POLK COUNTY' frEWS, TRYON, N. 0
LIBERTIES OF ALL
MUST BE SECURE
At Tomb of Washington, Pre:!
dent Wilson Say: America's
Participation in This War Is
Fruitage of What Our Fore
fathers Planted,
HEARTENS STRICKEN RUSSIA.
There Can Be But One Issue The Set
tlement Must Be Final There Can
Be No Compromise These Are the
Ends for Which the Associated Peo
ple of the World Are Fighting and
Which Must Be Conceded Them Be
fore There Can Be Peace.
Wnshingt on. President Wilson vis
ited the tomb of Washington at Mount
vernou on ;he Fourth of July and
there delivered the following address :
Gentlemen of
and My Fellow
the Diplomatic Corps
Citizens I am happy
to draw apart with you to this quiet
place of old counsel in order to speak
a little of the meaning of this day of
our nation's independence. The place
seems very still and remote. It fs as
serene and untouched by the hurry of
the world as It was in those great days
long ago when General Washington
was here and held leisurely conference
with the men who were to be associat
ed with him in the creation of a na
'tlon. From these gentle slopes they
looked out upon the world and saw It
wlwle. saw It with the light of the fu
ture upon It, saw It with modern eyes
that turned away from a past which
men of liberated spirits could no long
er endure. It is for that reason that
we cannot feet, even here. In the im
mediate presence of this sacrecTtomb,
that this Is a place of death. It was a
place of achievement. A great prom
ise that was meant for all mankind
Was here given plan and reality. The
associations by which we are here sur
rounded are the inspiriting associa
tions of that noble death which Is only
a glorious consummation. From this
green hillside we also ought to be able
to see with comprehending eyes the
world that lies about us and should
conceive anew the purposes that must
set men free.
Acting for All Mankind.
It Is significant significant of their
own character and purpose and of the
Influences they were setting afoot
that Washington and his associates,
like the barons at Runnymede, spoke
and acted, not for a class, but for a
.people. It has been left for us to see
to It that It shall be understood that
they spoke and acted, not for a single
people only, but for all mankind. They
were thinking, not of themselves and
of the material interests which center
ed in the little groups of landholders
and merchants and men of affairs "with
whom they were accustomed to act, In
Virginia and the colonies to the north
r.nd south of her. but of a people which
wished to be done with classes and
special interests and the authority of
men whom they had not themselves
chosen to rule over them. They en
tertained no private purpose, desired
no peculiar privilege. They were con
sciously planning that men of, every
class should be free and America a
place to which men out of every nation
mighl resort who wished to share with
them the rights and privileges of free
ir.cn. And we take our cue from them,
do we not? We intend what they In
tended. We here in America believe
owv participation in this present war to
u only the fruitage of what they
planted. Our case differs from theirs
only in this, that It Is our inestimable
privilege to concert with men out of
every nation what shall make not only
the liKerties of America secure, but
the liberties of every other people as
well. We are happy in the thought
that we are permitted to do what they
would have done had they been in our
place. There must now be settled once
for all what was settled for America
In the great age upon whose inspira
tion we draw today. This is surely a
tilting place from which calmly to look
out upon our task, that we may forti
fy our spirits for its accomplishment.
And this 's the appropriate place from
which to avow, alike to the friends
who look on and to the friends with
whom we have the happiness to be as
sociated in action, the faith and pur
pose with which we act.
Unorganized and Helpless Russia.
This, then, is our conception of the
preai struggle in which we are engag
ed. The plot is written plain upon
owry scene and every act of the su
preme tragedy. On the one hand stand
the peoples of the world, not only the
peoples actually engaged, but many
others also who Suffer under mastery
but cannot act ; peoples of many races
and in every part of the world the
people of stricken. Russia still, among
the rest, though they are for the mo
ment unorganized and helpless. Op
posed to them, masters of many armies,
stand an Isolated, friendless group of
governments who speak no common
purpose, but only selfish ambitions of
r their own by which none can profit
but themselves and whose peoples are
fuel in their hands; governments
which fear their people and yet are for
the time their sovereign lords, mak
ing every choice for them and dispos
ing of their Uvea and fortunes as they
will as well as of the lives and f -tunes
of every people who fall under
thel- power government clothed with
I the strange trappings and the primi
tive authority of an age that Is alto
gether alien and hostile to our own.
Tin past and the present are In deadly
grapple, and the peoples of the world
are being done to death between them.
There can be but one Issue. The set
tlement must be final. There can be
no compromise. No halfway decision
would be tolerable. No half way deci
sion Is conceivable. These are the
ends for which the associated peoples
of the world are fighting and which
must be conceded them before there
can be peace :
The Terms of Peace.
L The destruction of every arbitrary
power anywhere that can separately,
secretly and of Its single choice dis
turb the peace of the world, or, If it
cannot be presently destioyed, at least
its reduction to virtual impotence.
II. The settlement of every question,
whether of territory, of sovereignty,
of economic arrangement or of politi
cal relationship, upon the basis or the
free acceptance of that settlement by
the people Immediately concerned, and
not upon the basis of the material in
terest or advantage of any other na
tion or people which may desire a dif
ferent settlement for the sake of its
own exterior Influence or mastery.
III. The consent of all nations to be
governed in their conduct towards each
other by the same principles of honor
and of respect for the common law of
civilized society that govern the indi
vidual citizens of all modern states In
their relations with one another, to the
end that all promises and covenants
may be sacredly observed, no private
plots or conspiracies hatched, no selfish
injuries wrought with Impunity and a
mutual trust established upon the
handsome foundation of a mutual re
spect for right.
IV. The establishment of an organi
zation of peace which shall make it
certain that the combined power of
free nations will check every invasion
of right and serve to make peace and
justice the more secure by affording a
definite tribunal of opinion to which
all must submit and by which every
international readjustment that can
not be amicably agreed upon by the
pepples directly concerned shall be
sanctioned.
Great Objects in One Sentence.
These great objects can be put Into
a single sentence. What we seek Is
the reign of law, based upon the con
sent of the governed and sustained by
tre organized opinion of mankind. ;
These great ends cannot be achiev
ed by debating and seeking to recon
cile and accommodate what stateslnen
may wish, with their projects for bal
ances of power and of national oppor
tunity. They can be realized only by
the determination of what the thinking
peoples of the world desire, with their
longing hope for Justice and for social
freedom and opportunity.
I can fancy that the air of this place
carries the accents of such principles
with a peculiar kindness. Here were
started forces which the great nation
against which they were primarily di
rected at first regarded as a revolt
against its . rightful authority, but
which it has long since seen to have
been a step In the liberation of Its own
people as well as of the people of the
United States, and I stand here now to
speak speak proudly and with confi
dent hope ot the spread of this re
volt, this liberation, to the great stage
of the world itself I The blinded rulers
of , Prussia ha ve roused forces they
knew little of forces which, once
aroused, can never be crushed to earth
again, for they have at their heart an
inspiration and a purpose which are
deathless and of the very stuff of tri
umph I
"HAIL SHIPEUILDERSI"
CRIES ARMY AT FRONT
ON JULY 4 LAUNCHINGS.
Washington. A cablegram received
from General Pershing In reply to one
sent by Chairman Hurley of the Ship
ping Board said :
"The launching of 100 ships on the
Fourth of July is the most Inspiring
news that has come to us.
"AH ranks of the army In France
send their congratulations and heart
felt thanks to their patriotic brothers
in the shipyards at home.
"No more defiant answer could be
given to the enemy's challenge. With
such backing we cannot fall to win.
All hail American shipbuilders!"
Ships in June Break Records.
Washington. Ship production In the
United Slates in June amounted to
280,400 deadweight tons, making the
total 1918 production to date 1,804.670
tons.
The June production, which is at the
rate of 3,364,800 tons a year, is u new
record for the United States and is the
greatest output of ocean going tonnage
ever completed in any one month by
any nation. It comes within 15,000
tons of the world's record for ship
building, made by the British ship
yards in May, which Included all
classes of vessels.
Of the month's output steel ships to
talled 262,900 tons and wooden ships
17,500 tons. The number of vessels
was not announced, as it was discover
ed that several had been put Into serv
ice so quickly after delivery that In
spectors had not made reports on them
to the Shipping Board's statistical de
partment. Tonnage figures were available from
the division of operations.
An amazing growth In output was
disclosed hy detailed figures foi the
four weeks of June. In the first week
six ships of 24,430. deadweight tons
were delivered, the second week ten
more of 64,732 tons were added, and in
the third week the average for t
month was made one a day bj
completion of five ships, totaling c
260 tons.
iii- Jr t --- - -'i -I "fill W'l
1- ' -iH FR0NT OF 8 It
I h- f! frit ' - ' - if ' j
S ip a. ' ' ' ' j Sh ' 'wWv
H;SB & JL i ' - l . ' ' . 1 man offensive alori. .r1
f
This is the American hospital ship
without protection to test the behaviour
Castle the plan has been held' up and
NEWS REVIEW OF
THE PAST WEEK
Most Glorious Independence Day
in History of the United,
States eclebrated.
HUNDRED VESSELS LAUNCHED
President Wilson Declares There Can
Be No Compromise With the Foe
Secretary Baker's Heartening
Statement Confusing
State of Affairs in
Russia.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD.
With more than a million Americans
n France: fighting for the freedom of
the world;-with more than another
million Americans in training for the
same great contest ; with the subma
rine menace finally overcome, the
"bridge across the Atlantic" completed
and Its maintenance assured by the
tremendous amount of shipbuilding ac
complished and underway ; with quan
tity and quality production of airplanes
and artillery announced ; with huge
crops In prospect, and finally with the
nation solidly behind the government
in Its plans for the prosecution the
war to a victorious finish, the people
of the United States very properly
made the celebration of the Fourth of
July the greatest celebration In the
history of the country. No task so
great and glorious ever before con
fronted them, no more lofty Idealism
ever inspired them to perform the
task, never was their confidence In
their power so absolute.
With reason, too, was the national
holiday celebrated by the allies of
America, and especially gratifying was
the fact that tne day was made a na
tional holiday by many of the Latin
American republics for that indicate
that the unreasonable Jealousy and
fear of the United States some of them
have entertained Is passing away.
fe
Though last Thursday was not so
noisy as the old-time Fourths, there
was one most glorious noise that, fig
uratively speaking, must have been
distinctly heard in Berlin and Vienna.
That was the "grand, splash" when
about one hundred vessels were
launched at the various shipyards of
the country. Between sunrise and
sunset approximately half a million
tons of dead weight shipping was add-:
ed to the fleets that are defeating the
subjnarine pirates, carrying our armies
to France and transporting the food
and munitions for them and our al
lies. This greatest ship launching In.
all history was the most significant
feature of the day's celebrations.
In the fiscal year just ended 1,622
new ships were numbered by the bu
reau of navigation, their gross ton-'
nagt. being 1,430,793. This was a rec
ord output and one-half of It was com
plete!.! in the last four months. In the
new fiscal year this record will be
ee'llpsv'tl, for many new shipyards are
Just getting started. The loyalty and
devotion of the shipyard workers were
Justly tecognized by the government
officials from the president down. Rnd
by he people, and the praise for their
effoits is shared by the railroad work-,
ers, without whose devoted co-operation
the achievements of the vessel -builders
would not have been possible.
--11
Beautifully dovetailing In with all
this was the announcement by Sena
tor Swanson, chairman of the naval
affairs committee, that with the co-operation
of the American destroyers the
allied naval forces have destroyed 65
per cent of the submarines sent out by
Germany, and that they are now de
stroying the U-boats faster than they
can be replaced. ;
-11-Secretary
of War Baker's detailed
statement to thei house committee on
military affairs was made Just In time
to giye added lest to the celebration
of the Fourth. He said the America
Army now consisted of 100,400 officers
Comfort wfclch the war department
of the Germans. Since the sinking of
may be abandoned.
fi and 2,010,000 enlisted men and that
fon July 1 practically a million of them
4 were In France ; that the death rate
Ifor oMsease among all troops in the
United States was only 3.16 per thou
sand ; that the number of combat
planes delivered to June 8 was 286,
'the production for the week ending on
fnat day being 80 ; that 5,315 training
planes had been delivered to June 8,
fnore than 2,000 Liberty engines, and
117,500 machine guns for use on air
planes. Between the declaration of
Jear and June 1 more than 1,300,000
Rifles were produced and delivered and
Enough are now being received to
jjqulp a division every three days. Mr.
Kaker told many other encouraging
fjacts, and enlarged on the wonderful
y Qrk of the American eng'neers who
Enlarged port facilities and built rail
i;pads in France for the landing and
rtjovement of American troops.
. - fe
If the central powers would know
tge unwavering determination of the
People of the allied nations, they have
,;bt to read President Wilson's Inde
plndence day address at the tomb of
lashington. In which It was voiced
fcypst eloquently. "There can be but
etj;e Issue," declared the president.
he settlement must be final. There
n be no compromise. No halfway
Ilcislon would be tolerable. No half
wjjjty decision Is conceivable." He thus
ptjt Our great objectf in a single sen
tee: What we seek is the reign of
laj based upon the consent of the gov
erned and sustained by the organized
opinion of mankind." In less formal
language, the Huns must be whipped
tojfa frazzle, for until they are their
rubers will not accept such a peace as
th allies will grant, and the people of
Germany and Austria, with too few ex
ceptions, are like sheep.
In the absence of any great military
operations on the French and Italian
fronts last week attention was largely
directed toward Russia. What shall
i be fdone to aid that distracted country
is ji. problem still unsolved, and It Is
mae more difficult by the lack of re
liable Information as to what Is going
on jhere. The reports of the downfall
of ijlie bolshevikl and the re-establish-
metK of the monarchy with Grand
) Du;e Nicholas as czar, which came
through the always unreliable German
sources of news, were given little
cre'tt. but It appears to be the truth
thati Grand Duke Michael Is co-opera t
Ing with the Czecho-Slovak forces in
Sllutyia and that they are establishing
thei.rule In that country. The Ukrain
ian elegraph bureau at Kiev says Mi
chael has been proclaimed czar and is
marching toward Moscow.
I' a
Washington received official reports
confirming the news that the Czecho
slovaks had whipped the bolshevik!
Hi a jjbloody battle at Vladivostok and
takei over the administration of that
port,?!, It may be they will form the
nucleus for the gathering of the ele
ment! nnt nave revolted against the
bolshvikl and before long be recog-nlzed-by
the allies as a stable government-Hand
given aid. It is now admit
ted iI.. Germany that the German and
Austin-Hungarian war prisoners in
Russia' are fighting oc the side of the
bolshvlkl.
Up fin the province of Archangel,
whichextends across northerly Russia
I in Europe, there is new trouble brew
ing. t Kola and along the railroad
southward from that port are great
storesljof war supplies now guarded by
American and allied marines and blue
jacket!, nnrt raovin2 toward that region
Is a layge force of Germans and Finns.
Submajrines already are reported to be
in theJVhlte sea. It may be the allies
will Arid it necessary to senu troops up
there. -Delegates from the Murman
and Vhlte sea coasts already have
asked iem for protection.
The f?wedfsh press says the kaiser
has ordered the Finnish diet to intro
duce nonarchlal rule without delay,
threatening that If It does not comply
Germany will set up a military dic
tatorship. h 11
Havir. discovered extensive move
ments cl troops and materials behind
the GeriifiiMi lines in the Chateau Thier
ry region, Indicating a coming attack,
the Americans stationed there took the
initiative and. In the most Important
opera tioj they had thus far under
taken byj themselves, they captured the
Intended to send across the .Atlnuiic
the Canadian hospital ship Llandover
village of Vaux and the Bois de la
Roche, advancing their lines on a front
of several kilometers and occupying
strong strategic positions. Previous
to "the attack the American artillery
utterly demolished Vaux, and the as
sault which followed was equally ef
ficient and complete. The enemy lost
heavily In killed and wounded and sev
eral hundred prisoners and consider
able material were taken. All next
day the new American positions were
subjected to heavy bombardment and
then the Huns made a fierce counter
attack, but did not regain a foot of the
ground they had lost The American
machine guns and artillery mowed
down the enemy in heaps, and our
losses were comparatively slight. A
complete American army corps of 220,
000 men under command of Gen Hunt
er Liggett now holds the Chateau
Thierry sector.
11
The French started off the week with
an important advance between Sols
sons and Chateau Thierry, capturing
a commanding ridge and other jpolnts
that the Germans had organized 'as the
Jumping off place for their next attack.
The British moved their line forward
northwest of Albert, but after several
counter-attacks they were compelled
to withdraw to their former positions.
On -Independence day the Austral
ians, assisted by some Americans, took
the town of Hamel and neighboring
woods, and the French cut through the
enemy lines near Autreches.
Observers at the front believed the
Germans were about ready to launch
another great blow, perhaps the great
est of all. despite their terrific losses
since the beginning of the offensive
on March 21, estimated at 800,000. The
opposing forces there are now nearly
or quite equalized by those losses and
the arriVal of more Americans, and the
allied commanders and troops; have
not the' least doubt of the solidity of
their lines of defense.
fa
The Italians continued their bril
liant work, last week, and the Austrl
ans suffered accordingly. The latter
were gathering their forces for new
attacks In the mountain region, but
Gonenl Diaz struck there first, and in
a fierce battle won the formldnHle
heights , of Monte del Rosso, Monte di
Val Bella and the Col di Chelo. These
mountains on the northern edge of the
Asiago plateau and just west of the
Brenta river, are of great strategic Im
portance. Their ennture put the Ital
ians in the strongest possible position
to meet the expected offensive, in
which German troops were expected
to take part. The Italians also kept
up a continuous series of attacks on
the enem.v alon? the Piave, and on
Wednesday tfiey forced their way for
ward across the partly flooded ground
near the mouth of the river.
:
. A characteristic piece of German
brutality; was the torpedoing of the
Canadian hospital ship Llancovery
( astle off the Trish coast. About 200
lives were lost, including medical
corps meti and nurslnsr sisters. The
commander of the submarine ques
tioned officers of the steamship con
cerning American flying officers whom
he mistakenly supposed to be on board.
Berlin sought to evade responsibility
for this new outrage by asserting that
the ship was sunk by a British mine.
It may be that the sinking of the
Llandovery Castle will cause our war 1
department to abandon its plan to
send the hospital ship Comfort across
without convoy or any attempt to
avoid the enemy. Tj is difficult to see
how Secretary Baker can find any ex
cuse for trusting to the decency and
humanity of the Huns, for they" have
repeatedly proved that they are whol
ly lacking, In those qualities.
fa
Holland has again aroused the Unit
ed States and Great Britain, this time
by making an agreement to sell 50,000
tons of potatoes to Germany In ex
change for the right to purchase 50,000
tons of German coal. In Washington
and London it was more than intimat
ed that unless Holland canceled thif
agreement the breadstuffs promised
the Dutch from America will not bf
provided. .
fa
The sultan of Turkey died on July 3 i
out tnis is unimportant for he was bu
the tool of the Young Turk party.
BY A SUDDEN ATtaa..
WAS DRIVEN BAr .
MO Win ilSPAT
Australians Drive
Straighten an
Awk
,n Their Lm
"ara a
91(
Continuing
in the fa
man rff
uiicnsive (don-'
uo me French w
attacked
Soissons r.onn,.),;.. ' . " ,JU,"'we5t
. '-'"'HIV tnn
UU1U utnz t, .
4.1 i . ' " I. h'rw . .
me easiern su e of .i, "(M
north of Lonenm t ,v.."J z
advanced over V''. renf'h haj
mately two miles. !akin n;-
rarm and the slopes to the l
outh of it. Several h, . un 1
ers were rantnr i,.. 1 a P-soi. 1
their sudden attack. ' m
The assault may Vbe n,
closely with the rM . tt P
erations at St. Pierre AiVi-'
the French p n0, ' s .dUQ Bt
Lonroont north oc irol
r 0 iai as tn
limits of AmhlP,. J; . m
W4 , a UiSanc
most eight milesa.
ce of a.
Australian troops holding
Position,
astrme tne Somme river
east of Ami-
ens and north of Hamel have ,
UCI a irom nf
more than a mile and straightened
an awKwara angle held by the g
mans. r
Italian forces operating on the ei
treme left wing of the allied n.. I
Albania, have struck hard at Austrian
positions along the Voyusa fVojnta)
river, which flows into the' AflH..
about 20 miles north of the town of
Avlona, one of the most important
places in southern Albania. Vienna
admits that the Austrian "advanci
posts have been withdrawn to thw
main positions." This report froa
Austrian headquarters probably re
fers to the action mentioned in the
French official statement on Sunday
night. It was said by. the war office
at Paris that French and Mai
forces had seized heights in western
Albania and had held them against
counter-attacks.
Germany seems on the eve of rele
gating the Brest-Lltovsk peace treaty
Into the "scrap of paper" category,
for there are indications that German
troops may be sent to Moscow in the
near future. There are large Teutonic
forces within 300 miles of Moscow and
it is reported that they are being
heavily reinforced.
REDUCTION IN PRICE
OF COTTON PRODUCTS
Washington. Prices for cotton
products showing reductions of from
20 to 30 per cent as compared wih
market prices were . ' approved by
President Wilson. The prices were
agreed upon at conferences between
t-he price-fixing committee of the war
industries board and a committee rep
resenting cotton goods manufacturer'.
The new prices affect chiefly cotroi
piece goods of which the government
is a heavy purchaser. They app'
however, to civilian as weir as gov
ernment purchases. The price-fix?
committee's action with regard to fin
ished cotton is believed to be the
forerunner of price-fixing on virtual."
all other commodities of which the
government is a large purchaser.
BELIEVE ARGENTINA WILL
SEEK STRONGER ALLIANCE
Washington. Ambassador Naon. of
Argentina, is returning to resume h
post at Washington and a? head
the mission to negotiate for improvp
financlal and commercial relations
with America-. Cable dispatches fro'i
Buenos Aires have stated that u?
ambassador would seek a loan here oi
$40,000,000 and would of or th re
sources of Argentina to tV.e 1 n: '
States and the allies in return fore
ports of manufactured good?.
AMERICA'S PART IN WAR
APPRECIATED BY ALU
Washington. Warm sentiment? fo.
America and appreciation cf
forts in the war for world 'rr"H-.
expressed in Independence
Day ni
sages to President Wilson i'rrm
pre?i-
dent Poincare of France. K"z - 11
of Belgium, King EmmanuM .f
King Alexander of Greece Fre: '
Menocal of Cuba and Premier
Telos of Greece. The messages
the President's replies shave
made public.
TWO YANKEE AVIATORS
ARE KILLED IN FRANC
With the American Army in
Alan A cV. n rhinovr, a HH'
France
mber C-
. nlrnn nis
tne leFayette nying sijaa ,
- . ith SP-1'
been killed in comDai wn
His
German machines over
Soissons.
machine when falling was
seen
to
J a. A TXT a rQ Tl T
Hobbs.
uursi into n&mes. mbr
f Worcester, lass., another mem
-f the LaFayette flying squadron
cilled June 26. Forced to fly. lr,
cause of engine trouble n?
brought doirn by anti-aircraft
lS8UB
f ATTE
the Pi
pie,
Cap!'
I Spun
ie ne
(rod d
fimea
kartei
lad e
Abe re
1 pity. 1
broug
Jxtra
Wpe-ti1
S
jurtne
tonsei
i Con
marsl
'tentic