North Carolina Newspapers

CULTURAL PRACTICES AND REPELLENTS i i IMPROVED UXffOlM EttERIUTKRiL THAT WILL CONTROL CORN ROOT-APHIS ..... , - kf?1 KITCHEN m ? i- OBSTACLES MET BY AGENTS Extension Workers Exercise Patience and Tact in Overcoming Much Resistance. Prepared by the United ' States Depart 1 ment of Agriculture.) .. r " In boys' and girls' club work preju- ami preconceived opinion, founded on lack, of knowledge or, misrepresenta tion, are two obstacles that county ir0ats and demonstrators meet every day. To surmount them, is not the easiest task ; to convert opposition into hearty support is an achievement calling for unusual patience and tact. That hoth of these virtues are pos sessed in large measure by a majority of the extension workers may be ad duced from the reports constantly com ing to that bureau. - - A fanner in Maryland had no use for "book farming." He upbraided his son, a member of a boys club, for fol lowing the agent's instructions in seed corn selection. He called the test for KX) per cent germination "foolishness,' and walked off in utter disgust. The hoy, encouraged by his instructor, kept ut it, demonstrated the proposition, greV the selected seed, and got a typi cal hish-grade crop, a decided contrast to dad's. That settled it. The "fool ishness" turned out to be "a good idea." The farmer has become an enthusiast. ; ' :.' At the very outset awoman demon strator in a northern county of Texas was opposed by the parents of a bright village girl, anxious t6 become a mem ber of a boys and girls club. The mother was not a believer in "these new-fangled ideas' and the father had no sympathy with any "crazy theory stuff." In spite of the absence of any form of invitation, the demonstrator A Meeting of Youthful Pig-Club Mem bers.. spent the night with them. Before the family awoke In the morning she went into the ljitchen, made biscuits accord ing to the "new-fap? led idea," helped in the preparation of the breakfast and well, the biscuits conquered. ,"' Today that little girl Is the leading member of a club. During the past sea son her garden was such a success ""that she will have a bigger one this year, and the co-operation of her par ents. And, according to them, "any tlne that agent comes this way she'll find welcome on the door." One more instance, the three covering some of the important phases of agent work Inthe South : The colored farm ers of a certain cotmry in a far South ern statei used to pay no attention to crop rotation or diversification. They grew the same crops in the same fields. only such produce as suited their par ticular whiin. "Nor did they see any necessity for home sanitation. They didn't know anything about the neces sity for either, and cared less. As for the county agent, he was an Intruder, They have different ideas today. Not only do they grow the right crops, but aiso? they take pride in, the appearance of their fields and buildings. There is a friendly rivalry among them now, nd the one-time intruding agent Is be-. fought to set them light Jn all their problems. ' Thus opposition can be overcome to day more than ever through the proper approach, the stlck-to-it attitude, and ltact of the county and field agents ar.u demonstrators of the extension service. Hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiim I LIVE STOCK NOTES l nml,n...nm.mi.,i.M,ii,ii,niM.ffi When barley Is fed to Hvp stock, the e'u'" fuouiu oe crushed. - AX" ririr '811 ' At present. nrifi ttawn td rn ihaoih er min feed for breeding ewes than Outs - .. , . j tto intelligent sheep raiser, no "matter - e owns a large or small flock,' will ewe lambs. i- "xnn naey and oats should be KUnd for nifro - Ul-K eea like ground soy beans, tankage I v- Mivj4 SPRAY FOR INSECT CONTROL Combination Treatment Can Be Made for the San Jose Scale and Apple Aphids. (Prepared by-the United States Depart : ment of Agriculture.) Orchardlsts who have the San Jose and other scale insects to contend with should arrange to ' spray their trees with .proper insecticides before the fo liage puts out in the spring. The prospects of - continued remunerative prices for fruits should be an incen tive to give orchards all needed care to maintain them in productive and vigorous condition. Commercial lime sulDhur concentrate Is the principal insecticide used for Jsan Jose scale spraying. It is usually Gasoline Power. Pump Spraying Outfit. sold In a density of 33 degrees on the Baume scale, and when of this strength should be used at , the rate of one gal lon to from seven to nine gallons of water. ; In spraying for San Jose scale very thorough work is essential, since only . the insects actually hit with the" spray are destroyed. The spray pump used should develop good pressure to insure thorough work. inuring recent years many appie growers have adopted - the so-called 'delayed dormant" method of spray- Jng. Briefly, this consists In deferring the San Jose scale treatment until the tips of the buds of the apple are show ing green. By adding to the lime-sul- phur solution 40 per cent nicotine sul phate at the rate of 1 part to 800 or 000 parts of water an effective com bination treatment can be made for the San Jose scale and apple aphids which congregate on the opening buds. Necessary Insecticides should be ob tained or contracted for, so that noth ing will interfere with carrying out an effective spray program. ARSENATE OF LIME IS GOOD Satisfactory Substitute for Arsenate of Lead, Present Cost of Which Is High. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment or Agriculture. Experiments thus far made by the bureau of entomology. United States department of agriculture, indicate that arsenate of lime may be used in all situations where paris green has been employed, and that for pome fruits (apple, pear, quince) It will often be a satisfactory substitute for arsenate of lead, the present cost of which Is much above normal, when used with lime or fungicides containing lime. v DIGGING OUT TREE BORERS Work Should Be Done, Regularly In Spring and Fall Use Knrre or Suitable Tool. The most effective method of re duclng injury to fruit trees by cer tain borers, as the peacn ana appie tree borers, is to "worm the trees remilarlv In the spring and fall of each year. Previous to worming, the earth should be removed from arounu the crown of the tree to a depth of four or five Inches and the trunk brushed or scraped free of bark and loose dirt. Remove the borers by means of a knife, stiff wire or other suitable tool. AMPLE RANGE IN VARIETIES Plan Should Be to Have Supply In Fresh State During Big Part of Year and for Canning. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment oi Agricumire.j A sufficient range in variety of fruits can be produced in home orchards fc.rmoinnr n' larcre rjortlon of the coun- 2,"?! of the year and for canning and other J 1- - w - . wise conserving for use as aesireq. TOO MANY NEGLECTED TREES Twenty-Five or Thirty Apple and Jium Trees Will Furnish Sufficient Family Supply.; (l v ' rtf 25 or 30 "apple and ; pium trees,' well cared forwll furnish all the fruit the ordlnaty farrx family can use. Whyrplant, mpre and never take care of them i Many of our farms have too many neg lected fruit trees. Cut out some and take care of those that remain. The Corn Root-AphisWinged, Vivi (Prepared by the United States Depart . ment of Agriculture.) , The corn root-aphis attacks the roots of corn throughout the states east of the Rocky mountains, especial ly in those states within the main corn belt of the country,' but also in the South Atlantic states. Since it passes almost Its entire life underground, its presence , frequently , Is' not suspected. It is a small, stout, soft-bodied, whitish-looking insect and may be discov ered in infested fields by pulling up the unhealthy corn plant and closely ex amining the roots und surrounding soil. This kind of aphis , depends en tirely upon the services of a small brown ant, sometimes called the corn field ant, in order' to secure its food and the means of surviving the winter, and the presence of an unusual num ber of brown ants In t cornfields may indicate an infestation of the corn root-aphis. The eggs of the insect are laid by a wingless female aphis which develops only in the fall of the year.;; The ants carry the aphis eggs Into their nests, caring for them all winter long, and in the spring when the eggs hatch the young aphids are carried out and placed In contact with the roots of certain wild plants such as smartweed. If corn is then plant ed In such Infested places, the ants transfer the aphids to the roots of the The Corn Root-Aphii Female. -Egg-Laying corn plants, where they continue to live upon the sap, thereby robbing the corn of its nourishment and often musing a heavy is to the crop. Cultural Practices. Stir the soil thoroughly previous to planting. The object of this pro cedure is to disturb the ant colonies and scatter and kill the aphids so as to enable the plants to make a sub stantial growth before the ant and aphid colonies can become re-established and also to prevent the growth of weeds upon which the aphids live. making it necessary for the ants to carry the surviving aphids to new fields. If infested fields are to be re planted to corn, plow them to a depth BETTER HOG CHOLERA SERUM Under Federal Supervision Production Haa Increased and Quality Haa Been Improved. (Prepared by the United States Depart rhent f Agriculture.) Less than 1 per cent of bog cholera serum manufactured -under federal supervision during the last , year was found to be unfit for use and its sale prevented by federal ofiiclals. Of 271, 402.530 cubic centimeters of serum made In licensed establishments, 2,488, 661 was declared unfit. Corresponding figures for last year were 238,861.279 cubic centimeters of serum produced and 5,036,875, or more tban 2 per cent, was unfit and likewise withheld from market. This comparison shows that federal supervision has Increased the produc tion of serum for combating hog chol era in the United States and has im proved the quality. Serum declared unfit is not, however, necessarily in jurious; it is frequently condemned merely for lack of potency. Hog cholera virus used simultaneously with serum is subject to similar control. In Its supervision of hog-cholera serum and virus manufacture the bu reau of animal Industry prevents eith er product of doubtful quality from leaving the establishment In which It is made. A knowledge of this policy by swine raisers of the United States, it is believed, will cause more herds to be vaccinated and result in greatly reduced losses from hog cholera. PROPER S0!pR;T0MAT0ES Land Should Be Neither Too Rich Nor "Very Poor Cotton or Corn : "Land Favored., Prepared by the pnited States Depart .ment of Agriculture.): :us t Good tomato land is neither extreme ly rich nor very poor, but , Just such and as would grow extra ! good corn jr cotton. Land that wa manured leavlly the previous year will general y jtow good tomatoes. parous Female Greatly Enlarged. of 6 or 7 Inches In the spring after March 15. , Follow this with three or four diskings to a depth of, 4 or 5 Inches with a 16 or 20-inch disk, the number of diskings and the Intervals between them varying according to the length of the period between plow ing and planting. When It Is neces sary to replant early Injured corn, iPlow the field deeply and thoroughly and then give three or four deep disk ings at intervals of two or three days. These practices necessarily involve ad ditional labor, but they prevent . root aphis Injury and also put the field In much better physical condition. Plow ing in the fall before the' ant colonies go below the plow line is sometimes as useful as spring plowing, but if warm weather 'follows, the ants may .reconstruct their nests and reassemble the aphids so that replowlng In spring will be necessary; but whether the field be plowed in the fall or spring, the spring diskings are essential. Early fall plowing, followed by fre quent deep diskings In fields damaged by the root aphis that season. Is a good practice from the standpoint of com munity control as well as for the per sonal benefit derived, because the plowing disturbs the ant colonies, kills many of the aphids, and destroys the weeds upon which they live, and disk ing prevents the recolonlzntion of ants and prevents the growth of weeds, re sulting in a significant reduction In tne number of aphid eggs to carry the bisect through the winter. Repellents for Aphis. Where It Is Impossible to practice one of the foregoing measures, repel lents may be used to advantage. The object Is to repel the ants by the use of an odorous substance off ensivo to them, thus preventing them from col onizing the aphids on the corn roots or 'driving them from the treated field. These materials destroy neither the ants nor the aphids but tend to diive fcway .the ants, the presence of which is essential to the life of "the aphids. Oil of tansy, tincture of asafetlda, oil of sassafras, anise oil, kerosene, and oil of lemon are useful for this pur pose, one of these materials being mix ed with a chemical fertilizer, such as bone meal, and applied by means of a planter r equipped with a fertilizer attachment. They should not be ap plied . directly to the seed, as such treatment may injure It, especially If the season be iwet. One-fourth of a pound of oil of tansy should be diluted with two quarts of alcohol and one quart of water, two pints of asafetlda should, be diluted with one and a half gallons of water, and either repellent thus diluted should be added to 100 pounds of bone meal, this amount be ing sufficient for an acre. SMUDGE SAVES POTATO CROP "Smoke Screen" Successfully AppUef to Field of Tubers in Hardin County, Ohio. (Prepared by the United States Depart ment of Agriculture.) A member of the farm bureau In Hardin . county, Ohio, saved -a 20-acre, field of late potatoes from frost last fall by the use of a smudge. The po tatoes had made practically no growth during July and August because of dry weather, but were maturing in good shape when, on the night of Septem ber 21, the temperature dropped be- low the freezing point. . Preparations had been made for just such an emer-. gency. Baled , straw had been placed in readiness, and at 10:30 that night the fires were started. It was found that a heayy smoke could be made by using wet straw after the flame had, been applied. Fires were kept burning in 102 places, and it is estimated that -ten tons of straw were used. The en tire field was kept covered with smoke and after the sun had been up a few hours the following day it was plain that the potatoes had been saved. The potatoes remained green until October 1. Other foliage, not completely cov ered with smoke, was killed by the frost. TO , PREVENT INSECT INJUR i Add Arsenate of Lead to Bordeaux Mixture Use Care in. Making and Applying Material. Simple Bordeaux mixture will not kill insects. In order, to prevent In sect Injury add arsenate of ; lead .at the rate of , two pounds to each fifty J gallons of Bordeaux (pr. ten pounds to the 250-galIon tank). Great care should be used when making and applyin? Bordeaux ' mixture Do not f spray trees '-with if' during damp, foggy weather or during a rainy period ; foi It Is likely to cause burning of tbt leaves and russetlng of the fruit. A' I bt substituted for Bordeaux. The smallest bark on life's tumultuous -. ocean " . i ; .. v Will leave a track behind forever more; The slightest wave of Influence set In motion Extends and c widens to the.ternar shore.' ' " ' ' " ' r ' ' ; HOUSEHOLD HINTS. A rainy day Is of: en as beneficial to a household as to the soil, for on such days many odd pieces ot work may he finished and leftovers done. One is less'likely to have In terruptions on such days and much may be accom plished. This ' Is a good time, to straighten. dress er drawers and arrange closets. .Rainy days are good days to plan an out-. line of work, meals and .other Impor tant work. For children's parties a clever little cake that delights the email folks Is made by; using animal crackers, dipped In heavy sirup and then fasten them In an upright position on saltiness or ?long narrow crackers. The eyes may be "made with drops of chocolate and other additions will occur, to the deco rator. "Never shake rugs or hang them on lines to be jbeaten One such treat ment may ruin a rug. Place them on the ground and beat them, sweeping after each beating. The vacuum clean er does away with, all this drudgery as well as wearing by cleaning. When out of cake put delicate crack ers together with frosting. Chopped nuts and raisins may be added and the frosting may be varledMn other ways. A pretty way of serving butter when entertaining Is to make three small balls instead of one, and Insert stems from parsley, using a stalk with three stems. A good wall paper cleaner : Take a cupful of sifted flour, one tablespoon- ful of salt, one tablespoonful of kero sene, two tablespoonfuls of ammonia and a half cupful of water. Mix In a small saucepan and cook until the moisture is evaporated, stirring con- tantly. Remove from the fire and knead with the hands until smooth. Use a small piece, kneading and turn ing to keep the clean side out to rub the paper. If slippers slip at the heel paste a small piece of velvet Inside the heel. To remove the shine from garments, rub lightly with a piece of emery pa- Pir. No, the heart that has truly loved .never forgets, But as truly loves on to the close. As the sunflower turns to her god when, he "sets , The same look which she turned when he rose. FOR THE SWEET COURSE. As a finish to the dinner a heavy dessert is often out of place. The light dessert satisfies and is much better for the average person. A cream puff filled with ice cream is one that will not overburden the stomach, or other filling may be used, such as a cooked custard or a chocolate filling. These may be filled and heaped in a handsome dish, making a pretty. as well as toothsome dessert. Chocolate Junket.-Bring to a luke warm" heat a pint of good, rich, sweet milk. Stir In half a cupful of sugar, a third of a cupful of boiling water, a quarter of a cupful of grated - choco. late, with half of a crushed junket tab let dissolved In a teaspoonful of cold water. Flavor with vanilla ,and pour out in sherbet cups to set. Serve top- nea with whipped cream and a sprinkling of nuts. Orange Cream. Beat until stiff one pint of heavy cream. Soak half a package of gelatin In a cupful of cold water until dissolved. Beat the yolks of three eggs ; add the strained juice of two large oranges and the rind of one. Add a cupful of boiling water, the eegs, and cook untfl thick, then add the softened gelatin and a cup ful of powdered sugar. Pour Into halves of oranges to mold. Kumquats make a good garnish for this dish to be used when it is served in sherbet cups. Apple Trifle. -Take a pint of well- -sfMisoned nDnle sauce, put through a sieve and reheat. Soften half a pack age of gelatin in cupful of cold water and stir It Into the hot sauce. When well dissolved and ,the sauce is quite cold, fold in a pint of whipped cream flavored with nutmeg or grated lemon npel. or with any desired flavor. Turn Into a mold that has been wet with cold water and let stand in a cold place for several hours, serve un- molded on a platter, surrounded witb a custard or with whipped cream. Fats 1n the Body; - Fats In the body occur under th skin In the muscles and around certain irgans. They act as a protection foi he body against injury and serve as a stored supply of fuel, in case food can 'ot' be taken. ' Fats are liquid In tin; v'ody ; and are ' stored IA albuminous ells. Transoms can be raised and lowerc Ikefl a window shade with a devlc ji Oregon Inventor has patented. - xgjuuU Irvu (By REV., P. B. FITZWATER; D IX. Teacher of English Bible Id Xif M v I Bible Institute of Chicago.) (Copyright; 1919. by Western Newspaper t i " ' " . 1 1 ,t . J,, .'i LESSWilroR maV 4 MAN MADE IN THE GOD. IMAGE OF LESSON TEXTS Genesis 212S-S; Eptw Bians 4:20-24; Genesis 2 :7-, GOLDEN TEXT God created -maa a his own image. Gen, 1427. DEVOTIONAL READING Psalms .t. PRIMARY TOPIC-God Our Creator ax Father. ; JUNIOR TOPIC What God : Expects From His Children. - INTERMEDIATE TOPIC Loyalty rtm Our Heavenly Father. 1 '' . SENIOR AND ADULT TOPlOTtw Dignity and Worth of Man....,, . . I. Thi' Creation of Man (Gen. 28). ; 1. Tim,e when the earth, his hotns. ' was ready for him. The order ia creation shows design on the . part of God. He anticipated man's need l storing the coal In the earthptTarc cp" minerals in the rocks, storing Sc triclty everywhere, causing the wator to gush from the valleys and hillsides. preparing plants and herbs ' fo the healing of man's injuries and food aafi raiment adapted to evei'y climatic condition. 2. His nature (vv. 26. 27).. He warn created In the likeness and image ff God. This act was preceded by a spe cial counsel of thet Godhead.' It .vacs said, "Let us make man." This pre cludes the foolish and wicked assump- J tion that man ascended from or through the brute. He came into,. be ing by a special creative act of GoA. This creative act Is confirmed by Christ (Matt. 19:4; -Mark 10:6). WItk such testimony we can dismiss, the evolution theory as to man's ortgfa mm. a human vagary. This likeness ani Image is not physical and bodily, bt Intellectual. (Eph. 4:24), and mora. (Col. 3:10). Man Is spirit, soul an , body (1 Thess. 5:23). God's likeness Is reflected in man's tripartite narare. As there is a trinity and unity l n 2o4. so there is a trinity and unity in man. Spirit Is the highest part of man, that which makes it possible for him ts know God. The oul Is man's seft conscious life, the seat of his emo tions and desires. The body . is.tme seat of the senses, the agency W which . he knows the world.. Go, made man with a- personality capable , of having fellowship with - hmweUT, with whom he could share his story. 3. His rank and power (w. 26, "2SV. Man, the jast In creation, was place above all else, over all the rest ? creation.' Being In the - likeness an Image of God, he was fitted to rale. How far short man comes of Ovlng up to the position given him tfce Creator I The first man was 'not m savage, neither a baby. ' Fresh from -the Creator's hands he possessed 'sock lofty powers of intellect as to enable him to name the beasts as they passe before bim, (Gen. 2 :19t 20); " II. Man Alone' in Paradise' COcs. 2:7-9). " " , Adam had a most beautiful .plaee a which to live. "Pleasant td the eyes, and good; for fd'. describes his sor roundings. His environment, was bn keeping with his ZAtar''jmm only fit for him in ah unfallen 'state As soon as his nature was . wrecfee, out he must go. Paradise with afl tk splendor .could noj satisfy man. ' H heart was desolate. Reciprocal lore la the only thing that can 8atisflr,,,the ' heart of man. Animals of .alvarte ties surrounded him, but none weae adapted to be his companions.!. ac centuate this : need God caused,, the animals to pass before Adam.;.. He,' differentiated from all. the animals that he was a personality. .'He endowed "with the powefof ove there fore only a being who could leve lm return could satisfy- him; ,T this need woman was made'for. They had minds alike j they, ha salr-; ltual natures alike ; therefore v;"fhey : could commune focether 3 abotrt!' the things that surrounded them:-an about God. : ' : Man was made from the dust of Ore' ground and woman was ; taken from his side. She Is therefore -faev re move further from the earth thas man. The fact that woman was made 1 from man's rib points to unity, simi larity and equality. God charged' thht first pair with the responsibility f replenishing the earth, (Gen.' tSlL Marriage Is a divine institution an most sacred; for God made them male and female; and performed the first marriage ceremony. In' view off this, polygamy and. divorce are, gross ly criminal. Marriage Is the fountain head of all life, religious, social sn national, therefore corruption here li most fatal. T. . ?lf ."' " . A Joy Forever. An aspiration . Is a Joy forever., TV have many of these Is to be spIrltuaXSy richStevenson. . Mr. - Gladstone "was once "hear t Temark that If all ' the !wlts;of me were to be united In 'one, "bralnV! that man would.; be unabter ti Jappraise with , perfect Justice any .single, moral action. The shades of . tfie ra he wrote, are. not so' nice, the'sanSs f the. seashore are not such' a'cmxia Tide,",'ajr' ' are the ' subt!s hlftms; ; Mending forms of thought and of dr nmstanres that go to determine the haracter of one act:' But there Is one hat seeth plainly and Jadcs rlghteousy.-, m , , . "eu pu meal fed with them.