UIjH UOUNTY NEWS, TRYOJM, JM. C. i j
e r
FOR' FEEDING CATTLE
53
nerimcnt Station Conducted
xPerim- -r-., Value -Va-
Pent Given.
Wilis nf-
the
r-nited States depart-
M rliirto1 fit thf
ovtierinii'iH unmu
st.-itiou to test the
MueOf OXH Ml-
'u .... nra nnrn nnn
,-if corn Mi-ifett
Jl was just as valuable
Superior Beef Type
Jonomy ana extern, vl gmus wneu
irlth oat straw as when fed with
hay. As such a ration is exten
ded in various parts of the
fl States its practical value can
fr be seen. Straw and stover are
ally valuable for the wintering'
eding herds of beef cattle, and
j form a large part of their feed,
ions suitable for different classes
ef cattle are as follows :
Rations for Breeding Cows.
Ill
raw, 10 pounds,
age, 20 pounds.
ttonseed or linseed meal, 1 pound.
n2:!
raw, 20 pounds.
ittonseed or oil cake, 2 pounds.
nJr
raw, 10 pounds.
lock corn, 13 pounds.
jttonseed meal or linseed meal, 1
lound.
m 4:
over, 33 pounds.
ttonseed or linseed oil meal, 1
pound.
ons for Feedinq 1,000-Pound Fat
tening steers.
bnl:
Jtraw, 5 pounds.
Jllage, 18 pounds.
!orn, 12 pounds.
ion 2:
Straw, 8 pounds.
legume hay. 6 pounds.
Cottonseed cake or linseed cake, 5
pounda
!on 3:
tover, 10 pounds.
Wage, 15 pounds,
'orn, 12 pounds.
on 4:
traw, S pounds.
Stover, 15 pounds.
3Com, 6 pounds.
Cottonseed meal, 8 pounds.
In these rations various other feeds
T be substituted. In the rations
en for wintering breeding cows defi-
quantities of straw, and stover;
given. In actual feeding such fig
p should be somewhat disregarded
jfl the cattle given as much roughage
they will consume.
partings may be fed three-fourth
F ration for breeding cows and may.
j exported to come through the win-'
f in fair to good condition.
For fattening animals strtw should
fays be within reach so that the ani-j
f1 may eat at will. They will usually
t from three to five pounds daily.
PTENTION TO COLTS FEET
jxamine Thsm Carefully Whether on
Pasture or in BarnKeep Toes
P-operly Trimmed.
I
- - !
'
pok frequently at the feet of the have."
i us' Whether on the pasture or In'
le barn, and remedy things before
ley get bad. Keep the toes trimmed
n tO thp nronor Ion rrtVi and Hn Tint
the heels to run nvor And cret
ne tendencv to nn on .iir -arm ha relieve"
WCa
refully F-j and Pastiimrf Alfalfa
18 Excellent for All Classes
of Live Stock.
' '-auriuiiy icu anu yus-
fn. v. 1,c U1 lIe uest rougnages
DrnH ne raPia increase m tne
Ruction of alfalfa in the United
in BeS durIn? recent years has resulted
bllitr careful study of Its possl-
stoot tS a f00(i f or a11 Masses of liv
as a FormerIy it was used primarily
a feP?Jtle fee3. hut now It Is used as
a for norses, swine and sheep.
2Sr-S ' "EMU AND OSTRICH. SjLi'-- 5KH7 1 nAfN ?r'l S' '' ' m'b'ly
-s. ' i ,"'"ow"-
I hate the spring," said the Emu.
Why?" asked the Ostrich, looking
as foolish as usual.
"Because, said the Emu, "I hate it."
"I suppose that means a lot to you
it doesn't mean any thin to me," said
the Ostrich.
"I don't ' mean to have you under
standthat is I don't care whether
you do understand or not. Why should
it bother .me? It doesn't"
"I don't even see," said the Ostrich,
"now that I have thought it over, how
it can mean anything to you. At first
I thought it must or you couldn't have
said it. Now I think nothing of the
sort."
''It shows you're nothing but a fool
ish Ostrich," said the Emu. "It's the
simplest thing in the world to under
stand me. I don't try to be learned
and I don't try to know a lot. I'm
naturally , rather stupid and I make no
effort to be anything else."
"You're something like me," said the
Ostrich. ,
"To be sure I am," said the Emu.
"Then I suppose I must not bother
about your foolish reasons."
"No," said the Emu, "it's not worth
while. I hate the spring because it's
the spring and, so that's enough."
"Yes," said the Ostrich, "if you hate
the spring because you hate it that's
surely reason enough."
"It isn't because I hate the spring so
much," the Emu began again after the
Ostrich had decided that the subject of
spring had been dropped.
"No?" questioned the Ostrich po
litely. "It's" because in the spring I feel so
very, vety cross," said the Emu.
"Are you cross now?" asked the Os
trich. "I am," admitted the Emu.
"Too bad," said the Ostrich,
'But
you know I have troubles too."
"Have you?" asked the Emu. "When
I feel cross I like troubles yes, plenty
of them ! Tell me yours."
"For years and years and years,"
said the Ostrich, "folks have said that
I hid my head under sand when danger
was near. Now that is not true. I He
low and my head is on the sand but
not under it. No, no, no!"
"How did such a story ever get
around?" asked the Emu.
I have no Idea," said the Ostrich.
"It does seem a pity, doesn't it?"
"Ah, yes," said the Emu, "it does
seem a great pity. In fact everything
seems a pity. It's a very sad world,
especially in the spring time. So many
"You've Certainly Got the Blues,"
Said the Ostrich.
people and creatures like the spring,
Oh, how foolish are people and crea
tures." ,
"You've certainly got the 'blues,
said the Ostri(?h.
"Blues!" shrieked the Emu.x "I've
not got the blues. Nor have I got one
bit of blue about me. I'm brown, gray
brown, that's what I am
"Oh deaf," said the Ostrich, "they
say I'm silly, but you are even more
SO.'
"Prhnns " said the Emu. "but I don't
know what you are talking about now."
"Wait and I will tell you," said the
Ostrich.
"I'm waiting," said the Emu. "I've
had no Intention of moving on anyway.
I have nothing else to do today."
"When I said that you had the
'blues',' " commenced the Ostrich, "I
did not mean that you wera blue in
color, nor that you had blue feathers.
BUt when creatures have the 'blues'" it
means that they are depressed and sad
and mournful,"
"Oh," said the Emu, "that's differ
ent. Then 1 have the 'blues1. Yes, I
"You're quite pleased about it, eh?"
HSked the Ostrich, grinning.
"I am," agreed the Emu.
"Well." said the Ostrich, 'Tm not so
sure that creatures are supposed to bfl
lQnd. if tho 4- nUnoori nhont having the 'blues.' They
the top nnrf nf chnnirl hp verv sad they have them, I
noed to o minima t , oovio "fim m nn a " said the Emu, "it's
P feet should be frequently cleaned enough to hate the spring and to feel
Fa trlmm.Hi and th w Vpt in Its cranky. Let me at least be pleased
FPer shape. - that I do feel that way."
I "Quite the queerest animal in the
lift r l "i.4-1 stVt o a K a nro 1 Ir wY
rnu nuuGHAGE FOR SHEEP -.- - ln""! r" "3"
awflv. "tie acxuunj
a
cross and 'blue."
One of the Secrets.
Sometimes when we are marveling
St the Droducts of Edison's genius it
may do us good to remember one thing
hmit him. A friend who had known
him Rince he was a boy of fourteen
:sald of him- that he had never spent
au Idle day his life,; Very moderate
gifts would bring wonderful results If
Lkod nn bs unremitting Industry.
That is onpf:jthe secrets of Edison's
raccegs.-GirJ's upmpa....
it:
View of the Port
PUBLIC attention has been
drawn to Vladivostok, Russia's
great Pacific ocean port, by
the possibility that Japan
might Intervene to save the immense
stores sent there by the allies to help
the Russians In their fight against
Germany. Vladivostok or "Queen of
the East," as the name signifies, is
the eastern terminus of the jpreat
Trans-Siberian railway, Marion H.
Dampman writes in the Pittsburgh
Gazette-Times. The corresponding
western garrison city is called Vladl
kaukas or "Queen of the Caucasus."
At one end of the long main avenue
of Vladivostok stands an imposing
statue of Admiral Neyelskol, who laid
the foundation of Russia's occupancy
of Pacific ports; on the statue are in
scribed the famous words of Czar
Nicholas I, "Where the Russian flag
has been hoisted it must never be
lowered." At the other end of the
avenue, where the railroad crosses the
boulevard toward Europe, Is a post
on which is engraved in gigantic let
ters the simple statement : "Vladivos
tok to St. Petersburg, 9,922 Versts."
The mean annual temperature of
Vladivostok Is about 40 degrees Fah
renheit, although it lies in the same
latitude as Marseilles, France, and
Buffalo, N. Y. Its bay is ice bound
from the middle of December to the
beginning of March ; but sea communi
cation is rendered possible by ice
breakers. Its elevation above the sea
is considerable and there are no bar
riers to the north to protect it from
the piercing winds; while the Japan
ese archipelago interposes so as to
prevent any advantage being derived
from the warm waters of the Black
current, the Gulf stream of the Pa
cific. Splendidly situated at the head of
a peninsula about twelve miles long,
separating two deep bays, whose
shores, however, are completely sterile,
Vladivostok faces the western and
more Important- of the two bays In a
harbor called the Golden Horn. The
shallowest part of the harbor Is 12
fathoms in depth and is so extensive
that 60 steamers of 5,000 tons each
could ride there, leaving broad chan
nels for maneuvering for a navy.
There are no artificial breakwaters,
as nature provided such in a massive
island directly athwart the entrance to
the bay which acts as a fortress not
only toward the angry sea but toward
invading fleets. On this island the
Manchuria silka or spotted deer are
preserved. The Vladivostok harbor is
considered vastly superior to that of
Port Arthur, which is 530 miles far
ther south, except In climatic condi
tions. More Men Than Women.
The town was founded in 1860 and
has a shifting population, variously es
timated from 75,000 to 120,000, which
includes many soldiers, Chinese, Jap
anese and Koreans. The houses are
stone and several stories In height,
presenting quite an Imposing appear
ance In comparison with the small
wooden-housed towns of interior Si
beria. Its streets are lively but vast
ly different from Vancouver, Tacoma
and Seattle, on the American side of
the Pacific. Pigtailed Chinese in blue,
Koreans in white and Japanese in
varicolored costumes are mixed with
soldiers, sailors and Europeans in
civilian garb. There are many more
men than women; for most of the in
habitants are there to amass fortunes
and expect to return to their homes
and families when they have done so.
Living, too, costs very high, which Is
another reason for not making It a
permanent abode.
Seen from the sea the town rises in
terraces. The houses glitter in the
sun and give an invitation to land.
Once on shore one is quickly Im
pressed with being In a money-making
place and not a place of residence.
Cargoes hastily discharged are stacked
high in every available place. The
streets, are crowded with horses, carts
and men of all nationalities. There
Is one fine street, on which are the
residences of the governor, .the com
mander of the port and many other
nafnates. There are several . . fine
of Vladivostok.
monuments, one of which is in honor
of the last czar's visit. Thre are
numerous churches, Roman Catholic,
Greek Catholic and Lutherans; a
museum is noted for its collection of
weapons and costumes of the far East;
and the Orient institute was opened
in 1899 for the study of Asiatic lan
guages. The crispness of the air, the
newness of everything and the gen
eral hustle and stir are suggestive of
Alaska rather than the Orient, were It
not for the ponies with their Russian
harness and the prevalent Russian
beards.
Piled High With Supplies.
All things consumed in the town and
all the adjacent territory must be im
ported, as locally there are only
bricks, matches, lumber and a bad
beer to be had. No risk of seizure be
ing foreseen, great speculative possi
bilities being open to traders, and th
port offering the best means of send
ing provisions and munitions to Rus
sia, combined to ppduce an extraor
dinary state of affairs in that far
away city. There is a perfect glut of
coal, kerosene, cotton, flour and muni
tions of all kinds waiting for further
transportation and with no protection.
European express trains could trav
erse the long distance between Petro-
grad and Vladivostok in less than a
week ; but it Is not possible to- run
trains over the Siberian railway at
such high speeds, as the road Is con
structed lightly, so the journey re
quires nine days, and previous to the
war was done twice weekly by express
trains. The fare was more than $275,
the difficulties varying from sheets
and soap to pistols and mosquito veils
The plan to construct this great
Russian railway was started as early
as 1875, but It was not begun until
1891. The Vladivostok station was
opened by the recent czar in 1897. It
is an excellent building, but has been
used so much for the coming and go
ing of troops that its dirt and dilapida
tion make the weary traveler feel as
though he had stepped Into an aban
doned emigration camp. Very light
rails are used on the tracks of the
Trans-Siberian road, but Russian en
gineers believe in very heavy ties;
timber may be had for the asking, so
half deeply embedded In ballast, to
give the tracks the strength Americans
provide with heavier rails.
It Is a Free Port.
The importance of Vladivostok lies
In the fact that it is the natural ware
house of this vast region, both from
a commercial and a military point of
view. Russia, China, Korea and Japan
are all interested In Its trade and
connected with it by railroad or ship
communications. It has been a free
port and Russia has been remarkably
liberal in encouraging other nations
In helping her to build up an ever
growing traffic and develop the re
sources of a rich inland frontier,
Germany Is fully alive to the value
of this trade, whose value is ever
growing; and when the war gamble is
over she would like to possess it. The
presence of large Korean agriculture
communities very near, great Chinese
Immigration tide surging in the dis
trict. the unceasing activity of the
JaDanese fishing boats that trade
along the coast, the fact that Euro
pean culture is not yet definitely es
tablished all these things appeal to
the German mind, with visions of pos
sibilities for the future.
Vladivostok is immensely strong as
a naval fortress, being surrounded by
76 forts on the seawafd side, but at
the rear there is a great open country
that now lies at the mercy of bol
shevik! sympathizers and German
spies. Russia's chief dread has been
of nearby Japan; so her fortification
of Vladivostok has all pointed toward
that power that lies only 450 miles
across the Japan sea.
Wild Guess.
"Why do they refer to a statesman
as a solon?"
"The word is derived from the dead
ianguages." answered the man who an
sumes to know everything, "and re
fers to a statesman's Instinctive de
sire to gt on a platform and do av
oratorical solo," "
POTATO DISHES.
We are asked to increase the use
of potatoes because of a good supply
at present In many sec
tions. This will save
grain and as potatoes
are rich in starch they
may. help in the saving
of bread.
Panned Potatoes Cut
cold boiled potatoes in
quarter inch slices,
dredge lightly with flour
and fry in a little hot
fat. When light brown,
heap on the side of the pan, let stand
a few minutes, then turn out as an
omelet. Sprinkle with salt and
serve at once.
Potato pancakes are a great ; deli
cacy and may be used occasionally
for a supper dish although rather
hearty for the young people.
Mashed potatoes with a little cod
fish may be made into cakes and
browned on both sides.
Scalloped Potatoes. Wash and pare
the potatoes, cut in slices and let them
stand a half hour in cold water.
Drain, then put a layer of the pota
toes in a buttered baking dish, sprin-
le with salt and pepper, dredge with
flour and dot with bits of oleo or
any butter substitute, adding a little
grated cheese or a few sliced hard-
cooked eggs to make a more nouri
shing dish. Repeat until the dish is
full, then cover with hot milk and
bake in a moderate oven one and a
fourth hours.
Potato Salad. Mix cold boiled pota
to, a little chopped onion, a cucum
ber and a little celery or some chopped
green pepper ; one or all of these will
make a good salad. Garnish with
hard-cooked egg and make a boiled
dressing, using the vinegar left from
any sweet pickled cucumbers. The
spice and flavor make a dressing es
pecially good. For variety, cold beets,
chopped parsley, cooked carrots or
fresh carrot finely ground, ; or In fact
any vegetable, may be added to the
potato without hurting its palatabii
ity. Leftover peas and beans with a
slice of tomato for a garnish may be
used In combination with potato. A
hot potato salad is especially well
liked. Here one may use any fat,
olive or corn oil and heat the spiced
vinegar to pour over the potatoes.
As a nation we eat and waste 80 per
cent more protein than we require to
maintain health. We also eat. and
waste 240 per cent more fat than Is
necessary.
GOOD EATS TO SAVE MEATS.
The variety of beans which are now
erown. each having a flavor of its
own, making a va
riety, so that "to
uui ftuuw uvu.ua
these days is a
3
wen deserved op
probrium. The soy
bean is rich In fat
and much richer in
protem than ofhei
beans. They have
been milk and butter to the Oriental
people and we are Just beginning to
know their value. There are also the
lima, kidney and navy beans, as well
as a dozen varieties of various colors
and names that wo may grow In our
gardens this summer.
Black Soy Bean Soup. Take a cup
ful of cooked black soy beans, four
cupfuls of water, one-half an onion, a
stalk of celery, a teaspoonful of salt,
& half -teaspoonful of pepper, one-eighth
of a teaspoonful of mustard and a ta
blespoonful of fat. Cook the onion in
the fat ; add the beans, water and sea
sonings. Simmer one hour. Serve hot.
Soy beans are often hard to cook ten
der. They should be well soaked and
cooked In the same water, as much of
the nutriment of any vegetable is wast
ed by throwing away the water in
which it was cooked.
1 Lima Beans en Casserole. Soak one
cupful of lima beans, cook until soft,
then drain. Brown one onion, minced
in a quarter of a pound of salt pork
cut In cubes. Add the beans and two
chirds of a cupful of the bean liquor,
place in a greased baking dish and
bake until brown.
Bean Roast. Take a cupful of
stewed beans and a cupful of peanuts,
put them through a meat chopper, add
a half-cupful of bread crumbs, a tea
spoonful of :wfct, a dash of pepper and
a half -cupful of milk ; shape Into a loaf
and bake 30 minutes. Serve hot with
tomato sauce.
Peanut Butter Soup. Take a cupful
of peanut butter, three cupfuls of milk,
two teaspoonfuls of salt, a dash of
pepper, a tablespoonful of flour mixed
with the peanut butter; cook all to
gether and whip well with an egg beat
er. Celery water or minced onion may
be added for flavor.
"Mind" and "Body."
An English writer, Prof. L. T. Hob
house, remarks that the mlnd" of
t nation Is a real agency, and he sug
gests there Is an analogy In the human
body which Is the result of vital proc
esses going on In a myriad of inde
pendent cells. The body Is not another
'ell. It is something more than all the
cells that compose It.
BREEDING TURKEYS ON FARES
Surprisingly Small Number of Fowte
on Farms More Could and
Ought to Be Raised.
f Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Raise more turkeys on the farm. It
can be done with little additional oat
lay, and many more turkeys could and
should be raised.
The small number of turkeys per
farm In the United States is surpris
ing. According to the census of 191Q,
which is the latest census that has
been taken, only 13.7 -per cent of the
total number of farms reported any
turkeys at all and on these farms re-
porting
turkeys, an average of but
Profitable Type for Any Farm.
slightly over four breeding turkeys was
found per farm. There are some farms
which by the nature of the crops
grown on them or because of unfavor
able surroundings are not adapted t
turkey raising, hut most farms are
adapted to - turkey raising and could
easily handle a breeding flock -of from
10 to 15 hen turkeys and a torn, raid
ing from 75 to 150 turkeys each year
at a good profit.
Good prices were paid to the turkey
raiser during the past marketing sea
son. On December 15, 1917, the ave
age price per pound live weight paid
to the farmer was 30.5 cents In New
York state, 23.7 cents In Illinois, 2$
cents in Georgia, 19.3 cents in, Texas,
and 27.1 cents in California. The aver
age price throughout the United States
was 23 cents. r ,.;.
BEST POULTRY HOUSE FLOOR
Each Has Its Advantages and Disad
vantages and All Should Be Care
fully Considered.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
In making the floor of the poultry
house several things must be taken
Into consideration. Where the soll oa
which the house is constructed is light
and well drained, earth floors are satis
factory and economical. WTiere the
soil is heavy and drainage is not good,
as is usually the case when it contains
much clay, floors made of wood or ce
ment are generally preferred. Eadi
kind of floor has its advantages and
disadvantages, and it Is only after ths
consideration of 'all types should, a
poultry keeper make his selection.
A floor of earth needs to be renewed
at lenst once a year. If the droppings
that fall upon the floor are carefully
removed at frequent, regular intervals,
much of the earth is removed wtrk
them. If the regular cleaning of the
floor is superficial, the earth of the
floor to a depth of several inches be
comes so mixed with droppings that its
condition Is very insanitary. ,
When the poultry keeper has a gar
den, the manure obtained by removing
the earth floor of the poultry house will
compensate for the labor of renewing
rhe floor, arid the new earth requires!
can be taken from a convenient pot
on his own land. WThen the poultry
keeper must pay some one e1ets
take away the old earth and bring !i
new, the cost will In a few years ex
ceed the cost of a cement floor.
The principal fault of a cement floor
is that it Is likely to be cold und damp.
These conditions may be corrected by
covering the floor to a depth of an.
inch or two with dry earth or sand,
using over this scratching litter of
straw or sWvlngs. Floors so treated
require as much routine work to keeri
them in good order as ear'h floors, but
the supply of clean earth required Is
much less and the work of annual ren
ovation is eliminated.
Floors of wood are not now muca
used In poultry houses except when the
space under the floor is high enough ts
be occupied by poultry. A woode
floor close to the ground soon rota,
while any space under a floor not high
enough to be used for poultry makes
a harbor for rats and other vermin.
The wooden floor of a poultry house
should have a 1'ght coating oT dry
earth, sand, chaff or similar utaterUO,
Butcher Only Healthy Hogs.
Only hogs which are known to "be
healthy should be butchered. There is
always danger that disease saay . fee
transmitted to those who eat the meat,
Alfalfa Good for Swine. . .
That alfalfa hay can be used to. ad
vantage In the growing and fattentejj
of swine is proved by experiments
conducted at -the Wyoming station.
Success With Sheep.
To be .successful with , sheep,
must be careful of the details, , .