North Carolina Newspapers

' - W . r-,; .- . , " .if.:': - - ' RATIONS FOR FARM ANIMALS ur Effective Use of By-Producta of M Crops Offers Opportunity for Meat Production. bv the United States Depart repared f Agriculture.) The miise of the by-products of farm crops 'is causing American arm to lose millions of dollars annu JIly. yothhig offeia greater, opportu nity fir increased and more econom ical production of farm meats and dairy products than by .the more ef fective use of such, products. To bring our farminp operations up to the high est possible state of efficiency, all farm by products must be used in an economical manner. Nearly all man agers of the great industries of this country have learned that by-products constitute a very large source of their income and about all the profits. Farming is the greatest Industry in is country to-day, but farm by-products have received very little atten tion from the average farmer. Now however, conditions are such as to urge the conservation of every avail able farm resource and every Amer ican farmer must make a study of conditions existing on his own farm with the idea of utilizing such prod ucts as are now being wasted. It is estimated that the total amount of corn stover and straws burned, plowed under, allowed to rot In stacks, and wasted in other ways Is worth over $100,000,000. This is an appalling loss, and if these feedstuffs were useo In the feeding of cattle, sheep, and horses It would result in greatly In creased profits to Individual farmers as well as tend to increase the supply of meat and dairy products. The burning of straw, even though the ashes leave a small quantity of additional mineral matter in the soil, results in an almost total loss. It is practiced most largely In the west, mainly because of custom rather than Inability to purchase, feed, or market meat-producing animals. The people there have come to believe that straw is of no value because In that section It has never been used Tor anything. In some of the western states a cam paign has been made by the colleges of agriculture and institute workers to get farmers to use a portion of their Taste straw for spreading oyer their grain fields. It Is needless to say that burning the stover is a great waste, although it seems to offer a quicksand easy Herd of Good Quality Hereford. method of cleaning the ground pre- varaiory to plowing. This system la jnost largely practiced where the corn snapped, or husked, in the field. ving tne stalks standing. Another great waste that can well w stopped Is the failure to utilize the rge area of grass along our roads. ana rence rows. Sheep would tllize this waste and remove one of t&e erpfltoot k-u , mccuiug yiuct:s vi inju nns farm Insects. The lower leaves "l we corn plant, which usually go to aste, as well as the cut-over grain f a 7 neIdS) also offer considerable Ieei to farm flocks. practical experience as well as el emental work has taught that straw ieaih a fyery econom- J in the rations of almost all kinds Vi uvp Rtrifb mi m , Auese rougnages are iw m be used in the fattening hnM , 1 Iurm animals except r0. and h,i,i Part f irumpose me larger tions f aU wihterinS or keeping ra- Brwtfin v e RneeP- and horses. Uairv "8 'rfls of beef ca"le or dry cws can be fgiccessfully kept n rati Materials. imposed largely of these u0 Wpll .uu UICCUU8 ewes &ain ?! such feeds when blocks of breeding ewes Bflitor " ilorses doing 'very ven a r ' K need 1Ittle aln ,f bright J nruul allowance of clean, Edition r St0Ver Under rtaln added to tVf cr'urse' Kraln should be be rn' but now lt should huaian fZ lArY as possible for 1NCREED NUMBErToF SOWS r'Thrlftv.TT.... . . . LeaviK n w'uaa-nested Animals, v,ha Out Pinch-Beliled Ones ffr Market , 0 Incr 7 8 bJ sp10 "umDer oi nrooa hr shon lat 'all's lit- 'u-a Choose the thrffHr -chmlS0,V8 and ave out the ! $wbm fid POND LILIES. 1 -TllofoPMWl harmless It not actually beneficial., . S ... , . ,tJ , JX understand It,- said Mrs. Pond Lily. . What can't you understand?" asked Miss Green Leaf. "It never seems to be night any mere, answered Mrs. Pond Lily "That's so. Perhaps Mr. Night is taking a holiday," suggested Miss Green Leaf. That might be so," said Mrs. Pond Lily, "but I have never known It to happen before, and It seems to me that I have heard that the night takes his rest every day but that he never takes a longer one, and that there are never two days without a night In be tween." - .Then, it's very, very queer," said Miss Green Leaf. "For there certainly must have been a good many days since there has been a night." There must have been and yet there haven't been, said Mrs. Pond Lily. "Ifs very confusing and most' extremely puzzling." "It is. Indeed," said all the pond lil ies and green leaves as they moved a little In the big bowl on a dining-room table. They had been gathered and put there quite a few days before. , They had been used as decorations for a very fine luncheon party and then as some visitors were expected for supper the beautiful young girt who had gathered them had said, ?H6w lovely the pond lilies would look on the supper table." "But they will close as they always do at night," said another member of the family. Tea,. and then they won"t be pret ly," said a third. MBut I think I have a scheme so as to keep them awake," said the beauti ful young girl whose name was Nellie. "What?" everyone asked. "Well fool them,- she said. "How? they asked. "We'll keep on a white tablecloth and make them think It's still bright day. Usually we change and put them on another table where there Is a, dark cloth and then they go to bed for the ntght" So they tried keeping the bowl of pond lilies on the white cloth and sure The Beautiful Young Girl Who Had Gathered Them. enough the pond lilies didn't close their eyes and go to sleep! They stayed awake and later there were lights on the table for the supper party. But the white tablecloth had fooled the pond lilies. Afld as they were so lovely they were used for decorations for a whole week and they had not known they had missed such a great deal of sleep. "I don't know that I really feel so sleepy," said Mrs. Pond Lily. That Is when I think about It I don't feel so sleepy, but lt really doesn't seem nat ural." That night they were taken away from the white cloth and they closed right up and went to sleep. When they were sleeping quietly Mr. Night came to them dressed in his dark night crp and heavy, dark robe. "Where have you been all this timer asked Mrs.- Pond Lily. "I've been around," Mr. Night an swered. ."Did you have a pleasant trip?" asked Mrs. Pond Lily, feeling sure she hadn't heard Mr. Night correctly. "I had a fine' trip," said Mr. Night "each day, and every night was back at work again." "What do you mean?" asked Mrs. Pond Lily. ."Why, my Dear Mrs. Pond Lily," an swered Mr. Nleht. "you were wide i awake because they had fooled you the people had they had made you think it was day by putting a bright, daytime-looking cloth under you." "Had they, really?" They had, Indeed," said Mr. Night. "And how I chuckled when I saw it." Tou must have," said Mrs. Pond Lily. "Well, that was a good joke on us, certainly. And to think wc didn't even notice you." "Yes," said Mr. Night, "if I had been a more sensitive old fellow I would have been very much hurt, but so many things and , people go to sleep and are given pleasant dreams and rest owing to me, that I didn't mind seeing , the pond lilies fooled for . a change." , t . . And the pond lilies laughed in theli sleep at the great Joke t Dreaming. Dreams that inspire to doing are no a waste of time. But the same canna be said for that dreaming which leave us restless and discontented, but m more ready to grapple with the nearest hard task . than we were t before Girls' Companion. , . . if I W Jr?l is not sate to sail too near the wind II ; HI matters of diet. Hutchenson. V"? Scene in THE historic town of Barac'oa may be said to be the western outpost of the Malsi district of Cuba. In an extremely Iso- , lated position; Baracoa can only be , reached from other parts of the repub lic by water communication. The near ; est railroad terminal on the north coast Is Antllla (Nipe bay), and from here one Is forced to take one of the coastal steamers of the Empress Na vlera de Cuba in order to get .to one's destination, writes Theodore de Booy, in the Bulletin of the Pan American Union. The trip to Baracoa can also be made from the south coast by em barking at either Santiago de Cuba or Calmanera on the return voyage of the coastal steamer. Baracoa is the eldest existing set tlement In Cuba, and It was in 1512, two years before the first building was J erected In Santiago de Ciiba, that the conqulstadores laid out the plans for the present town. That Columbus vis ited the harbor of Baracoa when he coasted the northern shore of Cuba on his first voyage Is almost certain, and the admiral undoubtedly observed the prominent table mountain, El Tunque (the anvil), which dominates the har bor and can be seen for miles. It Is claimed, in fact, that it was Columbus himself who named this peak El Yun que from its strong, resemblance to an anvil, but this is more a matter of local legend than of accurate historical rec ord. Rising to a height of over 1,800 feet, the "Anvil" Is easily visible for 30 or more miles and forms an excel lent landmark . for mariners approach ing this part of the Cuban coast. Harbor Has Bad Reputation. The town of Baracoa itself Is situ ated on the shores of one of the most picturesque bays In Cuba. While the harbor offers a safe shelter to vessels during the greater part of the year. It is exposed to northeasterly gales and in consequence has a bad reputation with masters of sailing vessels. No tugboat being available, craft which have to depend on sails alone have considerable ; difficulty in leaving the harbor owing to Its narrow mouth, and with strong northeasterly winds their departure became an impos sibility. Baracoa has a population of about six thousand people, and judg ing fiom the stately buildings which can still be found must undoubtedly have lost a great deal of its former importance. Perhaps the most Important Indus try of Baracoa Itself Is a coconut-oil factory where the coconuts from the neighboring plantations are crushed In order tq extract the oil from the ker nels. Another export of Baracoa con sists of wax gathered from the wild bees that have built" hives in the un cleared parts of the country. These hives are located by professional wax hunters, who scale seemingly impos sible rocks to secure their prize. Not infrequently the bees build their store houses in the entrances of the lime stone caves with which- the country side abounds, -and in consequence vis iting archeologlsts to this region may do well to remember that wax hunters will often be able to tell of caves which are unknown to the other inhabitants. In many of these caves one Is likely ti find aboriginal remains and artifacts of great archeologlcal value. Mata and the Yumurl. The first village of importance to the eastward of Baracoa is Mata. This is a calling station for the banana steamers coming to Baracoa, and from here large quantities of this fruit, gathered from the surrounding coun try, are exported. Mata itself is but a small village of perhaps thirty houses; its harbor is too shallow to al low steamers to anchor and In conse quence the bananas are carried off in -lighters to the collecting steamer which lies some distance offshore". From Mata to the mouth of the Yu- Neckwear In Youthful Effects. Spring brought In its wake many bits of dainty neckwear neckwear which will bring that air of dash and youthfulness that proves such an ef fective weapon to the summer maid. Straight from La Belle France the col lar." vestee and cuff combination has "Won the heart of feminine America , A collar, vest .and cuffs "can be worn with ' a silk .sweater, developed in black and white ;. the set Itself. ay be of polka dot handkerchief linen in tynefc and " vfef te. Ttoy crocheted - buttons trim ftev.- iF" 1 Eastern Cuba. murl river the road follows the beach more or less, whereas te road from Baracoa to Mata allows no view of the sea. While In placejf progress Is somewhat Impeded by th heavy sand, the road from Mata to; the Yumurl ferry makes up in beauty ?what it lacks In convenience. L 5 The Yumurl rlyerni It should be noted that Cuba boasts o two Yumurl rivers, the other one being found near Matanzas in the center of thelsland has a width of about wo hundred yards at the mouth' within all seasons excepting the rainy season, a depth of not over three feet This. jack. of depth is due to 6and banks whlc,!! jform In the mouth of the river, thanks: to the heavy swell which deposits lanre quantities of corallne sand: Some 'short distance from the mouth can be'fpund a large ferry which carries the " traveler and his horse to the ether shore. There be ing no carriage roads betveen Baracoa and Maisi, there Is of course no neces sity for a bridge or for 'ferry large enough to transport vehicle?. To all who have traveled In the West Indies, the mouth ot the Yumurl river must forever linger in their memory as perhaps the; most pictur esque spot visited. Wih tdwering banks on either side, j the "Yumurl wends its peaceful cours toward the sea, protected as it were;'by the deep canyon It has cut for itsef during un told centuries. The very Falls of this canyon are covered with ;verdure, with here and there a snow-white spot of limestone to show the underlying foundation and to Telleyf jthe green monotony. ; On the Plateai ' The ferry once crossed, he -path as cends the tableland in af $izzy zigzag which at times puts t a great fear into the traveler's heart, especially so if his horse should happen tbbe stumble footed. The tableland Is flly 300 feet above the level of the sea apid stretches from the banks of the ,Yurauri east to the shores of Cape MaUl. i Perhaps the first thing that will strike the new comer is the coolj nights Un this pla teau. When Baracoa andthe rest of me uuDan repumic are smtjtnering un der the beat of a tropin!! i sun, this tableland Is Invariably coiil, and the nights are such that a blanket not only is a comfort but an actual necessity. The cold winds coming frpm the At lantic through the Windward passage between Cuba and Haytl ae responsi ble for this phenomenon fljid are also responsible for the destructive storms which occasionally visit this region. From Sabana Grande. "tii jthe east, the tableland ot Maisi is kjjown as La Gran Tierra de Maya (thep great land of 'Maya), thus named 'aft the Maya river which finds its soured here. It. Is here that extensive plantations are. found, where coffee and bananas are raised. . The inhabitants of the dVan Tierra de Maya live in a mannerwhich can only be compared to that 6; the patri archs of old. Each flnca (faiTu) Is self- supporting, and It is but ldom that the proprietor seeks the busier marts of Baracoa. Where a . lavish nature provides palms, which supply1 not only wood for the house but alsp roof cov ering, food and clothing, and calabash trees,' which go far toward ! filling a want for kitchen utensils; where guinea grass rows like weepls and fur nishes a never-failing suppl;jr of fodder for cattle and horses; wher$ fruits are found in wild lavlshness and,' tbe small est cultivated paten win sustain a large family and wherelasftly, a half acre of coffee bushes wflkeep a Cuban supplied with enoif$ pocket money to have funds to l$se On the outcome of a epek fight tej favorite outdoor sport of Cuba in general and of this region in particulapit is no wonder that the inhabitant; of the Gran Tierra de Maya does;! djot wan der far from his native' hejath. f the vestee, which so ably camouflages thfi absence of the blouse. Atrorgandie fichu collar edged with net an be worn on a tailored sult . OrgandM has been exploited in this way, and; fa i narrow ruffled edge of net makes effective finish. The color scheme "rny be apple green and white. -.If if 'i 'Lace 'Trimming.! ! - Filet lace? trimming and5 hand 'em broidered are prominent 1iU,- sheer white voile and oiie summer tdifesseff ARE WE USING ECONOF- '? It is the little leaks in the household whi'h-seem so unimportant that they are not . noticed, which are the cause of many bankrupt homes. 'Take a look into , the bottom of the tea and coffee cup at the end of the meal, not to read your fortune (alas, many for tunes have been thus' wasted by use less extravagance), but to note the sugar left undissolved in the cup. Children should early learn to stir well all foods that contain sugar, so that none is wasted. - Are the members of your family who take more food on the plate than they can eat leaving It to be wasted 7 If so. they are worse than unpatri otic, for they neither love their coun try nor their fellow man. Are you careless about waste in pre paring vegetables, spoiling food Id cooking, serving it so unpalatable In appearance or in seasoning that it Is uneaten? Are you spending more than a third to a half of your Income for food for your family? Are you buying foods out of season and so satisfying the appetite for such foods that they are not , appreciated when they appear in the home mar kets? This is a waste of labor, fuel In transportation, as fell as money. Are you buying perishable foods in such quantities that they must spoil before being used? Do you choose the choice cuts of meat rather than the cheaper and more nourishing cuts? Are yeu ustng fish, fotfl -and perish able meata-so" that those for shipping may toe saved for our soldiers? Are you throwing away the vege table waters In which they have been cooked, that are rich In Iron as well as food? Are you using more milk products, milk being one of our most valuable foods? Lessening the use of milk is false economy. Are you using economy of labor, time and strength In household duties? These are fully as Important as the saving of money ; some of us think vastly ,more important . r . V To get the maximum .comfort for one's"famlly with the minimum labor is worthy of one's best thought and ef fort. " Old outing flannel .makes fine cleans ing cloths for floors, as they wring easily The thing that the world la asking; How far must he bend to break? How much he can give doesn't matter. But only how much can he take? WHAT TO DO IN AN EMERGENCY. There- should be - posted In a con spicuous place In .every home a list of common reme dies r for :U injuries or "accidents: vTimc means life Ihmany an accident. "Lives are beine lost dally yxyT!So of knowing what to do and acting quickly. "Wisdom is what to do next, skill is knowing how to do lt, and vir tue is doing it," says David Starr Jordan. A patient who is struck by light ning should be treated to cold water applications on the head and given the same treatment one gives a drowning person, artificial respiration. The lungs must be filled with fir to get them back to breathing. For sunstroke, loosen tht clothing, lay the patient in a cool, shady place and apply ice water to the head. Keep the head elevated. For fainting, lay the patient on his back with the head lowered, allow fresh air to circulate freely around him and sprinkle with cold water. Do not administer water or any stimulant to an unconscious person, as the mus cles of swallowing are inactive and strangulation might result. Fire in one's clothing. Do not run lie down and roll over in a rug or carpet keeping the face protected. Fire in a building. Drop on the hands and knees and cover the head with wet woolen if possible; then crawl out, as th" air is purest near the floor. Suffocation from Illuminating gas. Get patient Into fresh air, place on his back and give a teaspoonful of spirits of aromatic ammonia in a glass of water at frequent Intervals. This is a safe heart stimulant at any time. Give two to four drops of nux vomica every five or six hours to the. asphyxiated patient. To stop bleeding. A handful of flour bound on the cut. Antidote for poison. For acid poI soningvsoda and milk; these are found in every home. " Send for the doctor at. once,; do not wait to run any risks with life. , Vinegar .U taken for any such poison as lye. Oils of all kinds are good. Mustard 'and. water causes vomiting. - "If amraopia Is taken . by accident, give new milk, olive, oil. and bind Ice on the .throat, , . Strychnine .demands a quick emetic of Ipecac. This U alx a good remedy to kep-a small bot tle of Ipecac. , . I, ' v irc& 3 ESSENTIAL IN GRADIES Ciodlina It Only. Metkod fey Producers Can Be Certain Quality of Product Prepared by the United States . meat of Agriculture i Grading Is becoming more more customary in the sale and chase of eggs, nd-a knowledge candling is essential to egg gradZ) It Is only by candling that producer and shippers of eggs can be that they are complying, with state and other regulations, by this method one can determine freshness and quality of eggs. process, In simple terms. Is to hojd j egg before a shaded light In a room, and by noting certain character istics seen through the semltranspav ent shell to determine its edible and marketable qualities. Farmers with only a few eggs to market may improvise a candler try placing a stovepipe over a kerosene lamp, cutting a small hole in the pipe level with the light The eggs Is hakl In a slanting position at the opentas. It Is twisted a few times to the Eight and left and then from end to end. m that its entire contents may be vislhla, Care should be taken that the or hand do not conceal small Ishes, which otherwise fcosld te closed by the light The should study carefully the general : matlon of an egg, as this detailed knowledge Is necessary for the cation of the standards of grades and qualities. The yolk ranges In color from E&tt yellow to orange, and is occasloils3r olive green. The eggs with olive greet yolks are less desirable because of tXs color, but are. considered edible. yolk is contained in a delicate brane and on its surface is at Ught-colored circular area railed Cha germinal disk, from which the catdk develops. The yolk : always floats tsk the white with the chick spot on Around the yolk -lies a small of thin white and then a heavy of thick white. Twisted cordlike Homemade Candling Outfit. . r of opaque white material called ehafa zae extend from the yolk through the white toward each end of the egg. and hold the yolk in position, yet allow ft to turn freely. Between the white and the shell two fibrous membranes with aa space between them. When first !ai& the contents fill the entire egg. when the egg cools the contents ; and these membranes separate lng an air space. The size this air space Is Important in determining freshness of the egg. As the egg the air space Increases In dxe. bad eggs have enlarged air A fine, thick white is found ia a fresh egg, and a weak thin white la a stale egg. As the egg becomes stale the amount of thick white decrease. Several classes of bad eggs are laO cated by discolored whites. The yolk of the fresh egg wbem twirled before the candle is seeabBgy as a dark object moving slowly to the white. The yolk of a stale egg ts more plainly than that -of the egg. When the yolk Is so weak thaft the shake of the egg in candling uua lt to break it should be graded as co marketable. In the fresh egg die jvEk is slightly above the center In the large end of the egg. As the egg be comes stale the yolk floats higher an& nearer the shell. The start of incubation in a fertile egg may be detected by a reddish glotf surrounding the germinal spot. eggs, although considered edible. not graded as firsts.) This reddUSi glow Is entirely different from the un called blood ring, which Indicates that the egg is unfit for food. ' " - Where there is any doubt as to aa egg's fitness for food purposes, fie candler should give the consumer Gm benefit of the doubt and reject It f - t MORE INTEREST IB PD0L1HT High Prices Should Kncmmcjt tiort of More . Moat Profitable. (Prepared by the United ment ox Agnctatsxiej Not only is there a Sock et on nearly every farm ia the but in towns and cities flocks ore oof' rare. With the present high prfcecf eggs even a . mere general fideirtf, ' should be taken hi poultry ralslnx. Tbe frequency the" home' flock consists o9T a -mixture of breeds.- Pcrehrsd pss9 " try: is more profitable, ' " The TT I f K y i 1 J & V v. P 3 I