj the utilities. 'And a fact spectacu larly '. demonstrated by, the forces fighting now for. repeal Of Income tax publicity. ; '-----b ft' -i'&Jii'. The fact Is that the average sen ator and representative can be af fected only . by backfires from his own state or district The average senator, for example, Is no more In terested In a referendum by the Na tional Chamber of Commerce on some piece of legislation than he is in -treatise on "Rhy the Ancient Assyria -did not drink .whisky In stead : of wine. Probably not . so much, -r -.....;. But he does care,-' and ' tremen dously. If half a dozen ff. the very manufacturers who voted In that referendum send him strong per sonal letters ' and wires If - the manufacturers In question live In that Ecnntor's state. And if they Induce a lot of their friends to Join the clamor, the senator seeks light as a result, very quickly, --- '- Copyricht WNU Swvloa,' ft ill Use Go.d'fPi, 'to Relire Bond Issues Public Dett to Be Reduced 675,OO0,CCD in Move hj ; ". Treasury That Is Unprecedented in Aimala : A' of Federal Financing. By WILLIAM C. UTLEY .VOLE Sam' has reached Into his Jeans for the first time to spend, In any large way, the. gold "profit" resulting from the devaluation of the dollar. By August 1 the government .will have retired two long-standing- Is sues of 2 per cent federal bonds, reducing the now staggering public debt by almost 1673,000.000 and eas ing the carrying charge of the n tlonaL-debt by $13,500,000 a year. In effecting the move, the Treas ury department will cause the with drawal of all national bank note from circulation, further concentrat ing control, of .the -currency under the federal government The act, which Is balled, as the most impor tant noanciai one or Franklin v. Roosevelt's administration and Is without precedent In the annals'of federal, financing, la in no way lu- flatlonary, according,- to - leading bankers, as well as Henry W. Mor- gentbaut secretary of the treasury, and Thomas Jefferson Coolldge, tin- der-secretary,: who ; made the an nouncement It does, however, cre ate some potential opportunity for mnatlomv.,::y',;vr'v(;-.K.j1,v;f3'..-;.-i.... r ; About $2,000,000,000 of the gold "profits,v will continue to remain In the stabilization, fund. '.The fund so far,, has-been called upon! for the larger part only for support of the dollar, on 'exchange markets. . Keeping snob a profit , "on lee" was looked-upon as a waste of resources- by the treasury. The de partment ;found that it conld 'put some of these resources to work, and i at the same,, time concentrate federal control of 'the currency, which has been one of the objec tives Of the banking bill before con gress,' by retiring bonds which carry ; the "circulation privilege.' These are bonds, which-the national banks deposit ' as collateral when they issue national bank notes. ; The government will, as ODPorto- nlty offers, substitute -federal re serve notes -for -national bank notes, of which there are $857,937,080 out standing. This will leave only three kinds of currency In .'circulation silver certificates, United States notes and Federal Reserve- notes. r Relic of Civil War Finance.:: ' The-naUoaal bank note Is relic of the financing of .the; QvU war. Before 1863, virtually all banks were Issuing "circulating notes," , whose value,, because no . law'-- made all currency Interchangeabfe at pari s it is now. varied in inverse ratio to the t geographical distance of the notes from the banks which, issued them. A note Issued; by a bank In SflVlngfleld, HL, was good for 1U face value- la Springfield, where "everrbodv and his hrnfher know ,the bank. .But In Cleveland. Ohio, Itwas worth less,4 and In Trenton, n. ntm'iiii: mat, : the need w mdre money pressing during jClvU i wat;; time, the government lagued a new kind of currency, called United 8tates notes, which their color soon earned the name "greenbacks.? Id addition to the banks which purchased war Bonds, it granted the jprtvUege of is suing another formof cprrency,; na uuuoi. xmiiK notes, xnere are stui some of the ."greenbacks" la circu lation, today, and - national - bank nates now 'make up about 10 per cent of -our currency, '. JLa ' xne latter , step bad the, double ejlvntage of selling more war bonds and unifying the currency. - It 'may .if ssily seen that unifying the ur- rency, making bank notes the same value throughout the nation, was 8nator Elmer Thomas. - " actually a vital step in unification of the country itself. . at a time jvnen the Union was In vital need r Manging xogetoer., ' .Before- i Issuing, national bank botes, banks bad to deliver to-the comptroller of the currency collat eral In the form of federal bonds which they had already bought and which -were designated as having the circulation privilege. The comp trqller then Issued to .the bank na ttona!'.. bank' notes up i to the par value of the bonds." In ease of fail ure, of the' bank ) the government would; redeem the notes out pf the bonds deposited by the bank. The T 7 issuing of the notes was. In effect, circulation of federal bonds. This was a . profitable business for the banks, for In addition to the Interest they earned on na tional bank, notes loaned out or invested, they also received inter est on the bonds deposited with the Treasury department t In the case of the bonds now to be retired, the interest was fl per cent Until July: 22, 1032, the only bonds vitftn the circulation privilege were those about Ao be retired Au gust L On that date a provision of the . Federal Home Loan Bank act allowed other bonds. totaling ap proximately $150,000,000, the circu lation privilege until July 22, 1933. Quoting directly from the report of the treasury: v " ' , ?i,J' Retires the Bends. ; "At that time the banks with cir culating -notes outstanding under this; temporary authorization will have to r replace the bonds, now Thomas Jefferson Coolldge, Under. ;-'. .: secretary of the Treasury. serving as security, with lawful money Xo retire their outstanding notes thus secured." . .. It follows, then, that retiring na tional bank notes Is, in reality, re tiring the 4onds which, secure them. ; A little over a year ago the fed eral government decided to re value the dollar. Under the Gold Reserve -act of January 81. 1934, the Treasury department acquired all the gold in the United States. I'ms metal . was then valued at $20.67 an . ounce. The government revalued It at $35 an ounce. Thus, there was still the same amount of gold in the country, but there were more' dollars for a given amount of sold, 'v-o- . - In process of revaluing gold and In that way revaluing the dollar at dh.WJ cents in goio the nation real Ized a; technical profit of , $2,812.-000,00a- Two billion dollars was placed In the stabilization fund, and ont of the' remainder congress ap propriated $139,000,000 to the Fed eral Reserve babks for loans to In dustry; of tl)ls total, $13,500,000 has been used for the purpose. " An in definite sum . was appropriated by congress - for the melting of gold coinsviestimated at $8,000,000,' and another $23,000,000 was appropriat ed for the Philippine currency fund, leaving $642,000,000. This will be nsed to retire some of the national debt The difference between 'the $642,000,000 end the $675,000,000 necessary to retire the bonds will be made np out of a special treas- nry fund. Jit 4s JteUeved. ; - The bonds which will be retired In the move are the 2. per cent consols ."consolidated 'refunding bonds" of 1030, which have been called for redemption July 1, and the 2 per' cent Panama Canal loan bonds ,.of 1918-1936 and .1918:1938, which have been -called for redemp tion August 1.- The former .Issue totals $599,724,050 and the' latter $74,901,580. Even the retirement of this sizeable total represents only a small- fraction of the public debt which; in mid-March, stood at $28,- 554,642,325, as compared With $26, 092,598,596 a year earlier. ,., . '.' Based on "Gold Profit" The treasury will retire the bonds by issuing gold certificates, based on the gold "profit," to federal re serve banks, and they, in turn, will Issue, federal reserve notes against the gold certificates, to redeem the national bank notes. ' The Treasury department estimates that It will take, about ' a year for the govern ment to acquire all the outstanding national-, bank . notes. These, of course, will Simply disappear en tirely tram "the Mtkmal ledger. h; .According to ; v unoersecretary Coolldge, this will not In any way change the goviernmenPs policy to ward gold or gold certificates, but would "merely . Increase the . num ber of such certificates held by fed eral reserve banks,? The total ovt standing amount of currency , will not be altered nf alt Federal re serve notes will simply take the place or the national .bank, notes. The country' will be freed of all bond-secured money. ? '- " V" ' 1 The only real Inflationary aspect nt the movement has been largely "pooh-poohed" by Morgenthau and Coolldge. This aspect is the power of the federal reserve banks to .Is sue more federal reserve notes, us ing the gold certificates as a base, than Is necessary to retire the na tional bank notes. Federal reserve notes need only a 40 per cent gold base; therefore they may be Issued in amount two and A half time that of the gold represented by the gold certificates. In this case the federal reserve banks technically could issue : approximately , $1,687, 600,000 against the gold certificates. Notably sharing thla view was Sen ator Elmer Thomas (Dem.), of Ok lahoma, one of the most ardent ad vocates of Inflation: he baa advo cated all along the issuance of cur rency against certificates which do not bear Interest : The financial world was Inclined to minimize the possibilities of ac tual inflation. It took the stand that no. inflation will take place because one angle of the operation will off set the other. , . Using the gold to retire the bonds, the government will be Increasing the reserves of the national banks. This in itself wobld be Inflationary, for it would expand the credit base. But - the same banks that receive these additional funds will have to put up cash for the retirement of the national bank notes which they bave Issued against tbe bonds de posited with the treasury. This will mean a loss of reserves for the banks, effecting an actual balance and leaving them with no more re serve than they had before. Standing In the way as an obsta cle to retirement of national bank notes In past years has been the fact that the banks made an extra 2 per cent profit using the notes, for they received interest on the bonds deposited In addition to the Interest earned by the money In loan or Investment. There Is but little protest expected against the action at the present time, how ever, because the banks have much more funds on hand than they can profitably lend or Invest. During the last two years they have ac tually been retiring their circula tion rapidly of their own accord. Tbe two largest banks In the coun try, the Chase National and the National City, both of New York, had no bank notes outstanding at all at the close of 1934. Stimulate Bond Market It was thought that the retire ment of the bonds might stimulate the government bond market by cre ating a demand for new Issues of the national banks to replace the re tired bonds. About the only direct harm that could come from the move was thought to be a misun derstanding of the procedure both home and abroad. Especially for eign markets might Jump to the con clusion that this was Inflation. Ac cordingly, the. government was ready the day, after the move was announced to guard the dollar on all markets with the additional gold "profits" In the stabilization fund. The government's plan was ao In dication of real confidence on the part of the Treasury department to handle bond financing In the fu ture, according to Dr. O. M. W. Sprague, former executive assistant to the secretary of the treasury. "1 bad supposed the gold profit would be held for government bonds In case they were weak," be said. Commenting on Senator Thomas' assertion that the move would re sult In an Increase of $46,000,000 Henry Morgenthau, Jr Secretary of the Treasury. . In the currency, he said: "That would be of little consequence. There Is already about $5,000,000, 000 In currency. It would be like a drop In the ocean." ' The government's nse of the gold "profit" to retire part of the national debt was without Inflationary Im plications, except as individuals in terpreted them, in the opinion of CoL Leobard P. Ayres, nationally known economist and statistician. , The -move takes-nte, progressive reality the., recent gold decision pf the United States .Supreme court It makes all money government money," be 'seld.--;;;; ' a, Tbe government's operation was generally considered a constructive one.- The chief actual: danger that may lie In it Is the precedent It sets for paying off the public' debt by cutting the value of the dollar Too: much Of that would In time result In collapse,- fr'A ! 0, Wwura Nwppr tnuoa, ' ' .-.v. : TREMENDOUS TRIFLES , .i. ....... . By ELMO SCOTT WATSON . ORDERS ARE ORDERS SIB FERDINAND GORGES was a, colonial promoter and his giwedy eye looked across the sea Into the uncharted territory of the New world. He would send a col ony there. . ,vv: ,, : Tbe earl of Warwick Agreed to be Sir Ferdinand's partner. Both gentlemen had beard rumors of n group In Leyden who were eager to be sent Into America. - This group had already purchased and manned the Speedwell and were also buy ing . the large . three-masted vessel, named the Mayflower, Tbe two titled schemers thought that here was s ready-made colony for them. Sir Ferdinand placed his own cap tain on the Mayflower. The man was one Mr. Jones, an ex-plrate. His patron had rescued him from Jai1 and be was ready to take orders. Tbe Mayflower left London late In July, 1020, wltb Captain Jones and a rowdy crew. They were to meet the Speedwell, out from Leyden, and then tbe two boats were to proceed to Virginia or so their passengers thought. The ex-plrate had other orders from his master. Twice the Speedwell sprang a leak and twice put back for re pairs. Members of her crew later confessed that they bad deliberate ly caused the damage because they knew tbe vessel was headed for New England. Finally, In September, the May flower sailed. After a perilous trip land was sighted, but It was not the Virginia coast that the passen gers' patrons had promised. The Pilgrim "'leaders insisted that Cap tain Jones take them southward, but he refused and headed for the dangerous waters of Cape Cod. Sir Ferdinand's orders were orders I TREMENDOUS STOMACH ACHE FRANCE was passing through a political upheaval after the fall I, of the Second Empire during the Franco-Prussian war In 1870. The Monarchists were determined to rule, but sentiment for a republic was strong. The national assembly which would decide the issue, was almost evenly divided, with a slight edge in favor of the Monarchists. The vote was to be taken on June 30, 1875. As the roll of the assembly was called tbe whole atmosphere was tense with excitement, for the balloting was very close. There was no sound in tbe cham ber but the grave voice of the pres ident He called the name of Mon sieur Leurant There was no an swer. The absurdities that interfere with politics were Operating to pre vent bis response. Deputy Leurant had a stomach ache that morning, a bad one. He managed to sit through the preliminaries, suffering with the griping pains of colic, but finally be could stand It no longer. The president called bis name In vain. Leurant's vote would have been for tbe Monarchists as he was known to be unswerving In his de votion to this form of government. While he was absent the assembly was deadlocked, 352 to 352. Finally, as was constitutionally provided for In such emergencies, the president cast his vote ... In favor o( the republic. France might still be a monarchy. If It hadn't been for this stomach ache. LITTLE GADGETS BIG MONEY KING GILLETTE, looking at the nicked chins of American men and counting up the millions of hours tbe; spent In stropping their razors, devised a safety razor with replaceable blades. His profits are said to have been $2,500,000 a year for several years. B. F. Sturtevant devised a wood en shoe peg which was much cheap er and Just as satisfactory as nails. It made $6,000,000 for him. Hyman Llpman made $100,000 out of ether persons' mistakes. He put rubber tip on the end of a lead pencil so they could rub out their errors of spelling, grammar, etc, and start over again. Samuel Rlschbaum, a tailor, had managed to save $120. , He Invested the whole amount In a new gadget a hook and eye arrangement for dresses. Within a few years his $120 had grown to $12,000. .- Jeremiah Geary, a plumber sold his shop and invested the proceeds, $600, in a gas mantle, That Invest ment Sid big divtdnAg-$5O0OQO, SO it IS SBld. ' 'V.AYVV;:- Joseph Glidden, a farmer, may or may not have been the first to think of twisting short pieces of sharply cut wire' at regular Intervals around iither strands of wire, but 'he made 11,000,000 out of bis barbed wire business. Later he Invented a new type of farm gate and within .two vears it showed a profit of $150,000. $ Invent a little gadget that the innllc wants and make big money ut of It If you're lucky I - -,;.j,j..( wt Nmppr Uatank v.v'lH' ' TREASURE IN KETTLE A i kettle ' unearthed In a forest neaf Leningrad, recently, was found to' contain J1.000 coin of -many countries, all dating from the Elev enth century or earlier. . 4ii m 1 L.J I - J ' ' no appetite?' lerroasf losing mightf pale? -,':K : tten don't gamble vitn your bodj WHY not reason out the cause ct this unnatural condition? Your first thought may be, "I must est more." Thaf s not alL You should enjoy what you do est Frequently, the blood cells are low... and thi perhaps, Is What makes von feel weak, ' If this is your trouble the stomach -may not be calling for sufficient food. Zest to eat may be lacking. But what, a difference S.S.8. makes when taken 1 just before meals. Just try it and , notice how your appetite and diges tion improve. S.S.S. stimulates the flow of gastric juices and also supplies the precious mineral elements so necessary- in blood-cell and hemo-glo-bin np-bufld-Ing. Do try It It may be the rainbow you need to brush away present dis couragement over your health condl- uun. Makes you leellike yourself again Keep Out ef Them I How little sympathy a man gets In lovers' quarrel. , YOUR NEIGHBORS WILL ENVY Don't take a back seat when it comes to grow ing flowers. Plant Ferry 's Purebred Flower Seeds and your garden will be the envy of every one in your neigh borhood. They are pure bred seeds the off spring of generations of perfect plants. WNC 1 1339 Suffered From Tetter on Hands Relieved by Cuticwa "I suffered for two or three years with tetter on my hands. If I did any work they would bleed and be come irritated, and I could not bear to pot them tn water. They were dirty-looking all the time. ' "I tried different remedies, but thfiV failed, an 1 unt tnr a fHM sample of Cutlcura Soap and OIm , Day OUJ.Ua Jj i wifrmfi"f(f-rviiniTiiin IS FLOWERS ment I purchased more and after using one cake of Cutlcura Soap . and one box of Cutlcura Ointment my hands were entirely relieved." "' (Signed) Miss Mary Pratt, B, 8, New Market Tenn. . Soap 25c. Ointment 25c and: 50c. Talcum 25c. Sold everywhere. One '' sample each free. Address: "Cud- , cure Laboratories, Dept B, Maiden, MassAdv,; :x,-i?s: ' ' iiK'&ftiNi5'i:-:;:;i'' "."" - ? V t 1' s "1 Si, ,4 ;-T7Tl TTPl il"

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