EFORE long, qpngress willing. It lL. -
l) and officers of regulars, reserves Iff Mk WWS0m I
and National Guards to receive " It AWW '
L vocational training of a high de- tePM -
,4(r tary trainInS whi is essential Lt- r WiCSSfefc
1 for the soldiers. '
6 A ' 1Iereaf ter. again congress will- 2 'IS PMO
L flAi? ing, the young men who enlist X : ----rr222
r
..amp
IrPEdvMROai
EFORE long, congress willing. It
will be possible for enlisted men
and officers of regulars, reserves
and National Guards to receive
vocational training of a high de
gree in connection with the mili
tary training which is essential
for the soldiers.
"Hereafter, again congress wilK
ing, the young men who enlist
in the regular army of the Unit-
Q tJialcS W1I ICVCMC IIIOIIUUUU HUIV.11 11 111 CK
double sense fit them for their country's service.
If the call ever should come again for soldiers to
take the field the youths who have been given this
training will be ready to answer. When their
terms of enlistment are up they will befitted for
Hhat particular Vocation in 'civllllfe upon which
choice has fallen. The entrance, into the working
life of the country of these young men who have
finished their vocational training, it Is promised,
will benefit the country in the times of peace, as
their military training will Denent it in tne pos
sible time of war. ; , ,
At Camp Humphreys, Va., there is now under
development-"a project known as the "New En
gineer School and Post and College of Military
Research." Admittedly this is a cumbersome title,
and one which would benefit by elision in behalf
of brevity. This school Is wonderfully planned.
This is none too high praise. It is the heart son
of officers of the army, regulars and National
Guardsmen, who have studied the situation, pres
ent and future, from every possible viewpoint of
the service and who have agreed upon plans for
this school of the future. In fact, this institution at .
Camp Humphreys is a school of the present, for
there for a long time young men have been under
going vocational and military training.'
It is the intention to make the school a perma
nent one in order that every officer and enlisted
man may become skilled In those, vocations which
have m them the possibility of double servlce-;-army
service and civilian "service.
One of the faults which men have found with
the regular army service of the United States In
time of pea"e has been that It has fitted officers
and men only for the life military. There have
been parents who have thought, not entirely
rightly however, that an enlistment in the regular
army of the United States in time of peace was
tantamount to time wasted so far as preparation
was concerned for usefulness In civil life. If the
army students of today are, allowed to have their
way the day soon will come when the boys of the
country can seek the army with a certainty of
securing a training which will enable them at the
time of the expiration of their enlistments to
enter the civilian held certain that they have In
them the foundation knowledge of success .
The school at Camp Humphreys wiH be an en
gineer school, but it will supply courses to which
men of other branches of the -service can be sent
to get that training which is not supplied by the
schools of their own branches and which help to
fit them not nnlv fnr th sirmv hnt for1 rivillan
employment. It is the intention of the government
to establish other schools than that at Camp Hum
phreys, hut that institution probably will be much
larger than any of the others, and in a sense be
fill OniV.r.iV.tni
The site of the school has all the attractions
that nature can give it. It lies not far from the
city of Washington. it has the necessary road, '
rail and water connections, for the Potomac
-.washes its shores, and, moreover, It has today on
the ground serviceable material for Instruction
"Purposes in all vocational branches which cannot
Reduplicated i any other" place in the world:
Camp Humphreys will be the engineer school
.of the army. Recently the school at what was
ordinarily known as Washington barracks in the
of Washington was abandoned. So It virtually
certain that the corps of engineers, for it must,
have a school, will' continue its educational work
at Can it Humphreys at Belvoir-on-the-Potomac.
Credit goes where credit1 is due. Col. Richard
IV, .1. . .
corps of engineers of the regular army,
agisted by Lieut. Col. W. H. Lanagan, lias had
cl'arge of the preparation of the general "plan and '
.detailed -tirnafes for the establishment of this
School. Maj. ii. e. Kebbon of the corps of engl
Jeers has h. i n chief of the architectural features. -.japts.
Mark Daniels and J. A. McLean and Lieut.
W. I'.astoi, have supervised, and in fact have
or the landscape work and the modeling. ' So
W as the planning is concerned the work Is done,
nl to some extent the execution of the plan al-
4Cuuy is under
"umphr,.
Belt
way. - :: - -- .
the layout of the present Camp
ys a large portion of the south end of the
jj " una icacucu iui a ujuuv...
rvai nnn
gttieers
feidjol by direction of the chief of en-
Whoso miriYl 1
m lUUg 11U.VI CA w
thernanHIlt 'staMishment here of an' institution of
hearth ('f ririneers- Tne secretary of war was t
press i U1 fuvor of such a" school and was so im
t, ui,h the natural advantages of the local!-,
elude 0irected the chIef of engineers to ln
W 'n his P'yns a group of buildings for a col
feLe r military research. '
ielsTr:mt Co,onel Lanagan and Captain Dan
8chiol v txiih,ine(1 t( me the functions of the
comni't sllowe(1 me the beautiful model of the
Inaetri 5nstitution. who explained everything
of the ' and, v,ho finally took me intfi every part 1
10 be tJaui-ful- government1 reservation which Is
the con? SCho1 site Pa'd the' highest tribute to
other offi ive Senlus of Col. Richard Park and
nratiCePS assooIateJ with him In the labor of
lon ani execution. A for Colonel Lana
gan and Captain Daniels, it ought to be said that
these two officers have given of their best and are
still remaining In the service, despite the calls of
their business in civil life, to forward the project
which has-as its essential element military plus a
nigh grade of civilian vocational education for the
youth of America who may become officers or en
listed men of the United States army.
Last June I vas at West Point, where I wit
nessed the presentation of diplomas to 250 young
second lieutenants of the army who after a two
years course at the academy had been sent to
Camp. Humphreys for vocational training. They"
returned to West Point for the purpose of receiv
ing their diplomas. So It will be seen that this -school
at 3elvolr-on-the-Potomac has. been In
operation for some time.
Even in Its preparatory stages this jschool not
only has instructed young officers of the army.'but
hundreds of enlisted men. They work in machine
shops, in lumber camps, for the peninsula is heav
ily wooded ; In carpentry, In printing, in map mak
ing, In blacfcsmithing, in railway construction and
railway operation, in electricity, and in fact in
all branches of Industry which are serviceable in
civil life as In the army. The completion of the
school as outlined will give to an officer, regular,
reserve or National Guard, and to the enlisted man.
that rounded-out vocational education which It
will be difficult to' get elsewhere. '
Here is every necessary manufactured product
of the war time. Everything that engineering in
genuity has produced is here, one might say, as a
kind of educational sample. Camp Humphreys Is
a storehouse of the material necessary, for instruc
tion along nearly every line of military and
civilian effort.
Appropriations are needed to carry the work at
Camp Humphreys to conclusion. Congress has
been asked for money and the probability is that
It will be forthcoming. No one knows today
whether the United States Is to have any form of
universal'military training, or not, but if the de
cision shall be In its favor young men who from
year to year enter their country's service for field
training will be given an opportunity to benefit by
a training at this Potomac school.
The students who thus far have been under in
struction at Camp Humphreys, officers and enlist
ed men alike, have started at the beginning of
things. The West Ppint classes went into the
machine and carpenter shops, laid tracks, did section-hand,
work and all the other things necessary
to give them a practical knowledge of the. things
useful to them in their soldier profession or later
In any profession or trade or business which they
might enter on return to civil life. It has been
a school of hard work, of" regular living, with a
sufficlept amount v of reereation, and with things
so well balanced generally as to promote the
normal working and "recreating" lives of men.
There are broad-guage and narrow-gauge rail
roads in operation at Camp Humphreys. There
are many army trucks, armored trains, signal,
"searchlight, and flash range apparatus; forestry
study, lumbering, bridge laying, and all other fa
cilities for training on a broad scale.
The very character of the terrain and the ample
timber supply at Camp Humphreys will allow the
development of field fortifications on a large scale
and under varied conditions. Roads already avail
able, from footpaths to modern great highways,
furnish the fields for the practical study of com
munication which forms such an important part
of the duties of engineering troops in te field.
Five miles of standard-gauge railroad and 20
miles of narrow-gauge or combat railroads, to
gether with warehouses and depots cover in all
their operations fhe functions of the service of
Adequate areas for target practice and for the
use of gas are already developed. The water
sut)Dly is plentiful and of excellent quality. The
climate is healthful, and mild enough to make field
work practicable during the entire year. An area
tin miles sqnare Is large enough for maneuvering
large bodies of troops and is sufficiently varied In
character to cover the wide range or fleld cond -tlons'
Including fiat, open country, roiling ground,
wooded areas, valleys and ravines.
mp Humphreys will be an engineer school, a
i prni which is used to embrace all the phases of
engTnJering. training. There wlU.be an institution
?or post graduates of the military, academy and
'r .Htntions to prepare them for the work
the corps of engineers. The course will require
of the corps f w rrinnv Kllb1ects which can
tan vears ana wm r- - -
part jofj rthe interest In this proposed institution
centers on what it can do for enlisted men as well
as for, officers.
The engineer trade school which Is to be estab
lished r will embrace all these branches: Black
smith: carpentry, drafting, surveying, electricity,
gas engines, automobiles, lithography, steam , en
gines, .masonry, photography, plumbing, rigging,
stenography, oxy-acetylene welding,- machine shop
work,, railroad operation and camouflage.
A complete "model has been made of the pro
; posed school and outlying accessories. For the
College of Military Research there-will be one ad
ministration building ; four large central buildings,
respectively, for records, statistics and mechanical
and electrical teboratories; four smaller buildings,
one for chemistry, one for physics, and two for
lecture rooms ; one library building, and a village
of;250 separate houses for officers, churches, club,
garage,, playgrounds, and all necessary utilities.
In addition to these buildings and . properly
grouped there areata be one academic building,
and two recitation I buiMings, an auditorium, a
museum, a library, laboratory and other struc
tures. - Buildings corresponding in size and in
equipment and grouped so as to insure uniformity
coupled with beauty will be necessary for the
school directly connected with the vocational
training of the enlisted men and the officers.'
Jt has. been evident for some time that the at
tention of the military authorities Is to be given
in the future to the vocational training of young
men; to be carried on side by side with their mili
tary instruction. The school at Camp Humphreys,
"as has been said, is not the only school which it
is intended to establish, but it probably will be In
a sense the parent school and the one which will
furnish the facilities for certain training which
cannot be secured at schools of the other branches
of the service.
Men who already have attended the school at
Camp Humphreys have spread its fame as an
. educational Institution"" " In the words of Col.
Richard Park of the corps of engineers, who has
ihad this project at heart, and who worked daily
and nightly to perfect it in every detail :
"It will be the function of the trdde schools not
only to develop the skilled personnel needed for
miltiary work, but also to Insure every soldier a
thorough training in some trade which will be a
benefit to him after leaving the service. This will
attract a much better school of recruits under the
volunteer system of training and will be an im
portant factor in the maintenance of morale under
a system of universal military training;"
' No one knows how large a force it will be neces
sary for the United States to maintain for pur
poses of defense and preparedness, but whether
the force be large or small the evident intention of
the government authorities is to see to it that men
who enter the service shall have an opportunity to
educate themselves along lines other than those
which are purely military.
(Copyright. 1919, Western Newspaper Union)
BONAR LAW AN IRON MERCHANT.
- Mr. Bonar Law, despite his name, Is not In the
long list'of men who were in the legal profession
before taking up politics. He was a Glasgow iron
merchant, a keen business man, and he estab
lished his . reputation at Westminster in a single
speech.
One of his most remarkable faculties is his grft
for memorizing. This applies particularly to fig
ures, and he has confounded many an opponent
by correcting him, from memory, on some vital
point of statistics. He can store more figures up
In his brain than the average man could write In
a notebook. . -
But perhaps his most valuable quality is that
of "sticking it." He has stuck to his job more
than once while suffering from personal sorrows
which would have bowled over less resolute men.
Answers, London. .
LABOR SITUATION
IS LESS SEVERE
4- --, f
1YV J na, these heads: Military, military
eneTni cTvU engineering, electrical and me-
wSfet -hool for the completion
fning of cadets whove not completed the
? nTouSf at the military academy; a schoo for
fuI, c0U!ri National Guard officers; a school for
rese.ndence school for reserve
line officers , a corr J covering the1 dyties
and Tofflcew of tt various branches of the
SS?SlM Naturally aarge
. "f HE YOUTHRUL MALADY.
-".'. . , t.
"Pax Is a Latin "word meaning peace, re
marked the erudite visitor, as he gazed about to
see If anybody was properly" Impressed; with his
knowledge. ' . v :." - ' - ' . ; ; - '
"If that's the case," the facetious feller sug-..
gested, trying to make, his voice heard above the
sound of a piano player, a talking machine, four
drums,, two horns and a squeaky floor board, "I
arise to say that there Is likely to be small pax
In this family for some time." ,
PORTABLE HOGHOUSE
HAS ITS ADVANTAGES
Improvement Is Reported by
Bureau of Crop Estimates
After Investigation.
: : "
. - : -.ft . - -- x
iVAGE RATE NOT CONSIDERED
: . .
Actual Supply of 1919 Was 83 ' Per
Cent Against 72Per Cent Onel
.Year Ago Less Favorable on
the Atlantic Coast.
Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Improvement in the farm labor situ
ation this year over 1918 is reported
by the bureau of . crop . estimates,
United States department of agricul
ture, after investigation in all agricul
tural counties of the United States. By
improvement is meant net increase of
supply and consequently more labor
forplanting, cultivating and harvest
ing ln relation to the .work to be done.
Wage rates were not included in the
Investigation. -V
Improvement In 1919.
Stated in percentage of a normal la
bor supply as related! to a normal de
mand for labor; the actual supply of
1918 was 72 per cent and of 1919 It is
B3 per cent still inadequate without
greater than normal dependence on
machinery and animal, - tractor and
motor power, and without more than
usual labor by farmers and their fami
lies. However, the Improvement over
1918 Is considerable.
In both years the groups of states
that were and are provided with labor
In relation Of supply to demand, less
than, or at the most equal to, the aver
age for the United States, are the
North Atlantic, the South Atlantic and
the South CentraL
, Among these three groups, of states,
the greatest improvement is in the
North Atlantic and the least Is in the
South Atlantic, and these extremes of
high and low improvement are not
equaled by . the North. Central and
Western states, in each of -which the
average Improvement is almost the
same au that of the entire country.
The improvement Is evenly distributed
throughout all state groups, except the
North Atlantic states, where the gain
is twice as great as in each bf the
other groups of states. .
. Situation Is Worse.
Apart from tendency toward relief
from labor scarcity from 1918 to 1919,
the situation this year is less favorable
on the Atlantic coast, from New Eng
land to the South Atlantic states as a
group, than in the states west of the
Appalachian mountains as groups, and
In this long strlfi of coast the situation
is worse in the South Atlantic group
of states.
By Aid of One Horse : It Can.Be
" Moved Around Farm. '
FRESH DISCOVERIES.
"But why, . asked the horse-faced party,, "do
you persist In believing the worst about the Ger
mans?" . " .. :" .
: "1 don't" responded J. Fuller Gloom." "Jus
when I think I am believing the worst I learr
something still worse about tem." Kansas Qt
Star. - ' - . " " . v
Farmer May Construct A-Shaped Peat '
for Pigi In His Own Back Yard )
Ground Underneath Is Kept In
f Fertile Condition.
A portable nogntrose, fashioned JOe
a tent for summerxrampin, and trana--v
ported from place to place by"mean-C
of a chain and single-tree,. is the latest "
oddity lnt hoghouse constructions It
quaintness," however, does: not argro
against its practicability. The farm
er may construct this A-shaped home
for piggy In his own back yard witfc
the , proper specifications and materi- '
al. : ":. .-.:-v-; . :
It should be built, of l-by-12ich ;
plank. "The opening should face south, r
The floor is 8 feet wide and C feet
from front to back, nailed to three
runners or skids. The skids may be
built of lumber or poles 6 inches In di
ameter and flattened on one side. te
which the floor is nailed. "A hole bored
through the front end of the outer
skids will give access to the chain and
single-tree, to which a horse or tam
Is hitched. 1 -
, A piece of 2-by-44nch material sbj?- .
ports the outer edges of the top of he
floor to prevent the house froth spread-
Ing at the bottom. r ;
The sides of the house are built of
six pieces of l-by-12-Inch plank 8 feet .
long, nailed to a piece of 2-by-4 rjinjs .
flat 9 inches from the top of the plank,
another 8 feet from the top, and m. -
ESSENTIAL FOR LIVE STOCK
Fences Should Be Made Tight Have
Permanent" Pastures and -Keep .
Only Purebred Sires.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Where live stock Is a factor on the
farm, make every field hog-tight and
sheep-tight ; have thoroughly good per
manent pastures ; grow leguminous
crops ; build a silo, and keep only pure
bred males. These five things are ab
solutely essential ln .the economical
production of live stock. ' Of course
this program calls for some labor and
expense, but the permanent condition
of prosperity In the sections devoted
to live-stock production is proof of the
good profit derived therefrom.
STRAW IS QUITE VALUABLE
Can Be Used as Roughage in Winter
ing StockUse It Liberally
-: v for Bedding.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
. ment of Agriculture.)
Straw Is too valuable to be allowed
to remain unused. Fresh - oat straw,
as well as wheat strrfw, can be used as
a roughage in wintering stock. It is
also advisable to ose it liberally as
bedding for farm animals as It adds to
their comfort and absorbs the liquid
part of the manure which Is the most
valuable portion.
ASHES GOOD AS FERTILIZER
On Account of Scarcity of Coal Con-
sfderable Amount .of Wood Must
- - Be Used This Winter.
(Preprred by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.) ' "
On accounjt of the scarcity of coal
there will probably be a large, amount
of wood used as fuel this winter. Use
all the waste timber, - deadand dying
trees for this purpose and be sure to
conserve the ashes for garden fertiliz
er. They are rich In plant food, par
ticularly potash. ' V - .
Average Farm Tool Is Only About
Half Worn Out by Use Alone
Keep Machinery Busy.
(Prepared by the United" States Depart
T - ment of Agriculture.)
The average farm implement fs only
about half worn out by use alone. The
rest of the war Is due to" rust and de
say. Make tne greatest possible profit
rat of machinery by using It contlnn-
lasly.' for profitable work tmtU it Is
icrn odL . ' t r.. i
Hitch Horse to this Pig Pen and It
' Be Conveniently Hauled Anywheres
piece 2-by-8 nailed edgewise 11 mches
from the bottom. A right-angle block
of 2-by-8 Inch will serve as a brace at
each end of . the under ; side of . the '
house.
The long piece of 2-by-8 will serro ,
as a "safety-first" measure for piggies -whose
careless mothe? would, just cb
soon flop down on her brood as In .
puddle of mud.
The materials required are 12 piece
of l-by-12-inch by 16 feet for the side
Back and floor of house; 9. pieces, of -16-foot
batten; 3 pieces 2-by-4-inch by
12 feet for the framework ; 2 pieces -2-by-8-inch
by 12. feet for the rail or ;
guard; 1 piece l-by-6 inch by 16-feet,
f oi the saddle-boards ; . r 3 poles ,. for
skids; nails. The cost will probably ;
be about $12. . 1
The adVanta'ges of a portable ho
house are apparent. - The house ca&
easily be moved from spot to spot, per
mitting the ground underneath to keep
in a fertile condition. The pigs enjoy'
being moved about and reciprocate by
taking on flesh. S. R. Winters, In Pop
ular Science Monthly. -
COVER CROPS SOIL BUILDERS
Three South Carolina Farmers Co-op
erating With County Agent .
One Good Rotation.
To build up thin soiFTs a proWea
which demands the attention of tfi
county igent In Lexington coixnrj
South Carolina. Three farmers la one
community are co-operating with Lisa
by growing cover crops, and are con
ducting demonstrations extending over .
several years. One of these men. wh
has been working on. the subject &r
five years, has followed this rotatJoa
on one piece of land: N
Corn and velvet beans ot corrpeav;
followed by small grain, followed by .
cowpeas after grain has been harresfe-,
ed, then crimson clover, or hairy vetch .
and rye, followed by cotton or gram. -
This rotation has. been kept up vaiS.
the land, which was very thin, Is now
producing one and one-half bales c
cotton an acre. -" -
PLOW WHEAT STUBBLE DEEP
Weed Seeds Are . Buried and Most cf
Them DestroyedFlies Cannot
Crawl to Surface.
... ' (-
As soon after harvest as possible a!J
wheat stubble should be plowed deepv
This buries the weed seeds which are
in the stubble and most of them an
destroyed. The small, delicate files
cannot, crawl to the surface when they
are ' buried under more than fire or
six Inches of compact and pulverized
soil. The plow "should therefore b
followed with a harrow, drag or disk;
says the University of Missouri Col
lege of Agriculture.
MAKE MOST OF IMPLEMENTS DAIRYMAN HOr SOIL ROBBER
He Not Only Studies How to Feed IS
Cows, But Also How to Uato
r -tain Fertility.: 'rv. "
(Prepared by the United States Oepszt
i , ; ment of Agriculture.) .;
. The dairy farmer not only stadXes
how to. feed his cow, but how. to feed
bis land. ; He Is not a IsoU robber, as
he realizes that- the .farmer who re
duces the fertility of . his land. rc$a
without reason, since ta steals -Crcra
himself. .-. , . v.
i
1
3
- i
i