North Carolina Newspapers

i M I 5 POLK COUNTY NEWS, TRITON, N, C. .- m . if i, .V 1 'I,' I. "i . rr i ' - r -1 I if V r V 1 RED ' CROSS 01 lOiWGEES HUNDREDS OF TH0USAND8 OF UNFORTUNATES IN ITALY ' WELL CARED FOR. SCENE CJ BOLOGNA STATION Allen Enemy Females Put Under the Perrnit Rules Great Plans for the . Further Relief of Belgians and French. ? (From Committer on Public Information.) j Va!hinj:lon. How the hundreds of thousands of unfortunates driven from their homes in the course of the Aus trian invasions of Italy were safely . piloted to their destinations is related In a report received from an American lied Crcjss worker who has been look ins after refugees in Bologna. "An arrival of .emigrants .from Eu rope would give but a faint idea of an exodus of refugees," the report says. "Many of them are taking their first journey on a railway. In most cases it is impossible fo make themselves un derstood. They pour into the Bologna station, dragging behind them unwieldy packages, flasks, bottles, babies, sew ing machines, hens (refugees have cats, "dogs, canaries, bullfinches, pig eons, turkeys in fact, our rest home has seen. every variety of winged and four-footed live stock). There they stand, stupefied by the noise and con fusion of the arrival, utterly unable to more, while maybe their train is about to depart. "However, vre are there, looking for Just such as they. The willlug soldiers who are. assigned to help the lied Cross take their difficult bundles, the huge sacks and a few of the ba bies. We take the eldest child, leading the way as a sort of decoy; and away wc. go. in and out of passenger trains, troop trains (no bridges or subways here), until we arrive 'at the train de Hred, hidden away behind all these obstacles, absolutely unattainable if not for our Intervention. "The train Is jammed. They always are. Everyone on board cries to us there is not another inch of room. We pay no attention to them. Our fattest soldier enters a car and opens a pas sage for the family. When all the niem- bcrs and their endless belongings are .queezed in we go back and pick up another family." , Seven thousand men at Kelly field, division of military aeronautics, last month saved articles which in other times would be regarded as junk, but v hich brought the government $H.:i(H). , Soirte of this refuse was old paper, oil barrels, straw, bags, garbage, tin cans and metals. In addition, great piles of old cloth-, ing, tents, motorcycle parts, airplane fittings, engine parts, rubber tires and the like were saved. "Don't throw it away" is the slogan which is prompt ing the accumulation and sale ' of masses of materials at this and other camps. The fruit and milk cans tluit the "kitchen police" smash every day, for example, bring considerable money to the government. They sell at $16 a ton. Kelly field ships them by the car load, to copper refineries, where they are thrown into flumes and serve to eolleet millions of molecules of copper that would otherwise be washed away. - The cans are then heated, the copper "separated from the tin and marketed. How to conserve clothing r.nd shoes," lumber and equipment is taught the soldier, who is not slow to see the ad vantage in dollars to himself as well as to the government. It Is Intended soon to open shot: repair shops and tailor shops at Kelly field to make the work of reclamation of still greater value to the government. Midnight sf October 3. 1918, has been fixed by the United States attorney general as the time when regulations establishing a one-mile prohibited area M'ound federal or state forts, camps, arsenals, aircraft stations, government or naval vessels, navy yards, factories or workshops for the manufacture of munitions of- war, etc., shall be effec tive as to German alien females. This date Is fixed by the attorney general under authority granted to him in the president's proclamation "of April 19, 1918. The effect of the attorney general's act in fixing this date Is to make it unlawful for any German alien female of fourteen years of age and upwards tc be found within one-half mile of iny of the places mentioned (except on public carriers) without a permit from the United States marshal. Per mits to resde in or to enter the nro- liibited area must be obtained, and ap plications for these must be made In the same manner as for similar per mits .in the case of German alien fcn emy hiales. Salt producers have agreed with the United States food administration to pacK tneir product in only a few stand ard sacks and when rm eked In- wanH - - T VVU I he ba rrels where possible will he hooped with wood instead of steel. When nacked In cotton, salt win v.- - , - - - ..... i fcfter.be obtainable In only Ave, ten and twenty-five pound or larger sacks. pror por.tionately a.r ,pne-ppund .; ack will contain- 50 .iWircnt more- onttnn , . ..vi, Li mil HfiYp.oVina saitkr ' The new arrange-n-eat is : expected "td "save ttfge quan titles jpf cotton and steel and reduce . umm n i moor. Plans for the relief of the 10.000.00( Belgians and French people now with in territory occupied by the German contemplate the shipment In 'the next twelye months of 42.o00.000 bushels of wheat. .0b.000 'bushels of beans. 3,000,000 bushels, of rice, 26,400,00G pounds ,of corned beef, 277,200,000 pounds of pork products, 60.000,000 pound of son p. 20,000,000 pounds, of coffee,' 1 8,000.000 pounds of - j?ocm Gfl.000.000 pounds of condensed mlii. and 40.000.000 pounds of sugar. This amount of food, together with the native produce, gives an average ration of about 2.000 culorles about half the consumption of the American people. , This progruni Is estimated . to cos; during the twelve months, for purchase and transportation, approximately $280,000,000. The finance has been ar ranged on the basis of advances to be made by loajts from the United Stutes to the Belgian and French govern ments 1n amounts sufficient to pay for the material purchased in the United Mates. The British and Frtneh gov ernments are advancing In Europe the sums necessary to meet the expendi tures made there for shipping and for foodstuffs coming from other quarters lhan the United States. In addition to the fleet controlled by the relief commission the United States and allied governments are plac ing at Its disposal 200,000 tons of ship ping recently obtained from the Swed ish government for nonwar zone pur poses. The commission announces that besides the food which i intends furnishing these stricken people there will be needed for them about 20,tXK) tons of clothing and cloth. Through the co-operation of trie Bed Cross about 5.000 tons of these supplies have been collected and the work of collec tion still continues. In Its fourth installment of Its re port the war Council of the American Bed Cross announces that Its expends lures In France for work among the civilian population since the war be gan, coupled with appropriations for the supply, transportation, women's hospital service and -other bureaus, will total more than $70,000,000. "Expenditures in France to July 1. 1918. totaled $36,613,682.73. of which S21.1G0.G32.6fl was apportioned fop re lief work among refugees, reclaiming devastated areas, the fight against tu- heivulosis, operating expenses ami other expenses that have to do with the civilian population," the report lates. 'The demands for the next six months for the same purposes are $34.- ,rS2.S27.r7." The total of the expenditures for re lief work and the reconstruction of devastated villages and the Care of refugees from the devastated areas was $.Vbr7.6Wi.7S. The third largest item was for a campaign against tuber culosis. This work absorbed $2,147,327. For the care of children in France up to July 1 the expenditure was $1,140,129.70. The cost of relieving refugees will be financed from an ap propriation of $0,212,280.70. which has been set "aside for the purpose. Retail prices of food as reported to the United States bureau of labor sta tistics for. August. 19I8. and just pub lished, show for the country as a whole an increase of 2 per cent for all articles combined, as compared with July. 1 91 8. The increase In. price of all articles of food combined in August this year. compared with the same month of 1017. was 1T per cent. In this period hens showed the greatest advance 38 per cent. Chuck roast increased 30 per cent, round steak 29 per cent, rib roast 28 per cent, sirloin steak, plate, boiling beef and bacon 26 per cent each. Bice was 26 per cent higher than a year ago. Beans, flour, sugar bread and coffee were cheaper than In Au gust, 1917. ' - For the five year period (August 1913. to August I.". 191S) all food com bined showed increase In price of 70 per cent. All the 17 articles for which prices were obtained for five years showed an Increase of 52 per cent and more. Four articles increased 100 per cent. They wers meal, 127 per cent; lard and flour, 106 per cent each, and potatoes 105 per cent. With nearly all the stars of the geme in the army and navy, football will be one of the most popular sports in the various training camps this au tumn, if reports to the war and navy .departments' commission on training camp activities are dependable. Many colleges and preparatory schools have announced that football will be aban doned so far as academic and collegi t'te matches are concerned. Most of the college stars of previous years have entered the service, and the train ing commission's athletic directors are making plans to employ them in the formation of crack divisional, regimen-! tal and company elevens. Although many former college stars who played last season iu the uniforms of the various naval station elevens have been transferred to active .sea service, athletic directors are confident that the teams will be even betler than a year ago. f To assist In the campaign which the United States department of labor is conducting to train workers for service in war industries the Chicago board of education has donated a vacant school building and voted $10,000 for preliminary expense in equipping it. Leading manufacturers of the city are installing' training . machines and ex pert in production from their facto ries will outline the policies subject to the control'of the board of education under the( general supervision of the training, and dilution seTrvice of the department of labor U'cJ .SOT9 J " ., ll5Ssi,?i 4 f H f Some of the Arabian tr ops of I as belligerents hx the allied governments. z. me iuu.m jujuuiiohi otciiuxi the Germans are said to have sent a allied forces that conquered Bulgaria, and, at his rigut, uenerai doanno, NEWS REVIEW OF THE GREAT WAR Kaicer's Back Wall Has Fallen and His Front Wall Is Crumbling Fast. HINDENBURG LINE SMASHED Bulgaria Surrenders Unconditionally and Turkey Is Wobbling St. Quen tin and Damascus Captured Huns Preparing To Get Out of Belgium. By EDWARD W. PICKARD The kaiser put his back to i wmII in the vain effort to check the allies on the western front, ami the wall collapsed. Bulgaria surrendered, prac tically unconditionally; Turkey at once put out peace feelers; Austria Hungary cried for cessation of the war, and the Ukrainians rose In re volt against the Huns. . , Meanwhile th allies kept up their ceaseless hammering at the kaiser's front wall the Hiudenburg line and by smashing through it 'it many points proved it was not the impreg nable system of defense that the Ger mans .had supposed it to he. From the sea to Verdun the battle blazed day and night, and the official reports showed an almost unbroken series of victories for the allies. The Belgian army, assisted by British troops and. unexpectedly, by a French army, jumped into the fray at the beginning of the wevk. and. taking I'ixmude and the Important Wytschaete ridge, ad vanced swiftly as far as Boulers. Thereupon the Huns began making preparations that Indicated complete withdrawal from Belgium. North and south of La Bassee canal they were in full flight, with the British close on their heels, and as Halg's men ap proached IJlle the enemy began the evacuation of that city, the rSerman commander requisitioning all means of transportation to remove his plun der. Investing Boulers. the allies gain ed control of the railroad to the Ger man submarine bases at Ostend and Zecbruggee and itf was reported the foe was removing his heavy guns from the Belgian coast and that the gov ernor general of Belgium had in structed the provincial governors to send nil their archives at once to Brus sels. Armentleres and I,ens were aban doned by the Huns Tuesday night. In the attack on Cambrai the Brit ish, with whom an American contin gent was fighting, met with desperate resistance and here and there suffer ed a local reverse, but they could not. be long checked and pushed ahead with dogged determination until tney had the city at their mercy. The Huns burned vast quantities of stores in their preparations for withdrawal. lea Next to the south comes the St. Qucntin sector, and tlure the French under General Debeney won a great vicwry, capturing the city after tre mendous fighting, which was fiercest in and about the St. Quentin canal. This place was one of the keystones of the Hlndenburg line and Its capture as sured the retirement of the Germans on a wide front. Immediately north of St. Quentin the British were, engaged by enemy reserves of storming trqpps and the fighting was furious. But the British, succeeded in breaking through the German line on the BTauvoir-Wian-court front and created a salient that greatly helped in the capture of St. Quentin by the French. Between the Oise at La Fere and the Alsne the Frenc pushed on to ward Laon and succeeded in passing beyond the elaborate system of water ways that comprised the, chief defense of the enemy and reaching open coun try where the tanks could Operate to advantage. .North of ,'Beim Foch's troops drove the Huns back to the Alsne and the Isne-larjie, can I, clearing the country north of the Vesle and; re leasing a number of towns. They also ' ed the entire St. Thierry massif. ZrvZAflfA Z&lZ.' ! .1 :-:iaSai- - tun Hedjaz who have been helping General Allenby and are now recognized large rorce. a ueieiai num-uei urj, r-xxi In Champagne there was no marked change during the week, though both the French and the Americans con tinued to move forward. The Yankees were up against a hard proposition in the forest of Ai vjonne, where the dense woods were full of machine gun nests and the fighting was lmost like a bat tle In the dark. This style of warfare, however, seemed to suit the Americans and In ' broken groups they battled their way onward, passing beyond (Merges and always keeping in contact with the retreating enemy. For miles they were hampered by the scarcity of roads, the mud and the innumerable and bravely defended fortified shell craters. They captured during the week great numbers of guns and quantities of material, Including three big ob servation balloons. On the left flank of the Americans Gouraud's French men fought their way northward with the greatest intrepedity and cut off the Germans opposing them from com munication with their comrades in the Argonne forest region. If they can keep up this advance the Huns in the salient pointing towards Iteims will fine themselves In an awkward pocket. The Germans In this sector were full ing hack to the Ko-ealled . Krlemhtld line, and captured documents showed they intended to try to hold that line through the winter. The fact Is they have no organized line of defense be tween it and the French border. The Americans In Champagne as well as those In the St. Quentin sector dis played gallantry and dash that, have not been surpassed. ' fa The most spectacular exploit of the week was the raid on - the Austrian naval base at Durazzo. American, British and Italian warships made their way through the mine fields and completely destroyed the base and all the Austrian vessels in the harbor ex cept a hospital ship. The only dam age to the attacking force was the slight injury of a British cruiser by a torpedo. fa The Bulgarians in signing the armis tice submitted to every demand of the allies, which Included demobilizing t heir army and surrendering the con trol of all their means of transporta tion, besides breaking entirely with the other central powers. They even said they were willing t attack Turkey, In conjunction with the allies. Their troops at once began withdrawing from Serbia and all their military suppfies were turned over to the forces of the entente. The Internal situation in Bul garia was somewhat confused, but the claims of Berlin that King Ferdinand would remain faithful to the central alliance seemed unfounded. However, he evidently feared for his own safety, for he was reported to have taken refuge In a royal castle near Vienna. Naturally, It will be some time before the allies can reap the full benefits of the Bulgarian surrender in the way of cutting across the "corridor to Bag dad" and Isolating Turkey. Meanwhile Ihey continued the task of driving the Austrians and Germans out of Serbia. It was said a large number of Ger man troops were sent to Sofia to try to force Bulgaria to retract her ac tion, but these, 4? there, more likely are to be ,used in defending the com munication with Constantinople. When the French, Serbians, Greeks and Ital ians have advanced far enough to the northward they probably will be joined by great numbers of Southern Slays and men of other races who have long waited for the chance to revolt against Austria. The way will then be open for an attack on the dual kingdom from the south. fa Though not yet officially confirmed, there were various well authenticated reports last week that Turkey had Informally sought for Information as to the terms on which she could make peace. Her condition is desperate, for General Allenby continued his victori ous progress In Palestine and on Tuesday occupied Damascus, the Turk ish . base in Syria, taking more than 7,000 prisoners. With the British was a portion of the army of Arab's of the Hedjaz, no recognized by the allied governments as co-hell igerents. ! . fa-; " j Necessarily all this had great effect in the t Teutonic . nations.' f' The? excite ment in Berlin anproaJiieif panic itnd the newspapers matle io "atrenipt! to conceal the gravity of the situation. The first concrete results were the res ui ouua, taunui vm. w commanaer oi cne oreehs iu oe-iuiu. ignation of Chancellor von Hertling, Vice Chancellor von Payer and For eign Minister von Hintze, and the in vitation of the kaiser and of Emperor Charles to their people to participate In the government. Late In the week it was announced that the kaiser had selected Prince Maximilian of Baden for the post of chancellor. He has been known as head of the Delbrueck mod erates and opposed to the schemes of the pan-Germans, and it is presumed he will make great efforts to bring about a negotiated peace. That, how ever, is Just what the allied nations are determined shafl not be accom plished, and their leaders and the press already are at work to show the people that unless the war is carried on until the Hun is beaten to his knees and forced to accept a dictated peace, all their sacrifices will have been in vIn. The time is ripe for the silly sen timentalists, secretly urged on by the friends of Germany, to spring their pleas of pity for the defeated and of the benefits to be gained by ending the war at once by negotiation. But all this foolish and actually treasonable talk will have no effect, on those who believe in justice and patriotism. News from Kussia and especially from Serbia is scanty and belated these days. The most important com ing lately concerns the anti-bolshevik government set up in Omsk. Minister of War Michaelov attempted to make himself dictator by forcing the resig nation of the cabinet and organizing an administrative council to succeed it. The council declared the duma dis missed, but that body refused to dis solve, released the imprisoned min isters and put Michaelov under arrest. The Czecho-SIovak authorities there promptly put a strong military force in the city and ended the attempted coup. In northern Russia the allies are making progress southward from Arch angel along the Dvina river, and Amer icans are holding the point farthest south, only forty miles from Bielsk, the bolshevik base. A Brltisji expedition has landed in Spitzbergen and seized the German mining property and other plants thej-e, and the immensely rich iron and coal deposits already are being de veloped rapidly. fa The state department at Washington was informeti of a big uprising of the Ukrainians against the' Germans, in the course of which the Huns lost 1,500 men and were forced to evacuate two cities. This news, together with the knowledge that Koumanla was about ready to re-enter the war on the side of the allies, was considered of great military importance. A large part of the population of Roumania, led by the queen, has consistently refused to rec ognize the treaty . of Bucharest by which their country was robbed by the Huns. If they get into action again, the plight of Austria will be indeed most distressing to Austria. fa The apparent determination of the Germans to destroy utterly every city iu France and Belgium that they are compelled to relinquish has given rise to a general demand that the allied gQvemments shall warn the Huns that fcr every place wantonly destroyed a cUy or town in Germany will be lad in ruins by them later on. That is the only kind of argument the German can understand. Secretary Lansing recog nized this when, in response to the threat of the Germans to treat as a murderer every American captured with a shotgun In his possession, he told them that reprisals for such ac tion would be thorough and effective. The British air bombers, by their re prisal raids on German cities, have nearly put a stop to the air raids of the Huns on undefended places. They still attack Red Cross hospitals, and for such brutality the allies can make no reprisal in kind. " ' --fa : On Monday the master numbers in the hew s draft were drawn President Wilson taking, the first from the bowl. The classification of , the mea nis pro gressing well, but the sending of those selected to the training camps, may be: delayed by the serious spread of the epidemic of infloenza Rigorous meas ures: are; being- adopted to check . the -.disease, with prospects of ., success. Considering its nature, the number of deaths is not extraordinary. W GERMl n PROPOSITION MUST UNQUALIFIPn OF WILSON'S TER E NO 'COMPROMISE IS te IE Grea Principle s .,R ei3n of , "0 Based Upon the Cons THE GOVERNED Emperor William mation to the (;,r,r:)' 3 P"o.":a. and v. U) :rtv,.. in -rrViirtVi . .. IT 1111.11. J-I I.-J :.,., Macedonian f,-,.. , 1 na declared that he Uf cord with his al!i,. t0 lr' -peace to the enemy. a?1:n c?-r The text of the f(jrw the imperial German .. ('har.cei;(;. rmce Maximilian. tn p son, through thr? Swiss follows : resident ' "The German gem-nunem rn the President of the Tnited take in hand the res , oration acquaint all the belligerent n'a this request and invite tn-m m picmyuieuuai-ies tor the opening negotiations. purpose "It accepts the program 4fl toy the President of the United St in his message to Congress en ary 8 and in his later pronounm especially his speech of Septembo-V as a basis for peace negotiation?." "" "With a view to avoiding tir bloodshed, the German governs requests the immediate- conclusion i' an armistice on land and water i in the air." NEW PEACE MOVE IS NOT AT ALL POPULAR IN WASHINGTON Washington. The new peace Is uot popular here. It is believ-.t that the President will give it a guiii and decisive answer. Leaders of Congress are unwillin? n negojiate with Germany for pea .e. Here and there a member of house or senate who hesitated a boa: entering the fight against German au tocracy thinks that it would be ?:;. to discuss terms wi(h the Berlin pv. eminent, hut the more sturdy con gressmen believe that the Preside! should turn the proposition down fj;. There is very little sympathy for Germanv, Ausiria or Turkev. a:! a niajority of the senators and r.p- sentatives hope that the presidents give a quick short answer to the Ger man chancellor. STRONG LANGUAGE EXUDES FROM GERMAN NEWSPAPER Amsterdam Germany is binrirt to realize: and admit that it is a r.a tion of scoundrels. Press comment, always the best ky to the public opinion of a nation, i? veering around to the point whe:- ;t is confessing Germany's faults. Fra:.v ly the German papers are beginning w admit that they must abandon t; idea that their armies are fighting w conquest, and realize that what are fighting for is bare existence "It is a matter of damnable import ance," says The Cologne Gazette ; t ways regarded as a semi-official jo1 nal, "whether we are or are not re garded throughout the world a? a tion of blackguards. Indeed- ve sre being so regarded." DESPERATE FIGHTING GOES ON ON AMERICAN FRONT With the American Arm? west of Verdun The American tr on the line stretching westward rr the Meuse who are opposed by forced units of the German arm ff hn-av ctrnijrhtpnine: out tne m- in ther long front. It was a day Ing spectacular operations but a reports reaching quarters indicated the desperate acter of the fighting. was not materially alt -red. ,J' . llliil V III L11C ICM"'- tV. changes as were made wei e tf advantage of the Amenrari. TERSE COMMENT ON GERM ' OFFER AND AS APT Washington. It hardly is 'j' position in advance of the Am?- . . tho nre- - .government to sa v that u r Germany - proposition signifie.- qualified acceplance ot ui :, ciples laid down by Pri :f it will be considered h J1 ; .. , -in nnnni- it is an acccpta"1 -- saving diplomatic language p -in2 way for quibbling around a vi i m nnf he consul MAV BP SHREWD MOVt Krfi TO HINDER SALE Of Washington-One thott JfI Ing the German peace ott expression in many qir - ,r eft the Germans, in launc hing 0 a.. just at this time, probabi fr?j!. . .. m ii. t !hertV rect tne iounu , . .v.P t ; tAa that the ena Ul h Mi hand. It is believed- ho y p, their, effort will have Je nosite effect. . Officials er & that the American P7he generously over-sucrioe -A-