[Special
I Article
1 x ;
? Revolution in Farming Methods
? Threatens Social Stability of
I Agriculture ,
I By HUGO S. SIMS ?
I American agriculture, according to
V some experts in Washington, is
| facing a revolution which threatens
I to be as far-reaching as the indus
I trial revolution which completely al
tered the economy of production in
the last half-century.
Already three congressional com
mittees are studying the fundamen
tal economic conditions , which are
transforming agriculture. They in
clude:
Nation-Wide Problem
(1) A Senate Labor Sub-Commit
tee, headed by Senator LaFollette,
which has already instituted hear
ings on the farm-labor problem.
Preliminary inquiry as to the mi
gratory farm-labor situation in Cali
fornia convinced the committee that
the problem was "not an isolated
one."
(2) The House of Representatives
unanimously appropriated $25,000 to
enable a five-man committee to study
the migrant worker problem in all
states and recommend subsequent
legislation.
(3) The Temporary National Eco
nomic committee has heard testimony
that technological advances are cre
ating unemployment in the farming
industry, that the trend is continu
ing and that the whole American
farm way-of-life is involved in the
increasing use of farm machinery.
*? AAA AAA n. 1 _
A Threat to 3Z,uuu,uuu rwpie
The LaFollette sub-committee ad
mits that investigation of the Cali
fornia situation caused it to alter
its whole base of attack on the prob
lem, which is "national in scope
and centers around the use of labor
saving machinery and large-scale
operations which threaten to dis
place increasing numbers of the 2,
000,000-odd farm tenants and 800,
000 share-croppers in the great
wheat, corn and cotton belts.
Louis H. Bean, of the Department
of Agriculture recently told the
Temporary National Economic Com
mitte that in 1939, the 32,000,000
persons living on farms were able to
supply the needs of fifty to seventy
per cent more urban dwellers than
the same number of farm people
supplied thirty years before. Of
the farm population, he said, a larg
er proportion are unemployed, un
der-employed or economically under
efficient than was the case thirty
years ago.
Machinery Replaces Man and Beast
Mr. Bean pointed out that in
creased farm productivity per unit
of labor ia doe to a number of fac- ]
tors, including the use of, machinery, 1
improvement in livees&ck breeds, i
farming practices, crop needs and 1
labor efficiency. Other witnesses :
stressed the effect of tractors,
which have cut labor requirements
and greatly reduced the use of hon
es and mules.
Sherman F. Johnson pointed out
that the Horse and mule population of
the country has declined from 25,- .
000,000 in 1920 to 15,000,000 in 1939.
Naturally, decrease in livestock^
means decreasing consumption of
feeds raised on the farms. Tractors,
it is unnecessary to point out, do not
conume farm products.
Mechanization is Widespread
Paul Taylor, economist at the Uni
versity of California, stressed the
gigantic change which has come
about through the introduction of
machinery as the agent of agricul
ture. Mechanization was expected
when a mechanical cotton-picker
was perfected, but it did not wait
for the new invention. The utility
tractor and its auxiliary machinery
has already devolped large-scale
mechanized farms in nearly twenty
states. <
Professor Taylor discussed vari
ous sections of the country where
mechanization is leading to large
scale farming. He summarizes the
situation as follows:
Western Cotton Belt: Landlords
replacing tenants with tractors and
hired labor over large areas; small
farmers may go next; machinery
has increased the amount of crop
land that can be handled by a farm
family from one hundred to approx
imately four hundred and fifty
acres.
? ? ? T 3. n..tnr
Plantation vxjuoii uauu. j
displacement of share-croppers not
ed, being replaced by machinery,
and wage laborers "being swept
from plantations." Displaced Ne
groes flock to surrounding towns.
Wheat Belt: Combine harvester
and tractor are displacing farmers
who "manufacture" wheat. Some
states feport displacements of more
than two-thirds of these workers.
Corn Belt: Undergoing rapid
merhanization, with consequent dis
placement of laborers, expansion of
farms, wage laborers replacing ten
ants and small farmers being crowd
ed out.
The same trend is noted in i;he
fruit and vegetable industry where
mechanization and eeconomic de
velopment has, at times produced
"bitter strife."
Farm Migrants Everywhere
Professor Taylor expressed the
fear that unless something is done
about the problem, there will be
such unrest as, to threaten our de
mocracy.
The LaFollette committee said
that the "nomadic farm migrant" is
; a problem In at least fifteen states,
? besides California, and is not con
; fined to one region as popularly sup- '
posed. The committee believes thst
the nation feces the necessity of re
stating its national' ideals in regard
to fi>e place of agricultural workers
In society, t
Farmville Retail Lum
ber Yard
? ;.V. .7" ^ *. ? ? ? J I . 1
Manufacturers and Retailers of
Rough and Dressed Lumber.
A complete line of rough and dread
ed lumber, mouldings and building
material are carried in abundance by
this well known and popular estab
lishment, which is owned and operat
ed by Mr. George E. Creekmur, a
prominent lumberman of Farmville,
who managed the Earmville-Wood
ward wholesale plant here for four I
years. Mr. Creekmur has been en-1
gaged in the lumber business for over
forty years, being connected with
large concerns In Arkansas and Mis- |
souri before coming to Farmville. |
His place of business is located near
the Norfolk Southern Station, and
carries a complete stock at all times,
and can supply your every need on a
moments notice. Patronize home in
dustry, make your home section a |
prosperous one by buying from
"Homefolks" and keeping home mon
ey in circulation in your community.
Forty years experience as a lumber
man qualifies Mr. Creekmur to serve
the public efficiently, with the best
grade material, and always at rea- L
sonable prices. Buy your lumber and f1
building material from this progres- 1
ave concern, who appreciates your *
patronage, whether you buy one 1
plank or a carload. r
SQUALUS RECOMMISSIONED j
Portsmouth, N. H.?Just a week ^
and a day short of the anniversary of
its sinking off the coast of New ]
Hampshire, with a loss of 26 lives, *
the submarine Sailfish, formerly
known as the Squalus, was put in j
commission. Twelve former mem
bers of the Squalus crew are includ- '
ed in the present crew.
ANGRY WAITER KILLS 3 1
! 1
Martins Ferry, Ohio.?Refused a ^
small loan by his employer, William
Sevastis, 63-year-old restaurant wait
er, went beserk and turned a pistol 1
on the proprietor of the restaurant 1
and customers and fatally wounded !
three men, seriously wounding two
others. * I
EXCHANGE MATES
Los Angeles.?Following divorce
suits in which two husbands-charged
the other had stolen his wife's af- ,
fections and the wives similarly ac
cused each other, the two couples ex
changed mates. William Ingels mar
ried Mrs. Isabella Farmer and Fran
cis C. Farmer married Catherine In
gels.
HAPPY BIRTHDAY TO ... .
THE FARMVILLE ENTERPRISE
ON THEIR THIRTIETH ANNIVERSARY!
Protect Your Farm!
jfr . # -
Millions of dollars are
? ?
paid every year to farm
ers for Hail Damage!
I We Urge You To
I I Insure from Plant
I | ing To Harvest...
I ^ome Us... Let's Talk It Over;
I
HOME OF POLLARD AUTO COMPANY
Conference Is Held
Weed Amendment
Growers Hold Meet with
Congressmen; Amend- j
ments Adopted By
Delegation
1 i
The conference called by Congress- j
nan Harold D. Cooley between Sena- \
?ra and Congressmen from tobacco ,
growing states and growers from the j
various tobacco states proved to be ,
i very harmonious affair. More than (
LOO growers representing various or
ganizations were present from Ken- ;
ucky, North Carolina, Georgia and ;
Florida.
Prior to the conference in the after- ;
joon with Congressmen, farmers met |
n' the Department of Agriculture at :
LO a. m. with J. B. Hutson, assistant j
idministrator of the AAA and J. E. ;
rhigpen, chief <?f the tobacco section j
uid elected J.'E. Winslow, president |
>f the N. C. Farm Bureau, as chair- j
nan of the meeting, for the purpose i
if going over the proposed tobacco j
amendments in detail. :
W. E. Fenner, president of the ;
East Carolina Warehouse association, \
ivns called on to read all the amend- j
ments to the group, after which each j
amendment was discussed in detail. ;
Some few minor changes were made j
in the amendments. The principal :
charge was to the effect that the ;
ballot should provide for farmers ;
roting whether or not they favored :
marketing quotas and provided a bal- j
lot as to whether or not they favored j
three year control. In the original |
draft it only provided for them vot- '
ing on more than one year, not to j
exceed three years. /This was re
quested on the part of the growers j
in order to simplify the ballot. All
of the amendments, including the j
changes, were unanimously adopted
by the growers in the morning and
presented to the afternoon joint ses
sion of Senators, Congressmen and
farmers.
"Harold D. Cooley, a member of
the House Agricultural Committee,
presided over the afternoon session
and called on J. B. Hutson and J.E.
Thigpen to explain the final drafts of
the tobacco amendments. ,
Following these explanations J. E.
Winslow was called on to discuss
the amendments in general. He ex
plained to the Senators and Congress
men present that the amendments as
presented by Mr. Hutson had been
unanimously adopted by the farmers
present, as representing not only the
views of those present but the views
of those back home, stating that if
they were not satisfied that the
amendments represented the ^ de
sires of the majority of the growers
that they would be glad to present to
them petitions from the growers if
they desired. Mr. Cooley and other
Congressmen assured Mr. Winslow
that with the information he had giv
en them coupled with the infqrma
tion on hand, was sufficient evidence
of the wishes of growers in general.
KNITTING NEEDLE KILLS
WOMAN , .
Watertown, N. Y.?When-Mrs. Mat
tie Switzer, 68, tripped as she was
leaving the home of her employer,
her knitting needle, parried in a bag,
pierced her chest ?nd heart She
died three hours later.
Pollard Auto Company
Distributors for Ford V-Eight,
Mercury and Lincoln Motor
Cars
The home of the Ford in Farm
ville, is the Pollard Auto Co., which
have* been Ford distributors for the
past nineteen and one half years, and
is one of the outstanding auto firms
in this section of the State. W. A.
Pollard and J. 0. Pollard of the firm
are pioneer auto dealers in this sec
tion, and have built the reputation of
heir business on a solid rock founda
tion of fair and square business deal
ings, and enjoy a nice patronage,
vhich they have so honorably merit
ed. Associated with the firm are C.
H. Mozingo, J. C. Sawyer, and G. M.
Holden, in the sales division?L. A.
Flowers has charge of the repair de
partment, G. R. Smith is stock clerk
and H. 0. Gardner is bookkeeper.
Trade at home, with your home Auto
Dealers and keep Farmville money in
circulation in this community.
Religion, as we understand it, in
volves a way of life.
iiimiimiiiummimimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiii
JAP TRADE
In 1939, Japan bought American
goods to the value of $251,000,000
and sold to the United States goods
valued at $167,000,000. The sharp
rise in the value of Japanese raw
silk enabled Japan to reduce the ex
cess of imports over exports with
the United States from' $140,000,000
in 1938 to $94,000,000 in 1939.
lllllllllllMllllllllllllfllllllltlllllllllllll [LH
> LIBERAL
TERMS
L <1
Happy
Birthday
To The
Farmville
Enterprise
On Their
THIRTIETH
ANNIVERSARY
M1ZELLE ELECTRIC CO.
'
OUR BEST WISHES
For A
HAPPY BIRTHDAY
To The
FARMVILLE ENTERPRISE
/
"Watch The
FORDS
Go By!.. "
????'
Drive! and Own ... ?<
A New Ford V-8
The Best Buy in the Low-priced Field!
SEE THE 1940 MODELS
-IN'
FORD V-EIGHTS
AND
MERCURYS
WE HAVE MANY MODELS IN THESE BEAUTIFUL
CARS ON DISPLAY IN OUR SHOW ROOMS.. . . A
FREE DEMONSTRATION AT ANY TIME!
- 1 I
I. See Our Used Cars!
1 c
We Have Many Exceptional Good Buys in Late Model
Cars At VERY MODERATE PRICES...
??TERMS TO SUIT YOUR CONVENIENCE??
Pollard Auto Co.
. FARMVILLE, NORTH CAROLINA
' *
WE CONGRATULATE
THE FARMVILLE ENTERPRISE
On Their Completion of 3Q Years as
SUCCESSFUL PUBLISHERS
' v ?
Manufacturers and
V , ? , ? . j ? .
h ?"? ? r { j.m _?? ?.
Retailers of...
Rough and Dressed Lumber
MOLDINGS and BUILDING MATERIALS
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