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Rider Haggard protests against the "ex
posure of the old king to the rulgar gaze."
Lord Carnarvon and Howard Carter would
hare the mummy on exhibition where it is.
What do you think about it?
or
ai/te/f
'ATSrtfPJVT
O* ilWUMf^
VlAP OT VALIX* OF 22?& zmr&$
i
By JOHN DICKINSON SHERMAN
GOOD old American "hunch" is
what uncovered tiiat Pharaoh's
rock-hewn toinb in the Valley of
Kings, unearthed millions, put
Tut-Ankh-Amen back on the first
page after 33 centuries, changed
the fashions, and made the
names of ? Howard Carter and
Lord Carnarvon household
words, for many years Carter
has been hof on Tut-Ankh
Amen's tfail and always his
I "hunch" led him back to the
tomb of Rameses VI. This particular Rameses
didn't amount to much as a Pharaoh, but he dug
himself a whopping big elaborate tomb in the solid
rock, so now it's swept and dusted and lighted by
electricity and is one of the approved sights.
Twice did Carter dig in front of this elaborate
tomb and twice he missed by a few yards only.
Last fall, on a spot just 15 feet from the wall of
the big tomb his "hunch" said "Dig here!" First
he struck some ancient workmen's huts. Then he
came upon a step cut in the solid rock. He went
? down 20 steps and found a door covered with In
tact seals of the royal cemetery.
Now (he work has been slopped and the tomb
, repealed until cooler weather next fall. This gives
Mr. Everyman, who is neither an archeologist nor
an Egyptologist, a chance to catch up and tind out
what all the excitement is about, so as to be ready
for the doings when work is resumed. These will
be In the way of climax to a romantic and dra
matic story. What follows is intended to be in
formative.
Howard Carter is an American who went to
Egypt thirty years ago to paint in water colors.
He did work for the Egyptian Exploration fund
and achieved a large reputation as an archeologi
xral draughtsman. He was made government in
spector of antiquities for Upper Egypt. The late
Theodore M. Davis of Boston obtained a concession
in 1901 and Carter took charge of exploration.
Davis was at first very successful. Later his luck
changed and Lord Carnarvon took over his conces
sion in 1914. During the war Carter was in the
British Intelligence service. This Is Carter's first
big find for Carnarvon, iwho got. discouraged more
than once and now gives Carter full credit for per
sistent belief in his "hunch."
George Edward Stanhope Molyneaux Herbert Is
the fifth earl of Carfiarvon. He was born in 18C6
and succeeded his father In 1890. He was edu- "
cated at Eton and at Trinity college, Cambridge.
He married Almina Wombell In 1895 and has a
son and daughter. He owns about 36,000 acres and
has a racing stable. j
Description of pictures given herewith : The
largest photograph shows the entrance to the toinb
of Rameses VI, under which is the tomb of Tut
Ankh-Amen. The cross In white behind the guards
|^?hows the approximate location of the entrance
discovere<M)y Carter. The dfagram below shows
the location of these two tombs In the Valley of
the Kings. The muhimy is that of Sethos I, a pow
erful Pharaoh of the nineteenth dynasty (1328
1203 B. C.). This mummy is in the museum at
Cairo. Tut- Ankh- Ames's mummy, if found, will
look much like it
The photograph at the lower right Is part of
what the excavators saw directly in front of them
when I hey broke through the door of the first
chamber. The spotted animal is a cow of gilt in
laid with ebony, one of the supports of a royal
ceremonial couch ; its head is emblematic of Hat
hor, the cow-headed goddess. IMled up under this
couch are boxes containing mummified food.
To the right is seen the foot of another couch,
the supports of which are lions. The big box in
front of it contains the king's underwear. To the
left is the head of a third couch, the supports be
ing a mythological animal of the underworld. Upon
this couch Is a large wooden casket, with white
panels, bearing the cartouches of the names of the
king and queen. Under this couch is the king's
chair or throne.
Under the same couch Is an ancient breach
tl1 rough the sealed doorway of an annex to this
first chamber Through this can be seen masses
of objects stacked up five feet high.
T^he four alabaster vases shown are piled up at
the head of the Hat-hor touch. They are of a de
sign never before found.
These articles are but part of those in this cham
ber. There Is apparently everything that a king
could use, from a silver boomerang for hunting to
chariots and personal jewelry. In Hie northeast
and northwest corners -are two enormous portrait
statues of Tut-Ankh-Amen.
Here is a mind's-eye diagram of Tut-Ankh
Amen's tomb, so far as it has been opened up:
The tomb is in the form of a T, with the entrance
at the small end, facing east. First twenty steps
down. Next an east and west passage 30 feet long.
Next a north and south room. 21 by 15 feet and 9
feet high. At the south end Is a second room, not'
yet opened. At the north end Is the room contain
ing the catafalque believed to hofd the mummy.
Off this last room is another, without a door, full
of miscellaneous artlclcn, including works cf art.
The catafalque, on which the attention of the
archeological world Is centered, gives every evi
dence of containing the mummy of Tut-Ankh
Amen. It is 16 feet by 12 and 12 feet high. It
practically fills the chamber. The-outfer case is
apparently cedar, elaborately ornamented both out
side and inside ; only an Egyptologist can describe
it. Heavy doors, which open a few inches, disclose
a second case, equally elaborate, which is fealed.
Between the two cases is a mass of jewelry, prin
cipally scarabs. A section of the wall will have to
be demolished to remove the several cases.
Perspective of Egyptian history: It should be
remembered that Egypt was old in Tut-Ankh*
Amen's time. Its continuous civilization date*
from about 8000 B. C. and Its written record begins
about 5000 B. C. The Sphiipc, hewn from the liv
ing rock for a purpose not Jet settled, is believed
to be older than 'he pyramids, which were built
ifKBZffHOl/Sp OJ^ROTOU, TXJZASimsJ^
London Time* ? New York Timea copyright by arrangement
with Earl of Carnarvon.
by the fourth dynasty kings (3998-3721 B. C.). The
fifteenth and sixteenth dynasties were the invading
shepherd kings from Syria, who fixed their cap!-'
tal in the Delta. The seventeenth dynasty shows
the rise of the Egyptian stock ruling at Thebes and
the expulsion of the Hyskos. Tut-Ankh-Amen's
time was the eighteenth dynasty (1587-1378 B. C.).
Menepthn, generally supposed to be the Pharaoh
of the Exodus, was the last of the nineteenth dy
nasty (1328-120? B. C.).
Tut-Ankh-Amen's dynasty was powerful, showy
and interesting. There were seven kings in this
order: Tahutmes IV, Amenhotep III, Akhenaten,
Rasmenkha, Tutankliapien, Ay, Horemheb. /These
are th* ordinary encyclopedia names. All sorts of
variations are fotyid, as each king had four names
and there are different readings of each. Amen
hotep III was possibly greatest of the seven; un
der him Egypt was 'practically mistress of the
world. Akh-n-aton (Amenhotep IV, 1375-1358 B.
C.), was the famous "Heretic King." Rasmenkha
was a nobody who married a daughter of Akh-n
aton and ruled for a few months only. Tut-Ankh
Amen apparently ruled for about eight years and
died young.
Tut-Ankh-Amen is interesting almost entirely be
cause of his connection with Akh-n-aton and his
tomb has been persistently sought in the hope of in
formation about the ''Heretic King." For Akh-n
aton, the "Boy Pharaoh," Is the first man in re
corded history who rejected polytheism and de
clared for onegodv He defied the arrogant priest
hood of Amon and announced an invisible Father |
of mankind, the "Lord of love," the "Comforter ',
of them that weep." He abandoned Thebes and :
built a splendid new capital atTel-el-Amarna, with
a temple dedicated to "Aton," his new god. Icono
clast and dreamer, he condemned conventional -art j
and ordered the representation of things as they:
appeared to the eye, refused to make war. His j
city wn^s a sort of ancient Utopia. Unfortunately >
he died at twenty-eight, leaving only daughters.
His mummy was found in 1907 by Carter, but the
tomb had been completely rifled.
Tut-Ankh-Amen married a daughter of Akh-n*
aton and at first accepted, his father-in-law's re-1
ligiou, calling himself Tut-Ankh-Aton. But he
found Egypt nearly bankrupt and failing in power.
So he changed his name, abandoned the new capi
tal, went back to Thebes, restored the priests of
Amon with Increased power artd prospered exceed-'
Ingly. Does his tomb contain hieroglyphics or
papyri relating to all this?
The jTocess of mummifying the dead was a vt-l
tal factor In the Egyptian religion; on Its success'
depended existence In the next world. Embalm
ing was therefore a sacred art and for 30 centuries,
the Egyptians sought to improve It. As they Im
proved the art they improved their tombs. MuB^
mies were first buried in the sand and protected!
by rockwork. Early kings built themselves pyra
mids. Later kings cut Into the^ solid rock. % The
most Important work In Egyptian literature is the
"Book of the Dead." This ritual was the guide
In the next world and In whole or In part wfis* de
posited tilth every mummy. It shows that at one
stage of the journey in the next world the shade'
must re-enter his body. Hence the need for suc
cessful embalming, aj> impenetrable tomb and a
storehouse* full of necessities.
The Intrinsic value of the articles in the first
room has been estimated at about $15,000,000. This
leaves the contents of the two annex Yooms and
of the catafalque to be reckoned with, wltli the
possibility of other chambers. Lord Carnarvon es
timates the $15,000,000, to represent "about one
fourth of what la now la sight.". The market
value on the curio basis can only be gne? ed.
> < t- ' ^
ON BOOKS FOB TAX
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ASSESSORS GIVEN SPEC I Fig IN
~ ? ?* (i
i AC1'
SESSMENT feOARO.
STRUCTIONS STATE A$r
MUST BE COMPLETED BY JULY
h * .. '
Tax Assessors Have Been Named in
i A# Counties of State and Wig Be-t
flin Worfc First of May.
Restriction of the equalizing powers
of county commissioners as to real
estate and strict instructions to verify
statements of taxpayers as to personal
property feature instructions to tax
assessors which have been prepared
by the State Board of Assessment.
The board is composed of R. A. Dough
ton, Commissioner of Revenue; J. S.
Manning, Attorney General; and W. T.
Lee, chairman of the Corporation Com
mission. Tax assessors have. been
named in all of the counties of the
State and will- begfo^ their work on
May 1.3 Before that date instructions'
will be mailed them from the offices
of Commissioner^Doughton. The work
of assessment must be completed not
later tt an July 1.
The several boards of county com
missioners have been made boards
of Equalization and Review by the
General Assembly and empowered to
meet in that capacity each July. '
Concerning the equalization pow
ers of the board of commissioners the
letter of instructions says:
"As to real this equilization can
be had only on years in which lands
are valued for taxation, except when
such valuation shall have been ef
fected by some extraordinary circum
stances, the* facts in connection with'
which shall be found by such board in
each case."
. Under tfife interpretation placed
upon the law by Commissioner tDough
ton, the counties which have declared
present values just and a reassess
ment unnecessary are in the same po
sition as in years wlien the question
of valuation has not arisen and while
the county commissioners will sit as a
board of equalization they will be lim
ited to cases with "extraordinary cir
cumstances." i
"Get it all on the books and don'ti
take anybody's" word for wh*t it isi
worth is the substance of the instruc
tions in regard to listing personal
property.
"It is customary to ask the tax
payer to give the value of personal
property but this is merely for what
it may be worth as information and
4?es not relieve the officer from, mak
ing a proper valuation," reads the in
structions.
Special attention is called in the
letter to intangible property which
may be concealed and assessors are
cautioned to secure the listing of all
solvent credits including those ^of
domestic and foreign corporations.
The personal property exemption of
$300 has been continued despite the
protest of legislators from Eastern
counties but assessors ar^ warned that
this exemption includes only certain -
classes of property such as household
and kitchen furniture, growing crops, '
etc.
Attention is called in the letter to
the drastic penalties for milling false
or incomplete tax returns and the as
sessors are urged to see that all prop
erty, by whomever owned, is put on
the books.
Low Bids on Projects $3,670.20.
One hundred ' and fifty-eight con
tractors submitted bids on 2 road and
bridge projects offered by the State
Highway Commiss!on aggregating $3,
570<238.20, breaking the record for the
year and coming within one letting of
setting up an entirely new mark' for
aggregate bids on a single day's let
ting since roads began to be offered in
wholesale quantity two years ago.
Withdrawei of several major pro
jects of hard surfacing on account of
the serious shortage of cement cut
down the original mileage advertised
for letting to approximately 150 miles
of new construction. About 9d miles
of bard surface and 60 miles of other
types were included, with grading and
bridges on projects that were With
drawn for immediate hard :surtacing.
Four major projects went beyond
the three^ hundred thousand dollar
m&rk in the^ bidding, they being the
New Befn end pf the Central High
way, a link of the W. C. A, Highway
near Wilmington, the Wilson-Greene
county line road and .the Waynes
vt lie-Canton link of the Central high
way. No Contracts have been awarded,
and it is likely that a number will be
withdraw^ because of unsatisfactory
?^es;
? ?
New Corporations.
Charters were filed with the Secre
tary of . State for the following corpor*
ations. to do business in North Caro
'?Ma:
' Kenilworth Riding Acadengy, of
Ashevflle< ywith $100,000 authorized
| capital and $3,600. subscribed >by J. M.
Chiles, Ben Chiles, and* W. C. Adicks,
all of AsheYUle. ,
Ivey Really Company, of Charlotte,
with $600,000 authorized capital and
$300 subscribed by J. B. Ivey, George
M. Ivey and David Ovens, all of Char*
totte.
I
Seek To Think up Short L ne
Rule One of the tanu r.
of the State Corporation c?m NH
is invoked against the East (v"111?
Railroad and the contention th^1?
Atlantic Coast Una has r <l!B
in its ebarter whereby it I; 'NB
it# "property /-to individuals
in a supplemental brief fije(j J1?
fctate Traffic Association in it8 * ?
t& Jiavei subsidiary short lines
ftd a. ***$;<>? the parent ,ys|
pJacte^Qjptt^same rate basi8
b The*5**e fcaa^een pandin- for ?
tbaa a- year, extend, ,i ^ ^
the East Caroii^J
road, the Virginia & Carolina
em, the -Washington and \and^
a?<k others were held. No deci^jB
has been handed down by the r^B
Mission in either of the < ases end^B
The argument submitted in the tmfl
by J. S. Griffin, probably m^ngj
re-opening of the cases and JjB
time may yet elapse befon an n^l
18 made. . "*?
Under the contention of Un? Tra*|
Association, the short lin?> r:tiiroa/l
which charge a higher fr-ii'ht
than is allowed on the mam i!nP r?l
roads, are actually own<-d by t^,.
rent lines, and farmed out f
41 ** *
to enable them to charm: ;i jjj , *
freight rate. The comply inants 4,
manded that the lines b-> briar^
part of the parent lines, and ihroJ
tariffs ordered into effect.
I - In: the ? case of the Kast Carol
Railroad, no denial was in^i- of tin
fact that ~the Atlantic Coast iJ!
owns all of its $55,000 capital stock
and all of its $300, 000 out^ancjjj.
bonds except $5,000. A separav C01>
pany from ^th'e Atlantic Y<a*t I >?
leases the property, some :,ti mil^ -J
length, and operates as an indivi^
property,, charging the fr. ieht rat.,
"allowed $hort lines. Hi-nry Ciart
Bridgers, of Tarboro, is iir?-?siij? ni c,
the company.
Judge Pells statement during ti?
hearing that "I think any court wouii
take judicial notice that any man *l0
owns anything has the management
and control of it, is quoted in th<- ar
gument, along with Rule No. 1 which
declares that "all connecting railroadi
.which are under the same manago
ment -and control, by leas*', owner
ship, or otherwise, of one and the see
company for the purpose of transport
tion in applying this tariff, be m
sidered as one and the same road,
and the rates shall be computed aj
upon parts of one and the <ame roa!,
unless otherwise specified.
The contention is made that do
specification is made in the rates cl
the Atlantic Coast Line railroad, cr
kthe East Carolina Railroad.
Nothing in the charter of either tie
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad or of the
East Carolina Railroad gives the right
to lease its property either as a cor
poration or as an individual. The
United States Supreme court is pot
ed to the effect that a "lease by i
railroad company of aH of its road,
rolling stock and franchises for which
no authority is given in its ( barter j
ultra vires and void.'' The brief doses
with the contention that ruin No. 1
be applied.
Grissom Collects $14,000,000 in March.
? Approximately $14,000,000 was col
lected in March by the United Statu
Internal Revenue Department, bring
ing the total for the nine months of
the present fiscal year to $101.000.00v,
as compared with $91,125,482.89 tor
the same period last year, Gilliam
Grissom; collector, announced. Mr.
Grissom /made public the following
table of collections for the two
periods :
Present fiscal year: July, 1922.
089,418.63; August, 1922, $1,075,285.29,
September, 1922, $15,709,5$4.S4; (Mo
a, 1322, $8,18,323.12; riovember. 192! 1
$8,610,935.85; December, 1922. $9.011, ?
837.72; January, 1923,- $12,102,152.73;
February, 1923, >10,113,500.40; March,
19S3, $4,000,000 (approximate.)
Last fiscal year: July, 1921, $S, 220,
513.07; ^ugust, 1921, $10,762,990.45;
September, 1921, $16,164,34*14: Octo
ber,. 1921, $9, 808,308.40; November,
1921, 8,499,233.73; Devember, V.CI
$11,962,422.99; January, 1922. T.56S,
2g>.98; February, 1922, $6,614,156.54;
March, 1922, $11,525,228.59 (exactf.
Allen to Head Training School.
A. T. Allen, for the past five year!
director of the work of teacher train
ing undeT the State Department of
Education, has accepted the presiden
cy of the Cullowhee Normal school,
in Jackson county, according to an
nouncement made by State Superb*
tendent E. C. Brooks. Mr. Allen will
assume control of the school July !?
His successor in the department *"H'
, not be named for the present.
Under recent acts of the General
Assembly $375,000 was appropriated
for the expansion of the equipni^1
of the school and under the inar.af-'e*
jnent of President Allen the capacity
of the school, which has been raided
to the grade of a standard normal
school will be practically daubini.
Building operations have alread> beeO
outlined by the Board of Trustees
a recent meeting.
Fourteen Millions in Revenue.
Approximately $14,000,000 was <"1*
lected in March by the United Stat*1
internal revenue department, brib
ing the total for the nine months of
the present fiscal year to $101,00'.!"^
as compared with $91,125,482.80 W
the same period last year, GiH'arn
Grissom, collector, announced.
The state has collected $2,7000^
in in^pme ta* to date, the figure show
ing a Substantial increase over last
drears receipts. The amount, ho*'
qrer, still is below the budget co?*
mission's estimate of $3,500,000.