Newspapers / Polk County News and … / June 25, 1903, edition 1 / Page 2
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Tifl T nto Gustavus Swift in the Cosmopolitan. " . - MAGINE a procession of 10,000 cattle, marching two by two. in a line fifteen miles long; let 20,000 sheep follow them, bleating along twelve miles of road; after them drive sixteen mites of hogs, 27,000 strong; then let 30,000 fowls bring up the rear, clucking ana quacking anu gouunug, uei ;r siwte ui. six miles; and in this whole caravan, stretching for nearly fifty miles and requiring two days to pass a given point, you will see the animals devoted to death In the packing houses f Swiff ik rnmnanv in a single day. Surely a Buddhist Would think that the head of that establishment had much to answer for. Hem before in the world's history wa a. massacre of the innocents organized on such a stupendous scale or with such scientific system. ' The comrnanuer oi uie aim ui mcu cufttt6vi Ills first penny picking cranberries in a swamp on Cape Cod, mor than fifty Tears ago It was at Sagamore, on that historic peninsula, that a son was born to the house of Swift on June 24. 1839, and named Gustavus Franklin. A Xctt years later, when the boy was not picking cranberries, he drove hogs lon the cape. It was like Napoleon exercising his infant armies at school. 0 999 9991 1999 Ihe Irian's Point of View. By Dr. Charles A. Eastman. HE Indian's side of any controversy between him and the l white man has never really been presented at all. History has necessarily been written from the wrhite man's standpoint and largely from the reports of commanding officers, natur ally anxious to secure full credit for their gallantry or to conceal any weakness. Take as an illustration the so-called "battle" of Wounded Knee. A ring was formed about the Indians, and after dis arming most of them one man resisted, and the troops began firing toward the centre, killing nearly all the Indians and necessarily many of their own men. The soldiers then followed up fleeing women and children and shot them down in cold blood. This is not called a massacre in official reports. The press of the country did not call it a massacre. On. the other Jiand, General Custer was in pursuit of certain bands of Sioux. He followed their' trail two days and finally overtook and surprised them upon the Little .Big Horn. The warriors met him in force and he was beaten at his own Same. It was a brilliant victory for the Indians, whom Custer had taken at a disadvantage in the midst of their women and children. Tliis battle goes down in history as the "Custer massacre." . j& J&r j? TEe Joy of Working. Pleasures of Which the Producer of tlic Present is Deprived. By Caroline I. Hunt. HE producer of old had pleasures of which the prodrcer of the pres- ! -A.. J. TT 1 1 1. f I -9 mi" m jprz I ent Knows not. rxe naa me quiet ana saiety ana neaiiniuiness or a I I small shop. He had common Interest with fellow-workers and ap i J I I Prentices in tillage politics or in church affairs. Best of all, per- for friends or for acquaintances, and an ever-present sense of its im portance because it met needs which he had seen and recognized, and which his own manner of life, similar to that of the consumer and on the same social plane, prepared him to understand. He had, for exam ple, possibly known for months that his neighbor was saving money Twith which to hire him to make the chest of drawers upon which he was work ing, and there was a zest and a delight in his labor because ho knew just how much she, needed the piece of furniture, just where it was to stand and just nrhat purpose it was to serve. The favorable conditions of his work, the pleas finter surroundings, the personal quality of labor, the feeling of its direct use fulness were intensified in case of the housewife who worked in her own Siouse with and for those she loved. ' Now all is changed. The factory hand spends! his working day in a igreat, dingy shop with the maddening of the machinery in his ears. His asso lates are strangers with whom he has little or nothing in common besides his -work.. He labors for an indefinite, far-away consumer whose manner of life Is THiknown to him. He has for this consumer neither the fellow-feeling which comes from sharing life in the same community, nor its only substitute, the ability which comes from broad education and from travel to project oneself In imagination across space and to put oneself in the place of a stranger and to realize his needs. The Chautauquan. . j& Arctic America. By Andrew J. Stone, Explorer and Naturalist. UJtUUCJUtJ undertake to give people a correct conception of Arctic Amer ramtJtJU ica, or any part of it, is difficult. Although they know that the fflmffi country is much larger than the United States, they look upon It S2 I S as beinS aH alike a country of long, dark winters, fields of ice SS X SS ' and sn0Tvr and barren wastes In truth, -within Arctic and sub--'UUtTCFntJ' Arctic Amsrica. there is much diversity of climate. And in this UUCRRXCT oeautiful summer-land of Alaska, there are in midsummer end less fields of beautiful plant life. Many times I have left my -camp at the foot of the mountains, and passing through a little meadow where .a variety of wild grasses Waved their topse above my head, I would commence to climb among -the dense, "tangled, and almost tropical jungle of alders, where' -grew several varieties of the most beautiful ferns. Reaching the upper limits of the alders, great, waving fields of the purple lupine and dainty red columbine covered acres and acres of the high, rolling liills. Among them, wild celery and wild parsnip grew many feat high, and other luxuriant foliage plants gave my surroundings an almost tropical ap pearance. A little, farther, many little ponds grew beautiful, yellow lilies, ysrith their great leaves resting on the surface of the water, and the purple iris bordered, the shores. Still higher came the yellow sunflowers, white and purple daisies in endless elds, and higher yet, violets, pinks, forget-me-nots, buttercups and bluebells, and dozens and dozens of dainty, blossoming plants in many colors. Purple is the predominating color, then white and yellow and blue a"d Tank dividing honors. But few red flowers were seen. I have traveled many ipiles where every foot of my way was one grand profusion df beautiful mowers in many varieties. Scribner's. A Look Into the -Future . By President Roosevelt. nave every right to take a just pride In the great clccds of our forefathers; but we how ourselves unworthy to be their descendants if we make what they did an excuse for our lying supine instead of an incentive to the effort to show ourselves hy our acts worthy of them. In the administration of city, State and Nation, in the management of our home life and the conduct of our business and social relations, we arc bound to show eer "Jain high and fine qualities of character -under ncnaltv of rpp;iit & the w-hole heart of our civilization eaten out while the body sua lives. We justly pride ourselves on our marvellous material prosperity, and such -jn-osperity must exist in order establish a foundation upon which a higher life can be built; but unless we do in very fact build this higher life thereon .the material prosperity itself will go for but yery little. Now, in 190C, in the -altered conditions, we must meet the changed and changing problems with the spirit shown by the men who in 1803 and in the subsequent years gained -explored, conquered and settled this vast territory, then a desert now filled -with thriving and populous States. ' t The old days were great because the men who lived in them had mi-htv a ue uiusi maKe uie new aays great by showing these same qual 4Ue. -We must insist.upon courage and resolution, upon hardihood, tenacity amd; fertility in resource; we must insist upon the stronsr virile virf,loc must, insist no less upon the virtues of self-restraint, self-mastery, regard for the rights of others;we must show our abhorrence of cruelty brutality nnd corruption, in public and in private life alike. ' - f . . . If we eonie Jshbrt in any of these qualities we shall measurably fail and i" . as I beUeve we surely shall, we develop these qualities in the, future to ail : S!?, et-e- e' than the Pt, then in thecentury now beginnlh-we " tk!.f 'Pnblice freest and most orderly, the most just and Jnlglity Nation which has ever come forth from the womb of Un THE SONG OF THE CAMP. C By Bayard Taylor. 1 Bayard "aylor was born in Pehnsvlvania in 1825 a r - - " "w; nun me new York Tribune 1849-50. Most of his life was penc in travel, in 1S53 he joined Perry's expedition to Japan. He corresponded with the American papers, and on his re turn to this country he lectured. From 1862-C3 he lived at Sf.. PofprsVinrrr aa Ka.T-a, tary of the legation there. He died in Ber- nunc uc ns umiea otates jiimster, in 1878. He has written of his travels, has translated Goethe -s "Faust and was be sides a poet and novelist. ; ; '"Give us a. song V the soldiers cried, The outer trenches guarding, When the heated guns of the camps allied Grew weary of bombarding. . ' '. . .1 " The dark Ptedan, in silent scoff. : . Lay grim and threatening under; And the tawny mound of the Malakoff jo longer Deicn; a its tnunder. There was a pause. A guardsman said: yve storm tne torts. to-morrow; f Sine while Ave may, another day Will bring enough of sorrow.' r - ' They lay upon the! battery's side, Below the smoking cannon; Brave hearts from Severn and from Clyde And from the banks of Shannon. . They sang of love and not of fame; Forgot was Britain's glory; Each heart recalled a different name, But all sang "Annie Laurie." Voice after voice caught up the song, Until its tender passion Hose like an anthem, rich and strong Their battle-eve confession. Dear girl, her name he dared not speal:, But as the eong gtew louuer Something uoon the soldier's cheek Washed off the stains of powder; Brrond the darkening ocean burned . The bloody sunset's embers, WMIe the Crimean valleys learn'd How English love remembers. Ad once again a fire of hell Rain'd on ths Russian quarters. With scream of shot and burst shell, And bellowing of the mortal's! And Irish Nora's eyes were dim For a singer dumb and gory; And English Alary mourns for hinx Who sang of "Annie Laurie." Slf-ep, soldiers! still in honor'd rest Your truth and valor wearing; The bravest are the tenderest The loving are the, daring. S5 m m m m Why One Girl is Single Now. A TRUE STORY. mm. HE arose suddenly in the meeting and spoke as fol lows: "Married to a drunkard! Yes. I was married to a aiunlvaid. Look at me! I am talkincr to the sirls." We all turned and looked at her. She was a wan woman, with dark, sad eyes and white hair, placed smoothly over a brow that denoted intellect. "Wb?n I married a drunkard .. I reached the acme of misery," she continued. "I was younjr, and oh. so happy! I married the man I loved and who professed to love me. He was a drunkard and I knew it knew it, but did ; hot understand it. Thero is not a youns girl In this build ing that does understand it unless she has a drunkard in her family; then, perhaps, she knows how deeply the Iron enters the soul of a woman when she loves and is allied to a drunkard, whether father, husband, brother or son. Girls, believe me when I tell you that to marry a drunkard, to love a drunkard, is the crown of all misery. I have gone through the de?p waters and know. I have gained that fearful knowledg-? at the expense of my hap piness, sanity, aln:pt life itself. Do you Avonder my hair is white? It turned white in a bight 'bleached by sorrow,' as Marie (Antoinette said of her hair. I am not forty years old, yet the snows of seventy rest upon my bend, and upon my heart ah! I can not begin to count the winters resting there," she said, with unutterable pa thos in her voice. , "3Iy husband was a professional man. His calling took him from horn? frequently at night, and when he returned he returned drunk. Gradu ally he gave way to the temptation in the day until he was rarely sober. I had two lovely little girls and a boy." Here her voice faltered, and we sat' in deep silence listening to her story. "My husband had been drinking deep ly. I had not seen him for two days. He had kept away from his home. Ono night I was seated beside my sick hoy; the two little girls were in bed in the next room into which I heard my husband go as he entered the house. That room communicated with the one in which my little girls were sleeping. I do not know why, but a feeling of terror took possession of me, and I felt that my little girls were in danger. I arose and went to the room. The door was locked. I knocked on it franti cally, but no answer came. I seemed to be endOAved with- superhuman strength, and throwing myself with all my force against the door the lock gave way the door flew open. Oh, the sight! the terrible sight!" she wailed out in a voice that haunts me now, and she covered her face with her hands, and when she removed them it was whiter and sadder than ever, "Delirium tremens! You have. never seen it, , girls. God grant that you never may. My husband stood beside the bed, his eyes glaring with Insanity and in his hand a larsre. knife. 'Take them away,' he screamed. Thf horri ble things, they are crawling all over me. Take them away, I say !V and he" iiourisnea tne knife in the ..air. Re gardless of danger I rushed up to the oea, ana my heart seemed suddenly to cease beating. There lay mv child covered with their life blood, slain by xnir own iatner: For a moment I could not utter a Round. ' T ally dumb in the presence of this terri ble sorrow. I scarcely heeded the ma niac at my slde-the manwhood wrought ine all this woe. xueif , -terd a loud scream, and my waHlngs filled the air. The servants heard me and hastened to the room, and "when my 'husband saw them he suddenly drew the knife across his own throat. I knew nothing more. I was borne senseless from the room that contained my slaughtered children and the; body of my husband. The next day my hair was white and ray mind so shattered that I knew no one." : ; j She ceased! Our eyes were riveted upon her wan face, and some' of the women present sobbed aloud, while there was scarcely a dry eye in that temperance meeting. So much sorrow, we thought, and through no f aiilt of her own? W? saw that she had not done sneaking, and Avas oi'ly waiting to subdue her emotion to resume her story. , ' - !';. "Two years," she continued "I was a mental wreck; then I recoAered from the shock and absorbed myself in the care of my boy. But the sin of the father was visited upon the child, and sir mouths ago my boy of eighteen was placed in a drunkard's grave, and as I, his loving mother, stood and saw the sod heaped OA'er him I said, Thank God! I'd rather "se? him there than have him live a drunkard,' and I turned unto my desolate home a child less woman one on whom the hand;o God had rested heavily. '! "GIris, it is you I wish to rescue from the fate that overtook m?. Do not blast your life as I blasted mine; do not be drawn into the madness of marrying a drunkard. You loA'e him? So much the AA-orse for you. for njarried to him the greater will bo your misery be causo of your Ioa-o. You '.will marry and then reform him, so you say. j Ah! a woman s?.dy overrates her strength Avhen she undertakes to do this, j You are no match for the giant ; demon 'drink Avhen he possesses a man's body and soul. You are "no match for liim, I say. What is your puny strength beside' his gigantic force? He will crush you, too, girls,. It is to save you. girls, from the sorrows that wrecked my happiness that I have unfolded my history to you. I am a stranger in; this great city. I am merely passing through it, and I have a message to bear to every girl In America never marry a drunkard!" I can see her now as she stood there amid the hushed audience, her dark eyes glowing and her frarc.? quivering Avith emotion as she uttered her Impas sioned appeal. Then she hurried! out and we neAer saw her again. Her word?, "fitly spoken," w-ere not with out effect, hoAvever, and because of them there is one girl single noAA Se lected by Editor J. H. Walsh. j : Vanrterbllt Children. ; The-arrival of a neAV Vanderbilt grandchild points again to the prolific record of this dj'nasty of great Wealth. With the Vanderbilts, at least, there is no hint of the race suicide charged generally against the rich. It Is a family notable for early and fruitful marriages. Commodore Cornelius Yonderbiit, who died in 1877, left twelve children. His eldest son, William H., dying in 1SS5, left eight, and the eldest grand son, Cornelius, who died in 1899, six. The old Commodore has had forty great-great-grandchildren. They form a genealogical exhibit which may j be compared for fecundity with that; of the early Dutch and Puritan colonists, Avhosc large broody furnish frequent texts for homilies on race degenera tion, j This newcomer, an Elliot F. Shep-! ard granddaughter, is born to a double heritage of wealth and brains, her mother having gained fame as the prize essayist of the woman's law class of the University of New York. Is there any Yanderbilt child who is not born to at least moderate wealth? ! A casual examination of the family tree shows none. It is a race distinction for a family of such size. NeAV York World. " ! IIoxv a Gxeut Emperor Ale. .The diary of a German 'gentleman.: Bartholomew Sastrow, who lived in the tim-?s of the Emperor Charles V., has just been reprinted for its historical sidelights. Sastrow's description of the table habits of the greatest ruler in his day is very interesting. j " Young princes and qousins served the repast. There were invariably four courses of six dishes. The Emperor had no one to carve for him. He be gan by cutting his bread in pieces large" enough for one mouthful, then attacked his plate. He often used his fingers while he held the plate under his chin with the other hand. j When he felt thirsty he made a sign to the "doctor" standing by the table; then they went to the sideboard for 'two silver flagons, and filled a gob let which held about a measure and a half. The Emperor drained it to the last drop, practically at one draught, j During the meal he neTer uttered a syllable, scarcely smiled- at the" most amusing sallies of the jesters behind his chair, finally picked his teeth with quills, and, after washing his hands retired to a window recess, where, anyi body could approach him with a peti tion. New York World.. ! -V -j, ' ' v" ' 'The HIGH HEELS IN FASHION. The craze for hygiene and athletics has done much toward the suppression of the high heel, which, according to manv doctors, not only deforms the fearer's feet, but is bad for the gen eral health by reason of the unnatural strain on the body caused by the weight being thrown on to the ball of the foot. Now, however, fora while the high heel is to be in faor again, says the London Express, owing to the neAV fashion of the short skirt, which barely reaches to the ankle. It is thought that the high heel decreases the ap parent size of the foot. 3igh heels are more generally worn In Paris than in any, other city in the world; but in Vienna; where they were much in vogue some time ago, the tallor-mr.de costume has been the means of bringing in the square neel. I THE HEAD. Though the coiffures are still pictur esque, they are neater and closer than they were a -few months ago, and a great many are parting the hair in the centre. Wise p?ople adapt the fash ion's 'to their own requirements, espe cially in Iiairdressing. They must be modified to suit the form of face and figure. Ths broad style, which is adapted from the Gainsborough days ha? led to the introduction of lace and tulle interthreaded through 'the hair giving, a cap-like effect to many , a young girl, and the idea would seem to have originated entirely in the facile brain of one milliner, who had studied the! fashions of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries with good effect It is- generally more by accident than anything else that the best notions in dres are originated and then improved on. I In very truth it depends more in theiputting on of clothes than anything "else. THE LACE CAP ONCE MORE i- . The Torupadour style cf teagown has brought in again a pretty conceit for wearing in the hair with it the lace cap! or snood. This is merely a smal triangle of olfi lace which Is fastened her0 and there on the top of the hair with a jeweled pin and tied either high up on the right side just under the ear or taken behind and pinned below the knot of bair at the back. Lace is so becoming to the face that ft Is a won der greater use Is not made of it as a headress; perhaps it is the old-fashr ioned name of cap which militates against it, yet what's in a name? For instead of adding on to the apparent age of the wearer it detracts therefrom being both youthful and becoming. In the eighteenth century lace fillets in the jiair were universally worn by the young matron of fashion; then in early and piid-Victorlan days the cap became the jbadge of sedate matronhood and spin$terhood, and all over thirty years of a&e were expected to Avear it and consider themselves henceforth as pas- see. maid the which, of course, the bachelor of to-day never would do, and so bap had to retire. Philadelphia Telegraph. TREATMENT OF BRIMS. Plateaux and bergeres and other flat or sml-flat bats, writes the- Paris correspondent of the Millinery Trade ReA'iew, are being very materially transformed. - One of the latest ideas is to jroll the brim over on both sides so as to form a point at the back, wThile at the, front it assumes almost a square shapel This is called the cornet de plaiste, .after a certain kind of thin biscuit' which has been known to "many .1.3 . J 'r geiienjuons or j? rencn cnnuren as plaisir, probably because it is all sur face and contains a minimumof nutri ment, j The point is generally kept in position by a piece of ribbon tied round it andj arranged underneath in a knot composed of many loops. Flowers clustered low are frequently added at the side, partly resting on the 'rolled over brim, partly on a cache-pieghe; some, however, have an ostrich feather fastened at the point, tip forward. An other arrangement consists in folding the brim over flat on both sides and likewise the point atrthe back, the ef fect in front being that of a square poue similar to the preceding. Under these circumstances there is no room for a qache-peigne, and the trimming lies on the top on the over-turned brim. js q v - -"v iui jl urpto my best dressed of th rn, V uas a cenain amount a I poAver and looked mn , (W tableaux vivants which p,Cent ;i trice used to arrange at E 'f'L usoorne in the last renin u talents have excited! ti,.,' , 0rte so competent a critic ns Hp.!11'1'31 Wolff, thp vinii-nict t Ir'JoW ily. she fs keenlv intp, , ' 1 "ei'f. London Tatlpr u lj civ UTILITY PARASOls Ever so pretty are the i n shades for morn in tr ltl'e ables be plain. or insf.ii,. sol for morning js 0f .1 spotted in white. At th 7 Sllk a broad band of ninw, in tinv tucks. Almnt ti, ',. S:1s . iiueupj. is an arrangement of ,ra. Iu bbn, looking like a half-n "11 Isn't that prim prettinp i h Another, in the popular blue silk, with little cross-in," ! in it, has a deep border nf, V j vi i in i l blue silk, over Avhich the trr l of nlaln srrppn. ! l' m 'yuA; 5s f were a deeD bor?r blue and green iu -folds ar.i 1 plaid top. It Is very pretty audri?! J 'I s- i '-vi.vuji lUIIl IOf ly, I A Curious Surslcal Dlscorery. I An old soldier living' at .Suguy, in the Ardennes, who was shot In the war of 1S70, afterward had the bullet remoA-ed. During an operation which he has just undergone the surgeon found a penny, dated 1856, deeply em-j bedded behind the bullet scar. It was bent, and had evidently, been carried by the bullet from the man's 'pocket into the flesh. A Thoughtful Wife. Every thoughtful" wife has a suspi cion that a million dollars may fall into her husband's lap any minute, and she has the list of the things she will buy then all made out. New Yoik Press, ; A. ROYAL. ARTIST. The fuss which has been-made over the picture of a friend exhibitPfi hv the Duchess of Argyll reminds one that iaic oir jKugar xsoenm, who was a good judge, had a very high opinion of the duchess' talents as an artist auu especially as a sculptor. She was his pupil and used often to visit his studio. She has a very practical studio at Kensington Palace, where she has executed most of her works, including the picthre referred to above, tb sit ting statue of the late Queen which faces the Round Pond, the statue of the late jQueen which she did for Man- iCnathedra,V,ani tfae bust of the lat Queen which stands in the gallery of the Institute of Water Pni ors in Piccadilly. . r Co1' The Duchess of Argyll has been fn vored bi time., and at the present dav ho hardly looks over thirty. Her ness. IlerTeatures are good; she has the long; straight nose and large eyes of the royal family Her hair 7o?t In the United States the majors J Miss Gwendoline'. Stewart, cf c: luau ways 01 uoussKeeping. Tf Is lint npppssni-ir r nc. u ue lflp . pjcAiou urutsu uaiiy. used too fri, it may coarsen tne skin. Once is sufficient. a weetl admitted to practice law at t!ie bar of Holland, has just passed tor nmC tion, her husband also a -lawyer; a I ing as her sponsor. typewriter was devised by Mis Ecgi D. Mills. The invention iieies the construction of special Tools and these she made also. The House of Commons ordered war medals to' be presented to. .the "fite American women nurses who served on the hospital ship Main.? -iirSosta African and Chinese waters. An 'important attachment to the s?tt-. Ing machine was invented by Miss Helen Blanchard, and the hand reftii eratrr and lunch box is the work of Miss Phillips, of Dorchester," Mass. When applying .cold cream to skin, rub on with a slow rotary mo tion, using a slight pressure. Take time and lay in a stock. of p.irtenee When setting out on the journey titer beauty. The Italian Minister onisraeta decorated .with a silver metlal for valor Luigia Felieiotti, a girl seventeen ;ear of age, for two conspicuously brave deeds. She first rescued from drown ing at Porto Recariati, her native place, a man much her senior,' -and after- ward swam out from the shore to per form a similar service for a girl who had fallen out of a small boat. fancies "O-'he belt is a prominent fearers the most .swagger summer toilettes. The new full skirt with its very much fuller back, is now seen every; where.. Wide cuffs and collars- so wide- to be almost cape-like are the favor-, ites of fashion. Patent leather ties, with the military heel, are holdiiis first r''f for walking shoes. . A wide girdle, with sash ends. is?3 exceedingly smart and much-liked nn ish for summer bodices. v. Black and white are still the favor ites for the most desirable cos but tan and brown are close seconas. "Ensemble" gowns are' very mod' now and particular attention is P; ' to matching the sunshade, go 33 hat. Before the end of the summer ls open-work hosiery is to be supeie by the filmiest of . plain siV1 or hose. The general outlines of the n2' skirts are a full back, smooth over h'ps, falling from there full to ground. The pnnn or, ,or.it pfTects arc necessary accompaniments to tne hats in vogue, to provide a becoffi broad basis for the head. ' The restaurant crown and picture- to match arejnow indispensable to - pftmnlaa fom!nln -n-avrlrnbe. SO lar has dining in public become. Linen suits of ecru, white. ? - and blue, with an instep lengu y and long:skirted, slightly bloiised c ' will be among the smartest of the & mer. Black 'njttPTit'tofl ih or nnd red morf' . belts about four inches broad, PV. plain and with a very simple br.c -are among the new tailor go'n a v , sories. A nine-inch lcnntted fringe, as edge finish for the deep shoulder lar of a fimflrt taffpta walking sui an , advance idea that promises to quite popular. the For the flower-trimmed at mauve shades of lavender are the r- the fas&- nnnhlo fa n-A wUh lilacs, :eria or a larger blossom that rese , bles the atalea. -
Polk County News and The Tryon Bee (Tryon, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
June 25, 1903, edition 1
2
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