THE POLK COUNTY IIEWS
LIVE STOCK
SPLIT
H'
CONGRESS
0R4RY.SHEEP PASTURES
TEW
, Pxperimenx m
PsultS nt of Agriculture on 30
parAcrc Field in Maryland. , .
' th(, Ur.sed States Depart
(frepant 5 Aeulture.), . ,s ..;
cre tieid in Maryland, used
On a ... . ;:1tes Department of
Aft ttv - A
l5 the,t, ire to test the carrying W
!f tiMuporary Pstures for ?heeP.!
f0 f n-murage was produced to
5Utident 1 1 . dayS' graz-
urnis!l -ncli JH're for a mature ewe.
Vb 0U Univalent-to about two sheep
1S r r M-ason of 250 days, or
JJoa5 "one-half sheep for a 200-day
Iri0( .nirane is., much more than
le iiiained from perennial grass
01 n on land of the character and
,i,.,t used in the experiment.
;)artineiit sheep specialists say,
the dTfl
hni t'1
bt blue-grass pastures.
the
i I I'll HI U l ' i JV'l o " vv wJJiVU
Ttenirorary pastures should produce
Lambs' on Pasture in Marylanu.
than, was obtained in this instance.
In such a system as the one under
trial there is not much choice of crops
ii) lie used in different 'months. It is
chiefly tieee.ssary tomake sure of hav
ing one crop ready when the preced
In? one Is finished. All the props
nsed in 1019, the third year of the
jtihiient. stimulated a good flow of
milk in the ewes, produced good
growth in. the Jambs, and, after wean
in?, put the ewes in good condition
for fall breeding.
The ewes and lambs were all pure
bred Southdowns. Some of the ewes
raising: Iambs received a half-pound of
grain each daily until May 10, and 22
bead of ewes in a fall-breeding expert
mew received a light feed vi grain dur
ing September and October. All the
lambs' were kept for breeding purposes
and were fed some grain throughout
the summer. In calculating how far
the feed actually produced would go
fur grown sheep it was considered that
a lamb ate one-fourth as much as a
sheep until July 1, and after- that
liHuilf as much.;, ,A total of 520
hours' work for a man and a team
as required for plowing and seeding
liefio'aeivs used in 1919.' -
Under the conditions of this experi
ment fall-sown wheat and spring seed-
ii!?.s. of oats nnd rvpns sown tocether
at the rate of "1 bushels per acre
"&e been most satisfactory for graz-
i? in spring and early summer. Soy
'tans ;ire ready for grazing about, the
middle , of July, and furnish most of
the feed until October. In November
fall-sown wheat and rye have been
UHd most, though late seedings of
cra and velvet beans were used In
1;,1;t for the first time on 1 acres
tnat laid received an extra top dress
tog of manure.
The number of days of grazing from
joe acre of each crop in 1919 was as
follows, calculated on its pasture value
Ior one mature ewe:
Days.
Days.
... 210
aPe Ko nmm
r,Z bftans 213 Alfalfa .
8S2
278
ma peas.. 319 Barley
""dl 309 Rye ...180
TYPES OF BABY BEEF COWS
. : . .
Three Important Factors Should Be
Kept in Mind in Making Selec
tion of Breeders.
In seUnting cows from which baby
is to lie produced, three very im--Portuut
factors should be kept in
mind :
1. The cows should, have at least
Pure-
ai not necessary, but two or
thrt-t
e 'Tosses' ftf Sllfh hrof1inor A.
of ous u'itn a preponderance
lairv blood will not do for the pro
f .baby beef. - '
lT"' 'st suited for this type of
0 w'.U4.s "sually weigh 900 pounds or
' early maturity is not sacri-
V.U1U V.UUUIUVU, ; w
ficed
Si J f for haby-eef production.
shoii, flame rather than weight
are fVf'r" ln Meeting cows which
, 0 be ll5d for this purpose: v
h' Th! cow's used to produce baby
U( s .snould produce enough, milk
with,?!1 the oa,ves fat and growing
wenn!.. nuumonai ieeo up w
tiint
In
allirw. .t. - -V ' "
such tl ' inese tnree ractors,
Hy of jlnurs as constitution uniform-
aturit'rei?inR' color slze and early
should be considered,
from
S . M?2J&1$!& x fA',rr- -r xlrini'i - Jlr t.
, Scene during i
wrote the-fflmmi Vl, " ' o X iiuuge 10 wock ot Ages m Somerset, r.ngiauu. where Augustus Toplaay
eras 3 Scent n , Df' T HardinS' &ther of the President, and his bride, who was Miss Alice Sevi
erns. .o. Scene at one of the inadequate food stations established by the Bolshevik! in famine area of Russia.,
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
De VaJera .Rejects the British
Offer and Dail Eireann
Debates the Plan.
PEACE OR WAR FOR IRISH?
Bolsheviks Haggling Over American
Relief Terms Tax Revision Bill in'
the House Ansell, Hunt and
Cresson Accused of Con
spiracy in Bergdoll Case.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD.
Ireland occupied the center of the
world stage last week, and at this
writing it is uncertain whether she
will gain peace by accepting the Brit
ish government's offer of dominion
rule, or adopt the irreconcilable atti
tude of De Valera and the other Sinn
Fein leaders and( thereby probably
bring upon herself a suicidal war with
Great Britain. In the closing days of
the week Dail Eireann, the Sinn Fein
parliament, was in secret session de
bating the momentous problem. There
was a slight chance that it would not
indorse De Valera's rejection of the
Lloyd George offer, and another
chance that the plan would be sub
mitted to a plebiscite by which the
people of southern Ireland might in
struct their leaders to accept the do
minion rule offer.
It was made evident that the Sinn
Feiners were trying to bring Ulster in
to accord with the South so that th
conversations with the British govern
ment might be renewed and possibly
a counter offer made to Lloyd George.
The attitude hitherto assumed by Sir
James Craig and his colleagues did
not promise well for the success of
that effort. Indeed, Ulste has been
the stumbling . block all through the
negotiations.
To the unprejudiced mind the Brit
ish offer seems extremely liberal, giv
ing to Ireland equal membership as a
dominion in the British empire, with
full control of Its finances, posts, army
and internal government, and demand
ing little except loyalty to the em
pire, control of the seas about Ireland
and. certain military and aviation
rights. It was specified, also, that
coercion should not be employed
against Ulster, and De Valera has de
clared southern Ireland can be brought
Into an Irish dominion without tne
use of force. He meant by the use
of the commercial boycott and simi
lar measures, but General Smuts is
confident that time and experience
will bring about the same result ami
cably. v
In addressing Dail Eireann, De
Valera declared Lloyd George had not
offered to Ireland the status of a do
minion government, because no Ire
land was mentioned In the terms, only
two broken pieces of Ireland; and be
cause dominions have the right to
secede, but Ireland must stay within
the empire whether or not It wishes
to do so. Said he: "Only on a basis
of our recognition as an Irish repub
lic will we deal with any nation or
fnrPiim country whatever. rlhe omj
government the people of Ireland rec
ognize is the ministry or ine
He bitterly scored the British gov
ernmentdeclaring it was practically
Impossible to negotiate with ir be
cause of Its "lack of Principle; and
cited the many "inconsistencies of
Lloyd George ; but the reservations in
his speech, expressed and Implied,
seemed to leave the way open for
further negotiations.
Although ''Lloyd George declared his
offer was the utmost the British gov;
eminent could make, It Is just possible
a way may be found to . satisfy the
Irish principle of. Independence Dub
rtpnts call attenuu" .
he tact that England already has
the fact tnai b existence of
Z premter wtttt De Vaicra
many other minor Particulars. There
fore 'they hold. Dail Eireann, Instead
TiA Utwd Georg proposaK
mlxht- offer the same terms to wear
if. ,,.'. ' .. . ' s''t ' ' '.'-,-.." '.
Britain by a treaty as between two
free and independent nations.
One thing is fairly certain: If the
British offer comes to naught and war
farev Is resumed, the British govern
ment will start in whole-heartedly to
"clean up the Emerald Isle," and that
with the practically unanimous sup
port of the people of the rest of the
empire. All factions ln the United
Kingdom now admit that the premier
has made a sincere effort to pacify
Ireland and right her wrongs, and if
h feels compelled to defend the gov
ernment's position by force of arms,
his course will be generally justified.
Throughout the world the real, friends
of Ireland who have been watching
her struggle with interest and concern
will regret deeply the irreconcilability
of her leaders. Already the British
are preparing for a possible resump
tion of hostilities.
The League of Nations council will
meet in Geneva probably on August 27
tp consider the Silesian problem, and
Premier Briand isv quoted as saying It
undoubtedly will be able to settle the
disputed questions conformably with
the terms and spirit of the peace
treaty. Its labors may be lightened
by the present attitude of the Ger
man industrial and political leaders
and the Polish labor representatives
ln Upper Silesia. They have held
secret conference , in Kattowltz and
pledged( co-operation In the Interest of
their "common motherland." It was
believed they would petition the
league council to settle the Silesian
trouble promptly by giving Upper
Silesia all to Poland or all to Ger
many. All the conferees were op
posed to the further use of force.
Germans and Polish irregular troops
had a fight near the villages of
Sternalitz and Kostellltz, and the Ger
mans killed 24 Toles and drove the
rest across the frontier.
The Greeks resumed last week their
offensive against the Turkish national
ists, and four strong columns advanced
far toward the Kemallst seat of gov
ernment at Angora while a fifth
moved north toward Ismid, which the
Turks were said to be evacuating. It
was reported again that the national
ists also were giving up Angora. The
Turks , made a stand at the ancient
city of Gordlum, near the confluence
of the Pursak and Sakarla rivers,
which was used as a concentration
camp by Alexander the Great when he
invaded Persia.
It is almost ' incredible, but true
nevertheless, that the Bolshevik rul
ers of Russia were still haggling last
week over the terms on which Ameri
cans should be permitted to undertake
the relief of the starving and pest
' stricken millions of the Volga valley
and .southern Russia. Day after day
Maxim Lltvlnoff, head of the soviet
famine relief commission, fenced with
Walter L. Brown, chief of the Euro
pean section of the American relief
administration, yielding slowly and
reluctantly to ' Mr. . Brown's demands,
suspicious like his fellow Bolsheviks
that any foreigners admitted to Rus
sia will take advantage of the oppor
tunity to conspire to overthrow the
sovtiet regime. At this writing Llt
vlnoff has given In on all points save
one. He still Insists that the Bol
sheviks shall have the right to limit
the number of relief workers and to
expel any of them. Meanwhile the
Russians are dylnt like flies for lack
of food and medicines.
It is Interesting to note that soviet
Russia has abandoned prohlb'tlon. A
decree has been Issued permitting the
manufacture and sale of beverase
containing up to 14 per cent of al
cohol, which will be heavily taxed.
Vntlonallzatlon of re"i estate also has
heen dropped and Individuals nre now
permitted to.bny.;l"rp or ,'nnd .
the government. Having mnde p-etty
much of a wreck of the cntry. Lnln
and Trotzky ,are T-fldrnMv re"dnr
from their Imposi'ble position.
China has cordially accepted the In
vitation to the disarmament confer
ence In Washington; and Japan's notr
of acceptance has been pronared nnd
submitted to the cabinet, in Tokyo for
approval. The Japanese reply; If
understood, asks limirn"-.- on the
question to be discuss- " ... The ac
ceptance of France, which was a mere
formalitr ' also was received early 1'
the "weV together with the assur
ance of I'reroier. Briand that he will
accompany the French delegation.
President Harding has named two of
the American delegates Secretary of
State Hughes and Senator Lodge,
That the administration will not make
the conference the occasion for lavish
expenditures is assured by its request
for an appropriation of only $200,000
for expenses of the meeting. Of
course, the Republicans took advantage
of their chance to make comparisons
with the huge sum expended by Pres
ident Wilson and his peace commis
sion in Europe.
Mr. Dresel, our commissioner ln
Berlin, has been busy negotiating the
terms of the peace' treaty with Ger
many, and has run against several
snags, among them a renewed opposi
tion on the part of Germany to ad
mit Its sole blame for the war. Amer
lea reserves to Itself all the advan
tages accrulns under the treaty of
Versailles, and Germany demands sev
eral things, Including restoration of
all German property "seized in Amer
ica or the proceeds of the sale of
such property. '
The tax revision bill was introduced
into the house and the fight for its
adoption began promptly under a spe
cial rule which provided for final ac
tlon at three o'clock Saturday after
noon. There was little doubt that the
measure would be passed almost as
reported, but there was a chance that
It might be changed in one important
respect. Just before it was Introduced
the Republican members of the house
in caucus ordered that it be altered
to provide that repeal of the excess
profits tax, substitution of an in
creased corporation tax and reduction
of the higher Individual surtaxes
should become effective on Income of
the calendar year 1922 Instead of
1921. This was not in accord with
the desires of the administration,
which believed the party was commit
ted to a revision of the tax laws
which would apply to 1921 Income, and
It was thought the action of ,the
caucus might be reversed. The Dem
ocratic members of the house also
caucused and voted to fight the tax
bill, declaring ln a resolution that It
Is "subversive of the principle that
should govern taxation for the sup
port of this government" and that It
"relieves profiteers and taxpayers of
large Incomes from their just share
of the load of taxation and leaves an
unfair portion of the burden to be
borne by the people of moderate
means." Fifty-two Democratic mem
hers did not attend the party caucus.
In a majority report of a special
Investigating committee filed with the
house of representatives last week.
Samuel T. Ansel, former acting judge
advocate general of the army; Col
John E. Hunt and Col. C. C. Cresson
were charged with conspiracy ln con
nectlon with the escape of Grover C.
Bergdoll, the most despicable of the
draft evaders. - Ansell, it Is charged,
was the master mind ln the plot by
which Bergdoll, whose attorney he
was, was released from military prison
under guard to dig up a pot of gold.
and the report recommends that he be
disbarred from practicing ln the courts
of the nation "above whose safety and
Integrity he placed gold." Colone
Hunt Is held directly responsible for
the escape of Bergdoll because he
neglected fo hae him handcuffed and
adequately guarded : and Colonel Cres
son Is severely criticized for his ?pre-
tense of prosecution" of Colonel Hunt,
who was tried by court-martial." ',, The
majority report was signed by Repre
sentatlyees Lnhrlng of Indiana. Repub
lican, and Flood of Virginia and
Johnson f Kentucky, Democrats.
Chairman Peters of Maine and McAr
tiMtr of Oreironf: Repuh1 leans, submit
ted a m'norltvi report dissenting from
most of the findlnes of the majority.
The field of athletic sports provided
a minor sensation In the breakdown
of Suzanne Lenglen. famous French
tennis player..wh"e she was contend
ing w!h Mrs. Mol"a Mallory, Ameri
'an champion,. In the women's national
championship -tournament . at( S Forest
Hills.. L. I. Ml'e.., Lenglen. who had
ipndert only a day or so before, was
srffer'tri' from a ? severe cough nr.-l
after Mrs. Mallory had won the fi''
et mv1 t o points of the second. lW
French girl quit.: weeping, and do
-faulted.- ft Is believed. that these twr
..pp,;.,.i:.,t .p players will liave; anothe
match before Suzanne returns hom
ABOUT A RECESS
MEMBERS ARE AT VARIANCE AS
TO WHAT THE . COUNTRY A
WANTS THEM TO DO. ?
MAY ADJOURN BEFORE SEPT. 1
Though in Special Session to Pass
Taxation and Tariff Legislation,
They Have Been Undertaking All
Kinds of Things. ,
By EDWARD B. CLARK.
Washington. One faction of the
dominant party in congress today is
maintaining that the sentiment in the
country is in favor of having the law
makers stick to their work and do all
that they can do in a legislative way
without thought of a recess. Anoth-
er faction maintains that the country
desires that the two big legislative
jobs of tariff and taxation should be
finished and thinks it would be wise
for the legislators then to go home
and stay until December.
It Is still impossible to tell wheth
er the much-desired recess of congress
will materialize or not. Congress it
self is divided over the question, and,
as has been said, divided in its belief
as to how the country feels about the
matter. There Is some hope that there
may be a recess by August 25 or Sep
tember 1. It is certain that the Presi
dent desires this, but whether con
gress will meet the desire by cleaning
up the interim work and standing
ready to depart, remains to be seen.
This is a special session of con
gress, and timea. have changed so far
as . special sessions are concerned. In
the old days, when the speaker of the
house named the members of the com
mittees, it was his plan, when a spe
cial session was called immediately
after a new congress was assembled,
to appoint only those members of com
mittees which would have to deal with
the immediate legislation for which
congress iad been brought into spe
cial session.
Thomas B. Reed, when he was
speaker, did this, and Joseph G. Can
non on one occasion did it, but in re
cent years the committee appointing
power of tlje speaker has been taken
away from him and now a party cau
cus of the dominant membership set
tles the matter. " -Special
Session, General Work.
At the boginning of this congress
the committee memberships were all
filled, and although the special ses
sion was called virtually specifically
for the purpose of taxation and tariff
legislation, congress has gone into all
kinds of things and has been able to
present them for consideration because
the committees of the house had been
named and the members wanted to
work. Moreover, there was pressure
from here, there and everywhere for
legislation of this kind or that kind,
and committee members felt the pres
sure and yielded to.it.
There are a hundred undefined leg
islative purposes in view hi congress
today, and some of the Republican
members, who of course are responsi
ble because they represent the ma
jority, have insisted that other things
than the tariff and taxation should be
looked after at once, while other Re
publican members, feeling the effects
of hot weather and not believing that
the country wants a long session, have
insisted that the tariff and tax should
be disposed of apd that a recess should
be taken. The President seems to
side with this latter group of his
party.
There is criticism among many old
er .members today because conditions
are such that congress cannot be kept
to the duties for which it was called
together, and leave minor things alone
The Republican leader of the senate
and the Republican leader of the
house each apparently felt compelled
to go to the White House to secure
that support which would make the
senate and the house Republicans fol
low the leadership.
No Unanimity of Opinion.
There Is one thing, however, that
thus far the leadership has failed to
accomplish, it . has not been able to
bring a unanimity of opinion, or at
any rate of acquiescence, among the
followers In a definite policy on Just
what should be done and what should
not be done. It seems possible that
President Harding, If he so desired,
might be able to force a recess.
A good many; members of both
houses are timid about recesses, be
cause they know that there are always
men in the country who say that their
desire for a recess Is a desire to get
rid of work, but this year the desire,
e so many members of both' houses
iv-clare. Is nothing of the kind.
If there were some definite way of
earning beyond doubt just how the
majority of the citizens of the United
-States feel about legislative matters,
n hand, congress would either recess
or fall to recess. In accordance with
majority sentfment. There is no par
tisanship in this general setting forth
of the proposition ' In ' hand, for the
minority, like the: majority.' seems to
be divided on the advisability of the
recess matter, and on the wisdom of
doing at epe"!al sessions legislative
work which might be put. over until
December. . ,, .
French engineers will bore a tunnel
inder the Suez canal to enable the
railways of Egypt and Paiestine.to be
Unked: , -";
yi . .1
(Conducted by National Council qf th Boy
' Scouts -or America.? ' -
- SCOUT LIFE SAVEhS,:
From October i920 to July 1J21 the
following boy scouts have been award
ed medals for heroic services by the .
National Court of Honor : . ,
Gold medals Dale Collier, Rock
Island, RL; Joseph H. Mardis, East
Liverpool, Ohio; George Noble, Char
lton, Iowa.
Silver medals Myers Chaires,
Spring Hope, N. C; Van Carmen,
Kewanee, 111.; Gordon M. Crowley,
Pittsfield, Mass. ; Frederick Doty, Plain
field, N. J.; Sam A. Fitch, Houston.
Tex. ; Walter Frlck, Philadelphia,
Pa.; Kenneth Gardner, New York;
Marcus Glnsburg, Chicago, nL; John
Holllngs, Pleasantvllle, N. Y. ; George.
J. Howell, Newport News, Va.; Robert
R. Humphreys, Fresno, Cal.; Arthur
T. Lee, Newark, N. J. ; Leslie Lumbat
tis, Belleville, 'nil; Robert McGaffln,
Topeka, Kan.; Gerhard McKee On
tario, Cal. ; Edward Moraves, West- ,
field, Mass. ; Charles Pasho, Syracuse,
N. Y.; Austin J. Power, Brooklyn,
N. Y.; C. E. Ross, Wheeling, W. Va. ;
Arthur Sommerfield, Chicago, 111.;
Elmer R. Walker, Mott, N. D., and
Harold White, Lowell, Mass.
Henceforth, there will be only one
grade of medal awarded, made of gold
and specially designed by Belmore
Brown, the well-known explorer. The
medal will be awarded only in cases
of life-saving involving actual risk
of life to the rescuer. For other serv
ice In saving of life and first-aid let
ters of commendation will be awarded.
Dale Collier of Rock Island, 111., will
be the first recipient of the new de
sign medal, which he earned splendid
ly by a spectacular feat of ice rescue
last winter. , 1
: ii '
BOY SCOUTS IN HUNGARY.
Scouting is" ten years old In Hun
gary and, though the war stopped Its
growth for a time, the movement was
reorganized and put on a firm basis
In September, 1919. In Its earlier
stages the Hungarian scout, associa
tion was, like the German, a semi
military organization, but with Its re
establishment it has rejected the mil
itary element and founded Itself on
the British and American nonmllltary
basis. The dismemberment of Hun
gary was a severe blow to the progress
of the movement inasmuch as more
than 50 per cent of the Magyar troops
ire now in occupied territories. Offi
cers, money and equipment are badly
needed. Some of the boy scouts have
no money even to purchase shoes,
much less scout uniforms. Most of
the leaders are professional men or
clerks who have a hard enough strug
gle to earn their own living and yet
they devote time and often money to
the cause. I
"We are all the more proud," writes
a Hungarian old scout, "that despite
hardships and sufferings, our scouts
unfalteringly, with a strong soul and
in a real scout spirit, follow the path
which leads to our great goal good
citizenship and real humanity."
The Hungarian boys are particularly
anxious to be 'no z. Jed in the Inter
national Brotherhood of Scouts and
offer and bespeak ln turn good will.
understanding and support In the
spirit of true scouting.
vvHFV IN DOUBT ASK' A SCOUT.
Last April a letter from the state
department of conservation and de
velopment asking for data as to the
numbed and species of trees ln the
city of Long Branch,- N. J., Is said to
have caused considerable consterna
tion among the local authorities. Evi
dently a tree census was wanted at
once, but who could or would do the
job? The authorities didn't know but
somebody else did. Hearing of the
quandary of the city fathers, Scout
Executive Ovenham came forward
with the suggestion that the scouts ot
his district could and would under
take the census, if desired. They did
with excellent results to all con
cerned? . - '
SCOUTS AS LIFE 8AVER8.
Hal Cranton, a thirteen-year-old
boy scout of Newark, O., saved the life
of a six-year-old child who was swept
away by the swift current while wad
ing in shallow water and had gone
down ln a deep pool.
mong the many heroic deeds per
formed during the Pueblo flood Is the
story of the two boy scouts who, on
hearing that several persons were
stranded at the gas works and hang
ing from trees, hastened out to Min
eral Palace park, captured a canoe,
which they carried over to the swol
len river, and paddled down ha the
fierce current, rescuing five persons.
NEW HAMPSHIRE SCOUTS ACTIVE
It Isn't only in cities that boy scouts
And community good turns to do.
In Peterborough, N. H., 'the 'records
show that,- among other; things, the
couts shoveled snow last winter and
assisted at times around a home for
aged, found a 1 lost - child guarded
rutos and did messenger and . guide
service ,fcr I. O. O. F, convention,
gathered vergrf en end made wreathf
for, O. H.. -R. for Memorial- day ob
lerrnnce, and formed escort for dead
body of soldier, from oversea , :.-,