W. F. MARSHALL, Editor md Proprietor.
VOL. XXVII.
~-i. es?gg^nag‘^Bggsa ——■—■—■»»■
■ Katana's vbooltnraabnt lor him- jL
II trs but kitw 11—
Wlto always pots. with all bis via, "T»
HU ahuoltUf to It"
_ r T
4*
tAnd the main impetus of making the wheel of
Fortune roll the way you want It is Saving. ^
^ Bnt there arc ways and way* of saving. ^
4» Ocpwtorc geccfrc Ertry Cmideratiea 4>
t CITIZENS NATIONAL BANK i
-t--*-1 Hi t 11 i kit i i i i i t i i
WHEN EARTH TREMBLES.
What Cuan Shock* Thai Da*
•tray WhoU Cities — Short
Wavao, bat Hlfh Spaed.
BaHioors Hub.
Earthquakes have been from
the earliest times among the
most terrifying of natural phe
nomena. The manifestations
vary from slight tremors of the
earth that arc so frequent in
Central America as to be scarce
ly noticeable to the terrrible
shocks with tidal waves that
have in a moment destroyed
great cities like Lisbon and
ancient Gantemsla. While
Caracas and Lisbon were shaken
down almost in the twinkling of
an eye. the earthquakes in Cala
bria that began in 1873 con
tinued for a period of four years.
Scientists say that an earth
quake begins at some point of
subterranean shock called the
centrum and travels in waves,
with gradually dimisbing energy,
in every direction from this
point. These foci, they
state, are commonly at depths
of eight to ten miles below the
surface of the earth and rarely
as deep as 25 or 30 miles.
The earthquake shock appears
to be transmitted through rock
in two waves—one of the com
pression wave vibrating parallel
to the direction of transmitsion.
The waves are of small ampli
tude. The gToncd moves up
ward or downward, or obliquely
or horizontally, usually through
a very small fraction of an inch
and seldom through a space of
more than two or three inches.
The destruction of the earth
quake is dependent more on
velocity than on amplitude of
the wave movement. With great
velocity a movement of» small
fraction of. an inch will shatter
brick buildings. Professor
Milne concludes that the velocity
of shocks varies from a few hun
dreds to several thousands of
feet in the same time, though
other other investigators esti
mate the velocity at the rate of
almost a mile a second.
Not infrequent earthquakes
are accompanied by great tidal
waves. When Lisbon was de
stroyed • great wall of water
swept from the sea and broke
over the city. A submarine
earthquake near the coast of
Japan gave rise to set waves
which swept across the Pacific
ocean at the terrific rate of 370
miles an hour. In the earth
quake at Simoda, Japan, the
water swept up to a height of
over 30 feet, while In a similar
disturbance at Sun Diego, Cat.,
the rite in the height of the
waves was only six inches.
The Charleston earthquake of
1888, the moat severe ever felt
in the eastern section of the
United States, was felt over an
area ot J.UUU by 800 mile*, the
tremor being fait from Missouri
to Canada.
Authorities differ as to the ex
act cause of earthquakes, though
their intimate connection In
many instances with volcanic
eruptions baa been conclusively
established. Lava in eruption
contains a large quantity of
steam and often this castes ex
plosions, throwing the lava and
rocks high into the air. In ai
least one instance this force wm
sufficient to blow the entire top
off a mountain, and what was
once the cone of the Krakatoa
Mountain is now covered by 250
felhoms of wstcr.
But there arc many earth-,
quakes on record that apparent
ly are not associated with vol
canic eruption*. These are ex
CUscd by geologists as caused
cooling oil of ike earth's sur
face, a process that lias been go
ing on for thousands of years
and by the aettliog of tbecrost
of the earth This process hat
beta SO gradual In its nature and
so enonneae in exteat that
gaologlatfl bold that the com par
•lively few earthquake shocks
that have taken place are but
mere incident* in the general
contraction of the earth's sur
face.
Karthquakes are so frequent
in some parts of the world that
these have been marked out as
danger cones. Alt volcanic di»
tricta. aucb ac Naples and the
vicinity of Vesuvius, the Island
of Martinique, St. Thomaa and
St. Vincent, in the West Indies,
and most ol Central America arc
subject to frequent tremors of
the earth. "The large earth
quake belt” includes the conn
triea along the Mediterranean
Sea, the Azores, the West In
dies, Central America and the
Sandwich Islands, Japan, cer
tain parta of China, portions of
India, Persia and Asia Minor.
This fqrms a belt extending al
most ground the world.
California and the lower Pa
cific Coast baa never been en
tirely free from tremors and
slight shocks have been reported
from time to time throughout
that entire region. There have
been several shocks at San
Francisco and Sau Diego. The
whole of the Lower California
province of Mexico is subject to
such disturbances.
OHi Midi 6tlftil|.
CkulotU ObMVYtr.
Next Saturday, May 12th,. tbe
election will take place to de
termine whether or not Rocking
ham county shall issne $300,000
worth of bonds for macadamiz
ing her roada. To an Observer
reporter yesterday, one of the
visitors, a prosperous looking
intelligent farmer, stated that;
the. opposition to the bond issue,
which was very vigorous at first, j
is gradually dying out. During
the past several months, a nura-1
her of well-known cilisensof tbe
contity have visited Mecklen
burg connty and have seen for
themselves what the roads are
and what good they have done.
Several of those who came were
oppoaedto tbe measure before
they left borne but returned con
verted. Within the past several
weeks, the general sentiment
had turned and those favoring
the bond issue were confident of
carrying it.
Excellent Temperance Condi
tinas.
Biblical Icnnkt.
We need to be constantly re
minded that we have in North
Carolina excellent temperance
iawa and condition*—the very
beat in the Nation, we think.
Let’s ace.
We have State prohibition in
the rural districts and in' unin
corporated towns.
In Incorporated towna we
have local option—the univer
sally approved method of ad
ministering the drink evil where
population ia numerous.
In our local option we have
choice of saloons or dispensary
or prohibition, giving ua the
desired elasticity. That is to
say, there are placet that am
not ready for prohibition. lo
them we may sat np dispen
saries. There are other places
whert prevailing sentiment
f’tvora the saloon. In them are
.nay carry on our work of edu
cation.
We have less than 250 saloons
in tha entire State and only
nine dispensaries.
Question: Will it not be
better to close these saloons and
dispensaries slowly by educat
ing sentiment than by a State
prohibition enactment, which if
not approved by a majority, say
in Wilmington, Asheville, or
Salisbury, would certainly not
be sustained Beers of law?
If we should them by local
public sentiment, they woold
stay closed; if vi should clone
them by State law, they would
only ran to eover. In tima wa
win certainly clout them.
. .. ' ">
SUE KHAN’S JMABCH REVIVED.
A March »l Baglas awl Inis my
that wm a Shame ta the Ualeo
Ml Should be Forget!eu.
Rlctnooml New»X»*4»r. V»r *.
Father Shennan, now ol the
Catholic clmrcb and son of
General William Tccitnueh
Sherman, doubtless ia a very
good tuati and worthy gentle
man. bnt be and General Duvall,
cotnmaudiug the Uoited State*
troop* at Atlanta, Go., have
concocted between them a most
miserable mesa. Father Sher
man started out to follow from
Atlanta the course of hi* father's
march to the sea. General
Duvall furnished him with an
escort of soldiers.
If there is one episode of the
Civil war which the whole conn
try should wish to have- for
gotten it is Sherman's match to
the its. It was far more dis
graceful and shameful than
Sheridan's devastation of the
Valley of Yitginia. For the
latter there was a plea of mili
tary necessity because the Valley
was one of the great centers and
snarces of food supply for the
Confederate army. The rnin
which Sherman left in bis wake
nuima ana 10c aiuduc
w«* wanton, unprovoked, in
excusable, savage. It is ill
work to speak evil of the dead,
bat it is a fact written on the
landscape, punctuated and em
phasized by hundreds of black
chimneys standing to mark the
sues of peaceful homes, that the
army under General Sherman’s
command was changed from an
army of soldiers to a body of
bummers, rob bet s and maraud
ers. Generally the actual per
sons of white women were re
st»ected, bnt with that exception
no invasion of Goths or Huns or
vandals was worse or more ruth
less than Sbermau's foray through
Georgia and South Carolina. It
was a personal disgrace to the
commanding general which will
cling to bis name forever, a
shaiue to the Union, its army
and its (lag. In multiplied in
stances helpless women and chil
dren were routed from their
homes at the point iof the bayo
net and the torch applied when
robbery and plunder bad ex
hausted themselves and even the
little sacred family and honse
bold relies and trinkets hat) been
itoleu and carried away. We of
the Souths try to forget these
tliiugs, as in honor bound. The
people of the whole conutry
should do likewise. It is well
for os to put that (anions aud in
4 a m nn ■ msw<li Sa - l_ _ • j
us as a dark evil snd horrible
dream. Why Father Sherman
should have sought to revive the
memory of it for himself or any
body else we cannot imagine.
If he had gone quietly along
his father's trail of rapine and
infamy little would have been
said of it or thonght of it, and
while the people of the South
might have wondered a little,
they would have se^ it down as a
mere matter of curiosity and idle
adventure. Father Sherman
would have found himself
among a kindly and hospitable
people not given to visit*
ing the sins of the fathers
upon the children and ready to
welcome him and send him on
his way. not enthusiastically but
with the good nature and hos
pitality usually accorded to
strangers, and particularly to
those urearing the garb of a
Christian church. The presence
of an escort of troops, however,
made his jouroev not only an in
trusion but sn affront little short
of outrage.. It appeared to be an
implication that in that country
be needed protection. Futher
morr, it was a kind of gloating
parade and conspicuous remind
er of humiliation, destruction
and shame. General Dnvall’i
explanation that be sent two of
ficers and eight enlisted men to
study the former operations of
the army, the officers to read the
result of their observations to
their school at headquarters, is
flimsy. Tbs campaign has been
studied, described and expound
ed by those who conducted H
and by experts of all aksdes ol
opinion these fotty years past.
President Roosevelt, with hii
usual good sense, good feeling
and good taste, evidently trying
to spare tha feeling* of all con
cerned. has ordered the trip tc
be curtailed. In doing so )u
does better service for the North,
the arrav, the Union and ths
name of Sbennan than for thi
Sooth. The harden of the hot
ror and the shame of the marc!
to the sea ia on the memory ant
name of 8herman and on thi
troopa he commanded and ae<
on the victims whose bnrncf
homes and destroyed fortune!
mark hW pathway. Tha peopli
of tbe South know that in thi
minds of stl students of history
a vivid contrast will arise be
tween Sherman'* march to the
*ca and Lce'ii march through
Pennsylvania Under Sherman
an army magnificently equipped
and provided moved through a
Peaceful and conqnered country,
leaving a trail of (making min*
and desolation behind thetn and
carry ing with them loads of loot.
Under Lee ragged and ill-fed
troop* were led tbrongh a rich
and tempting country ond left
behind them the ripe fruit hang
ing nntonched oti tbe tree* and
hardly a fence rail disturbed.
But a few weeks ago the Con
federate veterana of Virginia
stood at attention at tbe bier of
a Confederate officer who dis
obeyed the order to burn tbe
town of Cbambersburg, Pa., as
so act of warlike retaliation, de
claring that the destruction of
the property of nou-combatanta
was oo work for a joldicr and a
gentleman, and hia splendid
mutiny was held by his own peo
ple to be tbe most honorable
episode of an honored career.
But General Sherman put tbe
torch to Columbia and hit sub
sequent denial of it while it
proved the survival of hia sense
of shame added to hia iufamy.
It is not tbe people of the
South who should thank the
president for stopping the ill
starred, ill-advised expedition of
General Sherman’s soo. It is
the people of .the North and tbe
surviving soldiers of the Union
who owe him thank*.
Jndgo Connell Formes the Bight
Conroe.
Oollikon Ann.
. Our police officers soy that
sioce the recent term of Superior
court, blind tigers have been
scarce and hard to find. We
would like to bave Judge Council
with ua just oue more court and
tome juries like we had at the
last term and whiskey yelling
will he a thing of the past in
Goldsboro He deals with crimi*
uala in manner calculated to
teach them to respect and obey
the law.
Hr. Bryan and Banker Bill.
Charleston KiviudCwnn.
When William Jennings
Bryan was in London a guide
showing him over an arsenal
■aid, with a malicious chuckle,
as he pointed to a pair of rusty
canuoa:
I suppose you know where we
got thoae?"
"No. Where did yon get
them?" Mr. Bryan asked.
"Why," said the guide, "we
took them from you Yankees at
Bunker Hill."
Mr. Bryan smiled.
"I ace," he said. ‘You’ve got
the cannon, but we've got the
bill."
Frlc* «f Bess* Up.
BliU«rUl« f^ndattflu
A number of persons from
Mitchell county were up in the
F .i*1 Court lest week for
retailing. Almost every term of
court there are retailing cases
t™! *J»e B'k Park section of
Mitchell. Judge Boyd ia not
disposed to handle these cases
when he can avoid it. He
thinks the retailers should be
looked after by the local autho
ritie* and he is right. But they
prefer to come to the Federal
Court when they can, for the
Federal Court is less severe on
retailers than the State courts.
And then witnesses get $} .50 a
day and mileage for coming all
the way from Mitchell to States
ville, more than 100 miles, to
testify that somebody sold s
Quart of brandy. It’s a big trip
and good pay for the witnesses
but it ia almost ridlcalou* for the
government to hsve to pay for
$50 or more in coats to convict
somebody of selling s quart of
liqudr when these cases could be
and should be bandied by the
local authorities.
The Blk Park section of
Mitchell is notorious for wo
men who retail liquor. There
were two in the court last week
and one bore the nnusual name
f%4 f^arHrtr rim Aaswol A-_ _ t
these women bad been pun
ished by tbe State court bit
some Federal official, doubtless
with with au eye single to ices,
bad sent her all the way to
9tateaville for trial.
Bat all this ia preliminary to
savins that tbe moat noticeable
thing abont the retailing cases
from Mitchell la that the price
of the ardent has "rls." illicit
dealers have taken advantage of
the restrictions to put up the
price. Two or more witnesses
who testified to buying brandy
from different peraon* stated
that they had paid H ft quart,
i This la an increase of 50 to 75
i cents per quart and means that
1 brandy la aearcc or the retailers
’ have formed a trust to get more
• money for the ride they incur.
OUAHANTEE BOND ISSUE.
Prim People to Ask Tkle el
Ceagrssc—Prepesed to Plaal
I2M.M0 MM
CfcarloOa CktuoicW.
San Frunciaco, May 3.—Vic
tor H. Metcalf. Secretory oi
Commerce and Labor, who la
here n the personal representa
tive of the President, will be re
quested to ley before President
Roosevelt and the Cabinet npon
returning to Washington the
plan proposed by former Mayor
James D. Phelan of having the
government guarantee a large
municipal bond issut by
Francisco for the purpose of
rebuilding tbe city.
It is proposed that San Fran
cisco shall issue municipal
bonds in the sum of $200,000.
000 to ran a series of years
the payment of which is to be
guaranteed by tbe United
me money is to oe
mtd in rebuilding the burned
sections sod otherwise rehabil
itating tbe city. In order to is
sue »ucb s loan it will be neces
sary to amend tbe charter end
have the Legislature remove any
other obstacles that may be in
the way.
Next to electric lighting the
street car system is making the
most rapid progress in restoring
its lines. Last night gangs of
aicn were working in tbe
burned districts repairing tbe
tracks and replacing the twisted
and warped rails by the light of
torches, lanterns and locomo
tive bead lights.
The two weeks that have
elapsed since the day of tbe
earthquake have witnessed a
transformation from chaos to
regular order. The nnbnrned
region has been nearly re
stored to its condition and
bouse wives are permitted to re
turn to their kite bens to cook,
after the required inspection of
chimneys, the streets will have
tbeir natural appearance.
In the homed area each day
brings its added share of im
provement and tbe great task
of cleaning up has been merely
started.
Coroner Walsh says: "When
tbe debris is cleared away, there
will be at least a thousand ad
ditions to tbe death roll. I
will not be surprised if tbe
number reached 1,500.*
ORE or THE WORST EMITS.
Dr. J. I. Alexander lecelle the
Battle el Chucellarevllle-A
Beer Day la the He spit ml
Teat.
C bat lotto Cbramlrto. tod.
"To-day is the anniversary of
tbe battle of Cbancellorsville,
one of tbe worst fights of the
entire war," remarked Dr. J. B.
Alexander, surgeon of the 37th
North Carolina Regiment, this
morning. "It was tbe day after
Jackson was mortally wounded.
"I remember it very well—jtsU
43 years ago to-day. Tbe son
was not two boors high before
1 bsd 13S wounded men on tbe
operating tables aronud me—and
every mother’s son of them
were members of tbe 37th. 1
worked all that day, dressing
wounds, probing for balls and
chopping off legs and arms. In
fact, I was so busy that it never
occurred to me until dark that
it wee Sunday.
"1 never win forget one poor
fellow —e man named Starnes,
of Company I., whom they
brought tn with a'bill in the
centre'of bia forehead. He was
terribly wounded, but he was
conscious. His eyes followed
me around tbe tent all morning.
I never will forget those eyes,
the way they stared at me.
Yen. be died along In the mom
lug before we ever got to him.
"Along in the morning I was
summoned from my tent by an
ambulance man who said there
wea a fellow in the ambulance
wao wouldn't let 'em move mm.
1 went out and found ‘Doc’
Daniel—wbo now lives op her*
abont Davidson-stretched out
In the ambulance. I started to
raise him op, but he kicked
like a steer, saying bis whole
back was shot off, and if 1m
moved he would die. I cut hit
clothes and ran my band under
him and found that a greA
place on bis back wss badly
bruised, and I saw that H
was as black as my bat, but the
skin had not beep broken. A
pkea of shall had glanced and
struck him.
* ‘Oct ap, old man,’ 1 said
you're not hart.'
" ‘You reckon not, Doc.'
* No. no; get out of there.'
"Well air. iSaniets stretched
himself a little, fonnd he seal
net going to die, got out, gw
his gun and went bach to the
Bring line/
"How many of jroar 13!
patients died, Doctor?" other
•
#
the reporter.
"Oh, Ihardly know. Fifteen
or 20. Wt didn’t have time to
count them.*
BURRED ■TLKMTftlMO. k
Residence Decay led hr Dr.
J. Athlon at China Orara Do
af* naail a|.J U | m Ynwd Ok _ . _
•utff* 0X9 IfCI| DltfglH
ClwkWi Ohimi,
CW»»Orm, May 3.—During
an atodrical rtorro yesterday
availing, accompanied by hail,
wiod and rain, the reaidenoa oc
cupied by Dr. G. J. Atkina aad
fnnjUy waa atrnsk by lightning
and within a tew minutes the
large two-itory structure wan In
nnhen. Only n few of ton con
tents of the faonaa were saved.
No clothing except what the
members of the family had on
their backs was saved.
The building, owned by Mr.
George Wpn, was a total Iona,
there being no insurance on the
building or the contents. None
of the Tamil* waa shocked ax
' cept Dr. Atkins’ young daugh
ter. Josie, who recsieed a alight
i shock and is suffering from
I . TZJ
^p
t
4 ^^H
HH
■^H
M
■■
H|
m
^^H
• *Sj
gaSS
rj *
m
j^H
32 $5te
PITTSBURG VISIBLE TYPEWRITER.
S' Only Perfect Mtchlne Mede
Visible Writing; Strong ManHoldeT;"i$
Universal Keyboard; Light Tonch
JUpid Action.
GAZETTE PRINTING HOUflB. LOCAL