POLK COUNlmWS; TEYOII, ITORTH CAEOLDIA
u- nv rs-r nr s . i
AN0 CREAM CONTESTS
SUE
I e and Dealers Enter Novel
frwM to improve wuauiy
to City Consumers.
TT.Ito C4nA A.
I , up tnc Uiiivou uiavco JWCOl l-
ijprepart" f.f Agriculture.) .
jr rivalry among milk produc
ed dealers is an important fea
ff D the improvement of the milk
r ,!L of cities, says Department
53 "MUk and Cream Con
r The two kinds of contests
ifS0ne in hich the dairymen pre
j their own samples of milk or
lm especially for the contest and
Cote In 'hich samples are collect
Con the street without previous
dictation to the producers are dis
ced in detail. The discussion ir
Gp the method of preparing milk
G cream for entry in contests the
tjjod of scoring ou larus prepared
thp dairy division 01 ine Dureau or.
,al industry, snipping, ana nan-
'''neat ucs'-iuu'wiv'' vH,r
C-l .nnductine contests, methods
Jill a"1 ...
1
Wring Milk With a- Glass Tube
Onto a Sterile Plate, Preparatory to
Miking a Bacteria Examination in
I Milk and Cream ContestThis
Step Is Called "Plating." .
tfmalyzin? and testing, and public-
j methods in connection with milk
tests
Copies of the circular may be had
fee by interested persons on appli-
tion to the division of publications,
iepartment of agriculture. ,
RAFFLE OF PUREBRED CALVES
Novel Idea Introduced in Wisconsi;
r
County to Promote 'the Cause
of Better Sires.
Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
A novel form of raffle has been em
ployed in Lincoln county, Wisconsin,
ly the members of a newly organ-
U.J TT-l I ..-a mam a
ian noisiein cattle association to
pmote the cause of better sires.
the profit the association derived
im the sale of 32 head -of cattle
jch it brought in from the southern
jJWof the state, and from the sale of
jKtral other animals secured locally,
4e association bought eight purebred
calves. The method by which
ijse calves .were distributed resem
4 a raffle. However, no fee was ex
j& of "chance" takers, but instead
j'we required to join the associa
iIn every instance the bull went
r en who had not had'' purebred'
previously orwho had '..manifest-,
silttle interest in the purebred stbek
ement. ..;
pOMY IN FUEL FOR DAIRY
L
rPetialists Advise That All Waste)
5am Be Utilized During the
Current Winter.
ent of Agriculture.) .
factory onerations of the dairy.
astry require the use of. heat, al
m they demand little power. As
JQst steam contains about 90 per
t Us original heat, it can t be
and crenm IrT sfprlHrlnff
J equipment in the average com
pliant, according to specialists.
i . e that a11 dalry factory men
this waste steam during the
"Sit tHr, , - . .
,. - -luier, wnen tuei may oe
ranrt v,?u : 0.1
1. iu pnee. inionuauuu
.""to use steam effectively will
Shed frpp nf rliarro whPTl re-
male to the United States de-
ent-0f agriculture, Washington,
itTER for
COWS IN WINTER
ned Drinking Water Must
Be Warmed.
y ' frequently refuse to drink the
Him an icy trough- A cow must
self' indeed. before she will fill
with freezing water. It is
JltJJ in view of the f act that
. tains about 87 ner cent water.
L the drinking water for dairy
be
possible production is
W aintained. Unless the cow
tmii,. ouulcient quantity of water
Hni production will diminish, and
. "1 Tint . . .. .
u. i,ruunK enough unless it is
e shelter from cold ralnf
tta'wlnds is another cotnfon
' i ::. VV 'W
HOLIDAY CANDIES.
A varied diet win
Who could imagine the holidays
without candy? Candies made at home
are doubly delicious nnn
usually more wholesome.
One may have an elab-
f I! crat equipment or one
II II which is very simple A
II JLi few
(5,ff thermometer, a few bowls
. waams iiiuu a tew
.aluminum saucepans, a
pair of scissors and a
candy hook - to nnii
I ' .'-"" rtoilorl 1 on rm
bon-bon cases ; these may be saved
trona time to time, saving the buying.
J-he candy thermometer Is of the
greatest convenience; it is made of
wood and copper or brass and regis
ters 320 degrees. : iy. . ...
When boiling sugar - the - steam of
kettles and pans should be avoided. A
clear bright day Is best When sirup
Is cooked, to a .high degree of heat it
Is apt to sugar. Cream of tartar and
glucose or a few -grains of citric acid
added to the mixture will keep it from
graining. :'a tablespoonful of glucose,
a quarter of a teaspoonful of cream of
tartar will be enough for a pound of
sugar.
The making of fondant is the most
Important step In candy making. It Is
used in many ways, both as a covering
and also as filling.
It s far wiser if one has no ther
mometer to make the fondant in small
quantities. To four cupfuls of sugar
add half a cupful of water and a table
spoonful (heaping) of corn sirup or
glucose, or a bit of cream of tartar.
Let it boil, washing down the, sides
with a swab to keep the grains from
forming, until when a drop is added
to cold water it makes a ball which
can just be handled. Pour it carefully,
not scraping the dish. Into a buttered
platter and let It cool until it can be
handled. Stir with a wooden spoon
from the edges to the center until it Is
all creamy and smooth. Then pack in
a bowl, cover with a buttered paper
and set away for a day or two. It Is
now ready for any of the flavors, col
ors or kinds one wishes to make of It.
The softer the fondant the more de
licious It is for the filling of chocolate
creams. Chill the fondant 'and mold
m balls; chill again and dip quickly
in melted chocolate.
SEASONABLE GOOD THINGS.!
The national song of China is that
' sung by its teakettles, and our poets
liken it to the echoes of a cataract
muffled by clouds, a distant sea break
. ing upon the rocks, a rainstorm sweep-
ing a bamboo forest, or the soughing
of the pines on a distant hill. Dr. Wu
Ting Fang.
A little care and thought in the ar
rangement of food will make of a very
common dish
something worth
while.
With sugar
keeping up in
price It will be
hoove almost any
householder to
mm I ACCU C LSV;- "
hive in an attic will prove a most
valuable, addition to the family larder.
And when one may take sixty pounds
from a hive It seems quite worth while
to learn how to care for a hive of
bees. 1 '
Honey Custard. Beat two eggs,
add half a teaspoonful of salt and one
third of a cupful of strained honey,
two cupfuls of milk and mix thorough
ly. Turn into four custard cups and
set in a dish on folded paper with
cups , surrounded with boiling water.
Let bake in a ; moderate oven until
firm in the center. .
Apricot Omelet.4-Press canned or
stewed apricots through a sieve to fill
two tablesDOonfuls of
butter! In it cook two tablespoonfuls
1 t A
of flour and one-iourtn teaspoonzui
of salt. Add the cupful of apricot
puree and stir well. Add gradually
to the yolks of five eggs , beaten very
light, then fold in the stiffly beaten
whites. Melt one tablespoonful of but-
ter in a smootn omeiet yau, wiuiug
the pan to have the sides well greased.
Pour in the apricot mixture and cook
on the top of the stove for two min
utes, then set In the oven. Cook un
til done to the center. Score at right
angles and fold at the scoring. Turn
on a hot platter. This will serve
- Potato and Mackerel Salad. Flake
cooked salt mackerel, using half as
much fish as potato cubes. Mix a pint
of potato with half a grated onion and
the flaked fish (one cupful), a table
spoonful of finely minced parsley, one
dill pickle chopped fine, one cupful of
mayonnaise and half a cupful of
whipped cream with a teaspoonfu I of
horseradish. Garnish with sliced
canned tomatoes.
" Shirred Eggs Creole Style, For
thrle eegs cu? half a green pepper
ahaUa onion in shreds. Cook n
a tablespoonful of butter until soft
a three-fourths of a cupful of
Wed sprained tomato, and salt to
fson Turn Into egg dishes and in o
JhTtomato break a fresh egg.. Set in
Se oto to cook until the- egg Is set
Serve at once.
BENEFITS OF SURFACE IRRIGATION WHICH
DO NOT INVOLVE HEAVY OUTLAY OF MONEY
( -fisSisf!:a lsssas!4? r
Furrow Irrigation, a Method of Artificially Applying Water to the Land That
Could Profitably Be More Generally Adopted in Eastern Regions. .-
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Probably there never was greater in
terest in various forms of irrigation
than at present. Thrt'e methods are
popular in sections cf the Eastern
states where conditions justify the ar
tificial application of water to crops.
They are spraying, subirrigation and;
surface irrigation. But the forehand
ed farmer who is making plans for his
spring work hesitates , to undertake
new spray irrigation or subirrigation
projects because he is well aware of
the expense with prices at their pres
ent level. It is timely, therefore, to
suggest the benefits of surface irriga
tion which do not involve so heavy
an outlay of money.
Two Methods Employed.
Two methods, furrow irrigation and
flodding, are employed. Both are ex
tensively used in arid sections of the
country, and their adaptation to east
ern conditions is not difficult. As its
name implies, furrow irrigation Is
merely the running of water down fur
rows between rows of plants, while Ir
rigation by flooding is the spreading of
water over fields, usually those in
small grains, alfalfa or grasses. Com
mon field crops are not often irrigated
In the East, yet in occasional instances
cotton, corn and potatoes have been
treated in this way With profit ; like
wise fruit trees are benefited by irriga
DAIRY INDUSTRY IN
STOUT COMPETITION
Specialist Outlines European
Needs for Products.
Work of Bureau of Markets in Gather
ing and Distributing Accurate In
formation Standardization of
Methods Urged.
tPrepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
"European needs for dairy products
may . be largely supplied from pre-war
sources within two years' time, and the
American dairy industry may again
feel foreign competition on home mar
kets. This is the conclusion of Ray
C. Potts, specialist In marketing dairy
products, bureau of markets, speaking
before a recent meeting of food offi
cials in New York city. v
In explaining the work of the bureau
of markets in gathering and distribut
ing accurate market information on
dairy products, Mr. Potts pointed out
the stabilizing effect of such informa
tion on prices and stated that fluctuat
ing prices at wholesale make for wider
margins between producer and con
sumer, while stabilization permits
greater economy in distribution.
Recent monthly reports on milk
prices In 200 cities have called atten
tion to the wide difference In distribu
tion costs prevailing in different sec
tions of the country. While economies
in distribution are possible In some
communities ' the speaker pointed out
that a saving of 10 per cent In the
cost of distribution would make only
a very slight saving to the individual
consumer. A much greater loss to the
public, he said, lies in paying top mar
ket prices for inferior qualities of
dairy products. He advocated stand
ardization of methods of production
and distribution with special atten
tion to rnoio uniform quality of prod
uct as one of the great needs of the
dairy industry.
USING PARCEL POST SERVICE
Possibilities Offered Well Worth In
vestigating by Persons Having
Products to Sell.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
The parcel post service offers pos
sibilities well worth Investigation by
persons who have small surpluses of
various farm products. The wide
spread knowledge of the need for con
serving the food supply and the ap
parent willingness of the American
people to co-operate to this end should
become peculiarly useful in disposing
of small quantities of specialties a or
products of vnusual quality.
tion in many sections. ; An " example
of this is the citrus groves of Florida.
Combination Systems.
Many farms are adapted to a combi
nation of spray and furrow irrigating
systems, the former1 to irriga'te seed
potatoes and small patches of garden
truck, while the latter may be used for
crops planted in rowsr When a com
bination of this sort is adopted the
crops under spray usually are those
on rolling or hilly lands where it is not
easy to Irrigate by furrows. Where
the lay of the hnd is favorable the
comparative cheapness of the furrow
method recommends it above the more
expensive spray method. ( In most in
stances where the furrow method is
used the crops are planted in rows far
enough apart to permit of cultivation
by a horse-drawn implement.
Information in Bulletins.
The department of agriculture has
for distribution Bulletin 899 entitled
"Surface Irrigation for Eastern
Farms," which contains valuable in
formation for the farmer interested in
surface Irrigation. It treats in a prac
tical way the problem of obtaining a
water supply, how to convey the water
to the land, and the different types of
pumps and other equipment neces
sary to make -the system practical.
There are also valuable suggestions re
garding the methods of applying the
water to the crops. '.- ,
DESIRE TO IMPROVE -QUALITIES
OF COWS
Scrub Sires Are Menace to Those
Keeping Purebreds.
Services of Holsteln Bull and Hamp
shire Boar Offered to Community
Show Interest In "Better Sires
Better Stock."
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
As practical evidence of their inter
est in the "Better Sires Better Stock
campaign, which is gaining recruits
rapidly in a majority of the states, the
owners of a large stock farm in Flor
ida have written the bureau of ani
mal Industry that the Holstein bull
and Hampshire boar owned' by them
have been made free community sires.
The services of a Duroc boar will like
wise be made free as soon as he is old
enough. All are fine animals, with
pedigrees.
"We give the services of these ani
mals free,' write the owners, "because
this region is cursed with scrub sires.
They roam everywhere at will and
are a great menace to those keeping
purebred stock. Please tell us what
to do to have our farms enrolled in
your campaign and our sires recorded."
The offer of the bull is made with
the desire to improve the milking qual
ities of cows. The owners of the bull
specify that all cows brought for serv
ice must be tick-free. .7 A fee is charged
for service to registered Holsteln cows.
ANIMALS TO HARVEST CROPS
Live Stock Offer Profitable Method of
Taking Care of Surplus by
Pasturing.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
' ment of Agriculture.)
When there is not sufficient labor
available! to harvest all the crops, live
stock offer a profitable method of
taking care of the surplus by pastur
ing. The farm animals not only har
vest these crops cheaply, but while
doing so make profitable gains and
help to maintain soil fertility.
YOUNG STOCK REQUIRE CARE
Usually Happens at Time When the
Farmer Has Little Else , to Do
Animals Harvest Crops.
(Prepared by the United States Depart-
ment of Agriculture.) - -? - - '
Young stock require ; . considerable
care and attention, but -usually at a
season when' the farmer has little-1 else
to do. .The farmer can. well afford to
do extra work for them, In the winter,
as these same animals will assist s
harvesting his crops later. ;
SHEEP HELD III LOW ESTEEK
1,f49 Dogs in Buncombe' County Art
Estimated to be Worth More Than
7 2,164 Sheep by $884.00.
Asheville. The 2,164 sheep in Bun
combe county are worth $10,3S3 and
1,549 dogs are estimated to be worth
$11,207, according to official statistics.
In other words the dog-raising indus
try involves a greater amount of mon
ey than does . the . highly necessary
production of wool,' at least such is
the fact In this county. ,
Whether legislators of the last gen
eral assembly,, had such facts before
them is not known, but if, they did not
the North Carolina' legislators were
familiar with conditions at any rate.
Recently considerable interest has
been aroused among stock raisers in
raising sheep and it is expected 'that
the number raised next year , will ex-'
ceed the number in the county this
year. It is . understood the profits
from the wool each year pay for the
raising of a sheep and that therefore
a sheep is an' annual dividend-paying
proposition. 7 '
Wilmington. Miss Minnie Over
street has been awarded ; by a jury in
superior court damages in the sum
of $10,000 in her suit against John D.
Bellamy. She -was struck by the au
tomobile of Mr. Bellamy a number of
months ago and brought suit, for dam
ages.
Winston-Salem.: Gordon Hawkins,
driver of. auto which injured and
caused almost the instant death of the
four-year-old son vof J. W. Shouse on
the: public road v was bound over to su
perior court at a preliminary hearing
in bond of $2,000.
Kinston. Extension of the Kinston-
Carolina railroad from Snow Hill to aH
junction with the Norfolk "Southern,
its "parent" railroad, at Stantonburg
or another point on the line from Ral
eigh to Washington may be consum
mated with the return of the railroads
to their owners by the government
Charlotte. Baptists of the Mecklenburg-Cabarrus
association exceeded
their quota in; the 75 million campaign
by more than $62,000, according to fig
ures by Rev. W. A. Smith, of Pritchard
Memorial church,- campaign chairman
of the association.
Asheville. The first; patients for
the United States Public Health ser
vice hospital . at Kenilworth inn, ar
rived marking ; the official beginning
of this Institution under operation of
the; public health service,; . ; c 4
' There were 28" patients received, of
Whom 27 came from the public health
hospital in Greenville, S. C, and one
case was admitted from Asheville.
Goldsbord. Dr. F. J. Hage, of this
city, has received several flattering
offers by would-be purchasers for an
invention he has recently had patent
ed, which is a simpio device for tie
ing of tobacco.' It is said that this
invention will do away with the old
mode of tieing and that one man can
tie as many of the usual amount of
leaves together in one hour as possi
bly six hands could do in the old way.
Fayettevllle. Fayetteville and
North Carolina, gave a rousing wel
come to General John J. Pershing,
commander in chief of the American
Expeditionary Forces, on his visit to
the state for the inspection of Camp
Bragg. A great concourse of people
greeted the general as he rode through
the streets of Fayetteville following
his inspection of the camp and heard
him in a brief address delivered from
the balcony of the old market in the
center of the city.
Kinston. More than II million
pounds of tobacco have been sold on
the local market since September 2,
at a value in excess of the record
breaking sum of $11,000,000.
The pre-season estimate of the
crop's value has been surpassed by
more than a million dollars, while
sales are promising soon to reach the
26,000,080 pound mark set for the sea
son's total. It has been the most suc
cessful season this market, one of
the largest In the "new bright belt",
has ever known.
On Trial for Murder.
Kinston. The state will prosecute
Daniel Outlaw charged with the mur
der of Jonah Houston, vigorously, ac
cording to James A. Powers, solicitor
here. Outlaw will go on trial at K,e
nansville next month, Powers stated.
He is. a Duplin county farmer. The
state claims to have evidence to show
that the killing occurred over person
al differences. Houston, Lenoir coun
ty moonshiner and outlaw, was shot
and killed during the summer of 1916,
according to the evidence In hand.
t Guilty of Murder. 1
Asheville.' Sherman, Robert 'and
Leonard Owen were found guilty of
second degree murder for the "fatal
shooting ; of . Wisdom Patterson, by a
jury in, superior court at Brevard.
The men were sentenced by Judge
Webb. Robert Owen was sentenced
to 20 years, and Sherman .and - Leon
ard Owen were given sentences of 15
years each in the state prison. ' An or
der was made by the court transfer
ring " the three prisoners ' to the Bun
combe county jail here for safe keep
ing. .
PRY
BEST FOOD TO FATTEN FOWIi
Whether Young or Old Mixed GralR9
Are Better Than Any One Variety
Milk Is Relished,
Mixed grains are better for fattefl
Ing fowl, whether old or young than
tny one variety alone Oats and cornv
rround, are perhaps the most fatten
ing, Buckwheat and ordinary wheat
ire good food and add variety to the
rations but they are not so fattening.
Chickens get tired of one kind of feed,
the same as people do, but they thrive
on mixed feed. Skim milk is one o
the best articles of diet that can be
put on the fowl's bill of fare. It iff
relished, it Is healthful, It is nourish
ing and It greatly improves . the colorv
flavor and texture of the dressed)
meat Among the most rapid gainers
for killing purposes are the barretl
Plymouth Rocks, the ; Rhode Island
Reds and the. Wyandottes. Fed on
the above rations any of them can be
made to gain from a pound to a pound
and a half In three weeks, possibly
less. This is profitable feeding.
FEED FOWLS DAMAGED GRAItf
It It Essential to Exercise Particular
a, ; Care That Birds Are Not In
jured by Material.
(Prepared by the United States Depart-
Tment of Agriculture.)
Although it is good management to
allowpoultry to. rustle about in graio
fields and stock yards after the grata
crop has been stacked or thrashed, it
Is essential to exercise particular care
that the fowl are not injured by feed
ing on damaged grain. Specialists of
the United States department of agri
culture assert that where damaged
grain is fed in limited amounts to the
flock which is on free range, the possi
bility of serious injury is reduced to a,
minimum. On the other hand, they
state that it Is advisable not" to feed
the damaged grain and never to use
this material if it is moldy or musty
In anything but very small amounts
where the fowl are closely confined ,
all the time. There is an inexplaln
able something about the range whicht
the birds have as well as the waste
products which they utilize that ap-
parently keeps them healthy, so that
ChSckens Having Free Range Utilize
Much Waste Product.
-
they are able to handle small amounts
of grain which are not too seriously
damaged. It is especially necessary
to watch corn and cornmeal, as these
feeds are inclined to spoil rathez
easily. GREEN BONE GOOD FOR HENS'
Material Can Often Be Purchased
From Local Butcher Is Substitute
for Meat Scrap.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Green, cut bone can often be pur
chased from the butcher. This ma
terial when procured fresh makes as
excellent substitute for beef scrap. If
should be purchased In small quantf
ties, as it cannot be kept fresh for any
length of time and when spoiled may
.cause severe bowel trouble. It Is best
fed in a trough not oftener than every
other day, allowing about one-half
ounce per bird. Should severe or con
tinued looseness of the bowels f6llow
the feeding of green cut bone it should
be discontinued or the quantity re
duced. TRAP-NEST ALL LAYING HENS
Tends to Tame Birds, Thereby Inr
creasing Egg Production and
Permits Clear Record.- . .
When possible It Is advisable td
trap-nest the layers for the following;
reasons: (1) To tame the birds, there
by tending toward increased egg pro
duction. (2) To furnish definite knowl
edge concerning traits and habits of
individuals. (3) To furnish the only;
satisfactory basis, for utility pr'otbe
breeding. (4) To eliminate the non
productive hen. (5) To add mechanical'
precision to judgment and experience
in developing and- maintaining . the
utility of a flock. ...... : . -..,;
WHITE BIRDS GAINING FAVOR
Rocks, Orpingtons and Rhode Island
Coming to Front Fast as Egg ' '
' Producers. - -
The White Rocks, White Wyan
dottes, White "Rei' or Rhode Island
Whites are fast coming to the r front:
as high egg producers. -. The achlevo
ments of the- White Leghorns seesT
overshadow all other white bliCa,
0 - v
1 te
1 f&m&&
W,T wiu repay in milk. .
.1