i
ll
1
POLK COUNT Yj NEWS, TOYON, NORTH CAROLINA j
S
OF PEACE TREATY AT VERSAILLES
.Signature Affixed in Historic Hall Where Nearly Half Century
Before, Humbled France Acknowledged Defeat at
Hands of Her German Adversaries.
STATE OF TCr-R0R
Exist.
FATED CITY
OF ALL
' ' - ' ' . - - ' , " ' ' ' -' . i- . ' , - (' ' " - - ,
' - -. . . , - --'''. v" ;;r- 'I"'- . '.'v-:' - ' ': : .v'- . - .r '.- ' '. ,. .
SIMPLE
CEREMONIES
MM
GNfNG
BECAUSE OF SHANTUNG SETTLEMENT CHINESE 00 IT SI6N
World War is Finally Ended, Having Lasted Just Twenty
Seven Days Less Than Five Years; Conditions of 1871
Exactly Reversed; Germans Enter Protest Against
Fancied Indignities,
Versailles. World peace was sign
ed - and sealed Saturday at 3:12
p. m., in the historic hall of !
mirrors at Versailles, but under cir
cumstances which somewhat, dimmed
the expectations of those who had
worked and fought during long years
of war and months,, of negotiations for
its achievement.
The absence of-the Chinese dele
gates, who at the last moment were
unable to reconcile themselves to the
Shantung settlement, and left the
eastern empire outside the formal pur
views of peace, struck the first dis
cordant note in the assembly. A writ
ten protest which Qeneral Jan Chris
4 tian Smuts lodged with his signature
was another disappointment to the
jaakers of the treaty.
But, bulking larger, was the attitude
Germany and the German plenipo
tentiaries, which left them, as evident
trom the official program of the day
and from the expression of MClemen
ceau, still outside any formal recon
ciliation and made actual restoration
to regular relations and intercourse
with the allied nations dependent, not
upon the signature of the "prelimi
naries of peace" today, but upon rati
fication by the national assembly. .
To M. Clemenceau's stern warning
In his opening remarks that they
vould be expected ,and held, to ob
serve the treaty provisions legally
and completely, the German delegates,
through Dr. Haniel von Haimhausen,
replied after returning to the hotel
that, had they known they would be
treated on a different status after sign
ing than the allied representatives, as
shown-by their separate exits before
the general body of the conference,
they never would have signed.
As a contrast with the Franco-German
peace session of 1871, held
In the same hall, there were present
grizzled French veterans of the Fran
co-Prussian war. They replaced the
Prussian guardsmen of the previous
ceremony and Ihe Frenchmen watch
ed tie ceremony with grim satisfac
tion. -
1871 Condlt'-ons Reversed.
The conditions of 1871 were exactly
reversed. The disciples of Bismarck
sat In the seats of the lowly while
the white marble statue of Min
erva, the goddess of war, looked on.
Overhead of the frescoed ceiling,
were scenes from France's ancient
wars.
Three incidents were emphasized
by the smoothness with which the cer
emony was conducted. The first of
these was the failure of the Chinese i
delegation to sign. The second was
the protest submitted by General Jan
Christian Smuts, who declared the
peace unsatisfactory. The third, un
known to the general public, came
from the Germans. When the pro
gram for the ceremony was shown
to the German delegation, Herr von
Haimhausen, of the German delega
tion, went to Colonel Henry, French
liaison officer, and protested. ITe
The delegates of the minor powers
made their way with difficulty through
the crowd to their places at the table.
Officers and civilians lined the walls
and filled the aisles. President Wil
son's arrival 10 minutes before the
hour for signing was greeted by a
faint burst of applause from the few
persons who were able to see him.
The German correspondents were
ushered into the hall shortly before
3 o'clock and were given standing
room in a window at the rear of the
correspondents' section.
When Premier Lloyd George arriv
ed many of4he delegates sought auto
graphs fromthe members of the coun
cil of four, and they busied themselves
signing copies of the official program
until the Germans entered the room.
At 3 o'clock a hush fell over the hall,
and the crowds shouted for the offi
cials who were standing to sit down,
so as not to block the view. The del
egates showed some surprise at the
disorder, which did not cease until
all the spectators had either seated
themselves or found places against
the wall.
At seven minutes past 3 o'clock
Dr. Hermann Mueller, the German
secretary for foreign affairs, and Dr.
Bell, the colonial secretary, were
shown into the hall, and quietly took
their seats at the left end of the U
shaped table. They showed compo
sure, and manifested none of the un
easiness which Count von Brockdorff
Rantzau, head of Lthe German peace
delegation, displayed when handed the
treaty' at Versailles.
M. Clemenceau, as president of the
tuuiereuce, maae a brief speech in
NO LONGER JNY SOCIAL LtFE
Recent Executions n:
of One,s and Twos
Groups By Ma
wul 0T Who
'line G
note
uns.
1 First photograph of Villista prisoners taken by United States troops in Mexico. 2 Men of the British
roval air forces at work on the moorings on Roosevelt field, Mineola. L. I. for the great British dirigible R-34
which was scheduled to make the trip across the Atlantic. a-Sunderland House. London, the sekt "o the League
of Nations committee until permanent headquarters are established in Geneva, Switzerland.
Helsingfors. it k -.,....
to recognize Petr,,,,, l(i , " Poss
terrible change witim ' ln8 t0
rpr. has so increase th,?th" T
speaks in the street tr.i nobo(i?
Pubfe
ne annn
in f, ....... u
diers especially avoid -v, H
Dmvor.fl tnrc rf fV, ... , 'alW(
- Llic !
nTanAo TWi ",us Or
er suspiciously, fearh
Social life to 'all
army.
intents has'
of
ce.asei
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
Signing of the Peace Treaty at
Versailles Brings the World
War to a Close.
paid by Germany for the armistice,
and in sinking them the Germans de
liberately stole that which they had
paid. The fact that they apparently
settled what might have developed
into a dispute among the allied na
tions as to the disposition of the ships
doesnot mitigate the crime. The-flag
incident, small In Itself, was charac
teristic of the low-minded Hun.
open a
He demands of all
identity papers; also
opponents of the League of Nations
in that body almost to abandon hope
of its defeat, but enough of them still
demand the amendment of the cove
nant to prevent itS ratification as it
umcmiiuijg ive m me iamny, what thpv a v
in his tight against both the
,i w. . . uuomws 01 me vis
In every house there
ftTT Al'tkA it. "
cimcx me iront ck hirir a
mS snenuy shut or at whi,K "
communist sentrv . ?
in'nierS first.pI
llSO their rmU",
walk, in the street, and then null 0
as' to whom they are going toV'T
lSltnra ti
the answer is satisfactory, thpv'n,.
- j unv
me iicuy, iiucKing tnem on
"i raiding against in; if unsatisfactory, thev are
trip nrnnnooH a i . I ' LUC.V are
4t nimy or uu,- ed, taken to the
arrest-
000 men he said theJeazue covennn LT' Z :"lmmiS.sanat anl
The recalcitrant spirit of the Ger- offers no hope of disarmament, but in- p3 !8 . Peter
mans exhibited itself in various ways stead makes certain an era of th Z ZZ-,- J euerauy are shot
during the week, and the several far. greatest armnmpnt tho t,i k
f X-CRCVfJ PRINCE RFTIIPH9 tIonS took advantage of the conditions ever seen. The senate passed the bill, fT reC6ni xecutins carried out
Ln W"" IllHOt IILIUllllO each In its own mxnnpr ti,o r.,iuia which nnrrioc at Peter and Paul are nn imw.L
-"v. ''iiv.u.o i C4ii aiiiiv uppropriauon , , . -""bci m
and the mobs that always support of $8S8.000.000. The bill as passed bv ?ne 3 two s but in whole WW
fham f n ,..1 T 1 1 i . I U . . . I f ) V H. STlPrlH I . TT1 QPhttla mi -n
iuiiicu umm nuo a neuiam. W,G nuusse proviuea tor 300,000 men
rioting and plundering and fighting and appropriated $718,000,000. The
the troops that were sent to suppress house majority in opposing the larger
them. Shops were pillaged and citi- temporary army is seeking to hasten
zens robbed by armed bands of ma- -ne entire reorganization of the army
rauders, while agitators incited them the adoption of a permanent mili-
ro runner outrages. At last accounts tary policy. The paval bill presented
uie oauie was still going on and barrl-v 10 tne senate n!so Is larger than that
caaes naa been erected In the streets
Bloody Rioting In Berlin and Hamburg
Strong Indications of a Military
Counter-Revolution "Free
Ireland" Agitation Increas
ing In United States.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD.
The peace treaty with Germany was
eiuuys
by a special. machine gun detachment
The bodies are mostly thrown in the
Neva.
BEER QUESTION NOT NOW ONE
OF LAW- BUT MATTER OF FACT.
Washington. Contend i
passed by the house, carrying an ap- court may say, as a matter of law
.0 . ..j, .o, uuu me "aiuuurg, 100, mere were Dioody ppnuiion or $646,272,000 and in
world war officially came to a close riots in which many persons were creasing the personnel to 191,000 men
just five years to a day after the event killed. Representatives of th Indus. Plans for Prpdripnt wne. , u
that precipitated the mighty conflict, trial councils seized the political and making tour in support of the treaty
the assassination of the Austrian grand military power 4here, but Gen. von nd League of Nations covenant are
uue hi Sarajevo. ine ceremony was eitow-vorjteck was gent with strong
performed in the Hall of Mirrors at forces to restore order.
Versailles with a stately dignity be- In military circles in Berlin It was
fitting the most notable event of the asserted that as soon as a real coin
kind In fill h i Gf rir-f lfoii U munlcHt . A . .
vffin tho n0t.rr,o . . . icpie- -"v. wa8 sianea mere
and thpTI Jo K e ireajy senranves of the allied and assocl- would be a counter-revolution. The
fiam W"- n,fPd Pwers h taken their places in Junkers and militarists everywhere
ir.M"" .tt,le hal1 and the Privileged spectators were laying plans to regain control of
ter a momeni 3 aelay, escorted the
German plenipotentiaries to the signa
tory table, where they signed the
treaty, the protocol and the Polish un
dertaking. '
After the Germans had signed. Pres
ident Wilson, .followed by the other
were in their seats, the German dele
gates, Mueller, Leinert and Bell, were
ushered In. M. Clemenceau, without
making a speech, declared the meet-
not yet completed, but it Is said he
certainly will go as far as to the Pa
cific coast. His return to America will
not be much longer delayed, and as
soon as he has spoken in Washington
and New York he will start on his
trip. The opposition senators also' are
arranging tours in which, it is under
stood, they will both precede and fol-
the country on the expected earlv fall
of the present government, and there ,ow the president.
was a story that Hindenburg was to
be the leader of an independent Prus- The agitation in th's country ln be-
ins open and, as president of the peace sia that would defy the allies and the naif of "Free Ireland" is increasi
-wt4CUv.ir, msi signea uie treaty, rest or uermany. The Poles inter
President Wilson next attached M cepted messnps that ,.0uh
, - 1 . ... 1 "o -vcicu a uiui
",uowv'au ucicgates, maae nis way to rrenner L.ioya George came to reopen the war oOthe eastern front
the table and he and the oters speed- IHXt- ne hundred and sixteen other with the secret support of the govern-
ily affixed their signatures. Premier representatives of nations opposed to ment at Berlin. The peace conference
Lloyd George came next with the Enc- Germany then signed the document, thought this of suffirlpnt imnrt,0
lish delegation. The. British domin- and last -of a the German delegates to warrant the sending of a note to
ions iouowea uanada, Australia, New canea up to attach their names.
Zealand, South Africa and India, in TJie entire ceremony took several
the order named. nours.
A murmur of surnrisp naioad
- JT i I a 1 S rm m.
around the hall when t w.m. L auer, having succeeded
known that General Smuts, renrPSPnt. cne,demann as premier, urged the
ing South Africa, aimed undpr r. r to aDIde by the vote of the
ne.
ana me movement has reached such
proportions that it cannot be ignored.
ine propaganda is carried on ener
getically and openly and 'the govern
ment could hot do anything to check
it If ft would. Eamonn De Valera
"president of the Irish, Republic." who
nas been In America for several weeks
government would be held strictly visiting Washington and other cities,
responsible for unofficial support of hs emerged from his privacy and is
any movement against Polish authori- Publicly working for the Independence
iy in me territory given Poland In or s country and arranging for a
Posen and East-and West Prussia. bond issue of $5,000,000. He imvp nut
The bluff that Germany would "go the text of a letter his "government"
what percentage of alcohol in liquor
makes it intoxicating, the judiciary
committee, in a report to the house on
prohibition enforcement legislation de
clared this was a question of fact and
not law, and as such was clearly with
in the province of Congress.
The committee held that the right of
Congress to define "intoxicating li
quor" as a beverage containing more
than one-half of one percent alcohol
was in full accord with its constitu
tional powers, and that every state,
in dealing with alcoholic liquors. "hd
named products of that percentage as
intoxicating and had either pro'ulhited
use of such liquors or subjected them
to heavy tax.
"To define what is intoxicating does
not trespass on . the province of the
-court," said the majority report pre
pared by Chairman Volstead.
President Ebert warning him that his
EARTHQUAKE SHOCK CAUSED
CONSIDERABLE LOSS OF LIFE.
Rome. Earthquake shocks in Tus
cany Sunday caused the deaths of 127
persons and injuries to several thous
and, according to the latest advices
said:
"We cannot admit that the German
delegates should enter the hall by a
different door than the entente dele
gates, nor that military honors should
be withheld. Had we known there
would be such arrangements before,
the delegates would not have come."
After a conference with the French
foreign minister , it was decided, as a
compromise, to render military hon
ors as the Germans left. Otherwise,
the program was not changed. "
An hour before the signing of the
treaty, those assembled in the hall had
been urged to take their seats, but
"their eagerness to see the historic cer
emony was so keen that they, refused
to keep their seats, and crowded to
ward the center of the hall, which Is so
long that a good view was impossible
from the distance. Even with opera
glasses ,the correspondents and others
were unable to observe satisfactorily.
The seats were in no way elevated
consequently there was a general
scramble for standing room.
HINDENBURG HAS THROWN UP
JOB OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.
-
- Berlin. Field iMarshal -von Hinden
burg's letter to his troops" runs as
follows in -part:
"Soldiers, I intimated some time
ago to the government that I must
prefer an honorable defeat to a shame
ful peace. I owe you this explana
tion. Having already at an earlier
stage announced by intention to with
draw again into retirement after the
decision as to peace has been made,
. ( now lay down my. command In chief.
from PlnrATiro Thp renter 0" te
, - o uuuci yi u- i o f 1 rr o 1 . . I . " J "vvi fov . ilia gu v Cllinjent I "
test and filed a document declaring nauonal assembly, accept the peace bolshevik" if not treated leniently is snt to the peace conferenrp W!,rnin, Seismic movement apparently was
that the peace was unsatisfactory. T . enaeavor to carry them out n longer heard. Much greater is the It that Ireland would not. be bound Vicchio, a town of 11.000 inhabitants, -
M. Clemenceau and the French del- Iw 7t 11 "U1U I, ntry togeth- prooaoiuty mat she will revert to her y ny treaty signed in its behalf by 15 miles northeast of Florence.
Among the victims at Vicchio, whicn
suffered severely were the local doc
tors. The railway station, Lorenzo,
north of Vicchio, churches and fac
tories at San Borgo were destroyed.
Airplanes have been sent in all di
rections along the Appenme mouu
tains seeking information. It is ii--ed
some regions mav have been isolat
ed, by destruction of all means of com
munication. '
egates were the next in line for the he de Th! iJl .!.0f commissioners. His main pur-
signing, and Baron Sonnino and the of self dVfPn.r Z 7 I V . or her defeat, P"e incoming to the United States is
nthr ianQnaa- ? or seli-oetermInation, this enslave- devote herself to schemes of revemrP to compel our eovprnmpn
ment of the German people, this new On Thursday the news reached of public opinion, to recognize official
menace to the peace of the world." Paris that the former crown prinqe y the Irish republic. In the senate
His words were echoed by the Hun had escaped from Holland and en- he has a number of supporters who
press and the Hun drators, and many tered Germany with members of his assert the principled self-determinant
open assertions that Ger- staff. This, together with the report on should apply to such countries as
many accepted the treaty only under that the former kaiser intended to re- Ireland. India, gypt and? Korea as
looki,ng on " as another turn to Germany as soon, as the treaty well as to . the countries of centraf
scrap or paper, and riwaitlncr oniv was signed. aroiisp"rt
ii. . i, w i " uin rai in i f "i icaai, utr; v ueciare tnese
tne chance to violate it and to get re- Peace conference circles. The sentl- People should have the chflnp m mo
ment in Germany in favor of William sent their claims to independence to
has revived mnrkprii thP
AH week the TTnn o-,r 4 Hp foar t,f .i . . I . , c Aiuencaa
.,4. ftv.mucm - "'c-icai-uoimry elements tx: ueiegation was taken to tnW
sougnc ror someone whn u,-nni,i will roiiv
Spnf tn , J """ uupopumr emest i winpiying with the resolution
ana attach his son. 0f the senate- reaupst in fha nMotMt.
f - O Jl coiucu i.
oiner Japanese delegates. The Ital
ians came after the Japanese, and
they, in turn, were followed by the
representatives of the smaller powers.
During the attaching of the signa
tures of the great powers and tne
Germans a battery of moving picture
machines and cameras clicked away
so audibly that they could be heard
above the general disorder.
Cannon Boom.
At 3:45 the booming of cannon in
celebration of the peace broke the
monotony la the hall of mirrors, where
the crowd had tired of the almost end
less signing..
China's failure to send her dele
gates to the ceremony created much
comment. The vadant seats f tho
HOLLAND WARNED NOT TO
LET KAISER GET AWAY.
sent to be the "goaf
name to the pact. First HaniPi vnn
Haimhausen, secretary of the peace
delegation, was selected, but he was
too unimportant to suit the allies and
so h declined. Finally. Dr. Hermann
Mueller, foreign minister; Herr Lein-
ir the civilized nations of the world to procure a hearing for the Irish
icawieu uieir lesson,- they will representatives.
case tne advice of Clemenceau : "Be
I ,n in wore n nfa1 t- IV . I
can in uie pro- ert and Doctor Bell mfnicf
ceedines. hut it wao pp . ut-lor en, minister of col
delegates would arrive later. Thei
A. T . .
me report was circulated officially promising to be in Versa 111 Jtv cT
that the Chhiese would not sign with day morning. .Versailles hy Satur-
careful; keep your powder dry." In
cidentally, the ".Tiger," having seen
the day for which he says he waited
forty-nine years, has 'announced his
early retirement to private life. He
has greatly accomplished a
task. ,
a
the
great
uiu reservation on Shantung, and
would issue a statement this evening
on their position. M. Clemenceau's
announcement that the ceremony was
at an end made it clear that China in
tended to have no part in the day's
ceremonies and that she must be dealt
with by letter if the signatories are
willing to grant her the privilege of
making the reservation. :
WASHINGTON RECEIVES NEWS
WITH SCARCELY A FLUTTER..
Washington. Word of the consum
mation of peace was rec-ived at the
national capital with scarcely a flut
ter of popular or official sentiment.
At the white house and the state
department the news aroused only a
quiet feeling of satisfaction, that the
pre-arranged program for the signing
at Versailles had gone through In
Congress there was but a momentary
-BuuBiMuon ana on the streets th
It fell to the lot of Haimhausen
to notify M. Clemenenceau for
mally of the. decision of the govern
ment to accept the treaty, and in the
Austria win' follow Germany's lead
and accept the terAs imposed on it,
and Italy's new government, headed
Dy iittl, has given assurance of its
unconscious humor "No act of vio
lence can touch the honor of the Ger
man people"-as if anything could
touch, a thing so Illusive, not to say
nonexistent.
If there were such a thing as Ger
man honor, the violence of the Ger
mans themselves would have" touched
it twice the other day. First, when
the crews of the surrendered war
ships sank them in Scapa Flowand,
second, when a mob took from a mu
seum and burned the captured French
flags of 1871, which .Germany Was
Pledged to return to France. In these
wwlhey e accus?d of violating
both the armistice and the treaty and
w 1 be called to account Also, the
allies, or at least the French, will de---paraUon
for the rw,n
crowds me no show of merest jni. oon fin nn vcsseI- The surrender of
juu uuu uu uu's was part of the prfce
ZZVJLT? w,. adhe.rence to .tt, prepared. 6,
patches from Vienna said a political
rapprocnement was materializing be
tween Italy and Austria, especially
concerning Tyrol. At home Nitti Is
having a hard row to hoe. his political
opponents, especially s the nationalists
headed by D'Annunzio, attacking him
fiercely for hlsNattitude on the Adri
atic question.
Bulgaria remains to be dealt with,
and so does Turkey. The latter has
not helped her cause any by her recent
actions. Strong bodies of Turkish sol
diery have attacked the Greek forces
in Asia Minor and forced them back
The great sympathy strike In Winni-
peg came to an end Thursday, being
vuueu on Dy tne strike committee. The
terras or settlement were left to
suveiument commission. On
whole the strike was a failure.
u.igu uuu iew xork both had
venous and embarrassing labor trou
Dies last week. In the former city the
street cleaners, garbage and ash han
dlers and job foremen , and the team
sters and chauffeurs working for the
ana on city jobs went on strike
and many other city employees made
uemanjis ror more pay. 'In New York
a strike of teamsters almost deprived
fruits1 f ltS SUpply of vegetables and
An interesting Innovation was the
organization of a labor. union of navy
officers, -begun In the Atlantic fleet,
for the purpose of obtaining increased
pay and ther concessions from the
government. It is planned to affiliate
with the American Federation of La-
,i?r ondi 6Xtend the un!on to delude
the Pacific fleet and the "European and
Asiatic squadrons. A clause in.' thp
toward the coast. Of course Greece ?rLregUl?nS v,rtuay forbids the
hoc mo A a
l""v,c yiuiest, ana so far as Is
known the Turks have not' explained
their action.
rtnci1 ,n the
United States senate has caused the
formation of such onrnnfH, k..
the facts that their pay has not been
increased since 1008 and -that the
commutation of quarters to officers at
sea now Is In dangerof being cut off
apparently have made the officers
fUat of the rule. .
London. The allied govertiments
have represented to the government
steps to prevent the departure
7f the
TT-11nnH
former German emDeror iron: n " '
C. B. Harmsworth, under secretary
.1 rt 4
state for foreign affairs
in the house of commons.
of
a'l.n ounce"
BOMBARD IRISH TOWN?,
.CHARGE AGAINST BRITI5"
Paris. Irish "American dfle
here in the interest .of the Irish
pendence movement, sent a ne
, v, tifV
bardies
to Premier Clemenceau m
charged the British with bom
Irish towns from airpbn"
ly murdering women and '
Thev said also the Britis.i
Ing frequent orders of hanis!ine- -g
xuejr nsKCU tuts wk1'"
special investigation commission
I --11.
ient.
DRS. MUELLER AND BELL
ARE BACK AT B,IN
' 'Berlin. Hermann Mueller and
Johannes . Bell, the German P-
treaty authorities, have arr vpt. -
Members of the party n-'d
before arriving at Comvtetve .
pants of the .dining car. were si
by. a stone or apiece oi
thrown into the ai. v,v!)
.Both the peace delegation
conducted the negotiations .
lafHes and the .armistice coram
at. Spa will be d issolved.
- -TT-ff-l-----2- . .
A-