North Carolina Newspapers

i. I i POLK COUNTY NEWS, TRYON, NORTH CAROLINA r t 1 si IMPORTANT NEWS THE WORLD OVER IMPORTANT HAPPENINGS OF THIS AND OTHER NATIONS FOR SEVEN DAYS GIVEN THE NEWS OF THE SOUTH What Is Taking Place In The South, land Will Be Found In Brief Paragraphs Foreign General Pershing, who was the guest of King Victor Emmanuel left here for Venice, on his way to Treviso, where he will start on a visit to the Italian batlefields. ' A decree declaring Admiral Kolchak and the all-Russian cabinet at Omsk to be outlaws has been issued by the soviet government, according to a wireless message from Moscow to Lon don. The Bolsheviki have been driven from Odessa by the populace of 'the city, according to reports received by the British war office. It is reported also that the soviet forces are evacuating Kiev and the entire Ukraine. It is reported that the non-Bolshevik Ukrainians have invited the Poles to help them capture Kiev, promising to pay them with crops which the Bol shevik would get otherwise. Herbert Hoover has left Warshaw for Lemberg, Pinsk and the eastern districts to take stock of the harvest prospects there. The outlook for the food supply of Poland is, indeed black. Week after week rainy weather has ruined crops and the estimated harvest will be 20 to 30 per cents below nor mal. To recover more than $3,000,000 in gold, part of the fortune of the late Oom Paul Kruger, once president of the Transvaal, which is believed to be cemented, in the hold of the bark Dorothea, sunk on Tenedos roof, off the coast of Zululand, is one of the projects which may be recived as a result of improvement in science of salvaging sunken ships. Washington The American passenger liners Fin land, Kroonland and Louisville, form erly the St. Louis, will be released from government service as soon- as surveys for repairs have been made, the shipping board announced. All have been used as. army transports. They- are owned by the International Mercantile Marine. President declared he could not and would not declare peace before treaty ratification. One of the two American soldiers sentenced to death for sleeping on outpost duty in France and subse quently pardoned by President Wil son was killed in the great Aisne of fensive in July, 1918, and the other was twice wounded and finally hon orably discharged. ' - The department of agriculture esti mates that the depredations of rice birds,- also known as. red birds or bobolinks, cost the rice growers of North Carolina, South Carolina, Geor gia and Florida approximately $150, 000 last fall. Investigations conducted by the biological survey revealed this loss and the department anounces it has taken steps to protect the rice crops. The secretary of agriculture under authority of the migratory bird treaty act, has authorized the shoot ing of bobolinks, under restrictions. , A bill to stop all immigration for two years and to deport all aliens who -withdrew their first papers in order to escape military service during the war, was introduced by Chairman Johnson, of the house immigration committee. It is regarded as the most drastic measure of the kind ever pre sented to congress. Repeal of the daylight saving act was accomplished the senate voting to sustain the house in passing thi measure over the president's, veto. The vote as 57 to 19. The reDeal of the law, which now takes its place among the very few which have . been i passed over a presidential veto, be comes effective after the clocks are! turned back to normal in October. I After a lengthy conference with the representatives of the six shop crafts Director General Hines went to the white house to discuss with President Wilson the problems fac ing the railroad administration. While no announcement was made, it was understood that the entire ques tion was reviewed, including the obvi ous necessity for an increase in rates or another congressional appropria tion to provide funds for any wage in crease advances that may be made, since the administration has been in ' curring a deficit every . month this . year due to the falling off in business and the higher cost of labor and ma terials. It is the belief of General John J. Pershing that the bodies of American soldiers that died overseas should be left interred in foreign soil and that the American government should take immediate steps to permanently im- prove and beautify American ceme teries in France and England. President Wilson, interpreting the league of nations covenant for the sen ate foreign relations committee, de clared it imposed no legal obligation , for the use of American military force ' In protecting the territory or Independ ence of any other .nation.- Without amendment, and with prac tically no. oppositibn, the house voted to amend the Lever food control act to extend its provisions to include clothing, containers of food, feed or fertilizers, fuel oil and implements used in production of necessities, and to penalize profiteering by a $5,000 fine or two years' imprisonment. , Five hours of general debate pre ceded passage of the food measure the first legislative step in carrying out the recommendations of President Wilson in his recent address to con gress on the high cost of living.- Cotton growing is destined to be come an important industry in China in the opinion of the British consul at Nanking who, in a government re port, says cotton cultivation is being extended in northern Kiangpei, and experiments are being made in Hai chow, partly with American seeds. Investments are being made in cotton .in cotton spinning factories. One establishment at Pootung represents an investment of $1,000,000, and anoth er at Changchow $5,000,000. American forces which will re main in Germany after Septem ber 30 are the Eighth infan try, Seventh machine gun battalion; Second battalion of the Sixth field artillery, Thirty-fifth signal battalion, First supply train, First mobile ordan ance repair shop, Field Hospital No. 13, and Ambulance Company No. 26. The aggregate of these units will be nearly 7,000 officers and men. The infantry regiment comprises 3,000, the machine gun battalion 775, the artil lery 750 and the engineers 250. With the approval o:! President Wil son, Acting Secretary of the Navy Roosevelt sent to Secretary Glass for transmission to congress estimates for additional naval appropriations total ing $18,600,000 to "permit of experi tiously placing and maintaining in a proper state of repair all of the fight ing ships of the fleet." Meeting the committee in a round table discussion in th rest room of the white house, in contradiction to the precedents of more than a century and with the whole nation listening through the medium of a relay of pub lic stenographers, the president went into many of the details of the peace negotiations and touched on all the hotly debated questions which have divided the senate in its consideration of the peace treaty. The president revealed that Japan's promise to return Shantung province to China was reduced to written form in the minutes of the peace confer ences. He asserted he had every con fidence that the promise would be car ried out and told the senators it was "the best that could be got" out of the. negotiations, Japan having given notice she would withdraw from the conference if her demands were refused. - In Newark, N. J., an airplane landed on the roof of a building then made a flight from the roof. Edwin E. Bal lough, formerly of the Canadian avia tion service and now in the employ of a local dry goods firm as an aviator, carrying one passenger, circled the army quartermaster stores building from a height of 700 feet and landed on the roof, which is 987 feet long and 80 feet vide. The machine then was wheeled to one end of the roof; taxied a short distance and took the air. At Caldwell, N. J., Lieutenant I. S. Spooner, of Portland, Ore., a mem ber of the American expeditionary force rifle team, won the Individual pistol match on the navy range there. Although Andrew Carnegie, steel magnate and philanthropist, declared during his life-time that he expected to give away his huge fortune and "die a pauper," his estate to be dis posed ot in a will which will be filed for probate, was several times $5, 000,000. The first bale of 1919 cotton grown in Pike county, Ala., was sold to the local board of commerce in Troy, for $3.50 a pound, the bale bringing $1, 7S0. The cotton was grown by Jarnes Powell. Claim is made by the board of commerce that the price sets a world's record. Four Mexican bandits were killed by American troops in Mexica, Cap tain Leonard Matlack, who arrived by airplane, reported. They were sur rounded in an adobe blockhouse that the Mexicans had. constructed in a mountain pass. Thirteen passengers were injured in the derailment of Ncrfolk and Wes tern passenger train No. 2 near Boyce, Va., according to an official report received here. Five cars left the rtack, including two Pullmans en route from southern points to New York. Demonstration of the progress made in the cattle industries of the southern states and the opportunities afforded them in that section vill be made at the National Dairy show in Chicago, October 6-12, according to plans now being worked out co-operatively by the National Dairy association and the Southern Settleme.it and Develop ment Organization and its affiliated organization. An American airplane returned from a scouting trip into Mexico with two bullet holes through a wing ' of the machine. The aviator observer said he was fired on by three Mexicans. ' He returned the fire with a machine gun and believed he killed one.' The I cavalry is pursuing the bandits, he said. Spread out fan-shaped over a wide stretch of Mexican country south of the Rio Grande, United States' cavalry troops aided by airmen as scouts, are combing the mountains for the bandits who held the two American army a via t tors for $15,000 ransom. 4 It- -A iArv,or,tt cMninna toirin 0 had left New York for Europe several hours before. 2 Sale of surplus army toot m the New York custom house to employees. 3 Senator Thomas of Colorado who denounced as "nothing short of treason" the de mands of the railway brotherhoods. - NEWS REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS Relations With Mexico Strained When U. S. Troops Cross Bor der in Chase of Bandits. CARRANZA PROTEST FUTILE President Wilson Discusses Peace Treaty With Senate Foreign Rela tions Committee, Without Vis ible ResultProgress of the War on Profiteers and Hoarders. By EDWARD W. PICKARD. Relations with Mexico flared up again alarmingly last week and the amateur and unofficial prophets freely predicted that we would be at war with our southern neighbor within a short time. Once more American troops have crossed the border, with out asking permission of Carranza, for the purpose of capturing Mexicans who have "committed outrages against American jcitlzens and for whose ac tions the whiskered one says he can not be held responsible. The capture and holding for ransom of the twoarmy aviators who had lost their way was the act of a small band of bandits, butp the administration at Washington shows a growing inclina tion to step across the border and "clean things up" If the federal govern ment of Mexico cannot do the job. It appears that a stern warning was1 Is sued some time ago to Carranza, to which he replied at length, stating that his government would do and was do ing all in Its power to protect the lives and property of foreigners In Mexico. In this case of the captured aviators who were released on payment of part of the ransom federal troops were sent after the offenders. The Ameri can punitive expedition consisted of part of the Eighth cavalry, aided by some army flyers. They caught two bandits and killed four others who opened fire on them when surrounded. Under instructions from his govern ment, Ambassador Bonlllas entered;" protest against the "invasion" and de manded the Immediate withdrawal of the troops. The reply, drafted by Pres ident Wilson, was a flat refusal to comply with . the demand. The press of Mexico City was aroused to loud protest. One or two of the pa pers there, however, realize the seri ousness of the situation that has been created by the numerous outrages against foreigners and admit that un less Carranza radically changes his policies he will Invite disaster to him self and to Mexico. In the United States indignation is by no means confined to the border states or to those who have suffered, financially I or otherwise, at the hands of the Mexicans. The demand is gen eral that our government give to American citizens everywhere the full protection to which they are entitled, and there is a feeling that unless it does so our membership in the League of Nations would be farcical. Which brings us to the second great event of the week, the unprecedented meeting of the senate committee on foreign relations with President Wilson in the White House for the elucida tion of many points in connection with the peace treaty and league covenant In accordance with the desires of both parties, the . entire proceedings were given full publicity, but a study of them and of. the subse quent comments of the participants does not show that much was accom plished in the way of removing the ob stacles to ratification of the treaty. Mr. Wilson made a long preliminary statement to the senators and then an swered their many questions with all frankness. His position regarding interpretations and reservations might be summarized thus: If ordinary com mon sense is used in reading the treaty and covenant they are unnec essary; if they merely accompany the act of ratification there is no objec tion to them; but If they are made a part of the resolution of ratification, ion delays would result because all A e x -V.. I'X'W'CWV.HW.V'' LT2 7 If. r nn n hn t . of late forelm mail for delivery to the steamer Adriatic, which the other nations would have to be itsked to accept the language of the senate as the language of the treaty; It -would be especially humiliating to have to ask the assent of the German national assembly. Senator Fall called the president's attention to the fact that Germany is not to be an original - member of the league and consequently any amendments to the covenant proposed before her admis sion would not be submitted to her. Mr. Wilson admitted this was true and that the point had not occurred Xo him, but he insisted that Germany already has a relationship to the league and that it was the plan to admit her immediately. , As for article 10, the crux of the Iwhole fight. President Wilson inter preted it as follows: If the league calls on the United States to send troops abroad to preserve the terri torial integrity of another member ?sjfate from external aggression, the United States will be under an abso lutely compelling moral obligation, jtiough not a legal obligation, to com ',ply. But the league cannot call on Ihe United States for such aid unless the American member votes his ap proval in accord writh American pub lic sentiment. After It was all over, Senator Hitch pock said the president had clarified many involved questions in a wonder ful manner and that speedy ratifica tion would be the result. Senator Lodge said Mr. Wilson had not given them much real information and that ;the admissions he had made had vin dicated the criticisms leveled at the league covenant. Between these ex tremes , stand the "mild reservation ists." To capture their votes. Senator Pittman of'Nevada, took the reserva tions they advocate, called them "in terpretations or understandings," and put them into a resolution which he presented to the senate for its adop tion apart -from the resolution of rati fication. He asserted that he was act ing with the president's approval, whereupon Senator Hitchcock, admin istration leader, felt himself ignored and showed that Pittman's resolution was not much to his liking. The op ponents of the covenant were brutal ly outspoken in condemning the reso lution. In the course of the lively de bate Mr. Pittraan admitted that the League of Nations was "hardly more 5than a meeting place where the con census of the civilized world may be Obtained and Its moral force brought to bear." t , "If you'll write that into the league covenant there will be no difficulty about Its ratification," interrupted Senator Reed of Missouri (em.). , I Paris correspondents predict that the peace conference will adjourn within two or three weeks and that when it reassembles in November or December the United States will not be represented unless in the meantime the senate shall have ratified the treaty and decided that we shall ac: eept mandates. The work for the con ference after it reconvenes will be the partition of Turkey and the settle ment of the Thracian and Adriafic questions. If -the United States does not take part in these, both Italy and Greece expect to win their demands, for the Americans are now their only opponents. As to Thrace, the Amer ican delegation insists on the creation of a buffer state that will give Bul garia access to the sea. The Greeks hnd Turks, who make up the bulk of the population of Dedeagatch dis trict, involved in this plan, are bitter ly opposed to the continuation of any thing like Bulgarian rule there and ire reported to be preparing to resist it by arms. It is npt the Intention of the peace conference to leave any part of Thrace in the possession of Bul garia. . ' The council of five hopes that the Austrian treaty will be signed within a .week. It also is feeling optimistic about Hungary, where a new coalition cabinet has been formed, and thinks it may soon be able to recognize the government at Budapest and present the Hungarian treaty for signature :iThe week's news from Russia was somewhat more encouraging, for Ad miral Kolchak appeared to have Stopped his retreat and to have checked the pursuing bolshevists. rhe red forces were ousted from Odessa, and lost ground In some other regions. In the Gulf of Finland a British fleet encountered a number of 'sit '-"Pi mm. boishevist vessels and sank four of them, thereafter concentrating against Kronstadt. The fortress was bom barded and the city set on fire. The situation in Upper Silesia is confused and confusing. The Germans and the Poles are fighting each other in a desultory fashion there, and both are contending with the striking workers of the country who have be come so violent that the German au thorities proclaimed martial law. The new German constitution has just gone into effect, and a summary of it has been made public in Amer ica. It seems to be in most respects an admirable document, designed to establish and maintain a moderate and commendable form of republican government, more strongly centralized than our own. The powers of the president are very great. The equal ity of all men and women' before the law is asserted, and titles of nobility are abolished except "as a part of a person's name." It is noticeable, how ever, that Germany is still called an empire. It may be added, as a matter of interest, that the former kaiser has just bought a place of residence in Holland, and that current reports of his fast failing health are flatly con tradicted by a correspondent who sees William nearly every day. Uncle Sam's war against the prof iteers and hoarders went on steadily if not so swiftly as the victims of the H. C. of L. might have hoped. The ultimate consumer hailed with en thusiasm the assertion by Attorney General Palmer that the small retail ers as well as the big retailers and the wholesalers are going to feel the heavy hand of the department of jus tice. He appeared before the house committee on agriculture to discuss proposed amendments to the food con trol act, and argued against a pro vision that would exempt from prose cution as profiteers those retailers who do an annual business below $100,000. Many of the complaints of extortionate prices, he said, are against the small dealers and he add ed he would feel hopeless If he were restricted to the larger dealers. Mr. Palmer also asked the committee to withdraw the proposed provision giv ing the president authority to fix prices. This, he said, he considered unnecessary and calculated to provoke too much discussion. The only amend ments he favored were one extending the scope of the act to Include wear ing apparel and containers of foods, feeds and fertilizers, and one Impos ing a penalty of $5,000 or Imprison ment for two years for profiteering. The great quantities of foodstuffs which have been seized in various ; cities by the agents of the department of justice will not be placed on the market until proper court proceedings have been completed. Meanwhile the government is disposing of its vast surplus army stores practically at cost, and the way in which hundreds of thousands of people struggle for a chance to buy these commodities is sufficient evidence of their need. The actors' strike, after spreading to Chicago, became so stubborn a struggle there that the unions of mu sicans and stage hands were called on for help, with the result that near ly every theater was obliged to close. Efforts to end the strike amicably In New York were fruitless, and It was said there it might be extended to cov er the entire country and all hall shows, including the movies. Within a week there probably will be a conference between the officials of the steel workers' unions and rep resentatives of the United States Steel corporation. If it is refused by the latter, a committee headed by Samuel Gompers Is empowered to call a strike forthwith. The corporation maintains the open shop, and the unions wish to present to It a rather portentous list of 12 basic demands. Cudahy, Wis., and Hammond, Ind were the scenes of strike riots and state troops were hurried to both places to restore order, which they did. 1 The farmers have won their fight against daylight saving, for' although the rest o the population Is unani' mous in Its favor, the bill for repeal of the law was passed by both house and senate ovejr the veto of President Wilson. 'IDENT WILSOM a & i . N A,LR0AD MATTER AN APPEAL TO THE IE "Duty of Every citizen Upon a Truce Until . Insit " an Intel Settlement Can b 'Sent Made. Washington. p03 settlement of waee 6,,, of . "'uuus until -vUuUUUl, v:uufjitions 3r was announced bv Prn est0red as.the policy which tha' Wils t ais uc will pursue in dP.aiw Zu,mn tions. particular. tw SUc!l Me road workers. rail. a ",uac lectin that " "0 ucuur wise nor tc this tim whPt, t, ,ieas!We at Question hern tv. 'ant turn to a nnrmii nr,- , d rfi- . x . 1 1V C ievei. to nt .-woc ueigat rates to vide funds for higher wa "We ought t. postpone questions ,f this mrt until U w....- uus W w?.urtve me opportM. tul Lei wiu calculations as to th relations betwe nf M-,ri-r, rr V, T i . C LUSt Ui """s, tue r-iesiuent declared ia Bwicmciii lu me public explain? mg- ms ueejsion as to wages, "it jg th duty of every citizen to insist ! .... yuu J truce m such protests until intelligent settlements can De made by peace effective common counsel t appea to my fellow citizens of even- piuymeut to cooperate m insisting- upon ana maintaining such a trnre" Mr. Hines' recommendation to th President as to the amount of i crease to be given went exhauntiro into' the reasons advanced by th shopmen as to the necessity for more pay. He showed that the avpr? (incre,asfi m snnnmen s em-ninae ... O" . c n4j in excess of the total increase in the cost of living from July 1, 1915. anil August 1, 1919, due to the fact that standardization adopted at the reaiwi of the employes had given thousand! a higher classification and higher pay than they previously enjoyed. SERIOUS EFFECTS ARE SEEN OF BICKERING IN COUNCIL Paris. The endless bickerings ia the supreme council is having a se rious effect. The revival of many questions in which the United State is not directly interested is makin? the American delegation extremely impatient. The Americans ate con stantly called upon to act as arbiters in Balkan and other questions with the result that sections of the Euro pean press, especially the French press are assailing the American po sition on questions in which the Amer icans acted wholly without self con sideration. Herbert Hoover's denunciation of the council's hesitancy in straighen ing out the Hungarian tangle and pro tecting the rights of all the ententa nations in the matter of Hungarian re parations is reflected in the attitude of the entire American delegation. SERIOUS STRIKE SITUATION IN THE CITY OF CHARLOTTE. Charlotte, N. C Troops' are oa their way to Charlotte to take codw of the situation until tne tiviiihlae ora nvor MaVOf FraHK & MoNinrh is summoning citizens arrive; a 11 wounaea tnree men are ucau as tne result ui & i i- rA nn one sae au . a squad of policemen and a large of th9 ber of guards at the car barns o- - .nonr 03 Southern Public Utilities cum South Boulevard, on the other. - wirr u STEAMER STRI r to .inA. GOES ASHORE AT BERMUDA 17 wr9i 0 Halifax, N. S.-ine has gone ashore at Bermuda. ing to messages received- steamer struck a rock, sae from .here with nearly VJ gers for Barbadoes and Dememert TEN TRUNKS OF A R M fl) New York.-Ten trunks were iM ing arms and ammuniu ped from this city to Men steamship Morro Lasu " Cr3i for Havana, Progresso ana , The trunks were shlPpe artfflent Broadway hotel. The depan Justice and navy departme been notified and it is t to inters ooats win oe scui, steamship. DEPARTMENTS DISAGREE $ AS TO MOTOR &w Washington. - Senator has been trying to secure transfer to the Norm - authorities of its share of nment which c , reaedoid he states. The war e 0 . the position that the aatbo & tribute tnese y--- sec;,f even if inadverten tiy. m J the sundry clril bill pa' PRES PEOP