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MAKING PROFIT
IN CUTTIMBER
Understanding of Elementary
Principles of Forestry Will
Y Assist Farmer.
THOUSANDS OF WILD
ANIMALS DESTROYED
At Least $5,000,000 Saved to
Farmers and Stockmen.
CAN SELL IN CARLOAD LOTS
Wasteful Practice to Put High-Priced
Logs to Ordinary Use on Farm
Much Pine, Yellow Poplar and
, Cotton Wood Used for Pulp.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of, Agriculture.)
An understanding of the elementary
principles of farm forestry ' will en
able the faraier to market his timber
far more profitably than It is done on
the average farm. . In the Southern
states, and in many other sections of
the country as well, high-grade logs
of 6Uch trees as white oak, yellow pop
lar. red gum. ash. cherry, and black
walnut ran usual'y be soTd in carload
lots direct to manufacturing plants.
even though these are located at som?
distance. Many local log-using plants
buy in lots as small as a wagon or
truck load. In the South clear log
of white oak and yellow poplar ,10
Inches and ud in diameter are most
profitably sold to sawmill' plants es
pecially equipped for quartering and
veneering woods. High prices at load
ing Doints make it wasteful to put
such logs to ordinary use at home,
Paper Pulp Wood.
Large quantities of pine are cut and
sold by southern farmers for paper
pulp wood. Yellow poplar and Cot
tonwood, red gum, tupelo and others
in less amounts are used for the same
purpose, according to forestry special
ists. The wood must be pealed and
Is usually marketed in 4-foot lengths
and 3 to 10 Inches in diameter. Pulp
wood is sold by the cord, and the
prices usually range from about $4 to
$6 for pine and from $5 to $9 for
poplar, cottonwood, etc.
Farm Timber Product
Railroad ties have long been a
standard farm timber products As a
, rule, however, the price represents
' only, fair wages for cutting, hewing,
and hauling, with little return for the
timber itself. For example, a tie 7
Inches by 8 inches by 8 feet long, if
sold at 50 cents, when the Items in the
'cost of manufacture are taken into
account, would have a value equiva
lent to the same amount of lumber
valued at $16.50 a thousand board
feet. This is a low figure for white
oak. It is often a mistake to cut a
young tree for one small tie when
in a short time the tree could produce
two ties.
Marked Decrease In' Number of Coy
otes Followed by Corresponding
Decrease in Loss of Sheep, Cat
tle, Pigs and Poultry.
(Prepared by the United States Depart-
, ment of Agriculture.)
Taking the estimates of farmers and
stockmen themselves, there has been
saved to them during the past year
not less , than ; $5,000,000 from the
hunting of predatory wild animals by
the United States department of ag
riculture, in co-operation with the
states. The work is done by the
bureau of biological survey and such
agencies as are designated by the
various states. During the past' fiscal
year about 32,000 wild animals were
killed under the direction of , the bi
ological survey by a force of between
400 and 500 skilled hunters. Indi
cations are still greater numbers were
killed by poisoning, though no actual
coutit was made of animals thus' de
stroyed. -,
Extensive poisoning opeiations were
conducted in the great sheep-growing
sections of Arizona. Colorado. Nevada,
New Mexico, Utah,, and Wyoming.
This was followed by a marked de
crease In the number of coyotes, par
ticularly with a corresponding de
crease in the -.losses of sheep, cattle.
SUCCESSORS
THE
INSPECTION SERVICE GROWS
Certificates Issued by Inspectors State
Condition of Interstate
' Shipments.
The inspection service for shipments
of fruits and vegetables, started In
1917 by the bureau of markets. United
States department of agriculture, has
been extended to cover 150 designated
rr lit I
REMEDY DEFECTS IN BUTTER
Half-Grown Mountain Lions Snapped
In Top of a Yellow Pine Tree
There Are Still a Considerable Num.
ber of These Animals in the West
Which Have Eluded the Hunters.
pigs, colts, and poultry. Stockmen
say that on many Important ranges
and lambing grounds the former heavy
annual losses have become negligible
or have been entirely eliminated. As
an Illustration, there is an area about
75 miles in diameter In western Col
orado where sheep owrners formerly
reported an average loss of about 25
sneep a aay tnrougnout tne season.
Poisoning operations have been con
ducted through two successive" sea
sons. Destruction of predatory ani
mals has been so thorough that sheep
now range freely, sometimes unat
tended for several days In succession,
without loss. Losses throughout the
area are nominal.
HE humble sweater first became
sportive as to color and then made
way for sweater coats, smocks, wide
scarfs and fancy wraps all made for
warmth or to suggest It. There are
about as many different materials
used for these wraps as there are
styles for making them, with angora,
or other shaggy soft wools, much to
tl.e fore. The new and heavy weaves
in silk are favorites and the thicker
grades of Jersey cloth make handsome
yarn embroidered smocks that take
the place of sweaters with sport skirts
For real warmth the wide scarfs,
often with cap and muff to match,
made of angora in dark colors, and
provided with belts, are practical and
smart. Some of the narrower ones
have muffs ' made In them by folding
a deep loop in one end to accommodate
a fiat bed. Yarn crocheted flowers
make a pretty ornament. The same
yarn forms a fringe at the end. All
these scarfs can be made of angora
fabrics with muTs or caps to match
and the same material In stripes of
white and light colors make small
wraps worn with white skirts banded
with the angora. Sleeveless Jackets
that hang straight from the shoulder
a. : also made of iL
Silk sweater-coats and smocks are
often finished with knotted silk fringe
in bright colors with silk girdles to
match. Silk braid Is a novelty used
In fringes on crocheted sweaters.
These are mide In several styles, one
of the novel ones appearing In the
picture above. Collars and cuffs of
angora make a cozy looking finish for
those with long sleeves. All these
pretty garments nre either really
warm or suggest warmth, although
some of then, are so lacey that it
takes the addition of. angora cloth to
hint a protection against chill.
The smock of heavy Jersey cloth Is
the most Interesting rival of sweaters
and sweater-coats. It Is usually em
broidered with wool or has crocheted
flowers of wool yarn as a decoration
and there is plenty of room for the
exercise of individual taste in its mak
ing.
Use of Churn Numbers Would Enable
Inspectors to Sort Out Various
Churnings. !
Some of the defects noted by butter
inspectors' of the United States depart
ment of agriculture are: Old cream
flavor, wavy or mottled appearance.
too much salt, and leaklness in the
butter. These defects are reported to
the shipper when the inspection cer
tificate is sent him, so that he mar
know why his butter -scores low and
may remedy the detects.
The use of churn numbers, so that
the receivers can more readily sort out
separate churnings, is urged by fowl
product Inspectors of the bureau of
markets. United States department of
agriculture. In one lot of butter, for
example, the score varied from 88 to
92. As no churn numbers were shown.
the only way the receiver could sep
arate the butter was by examining ev
ery tub. If churn numbers had been
shown It would have been"a simple
matter to separate the various churn
ings and sell them according to score.
It Is not possible to take time to ex
amine every tub. so the butter is sold
according to the samples taken.- and at
a discount if Ihe samples vary much.
If there should happen to be Just one
poor tub in the shipment and the sam
pler found It. the whole shipment
would suffer; while If churn number?
were used, only the tubs in that churn
ing would receive the lower score."
Peplum Blouses and Others
BORAX USED IN FERTILIZER
Federal Inspector Inspecting Carload
of Badly Sprouted Potatoes.
markets. The certificates issued by in
spectors upon request state the condi
tion of Interstate shipments as .they
arrive at market centers and are used
as a Jmsls for settling claims that may
arise between shipper and consignee.
Container Must Be Properly Marked
According to Order of Secre
tary of Agriculture.
A recent order ' signed under the
control act ny tne secretary or ag
riculture, and issued by the bureau of
soils of the United ' States department
of agriculture provides as follows:
"TYint hfrti f tor n n llpangoa Viorwlllrir,
v ... v.
or dealing in fertilizers or fertilizer
ingredients shall sell for application
to the soil any mixed fertilizer which
contains more than one-tenth of 1 per
cent of boron, expressed as anhydrous
borax, unless the container thereon
be marked, tagged, branded, or labeled
so as to show plainly and conspicuous-
y, as part of the analysis, the per
centage of borax present."
WHITE LEGHORN BEST LAYER
Average Total Production of Eggs
During Life Is About 500
Profitable Four Years.
The White Leghorn is, the most Im
portant egg-producing breed at the
present time. The average life of a
White Leghorn Is about six years. The
average total production cf eggs Is
. above 500 and the maximum possible
above 1,000, but- they " are seldom
profitable to keep after the fourth
year.
REMOVE RAM DURING WINTER
Should Not Be Permitted to Run With
. Ewes Because He Gets "Bossy"
and Eats Too Much.
The ram can be allowed to stay
with the ewes until winter. and then
he should be taken away from them.
If he stays with the ewes during the
winter he will eat too much, get
bossy" and bunt them around, often
axainz abort long,
ANIMAL FOOD IS ESSENTIAL
Farmer Makes Mistake in Nealectina
Any of Elements In "Ration
Stimulating Eggs.'
Many poultry flocks which receive
an abundance of fine quality grain do
not lay many eggs In the winter due
to a lack of animal food like sour
milk, buttermilk or beef scrap. Many
experiments by - practical fanners
prove the value of both beef scrap and
sour milk in the hen's ration. At the
present price of grain and eggs the
farmer can hardly afford to neglect
any of the elements In the ration
which enable the hen to pay for her
feed..
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STRANGE SIGHT TO TOURlbTS
Cotton and Other Carolina product,
seen tor first Time r-. Hundr
of Northerners' at Black
iredt
River."
" Dunn. Cotton and other Carol"
;roducts: in their Taw states-
seen for tho first time by several hua
drcd -Northern tourists here whea
wreck on the Coast Line at i;;aCi
southbound trains, at this poir.t j,'rac.
River necessitated the holdi i (I a,J
practically all day. The visitors weVa
much suprised to find the land of lae
long leaf, pine in the grip of it first
real blizzard of the year, but seined
to enjoy every minute of their stay.
The cotton yaid, where several
hundred bales of the fleecy staple
still find their way every day in Si;ia
of the lateness of the season, was tho
most interesting point to them. At
first they did -not know what the staj
was. The big lumber mills, where
the giant logs from surrounding
forests were being sawed into build
ing material, were also inspected.
Most of the tourists were bound for
Florida. Several," however, were on
their way to Havana? where "Worldwide-prohibition"
is sure not to be
come eflective until the flu weathei
l3-,ovt.r as one Broadway habitue ex
pressed It
Lumberton, Mr. Joseph Regan,
Confederate veteran, died at &J
home near Ten Mile church.
DONT WASTE fUEL IN DAIRY
Exhaust Steam Can Be Advantageously
Useo in Pasteurizing Mi'k and
Sterilizing Cans.
.Prepared by the United States Depart
. ment of Agriculture.)
Many factory operations of the
dairy Industry require the use of heat,
although1 they demand little power. As
exhaust steam contains about 90 per
cent of Its original heat. It can be
mm
Elizabeth City, Enthusiasm Is M
high pitch among the people of South
Mills and of Newland township in
Pasquotank for . the proposed Eliza,
both City-Norfolk highway by way of
S uth Mills and the Dismal Swamp
canal.
Winston-Salem, The leaf tobacco
sales here this month totals 339.213
pounds; It brought $152,757.18; sales
to date total 32,896,135, for which
$16,120,225 .09 has been paid out.
AsLeville, Charles A. "Webb, Unit
ed States mar3hall, western district
of North Carolina appointed T. B.
Smothers, of Winston Salem, as depu
ty marshall, who will assume hit
duties in Winston-Salem at once.
Winston-Salem, President Jamea
G. Hanes, of the Hanes Hosiery Mills
company, left for New York where he
will join a party for a pleasure and
business trip to the far east, the tour
to consume four or five months. They
will stop first at Hawaiian islands,
going then to Japan and China.
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Hickory.--The balmy weather of
January not only brought everybody
outdoors, but had the effect of caus
ing hens to seek their nests, as rec
ords kept by the Catawba Creamery
company show.
From the territory combed by the
trucks of the local concern, 4.500
dozen or 64,000 eggs were purchased
at a price near $6,000.
New Bern, Marie Laud, pretty,
eighteen years old, of Savannah, Ga.,
who tried to end her life a few days
ago after she struggled for weeks to
live oh a wage paid her by a local
merchant, was discharged from a lo
cal hospital, fully recovered.
EXCELLENT FED FOR SHEEP
Ewes Thrive on Thre to Five Pounds
of Silage Dally, With Alfalfa
as Roughage.
An Ideal winter feed for breeding
.ewes Is three to five pounds per day of
'good corn silage to each ewe. and what
alfalfa hay they will eat up clean. Ths
silage should be made from well-matured,
well-cured corn.
THE procession of new blouses and
smocks for spring and summer
is passing in review, and every day
brings revelations of style and beauty
In them. The blouse with a peplum.
more or less short has arrived at a
place. In the esteem of women, where
it looks backward at Its rivals the
blouse without a peplum and the
smock. Just how to distinguish be
tween a blouse and a smock Is one of
the things that . needs to be determined.
If we count in . smocks with blouses
that have "peplums, those that have
not will be found in the minority.
About the most Interesting of the new
blouses are those made of fine white
voile that depend upon exquisite
needle work for adornment. Drawn
work, hemstitching, embroidery and
fancy stitches, Insets of filet and old
tlmy stitchery give them a flavor of
refinement and reserve that we find
refreshing. Bearing them company are
smocks of white linen, with bindings
in n color. ' ; ..
' After these the most interesting
blouses are those of georgette crepe
that are embroidered in a way to makt
them either brilliant or georgeous
High colors like jade green, turquoise
geranium, emerald and henna, witn
embroidery in colors that are 'like them
In character, as brilliant and as art
fully combined as In a Paisley shawl,
have an appealing, suggestion of splen
dor. Then there are bead' embroidered
models, of which a lovely example ap
pears in the picture. Black georgette
makes this rich blouse and brilliant
jet leads almost cover the peplum
They find a place on the flaring elbow
sleeves and outline the roundi neck, be
sides making ajooped fringe that fin
ishes the bottom and the sleeves.
There Is much sparkle to this all black
affair and it belongs to the matroz
who is entitled to wear ft. A, long
strand of beads takes the place of a
girdle about the waist
All Dairy Utensils Should Be Care-
fully Sterilized for Use.'- j
advantageously used in pasteurizing
milk and cream and In sterilizing dairy
equipment in the average commercial
piant, according to specialists. They
advise that all dairy factory men
utilize this waste steam - during the
current winter, when fuel is scarce
and high in price. Information on
how to use steam effectively wll be
iurntsned tree of charge when re-1 C
quest is made to the United States de- Grecnsboror-The first , services of
partment of agriculture. Wnshinn-tfin tne conierence oi tne pastors oi uw
There are probably 250 cases of in
fluenza in Charlotte, based on the
estimate of Dr. C. C. Hudson, City
health officer. One hundred and seventy-five
cases had been offically re
ported. However, there was not a
eingle death from influenza or com
plications ' resulting from influenza in
the city during the last 15 days of
January, Dr. Hudson stated.
D. C.
Chrlstan churches from the four
states of North Carolina, Georgia,
VALUE OF Rill I RRCCrnCD : Alaabama and Maryland, was held at
UUU HO DiiCLUtn . the First Chrlstan church here with
High Average In All His Daughters Is
Final Measure Four Years
Are Needed.
The number of daughters a bull has
In the advanced, registry lu Dot suffi
cient measure of his value as n breed
er. Neither can his value be meas
ured by a few high-producing daugh
ters. High-average production In oil
his dayghters is the( final measure, and
that cannot be determined by using
the bull two or three years. Four
years are needed to measure the value
of any bull.
about 75 ministers present.
CARE FOR CREAM SEPARATOR
It Should Be Thoroughly Washed and
Sterilized After Being Used
Particles Harmful.
The cream separator should be
thoroughly washed and sterilized after
each time It la used. Particles of milk
or cream left in the separator act as
the souring of
the'iTeam. -:. .
SOME ESSENTIALS FOR COWS
Animals Will Do Better If Not Con
fined Too Closely Warm Sta
bles 'Necessary. -
.The cows will do a great deal bet
ter If not confined in too close quar
ters. . They require above everything
else plenty of exercise, fresh air. and
sood clean water Good warm stablen
are a necessity.
Wilmington, -The City of Joliet."
fourth of the gTeat steel freighter tc
be built at the plant of the George
A. Fuller Company for the United
States Shipping Board, was launched
with Miss Jean Barber, daughter oi
the mayor of Joliet, Ills , acting sponsor.
Car Thieves Caotured.
Gastonla. Chief of Police Joe On
and his policemen hare succeeded In
roundinj up a bunch of car thieves
who have been giving the Southern
railroad trouble for the past two years
and for whom the road's detectives
tare searched higii and low for these
many moons.
The gang Is composed of a trio ot
young negroes. Making their head
quarters here they hare operated all
along the line between Spencer and
Gastonla, Including Concord and Char
lotte. . :
$800,000 Yam Mill.
, Rutherf ordton, The latest enter
prise for Rutherfordton Is a new yarn
mill with an authorized capitalization
ct $800,000.
.The movement has been launched
and the organization has been per
fected. The name, and. exact location
Las not been definitely decided upon,
but It will be In or near town. The
stock is practically- all subscribed for
the mill now. The r machinery has
been contracted.' for. t The mill will
hare . 12,000 spindles and' will
the largast yam mill In the country.
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