North Carolina Newspapers

r h I -wrr rOTTNTV NEWSCTRYON, N. ,0. - - - I - . - IMPORTANT NEWS THE WORLD OVER , . . IMPORTANT HAPPENINGS OF THI8 AND OTHER RATIONS FOR SEVEN DAYS GIVEN THE HEWS - OFJHE SOUTH What It Taking Place In The South land Will Be Found In ) Brief Paragraphs Domestic v To solve the problem of unemployed discharged soldiers, the war depart ment has ordered that no man be! dis charged from the army against his de sire until such time as he can obtain profitable employment in civil life.. The annual agricultural approprihr tlon bill, carrying $31,691,600 appropri ation and providing for continuation of government coo-peration with states in employing more than two thousand county farm .extension agents; has been favorably reported to -the housed ' Joseph B. Eastman of Massachusetts has" been appointed to ha - a member of the interstate commerce commisr sion, which appointment has been con firmed by the; senate. A dispatch jfrom Bordeaux, France,' says that Misses Gladys and Dorothy Cromwell, sisters, of New York, leap ed from the rail of the French steamer La Lorraine as tne steamer was in the Garonne river, bound for New -York,, and' that " both were drowned. Their bodies have not, been recovered. After a week of spirited debate,, the senate, by a vote of 53 to 18, passed the administration bill appropriating one hundred million dollars for food relief in Europe and the near east. The measure now goes to conference for adjustment of minor'senate amend ments, but leaders believe final enact ment will be accomplished before the first of February. During tne course of an- address by Maj. Gen. Leonari Wood before the Kansas legislature for a rystem of uni versal training for national defense, he frequently quoted the sayings of the late : Theodore Roosevelt, and as calmly referred to "the next war" and the necessity of getting ready for it as if he were talking j to friends at the dinner table. The; general said his plan was to train the youth not more than six months. Secretary of Agriculture Houston made an address to the American Na tional Live Stock" Association in ses sion at Denver, polo. He said: "I've . got beyond the point of arguing about regulation of stock yards. We do no want the distribution of meat from the time production is j planned on the range until the finished product is de livered to the consumer left , in the hands of a few men." Referring to the charge that he is a "paternalist," he said: "For my part I want less of paternalism 'and more freedom." Former United Spates Senator Geo. T. Oliver died at his home in Pitts burg, Pa. j ... The Mississippi galley' Waterways Association has launched Its cam paign to urge a government appropri ation of amroximatelv foiir hrmdrod million dollars for the development of . 11 inland waterways. The plan of the association contemplates a 12-foot channel from St. Louis to New, Orleans and a 9-foot channel from St. Louis, to St. Paul. European Sergius ; Sazonoff, the former Rus- sian foreign minister under the old regime and now representing the gov ernment of Yekaterinodar and the Si berian government at Omsk, declared in a-statement that he would not par J ticipate in the conference proposed by the supreme council with the Bolshe vik representatives, j Germany, under the, draft of the new proposed constitution, is divided into several federated republics. These political divisions include not less than ten republics. The new German constitution pro- viaes ror tne election of a president by a popular vote majority, and the term of office shall be seven years. .The chancellor will j be appointed by the president and be responsible to the chamber. 1r The proposed German constitution contains the 'provision that as soon as a league of nations shall have been formed, all treaties between Germany and states in the league shall be ap proved ny tne reichstag, The women took a prominent part in the German elections. Even nuns iwent to the polls in a body and voted. ' The German elections clearly proves ithat the development of a republican r form of government j interests the en itire German "nations, j One hundred thousand cotton mill operatives in India are on strike for a larger war . bonus. Germany, Austria and Bulgaria will aiot be admitted-to the league of na- tions until they have proved their fit ness for such participation. , Lord Robert Cecil says the league - of nations should be all-embracing nor an xrustwortny nations since it is Tor tne good of humanity. , - premier lenine of the ' Bolshevik government of Russia Is rnorted to be in favor of surrendering to the al- lles. But Trotzky. Karl Radek and Foreign Minister Tchitcheln oppose nun vigorously, ienine's plan barely lost by only twelve votes but of two The land-grab game got a black-eye n the meeting of the council of the great powers and military command ers on all the- fronts.1 The council ssues a solemn warning to the world that the possession of territory gained by force will' seriously prejudice the claims of those who use such means and set up sovereignty by coercion. This declaration was framed by Pres ident Wilson. ' The. , strength of the forces to be maintained during the length of the armistice; will be determined shortly by" the council of the great powers and military commanders on all fronts. The Omsk government, headed by Admiral Kolchak, is rapidly increas ing its authority, both east and west of Omsk. w The Omsk govfiernment has appoint ed Admiral Kanine commander of the Russian Black" sea fleet. Leon Trotzky, the Bolshevist minis ter of war and marine, did not escape from Narva after 'the defeat of the Bolshevists" by the Esthonians, but was taken prisoner, according to dispatch es--Teaching Basel, Switzerland from Libau. Advices received through Switzer land state that owing to the interven tion of Finnish troops in northern Es- thonhV; and - Livonia,-: the country has been completely rid of Bolshevist soldiers-and sympathizers. A dispatch from Archangel says the Bolshevik! are continuing their shell- ing. of the . American positions at . Ust Padenga, .thirty- miles south of Shen- kursk,-and the American artillery is replying to the enemy fire. Punishment for the kaiser and his associates was formally discussed by the supreme ,war council in Paris re cently. The belief prevails in certain quarters that the council will adopt some .form of the program suggested by. the f American delegation. It is expected that the various " forms of punishment will be taken up simulta neously with the trial of the culprits. President Wilson has ordered limit ed quarters for his personal party when he returns on the George Wash ington so that hundreds of soldiers may accompany him. Revision of tha Chino-Japanese trea ties of 1915, signed after the presenta tion by Japan of her twenty-one de mands, will be asked at the peace con ference by the Chinese delegation, ac- A wireless message from Stockholm says a notatble success has been won by the Esthonlan troops operating against the Bolshevik! northeast of Lake Peipu The Sinn Fein assembly met at the mansion house in Dublin. The as sembly stood while a declaration of independence was read, announcing the establishment of an Irish repub lic and demanding the evacuation of Ireland by the British garrisons. , i About half the Sinn Feiners elected to membership in the British parlia ment' are participating in the Irish as sembly, the other half being In vari ous English prisons charged with se dition or merely held on suspicion un der the spacious and elastic provisions of the defense of the realm act. A royalist revolution has broken out in Portugal, but it is over the pro test of ex-King Manuel, who has pub licly reproved the attempt. Washington , A dispatch from Paris says: Led by President Wilson, the supre"me : council of the great powers moved to unite the factions of distracted Russia gress. The joint commission of the associaiea governments win De an nounced as soon as the Russian fac tions accept the proposal which Was mm m A communicated to them by , wireless." Gen. John j. Pershing, the American general has been called to Paris, and it Is expected that he will be the mili tary member of the American repre sentatives of the joint commission. Means of enforcing prohibition after July 1 are under consideration hy of- ficials of the department of justice and the internal revenue bureau, but steps to create. a special enforcement agency wilL not be. taken until congress has had time to act on pending legislation giving, this function to the revenue bu reau. .- - . .,: While the peace congress is getting into - action the question of President Wilson naming a fifth delegate to act on the American mission when he him self departs" for home has again arisen and the names of William H. Taft and Elihu Root have been mentioned. .There is no doubt in the minds of those "in the know" that President Wilson hopes to avoid the necessity; of making a return trip to Europe. The war trade -board announces that race has again been added to the list of restricted imports. All orders for the requisition of coal or coke have been cancelled by the fuel administration. In honor of the memory of Theodore Roosevelt, the Argentine chamber of aeputies adjourned for one day. T The American peace commission is depending upon Its specialists in Inter national law for the preparation of the American view of important ques tions raised In the agenda adonted hv the peace conference at Paris. Railroads in 1918, under government control and unusual war conditions, earned about $718,000,000, or $250,000, 000 less than In 1917. Beceipts from freight, passenger, express and other transportation by rail during 1918 amounted to approx mately $4,873,000,000. The war department anounces that the three famous NaUonal Guard di visions the twenty-seventh (New York), thirtieth (Wildcat). ; and the thirty-seventh (Buckeye) has been or dered to prepare for embarkation In Prance, This w'll require- several weeks., . k vi !.i firm ww vt-v; wivM .r!it$eii?-&i ' 1 New Curtiss airplane, fastest in king of the Hedjaz, who has been in England to present his father's respects to ; King troops In Cologne celebrating the order to re-mobilize to combat the Spartacans. NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Formal Sessions of the Peace : Congress Begun; League of Nations Up First MANY PLANS ARE PRESENTED Americans Carefully Safeguarding the Monroe Doctrine Poland to "Get Help Armistice Terms Made More Drastic United States For National Prohibition. By EDWARD W. PICKARD. Unless the neace consress. which , held its first formal session on Satur- ' day, changes Its mind, the world must be satisfied hereafter with such infor mation concerning Its deliberations as is contained In the official communique issued daily. Possibly because of a breach of confidence' on the part of some correspondent, the supreme al lied council adopted a resolution that the delegates shall not talk outside the peace chamber of the doings Of . the conference. The hundreds of high priced journalists gathered In Paris from all parts of the world can devote 1 their time to describing the majesty of the Arc de Triomphe and the allure ments of the Paris boulevards. The American and British correspondents formally and energetically protested against this rigid censorship. Later the rule may be relaxed, otherwise the . demand for "open covenants of peace penly arrived at' goes by the board. In the preliminary work of the con jference the make-up and procedure of ! the congress were settled. It was de j cided that the United States, the Brit- J" ?a "T . I should be represented by five delegates ;, apiece. The British dominions and In 1 dia besides are represented as follows : Two delegates respectively for Aus tralia, Canada, South Africa and Jn dia, including the nitive states, and one delegate for New Zealand. Brazil has three delegates. Belgium, China, Greece, Poland, Portugal, the Czecho slovak republic, Rounanla and Serbia have two delegates apiece ; Siam. Mon- tenegro, Cuba, Guatemala, Haiti, Hon- duras, Liberia, Nicaragua and Panama one delegate apiece. The delegates will vote as units. A great deal of time last week was devoted to consideration of the various plans for the league of nations, the organization of which was the first matter . taken up by the peace dele gates after they began, their formal sessions, in accordance with the de-i sine of President Wilson. Many schemes 'for the league were submit-4 ted, these -dividing themselves gener- j any into two groups wmcn differ as to the means of making effective the de cisions of the league. One .holds that the rulings of the society of nations should be' backed up by its combined physical forces ; the other, that such force will not be necessary. Iu the ex amination of the plans it seemed cer tain that a compromise would not be difficult to reach. - Prodded by the expressed anxiety of the senate, the American delegates carefully examined every scheme sub mitted , to make sure that nothing In them endangered the cherished Monroe doctrine. They appear to be satisfied that this American ideal is not imper iled and that, on the contrary, the leagne would in effect extend the prin ciple of the Monroe doctrine to the whole world. The senate Is not so sure of this, and Senator Borah, who strongly opposed the formation of the league, Introduced a resolution which. If passed, would serve notice that the senate wlir not ratify a treaty the pro visions of which conflict with the Mon roe doctrine and with the traditional duty of the c United States to enforce that principle. ' ' - v . - The. matter of extending aid to Po land was one of the serious things dis cussed last week. v esoeciallv serinua Vcause it probably Involves the prob- j the world, built for tne American navy. 2 The EmirFelsal, fson of the lem of- what the allies shall do In the case of.: Russia. The American and British i delegates were said to have agreed Ithat, while none of their own troops i jf should be sent to help the Poles, the two Polish divisions recruit ed in tle United States should be sent from Fjpance through Germany to "as sist thgovernment set up by the Po lish national committee. These troops would co-operate in stemming the tide of bolshevism thatMs flowing west from Russia, making the new Poland a strong bulwark against that flood of anarchy. Tfte Plan is a concession to the Ideas of the French, who are con vinced j;'that bolshevism cannot or. should not be dealt with militarily in Russia ; by. the allies. It also Is likely to compel General PllsudskI to come to an agreement with the Polish na tional .committee as represented in Poland by Paderewskl. -- l.l a' 4 The Spartacan revolution in Ger many 6r?at least in Berlin has fizzled ouU Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg were captured and, according to r.eport, killed. 5pie other leaders, are under ar- rest or dispersed and some hundreds of their followers are dead. After a week of terror the police were reinstated and armed,.. order was restored and busi ness was resumed. - In some other cities .the "Reds" are still In control but their chance for ultimate success seems to have gone glimmering, . For one thing! Hindenburg still has under his command an efficient army of more than a million men, and most of these troops he Is holding true to the Ebert government.' This fact about the German army leads td: .the warning issued by the Central pTews of London, that a situa tion exists In Europe under which war may brek out again at any time and that the)British scheme of demobiliza tion wil:hav to be radically changed -which may also apply to American demobilisation. An "unimpeachable authorl'' is quoted as saying that Great Britain will have to keep an army of occupation on 'the. Rhine' for many months, which accords with the opinion of others concerning all the armies of occupation. It may be this note' of tilarm was caused by the dis covery tfiat the Germans were trying to evade: some of the terms , of the armistlc4;.and by the more drastic conditions Imposed by Marshal Foch In granting an extension of the armi stice. It was reported the marshal even threatened to march directly on Berlin J If the Huns didn't fulfill their pledges. It was stated unofficially that the new terms Included the following: ; ; First-r-Retribution upon the Ger mans for the murder and ill-treatment of allied prisoners. SecondThe machinery and goods stolen byt Germany from France and Belgium ,to be at once given up. 1 IThird--German gold, amounting to more than: $500,000,000, to be moved from Berlin to a safe place., probably Frankfort,and protected from bolshe- vism in Germany en route.- Certain other property to be surrendered, Fourths-Germany to give over her shipping, fpf which she is believed to have 4,00-1,000 tons, to carry food supy plies to countries in Europe In need of them.-:" r; -;: :"..'. ' v";: j Fifth p!hy U-boats on the stocks to be handefto the allies for their dis posal, or .a be destroyed, and no more submarines should be built. I v --IN fca ' - ' 'i Germaiy; is fully justifying all those who refused to believe In her good faith unter any circumstances. She is determined not to permit the estab lishment ht an independent Poland be cause slje still proposes to grab enough in the east to make up for her losses on he west,' and a Polish state would pryent this. The Germans are said to b4 supplying arms to the bol shevik! vho are ravaging parts of Poland, aid there was heavy fighting last week between the German troops and the Ipies near Kalmar. It was re ported tht, Hlpdenburg himself would lead, the Cferman army against Poland. - II f fel . ,.' The' wiS:wIde' activities oi the bol shevik! tlkik in Argentlriar Uruguay and Pera;'where there were desperate' strikes acicompahled by bloody v fight lng, englc)ered by bolshevik agents They alsogsent from Russia 4.OO0.UOO gulden toHolIand-for a coup d'etat and riotoas demonstrations ptanned fori January 2a In this ilot the Ger- George. 3 Government man radicals were co-operating with Wyncoop, the Dutch socialist . leader. Because j of dissension j over Italy's territorial claims the cabinet resigned and Premier Orlando was! commission ed to form a new one. . Several mem- ' bers were bitterly opposed to Foreign Minister Sonnino in his demands. that 1 Italy be given the whole of the Dalma- I tian coast, holding: with President WU- ' son that part of that territory should Justly be j given , to ; the Jugo-Slav state. .:.'( Little Luxemburg also had her crisis ; last week. After a republic had been ' proclaimed,! and suppressed within a I few hours by the , French j military an- ; thorities. Grand Duchess Marie . abdi- ! cated and was succeeded by the eldest I of her sisters, Princess Charlotte. Marie had lost the favor of her people because, though she protested against1 the passage of the German - armies i through the principality, she after- .1 ward entertained high German per- j sonages. s I fe-l ' V- : ' t : Speaking of high personages, there i are some queer reports coming from the refuge of the former kaiser in Holland. It is declared he is border-.; ing on Insanity, talking almost inces santly and Incoherently and wandering 1 about at night It is also said that ; his health . is failing' rapidly. The Germans, -who supported WUhelm v heartily . until he turned out to be a j loser, are now heaping abuse on him and the German commission appoint-j ed to letermme his responsibility for the war has recommended that he be brought to trial, declaring that mar ginal notes in the kaiser's handwriting on papers in the foreign office prove him to have been one iof the chief war makers. This venomous course of the Germans certainly is superfluous, for the allied governments will see to it that Wllhelm and others get the pun ishment they so richly deserve. 5 The desperate need iof the liberated peoples of central Europe for food will be relieved as soon as possible Urged by President Wilson, the American house Of representatives appropriated $100,000,000 for this purpose, and it is understood the other allied nations will do their part. The money Is not . to be spent for food for the Germans, but much-of the relief will go to the peo ples formerly under the rule of the Emperor of Austria. The British army in Italy did a graceful thing the other day when they sent several trainloads of food to starving Vienna in recogni tion of the decent way in which the Austrians had treated British prison ers of war. Hungary, which has been made a republic under the presidency of Count Karolyl, is appealing to the allies for its" share of help, as well as against being deprived of any' of its territory by the surrounding new na tions. - .' . ' Turkey came to the front with the report that the Turks had finally sur rendered Medina, the holy city, of the Mohammedans, to ; the," king of the Hedjaz. This capitulation was In cluded In the terms of the armistice, but was delayed by the long isolation of the garrison. The disposition of Constantinople also was brought un der .renewed discussion by the submis sion . Qf the claims of Greece to the peace delegates in Paris!. . The general belief was that the city would be placed under International' controj rather than turned over to the Greeks' 13 t The United States went dry last week, national ' prohibition "going over the' top' when Nebraska ratified the constitutional amendment, being the thirty-sixth state to take that ac tion. The amendment goes into effect one year hence; but as the war meas-, ure passed by congress establishes4 country-wide prohibition on July 1 the dry era ( will really date from that day. The leaders of the prohibition- party naturally are joyous over the triumph of the cause for which they struggled through so many years, and they now have a vision of a boozeless world. They have established t headquarters in many foreign cities and say they "are making great headway. y The Unit ed States Is the first zreat nation to adopt prohibition, - for the - Russian' ban was only on - vodka, and that na been lifted bjb the , bolshevik govern meat. , Clemenceau .Fully Satisfied -rhat Larger the .Committee is the Less Work it Accomplishes. jraris. ine peace omvfw... TV !- rm ananimously adopted .the league 0f nations program. President Wilson and Colonel House are the America members of the commission thereon. The delegates of the great powerr of the league of nations will be: For the United States, President Wilson and Colonel -House; for Great Brit ain; Lord Robert Cecil and Gen. Jai Christian Smuts; for-France, Leoa Bourgeoise and Ferdinand Larnaude dean of the faculty of the law of ;th& University of Paris; for Italy, Pre mier Orlando and Viterio Scialoia for v J a pan, Viscount Chinda and I Ochiai. The delegates of the small nations will be announced later, j The first signs of a division in tha conference was when it proceeded to consider the four resolutions framed by the council of the ' great powers, providing 'for committees on labor, re sponsibility for the war, reparation for damages and ports, railways and waterways.' Camille Huysmans, in behalf Belgium, asked for two members on the .committees of labor, reparation and the league of nations, and one each on the other. Siberia made a. similar request. y Brazil was more emphatic, declar ing against "a cut and dried pro gram M Venizelos said that Greece was. entitled to membership on the com mittees of reparation and ports. M. Bratiano, for Rumania, and Dr. Benes, for Czecho-Slovakia, as well as the; delegations representing Portu gal,. China, Siam and ' Poland, also asked for. places on the committees. M. Clemenceau finally, in a good tempered speech, said that the coun cil had not imposed its decisions, bhfc had simply convoked the conferences to consider the plan, j "After 48 years of public life' he sai&f "I arn; satisfied that the larger; the committee is, the less it accom plishes. ' . BRITISH TITLE WISHED ON GENERAL JOHN J. PERSHI INGU New York. "The British Who's Who," a copy of the 1919 issue of" which has just been received herji, lists the commander in chief of the American expeditionary forces ? in France as "General Sir John Joseph Pershing, G. C. B." On July 17, 1918, King George ewarded the grand qross of the Order of the Bath to General Pershing anct in August King George during a visit to France personally gave the decora tion to him. The award of the grand5 cross of the Order of the Bath to a British subject automatically makes a knight Nof the recipient and gives him the right to prefix "Sir" to his; name. ' The decoration given General Per shing, however, was an honorary one and it was said at the time that the Ameriean commander would not re ceive the title of Sir" as he was no a British Subject. GREAT NUMBER OF AMERICANS YET IN FOREIGN HOSPITALS Washington.- An official report from General Pershing, made public by the war department, shows that: on January 9 there were 105,753 men of the American army in hospitals in France and England of whom 72,642r were suffering, from disease and 33, 111 from wounds-or other injuries. The report said that the number of hospital cases is steadily decrea-fVoi-A Tiavincr been a reduction of more than 15,000 since the previous week. . y ' j .. Ain tft EXPECTED TO BE " GIVEN BY GERMAN SHIPS' New York. German ; ships allotted to the United States for tne transport tation of troops aggregate a total of j 50.000 tons! lncluding4 the giant Ham-; burg-American liner, Impefator, It wa authoritatively learned. Great Britain also will receive 540, 000 tons, the total representing vir tually all the tonnage held In German narts during the war. The United States; it Is understood however, wiil receive the larger vessels. popp BENEDICT HAS MADE REQUEST FOR INTERVENTION Paris. Pop Benedict has request- d intervention by ; Monsignor Rattir napal delegate at Warsaw, Archbish op Biloeszki of Posen and Archbshiop Szeppyoki, of lmbergl - to end the conflict between the Ukrainian and Polish troops. " ' It "M said that : General Petlra, ead "' of . the . peasant army of the Tkralne,; will send a subsidlaiy of O0u.60Q rubles jo '.the TJkrainian -oops fihtip tb Pole in Gallcia I-