flir'lllliHnri
f "iitjjir ^ Published weekly at the National Camps
BtofcfiiftnTTrffrr United States.
Bnnifii/'.'Mgg,
National Bta
I loom Ml. Pol It i
(' New York
Vl J Of IN STKWA
ff Ut Chairman of Advisory Board
jJ m?i Camp and location N"w
ff Ml ; Camp Beauregard. Alexandria. U..?.Now Or!
y?9l I Camp Botvic. Fnjt Worth. Texas Fort Wc
Tl^r MM ' Carlstrom Aviation Fle'd. Artadia. Fla.Tampa '
/j /2yjH|H ; Camp Cody. l>-m!nB. N. Me* Kl Paso
Jtt /riB Camp (Vster. Battle Creek. Mich Battle (
kjjj On i i'amp I lew ns. Ayer. Mass Boston '
v\\Kjf Cninp l?ix. Wrightstoun. N J Trenton
Wt\MM/ MB I Camp l>oniphan. Fort SHI, Okla nk.ahon
I 'Mr*" J /m I Camp Forrest. ChK-kamaupa. <!? chattuni
' ' /AMI I i *:t in ? Fremont. Pulo as o. Oal San Ft a
fl i FjwctoB, Fort RUry. Kan .'Kprka
/J / jt]J ! [ Camp C. rdon. At'anta. Ga Atlanta
' Wf i| Camp Urant. Rockfnrd. Ill The CM
A A * SJ7 I i'al?!p Orccoc. Charlotte, N. C (. harlott
yi I'amp Hancock. Augusta. Ga Augusta
ll H">s Camp Jackson. Columba. S. C Ci-Iumbl
(m Camp .Ichnxtvn. Jui kmnvili*. Fl* Jackson
I JK\ I Camp Kearny. I.lnda Vista. Cal Us Arj
fflf A >Tf / \ ( Camp I.ec. Petersburg. V* Itichmoi
3 OvA.{ l\ * n. i? I .carl*. Tacoma. Wash Taroma
Vvjflrarh J Camp l.<?n. Houston. Texas lloi-ston
J J y'jUg, 0_> Camp JJcArthur. Waco. Texas Waco JJ
Camp M?s*lcllan. Annislon. Ala Binning
I 3^. | . t'ainp MrPhrmn. At.anta. tia Atlanta
J&L' Camp *J-.-ad?\ Admiral. Md Wash..
vv 4%^ Camp Pike. I.tttlc Rt>ck. Ark ?.... arkansa
Camp Sevier. Greenville. S. C (Sreenvil
Kg Camp Shelby. Hsttlesburg. Mis* \V?- Orl
HQ iiOTeLr ' *?mP Sheridan. Montgomery. Ala. -Monlgut
M?jS t la in p Zuchary Taylor. Uiuisvllle. Ky . . i,out*vit
W^XVr Camp Travta. San Antonio, Texas.... J
Kelly Field and Camp Stanley .. tSan An
Camp Upton. Yaphank. I- I.N. Y Nor To
Camp Wheeler. Macon. Ga Macon *
f Charleston Naval Station ...Char-eat
llufTnlo Military lalatrict. embracing I ? _ .
u-n Camp* I ?<"""?
Published under the auspice* of the Natloi
United Stales, with the co-operation of the at>
"IF YOU DONT KNOW
Soldiers of the second draft are fill- ?
ing all the American camps. For c
many months now they have been pre- c
pared for separation from the peace- t
ful pursuits of civil life. Some have i
come into the National Army with a *
little preliminary training gained in j
home guard units or at the many <
schools that have been started all over i
the country with the avowed idea of j
fitting new men for non-commissioned j
officers' chevrons and starting them t
I M > on their way to the othcers training; =
I mi But the great majority of the new ,
IA B&. rnen havc had absolutely no training.
T W ^1 ^*? l^cm a rnilitary encampment is an 1
W OH 1 undiscovered country.
L i During the first few days the novA
?fj8r A city of their surroundings and the suc^
HH At cession of new experiences will keep 1
Mbz their minds actively engaged. But in '
?A~ i he next few weeks there will be times ,
L ^ of physical weariness and mental dis- j
tress. In the quiet cf the squad tent,
E~r to? tired to sleep?for there is such a *
condition?the new men are going to j
~-~~f question the wisdom of all this inten- i
I sive raining. Whether they can give ^
Pfa adequate expression to the thought or ]
tS not they will feel that the army is the '
//E=Ib slave of a system, that much of the
BPyflgj^ routine might be eliminated. These '
I/BB men will come to feel that all this preliminary
training is not only unnece3sary
but that it actually makes them
sense a danger cf what the athlete
calls "going stale."
To such men Trench and Camp addresses
a heartfelt admonition.
Those who have been privileged to
sit under the spell of the magic mes
? sage of Lieutenant-Colonel George
- ? Applin, of the British military commission,
well remember his famous
paraphrase: "You say time is money.
* say solemnly it is more than money
whi/tei *s itself."
Camp W adsworth the British
officer illustrated his meaning in dramatic
fashion. A great meeting cf all _
the officers at that encampment had
keen arranged for ten o'clock on a Sa'turday
morning. It was four minutes
after the hour.
Colonel Applin drew out his watch. I
// "Gentlemen," he began, "we are now I
four minutes late. If we were sim-1
| ilarly delayed in going into action we i
would roiint our dead in hundred* I
perhaps in thousands?our needlessly
The average American is a human
f " .* paradox. He will elbow his way into
a crowded car to save time when time
I is of no Lo-icern to him and when a
half-filled car is only a few hundred
V- *cct away ?ut vv*" ^ **tc *n ^ccp*
lU/Hf [flinty***' in% an imPortant appointment.
the military there is no choice.
?8g?i#*?rettm% There must be absolute precisior. In
fact, the term "military precision" has
I
T RENCH A
fc CAMP
and Cantonments for the soldiers of the
IqoarUrv *
cer Baildlnc
City
KT BRYAN
of C?M)prriitin( Publishers j
simper Publisher I
leans Tlmps Picayune D. D. Moore
rtb Star Telegram Ainon G. Carter I
Times P. B. McKay .
Herald H. D. Slater 1
"reek Knqulrer-News A. L. Miller j
l! lobe Charles H. Taylor. Jr.
Tiroes James Kerney I
la City Okluhoman E. K. Oaylord
?uta (Tc&n. I Times.... H. C. Adlcr
nctsco Bulletin It. A. Crothcrs |
State Journal Frank I*. MacBennan |
Const it ut'on Clark Howell
rajro Pally News Victor F. Ijrweon '
o Observer W. B. Sullivan 1
Herald..., Bowdre Pfctntay ,
a State W. W. Ball 1
ville Times-Union W. A. Elliott
teles Tl?n?-s Harry Chandler i
?d News Ucador John Stewart Bryan j
Tribune F. & Baker
~ fionrti j. Palmer 1
10JW ? - _
orninpc New*....- Charles K. Marsh i
ham ( A'a.) Nfm Victor H. Hanson (
Journal ...J. S. Cohen ,
D. C. Evening Star Fleming Newbold
x Democrat l Elmer E. Clarke
!e Dally New? . ..B. H.* Peace
lean* Item Junta M. Thomson
nery Advertiser C- H. Allen '
le Courier Journal ."Bruce Haldcman
lonio I.lght ...Charles S. Dlehl
rk World Don C. Seitz
Telegraph { W. T. Anderson ,
on Near* and Courier R- C. 8iegllng
Evening News Ed ward FL Butler
rial War Work Council, T. M. C. A. of the
Dve named publishers and papers.
, YOU ?RE KILLED"
^rown cut of the army's insistence
tpon clockwork obedience.
One of the first lessons the newomer
to the niilitary must learn is
his "military precision." He learns
t through the infantry drill?through
he manual of arms. When an exas>erated
officer denounces the careless
ioldier, the awkward man resents the
jfficer's display of spleen. Perhaps it
s unbecoming?perhaps an officer
ihould have himself better in hand.
3ut the officer knows. Back of the
)latoon he sees the regiment; back of
he regiment the brigade and the diviiion.
Back of all that he sees the huge
iroblcm of army transport.
The man in the awkward squad has
lot come to see these things. A division
is merely a unit to him and he
knows nothing of the difficulties in
maneuvering 27,000 odd men.
But let him stop to think o; me possible
order calling for the replacing of
i battle-weary drvision with entirely
lew troops?all of this to be done in
ib so lute quiet and in utter darkness;
md in the given space of a few hours.
The new troops must be where they
ire wanted when they arc wanted.
This does not mean three minutes
ihead of time or three minutes late.
Three minutes ahead might inean the
blocking of a duckboard road?a path
n the mare of entrenchments just
arge enough for one man. Three
minutes late might mean exposure to
ittack at a point where an attack could
not be withstood.
The drill regulations and the field
service regulations are the result of
many years of experience in the handling
of troops. They are not codified
experiments, but codified experience.
t? m*rin* training camos there
is a slogan that all the recruits must
learn. They carry it about with them
on banners and boards; they sing it
and they shout it. The slogan is:
"If You Don't Know,
You Arc Killed!M
No better slogan could be adopted
by the new National Army.
The men who direct the training
KNOW. They are aiming to conserve
the lives of their men. In a
word, they are teaching their men to
move with such cK>ckwork precision
that they all move together; that the
Army moves as one man.
Not only minutes hut seconds count.
Every day the officers of a regiment
go to regimental headquarters to have
their watches adjusted. All must readalike.
When ap order is given to be
executed at a certain minute it means
that the hands of every officers' watch
will point then to that minute?not to
a few seconds off the minute?but ex-1
actly that minute. This is what the
PnmnMns call* the svnehronizine!
watch system. Bugles cannot be
sounded; whistles must not be blown
?the enemy would have the advantage
of advance knowledge of an impending
troop movement. The silent
sentinel ?the synchronised watchmust
give the order.
From time to time Trench and Camp
will seek to interpret to the new men
the meaning of drill regulations and
other aspects of military training.
Sometimes men lose heart because
they cannot see the significance of all I
the elaborate preparation. But they)
must acquire a knowledge of the military
machinery even, if they cannct
grasp its meaning. For, ,4If you don't
knew, you arc killed.'*
No Lowering Of *
In Submit
"There is only one thing that will
win this war. The Germans have had
it for years; Jhe finest discipline in
the world. The whole nation has
been preparing for over forty years
for the present war, not alone the
trmy but the whole nation, and all
the preparations made and planned
ire based on discipline. It was, therer?r?
not to be wondered at that when
the United States entered the war the
German General Staff issued the following
statement: The German people
need not fear the entrance of
America into this war, because America
is a democracy and will nerer attain
the standard of discipline repaired.'
This opinion was well founded,
as Americans would never accept
German discipline (the discipline of
brute force, and they know no other).
"How, then, hare British successes
been possible? Through discipline?
Instantaneous, and given willingly.
Not the German discipline of force
and fear, but the discipline of respect
for superior officers. The British and
our French brothers In' arms would
no more think of accepting the discipline
of the Germans than would
Americana, but the officers have succeeded
in maintaining a discipline of
higher grade and character than ever
Homer Pigeons A:
Prove Swii
The pigeon, of that feathered family
which has furnished the whole
world with a commonly-accepted emblem
of peace, has proved itself really
a bird of war, for the part the pigeon
of the homer variety is playing in the
battle lines of France is warlike In
its effect and of great military valoe
to the armies it serves. For the
liomer pigeon nas provea hbbu ?
courier that not only can be trusted to
perform its mission, but to carry messages
with a speed whjch only the
field telephone can excel, and the
pigeon is sometimes available when
the telephone Is not. Lieut. William
L. Butler, Department Pigeon Officer,
U. S. A., tells of a speed test at Camp
Funston. Messages were sent a distance
of five miles by wireless, dog
and pigeon. The message by bird
was delivered first. Uncle Sam needs
25,000 pedigreed racing homers and
men from eighteen to forty years old
to handle them, for our own lines in
France will employ these feathered
messengers which our European allies
have found so useful. Almost every
scouting party that crosses No Man's
Land is supplied with homer pigeons.
At the outbreak of the war tbe
German army had more than 50,000
pigeons in service; today the French
and British forces have each about
oD.UUU, writes ivurmau ucnw, m iuc
Illustrated World, while our own Signal
Corps is training a large number
of men to handle these trusty messengers.
Tanks, which so far have
been unable to make use of wireless,
take along a crate of pigeons, and
they are also carried on airplanes, to
bring back to artillery observers the
location of vital enemy positions.
"Bring in your gunB and pigeons"
under penalty of death was the sinister
notice placarded by the Germans
all over conquered Belgium, for these
birdB are the sure reliance of the
spy. The Belgians defied the order,
and so to France came invaluable information
of the plans and number of
the invaders, together with the story
of the atrocities in Flanders. Navies,
too, make constant use of pigeons.
They have been the one sure means
of communication between raiding
IJ-boats and their bases, and they are
carried by practically every patrol
boat in European waters. There is o
case on record of a tiny British *cout,
sinking after an encounter with a
submarine, to which relief was
brought by a pigeon, released in tne
teeth of a howling gale.
Science cannot explain the wonderful
instinct which brings the pigeon
to its home, but it is stronger than
fear or any other obstacle. 'Liberated
In the face of the heaviest barrage,
it circles in the air to get its bear
j ings, rises swiftly to a height of half
I a mile, then is off with the speed of
ja bullet. For a distance of thirtj
miles they are capable of making twc
| miles a minute, and have flown 86C
I miles on a single flight,
j Years of breeding for show pur,
poses have ruined the real carriei
| pigeons for actual flying. The wai
bird of today is the Belgian racinj
| hosier, which Is built for speed and
'elf-Respect '
ting To Discipline
LIEUT.-COL. GEORGE APPL1N
existed in the German army. They
have established the discipline of -V*J
democracy, which is the Instant and
willing obedience of an order, or in- "o
the absence of an order, what yon he- -.1
lieve it would have been.
-."This can be accepted by any 1
American without in the least lower- ' 1
lag bis self-respect, his high morale, I
or his Ideals of a democracy.
"Discipline is and must be supreme. I
,All_other_thlnga must he secondary. J
Machine sunn, trench mortars, nana
grenades, airplanes, artillery, gas.
and last, bat not least, the bayonet,
cannot be of any valne in the hands ]
of troops poorly disciplined. A few
well organised and disciplined men
can hold off a mob, and the higher the
discipline the better the reealts. In
one word, the entire army, from general
to buck' private in the rear rank,
mast 'click' at the word of command.
"When yon snm up all the things
we have to do in order to make the
big machine run kmoothly, we find
that all work for one thing?to win
the war; and to do it we must have
discipline. Instantaneous obedience, ^9
given willingly."
(From a lecture being delivered to
commissioned officers in every ramp -jag
and cantonment in the United States .JE
by Lieut.-Col. George Apphn, of the
British Army.)
5 War Couriers J
'ter Than Wireless
? m
endurance, with an especially deep
cheat to insure lung capacity, and a
strong, slender body. In racing condition
It weighs from ten to twelve
ounces. Scattered behind the Allied
lines are hundreds of lofts where the
pigeons are trained or "settled," and
from these they are taken by motor ^
to the front. The French say offi- '
dally that they are 97 per cent, eitl- '"Ag
cient. 'wm
The "pigeon voyager" is a model |g
of patriotism, for it knows but one j
home. So it must be "settled" in the Jg
locality where it is to be used. Consequently
only the men to handle J
them can be trained in the United
States; the birds, all of racing homer
stock, sent from here are useful only
for breeding. When ten weeks^ld,
the "squeekers," as the young birds
are called, are able to fly, and their '|||
training begins. They are taken from
the lofts and left alone to get the
first "mental photograph" of their ^
surroundings. If frightened at this
time they may.become useless. Afterward
come daily flights, beginning
with one mile and gradually in- .
creased. _ >
??* -.am
Weather Here hr Index to
Coming Conditions AbroadThe
Department of Agriculture
authorizes the following:
Even the weather in tlie United
States is being watched from the
western battle front in France. ';-*???
Like other events over here, such
qo th* mnhllizatinn of man nower _ if J
and the conservation of food, the Slffl
weather in the United States may .'V^p
vitally affect operations on the -'*&
"frontiers of freedom."
Once every 24 hours a summary
of weather conditions in the United
States is cabled to officers of
the Army who formerly were offlciaJs
of the United States Weather
Bureau. '
The reason is tliat marked eonditions
of the weather in this ..lag
hemisphere are likely to be reflected
in the other, and the reason
for that is the trend of the ^
atmosphere toward the east. As
the "world revolves from east to VsfSj
west the atmosphere in mid lat- ^
itudes tends to move constantly
toward the rising sun. A great
storm in this country may have Its
counterpart in greater or less degree
in Europe some days later.
1 Fair weather on this side may
mean fair weather, over there within
the week. Supplied with this, ~ X; !
in addition to loc^l information,
1 the "officers of the weather Over
1 There" are aided in forecasting
1 conditions favorable for airplane
' activity, artillery work or other f
" military operations.
TIME UNIMPORTANT
) Soldier in stoclcMe to passing serl
geant?What time is it, buddy?
Sergeant?What do you want to
- know for? You are not going anySave
yowr bayonet tiuwts for 1te
I enemy; coU and tents are not Hon*.