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Your Award-Winning Community Newspaper
100 YEARS AGO
THURSDAY. JUNE 27. 1963
While The Public Slept
"Since the general civilization of mankind I believe there are more
instances of the abridgement of the freedom of the people by gradual
and silent encroachments of those in power than by violent and sudden
usurpations.”
Thus wrote James Madison, one of die architects of the American
Republic, long ago. History since has vindicated his view. There have
been bloody revolutions, it is true. But far greater numbers of despo
tisms have been created while the people slept.
The Evidence Piles Up
More and more evidence has been piling up to prove that ihe American
people are weary of steam-roller government which everlastingly
seeks more dictatorial powers in widely assorted areas of American
life.
There has been no better example of this than American agricul
ture’s rejection, by vote, of the proposed wheat production control plan,
which would have imposed restrictions of unprecedented scope and
severity. The plan needed a two-thirds majority to become law; it
didn’t gain even a simple majority.
And no one can say that the case for it was not aggressively ar
gued. The Secretary of Agriculture forecast ’’chaos" for the wheat
farmers if it was rejected. The whole weight of the Administration
was thrown behind it.
Moreover, the negative vote has a further significance. Had the
measure passed, many authorities agreed, it would have simply been a
prelude to the imposition of comparable controls on other crops—
notably livestock.
Perhaps the best comment was made by President Shuman of the
American Farm Bureau Federation, the nation’s largest farm or
ganization. He said: “This is a bright day for agriculture. The way
now is open for the Congress to solve the wheat surplus problem on
a basis consistent with the maintenance of the market system. Surely,
a nation that can send Astronaut Cooper into space can devise a sound,
workable wheat program in the months ahead.”
That goes for all other crops. The goal—the only intelligent goal,
looking at the picture from a purely domestic viewpoint or in the light
of international trade developments—must be to establish a free
market in agriculture in the shortest possible time.
The Good Society
Runaway Horse
PRIVATE
property
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CaSENSBORO DAILY N£W»
PUPPY CREEK PHILOSOPHER SAYS:
Sees No Way To Avoid Spending More
And More On Space Exploration
Dear editar:
I wouldn't want to be in the
position of die man who told
the Queen of Spain she was
nuts to spend her jewelry on
Columbus' trip, that she had
better spend it improving the
lot of her own
people, but the
thought comes
to mind as the
politicians and
scientists argue
the value of
spending bill
ions to put a
man on the
moon
In the first place, who's to
say the man talking to the
Queen wasn't right? I mean,
1 can't see any noticable gain
Spain has ever made by the
discovery of America, and I'm
not sure the average Spaniard
is any happier living on a round
world than he was on a flat
one. On the other hand, of
course, if she hadn't spent her
jewelry on Columbus she might
have spent it onanOperasipger
or a traveling tent show, and
Spain would be in about the
same place she is now anyway.
However, the discovery of
America has turned out fairly'
well for us people now livittg
here, and my position on sending
a man to the moon is diat it's
all right with me so long as
I'm not the man.
It's true that there may not
be anything up there worth
having, and I personally see
little hope for an area where
it never has rained, other than
the fact they blaned sure don't
have a farm problem up there,
but it's something that can’t
be avoided, on account of die
by-products. You never know
what'll turn up.
I mean, exploring space is
no longer a sporting event, like
climbing a mountain. I read
the other day that Russia is
What is The Good Society? Many a profound book has been written
in seeking to answer that question, many more will roll from the
presses as the years spin by.
But it can be answered, in essence, in very brief and simple terms.
It is a society in which each individual has the inalienable right to
choose his path in life within a framework of equitable laws designed to
prevent him from encroaching upon this same right in others. No law
can make men equal—but law can guarantee equality of opportunity.
It is. above all, a society in which individual freedom is limited by,
and only by, the right of a people as a whole to maintain, secure and
protect itself.
It is a society which fully recognizes the Jeffersonian maxim that
government is best which governs least.
Freedom without fear; strength without coercion; pride without
arrogance;, and an endless sense of the worth of man, not only in the
mass but in die one—these are marks of The Good Society.
CXiff Bluets Tar Heel People & Issues
No funds snould oe auinorized for federal loans to the Rural Elec
trification Administration for building generating and transmission
facilities until these proposed loans are first submitted to Congress
for review and an examination of their economic justification. And
If this were done, the larger part of the $425 million REA request
In the current budget would be denied on economic grounds.
That is the view of the Council of State Chambers of Commerce.
And it goes on to urge three further steps for eventually placing the
REA Co-ops on a self-sustaining basis; 1. Abolish the below-cost,
2 per cent interest rate now charged on loans made by the REA, and
set the rate at the going rate of interest paid by the Treasury on its
long-term loans, plus a charge for administrative exjpenses and losses.
2. Shift the financing, tfirough new legislation, of the REA system
from die government to private sources. 3. Repeal the income tax
exemption now given the co-ops.
There is nothing punitive, nothing unfair, in these proposals. They
would simply make the REA and the co-ops operate on a basis com
parable to that of the business-managed utilities. And the tax savings
that would result would be felt by every citizen in the country.
The REA system today bears no comparison with what it was in
Its beginnings. Now it is a big, solldly-rntrenched commercial
business. The job of rural electrification has been completed, so now
It Is extending or attempting to extend its operations, into urban and
Industrial service areas—areas which are served wldi total adequacy
by the fully-taxed, publicly-regulated utilities. It is high time diat
Congress checkrelned dils runaway horse.
SOUTH ... It now appears
that the South will be as much
a battlefield in the 1964 Pres
idential election as will any
other section of the nation, par
ticularly so if Goldwater is the
nominee.
POWELL . . .The boast by
Adam Clayton Powell, Negro
congressman from New York
that he “rewrote half of
President Kennedy’s speech for
him the night before it was
delivered before Congress’’
will certainly not set well with
many people. Even in New York
where Powell lives, he does
not seem very popular as,
according to newspaper reports
a dinner honoring Powell with
1.500 plates prepared, only 150
persons attended.
HENRY JORDAN . , . OnSat-
urday. June 29 at noon friends
of Henry Jordan in Ramseur
will name a street in honor
of the former Highway Com
mission Chairman and potential
candidate for governor. F riends
of Jordan from over the state
have been Invited to attend the
meeting which many feel will be
ihe unofficial kick-off of the
Jordan for Governor campaign,
rhe invitations to the “Henry
Jordan Day’’ have been sent
out by Mayor Fred A. Thomas
of Ramseur. A barbecue din
ner will be served on the ball
field at the conclusion of the
program.
CAPUS WAYNICK . . .Capus
Waynick who has been named by
Governor Terry Sanford to head
up race relations work in
North Carolina is a very re
sourceful man. He is a literal,
a fighter and an able leader.
Back In 1948 when Kerr Scott's
campaign for governor was
floundering around, the able
Waynick took over as campaign
manager, set the campaign on
die road and the results are
history.
Waynick has had an interest
ing career. He served as State
Senator from Guilford, State
Highway Chairman, Chairman
of the State Democratic Ex
ecutive Committee, Ambas
sador to Nicargua and editor of
the High Point Enterprise.
Whatever he does he does well.
During the Hodges Adminlstra-
lion he served as Adjutant Gen
eral. In 1952 Waynick seriously
considered running for Gover
nor. but finally decided against
it. He is a man whose advice
is sought by many.
JOHN KERR ... On the final
day of the 1947 session of the
General Assembly, Rep. John
H. Kerr, Jr., almost single-
handed led the fight for a
one million dollars contingent
appropriation to match similar
gifts in art by the Kress Foun
dation. As a result the N. C.
Museum of Art is the out
standing museum of art in the
South. Friday of last week John
Kerr had a big part in secur
ing the passage of another
appropriation, which in time
could equal the art appropria
tion on the cultural life of
North Carolina. The Assem
bly voted $325,000 to start a
performing art schools. Rep.
John Kerr is an orator of the
old school and his speech on
Friday could have been the
high-spot of his 1963 legis
lative activities. “Let’s build
something for the future . . .
this is North Carolina’s next
venture in an age of intellec
tual developments," he said.
The bill passed 80 to 18.
PRESIDENTS . . .Rep. Dave
Britt said last week in the
House that “in all probability,
our state will never have ano
ther president," after urging
the Assembly to appropriate
funds with which to restore the
President James L* Polk birth
place in Mecklenburg County.
Roger Kiser disagreed and felt
that we would have another one.
Lee Nears Gettysburg,
Faces Meade’s Army
now working on a plan to launch
atomic bombs into orbit, hund
reds of them circling the globe
in all directions, so that any
time she decides to, she could
throw a switch and let one des
cend on whatever target it
happens to be passing over at
the time. New York, Washing
ton. this Bermuda grass farm.
Raeford, London, Cape Canav
eral, etc. From a military
standpoint, this sure would beat
launching them from a cave in
Cuba, and you wouldn’t have to
eat lunch with Castro besides.
I guess if you get right down
to it. I'd rather have a big
national, debt hapgipg over my
head than a big Russian atomic
bomb.
If it takes it, let’s give our
jewelry tokeepexploringspace.
This is an excellent idea. I don’t
have any jewelry.
Yours faithfully,
J. A.
By Lon K. Savage
A gentle rain fell on die Poto
mac River 100 years ago this
week as Confederate General
Robert E« Lee, astride his
horse. sN^shed across die
shallow Potomac River into
Maryland. As he rode, factor
ies were closing down in Pitts
burgh, Pa., so Aat the workers
could dig trenches around the
city: in Philadelphia, veterans
of die War of 1812 formed a regi
ment to protect their city, and
in soudieastern Pennsylvania
farmers fled their homes and
drove their cattle northward.
It was June 25, and Lee
was In the midst of his most
important invasion of die Civil
War. Ahead of him, his army
of 80,000 was stretched out
through western Maryland and
southeastern Pennsylvania,
causing panic in dozens of towns
and cities and threatening, it
seemed, the entire northeasL
Dick Ewell, leading die most
advanced corps, already was
at Chambersburg, Pa., having
moved through Sharpsburg, Md.
Lee’s other two corps — com
manded by James Longstreet
and A. P. Hill -- were spread
ing out into the Maryland
countryside. A London Times
correspondent predicted Lee
might soon be riding trium
phantly up Broadway in New
York City.
QTY RANSOvlED
Indeed, Lee’s army moved
as if it were about to capture
the entire northeast. Ewell
pushed on to Carlisle, 20 miles
east of Harrisburg, Penna-
sylvania’s capital, and Lee told
him to go ahead and capture
it if he could. Ewell sent “Old
Jubilation" Early farther east
where he captured York, Pa.,
and held it under ransom, col
lecting 1,200 pairs of shoes,
1,000 hats, three days’ rations
and $28,000 in money. Early
cut railroads and looked as if
he might move north on Phi
ladelphia or south on Balti
more or Washington. Ewell
pushed up to the river across
from Harrisburg, and the people
listened in horror as cannons
boomed around their town.
HOOKER REPLACED
But "Fighting Joe" Hooker,
who had been left bdiind with
his Federal army in Virginia,
was racing nordiward to get
between Lee’s army and Wash
ington. On June 27*, as Ewell
reached Carlisle. Hooker com
pleted *e job of moving his
army across *e Potomac into
Maryland just west of Wash
ington, and as he crossed he
called out for reenforcements—
demanded. In fact, *at el*er
he get re-enforcements or he
would resign.
President Lincoln quickly
compiled—not by sendlnc re
enforcements but by acci^ing
Hooker’s resignation. He had
grown tired of Hooker’s in
decision, and he sent an aide
into the Federal camp, yvhere
*e aide awoke scholarly Gene
ral George C. Meade and in
formed him he was now com
mander of *e Army of *e
Potomac, succeeding Hooker.
Meanwhile, Lee had run into
trouble. His infantry now was
ranging across *e Penn
sylvania countryside, but his
cavalry — the "eyes” of his
army — was nowhere to be
seen. Dashing "Jeb" Stuart,
his cavalry commander, some
how had gotten in be
tween Hooker’s army and Wash
ington (Stuart was in sij^t of
*e nation’s capital once) and
was busy capturing and plund
ering Federal supply trains.
But Lee needed information
about Hooker’s movements, and
Stuart was not there to give
it. It was not until June 28*
*at Lee learned of Hooker’s
movements, and he realized
that he must consolidate his
army. Orders went out, and
the *ree Confederate corps
began converging. Early mov
ing sou*, Longstreet and Hill
moving east.
Their roads came toge*er
at a little town called Gettys
burg, Pa,, and when they ar
rived *ere, they found Fede-
rals waiting. The scene had
been set for *e western hemi
sphere’s greatest battle.
Next week: Gettysburg
SENATOR
SAM ERVIN
SAYS
☆
☆
Well, we agree wi* Kiser.
We feel *at *e South will fur
nish ano*er President before
long. In fact *e South came
very near furnishing *e suc
cessor to Franklin D. Roose
velt in 1945. James Byrnes was
almost nominated for Vice
President, butwhenSidneyHlll-
man turned him down, the nod
and *e nomination went to one
Harry S. Truman of Missouri.
W I* *e Sou* becoming more
and more doubtful as to which
column it will be in In *e
Presidential race, *e chances
of a Sou*erner and a Tar Hell
becoming President will be on
the Increase,
MUSINGS .. .Rockefeller took
his chance, won a new wife, but
appears to have lost whatever
chances he might have had of
becoming president. .. We are
not hearing much of Bill Cobb
now, but we suspect he wlUhave
a part in *e 1964 GOP cam
paign in Tar Heelia . ..Senator
Bill James says he is not in
terested in running for Con
gress in *e 8* district ...
Chances are that ano*er Rich
mond County man, former Con
gressman C. B. Deane will be
running.
WASHINGTON- The Senate
Public Works Subcommittee of
the Appropriations Committee
has teen conducting hearings
on water projects. Senator
Jordan and I have submined
requests for appropriations for
Nor* Carolina water projects
for $2,092,200. Recommended
projects include five flood
control and navigation projects,
*ree combined beach erosion
and hurricane projects, four
comprehensive river basin
studies, four hurricane studies
requring some additional funds,
and one small flood control
project which is wl*ln the pur
view of Secion 205 of *e Flood
Control Act of 1962.
Navigational and flood control
requests centered on funds to
initiate plans for construction
of *e New Hope Dam on *e
Haw River, projects for jetties
at Masonboro and Beaufort In
lets, and *e RoUison Channel,
and a re-evaluation study for
a project at Wilmington. Com
bined beach erosion and hurri
cane projects were recom
mended for Carolina, Wrlghts-
ville , and Fort Macon-Atlantic
Beach areas. Basic river basin
studies were recommended for
the Neuse, Cape Fear, Tar-
Pamillco, and Yadkin-Pee Dee
Rivers. The small flood oontrol
project requested was for *e
Swift Creek project in Pitt and
Craven Counties,
These projects are funda
mental to the protection and
development of Nor* Caro
lina’s water resources. They
would contribute materially to
*e welfare of our State. Nor*
Carolina has large amounts of
rainfall, but investigations show
that our growing industrial-
• I
ization and population needs re
quire larger supplies of readily
accessible water. Moreover,
our rivers and harbors are be
coming increasingly important
adjuncts of our economy. For
ai^ropriations for Nor* Caro
lina water projects.
AMERICAN LIBERTY—The
American system of govern
ment resting as it always does
upon *e will of *e governed
is confronted today wl* many
grave challenges at home and
abroad. Recent events which
have filled *c news media give
reason for all Americans to re
flect on some advice Daniel
Webster gave to us in a plea
for constitutional liberty more
*an one hundred years ago.
He plead wl* the nation as
follows:
’’0*er misfor*nes may be
borne, or ti,eir effects over
come. If disastrous war should
sweep our commerce for *e
ocean. ano*er generation may
renew it; if it exhaust our
treasury, future industry may
replenish it; if it desolate and
lay waste our fields, still, under
a new cultivation,
green again.
Stories
Behind
Words
by
William S. Penfuld
About 1090 a secret religious sect was founded in Persia. Its
members gave complete obedience to *e leader, believing *at
he was inhabited by the Holy Ghost.
When the leader decreeo i
he often did), it was done.
41
*ey will
and ripen
[ *at an enemy should be killed (which
ow over *etn, *an were
Before departing on his mission of murder, a member would ' sbed over *e monuments
eat hashish — a powerful narcotic which dulled his senses and Romm or Grecian art; for
made him fearless.
The members were called "hashshashln." which in Arabic
means hashish-eaters. In passing into the English language
“hashshashln" was changed Into "assassin’’ — one who kills
by secret assault.
grow
to future harvests.
“It were but a trifle even
if *e walls of yonder Capitol
were to crumble, if its lofty
pillars should fall, and its
gorgeous de''''ratIons be all
covered by *e dust of *e valley.
All *ese might be rebuilt. But
who shall reconstruct *e fabric
of demolished Government?
Who shall rear again die well-
proportioned columns of con
stitutional liberty? Who shall
frame toge*er *e skillful
architecture which unites na
tional sovereignty wi* State
rights, individual security,
and public prosperity? No,
if *ese columns fall, *ey will
be raised not again. Like *e
Coliseum and *e Par*enon,
*ey will be destined to a
mournful, a melancholy Immor-
tallty. Bitterer tears, however,
will flo
*ey will be *e remnants of
a more glorious edifice *an
Greece or Rome ever saw,
*e edifice of constitutional
American liberty."