Lithuanians Now in Full Control of Memel ifS pi vs IfNTER NATION Unj.^trs of the Lithuanian volunteer army, led by Commander Budry, as they entered the Memel district ?lously declared a free state by the League bf Nations council, Memel was not Independent very long when th^ i^n'iins entered and seized control. William Falck, whose portrait is shown above, has been appointed chiel lie-Man's Job to I Climb Everest ?>mber of Former Expeditions Tells of Difficulties Involved in Reaching Top. vew York.? "Why did you want to [nib Mount Everest?" This question is asked of George Leigh Mallory, jio was with both expeditions toward summit of the world's highest fountain, in 1921 and 1922, and who now in New York. He plans to go ki:i in 1WM. and he gave as the ren in for persisting In these repeated (tempts to reach the top, "Because f 8 there." But hndn't the expedition valuable ^entitle results?" "Yes. The first expedition made a ^ologionl survey that was very valu |ble. and both expeditions made ob lations aad collected specimens, Ioth iier>logical and botanical. The eoiogists want a stone from the top f Everest. That will decide whether . is the top or the bottom of a fold. 3ut these things are by-products. Do fou think Shackleton went to the South pole to make scientific observa Jons? He used the observations he lid make to help finance the next trip, lometlmes science is the excuse for exploration. 1 think it is rarely the reason. "Everest Is the highest mountain in the world, and no man has reached its (summit. Its existence Is a challenge. |r?,e answer is Instinctive, a part, I suppose* of man's desire to conquer the universe." Tins is pure romance, call it what Seise you will, and every man recognizes its t??uch. It leads Into jungles and over deep waters and up through the hitrh. thin reaches of the air. Its glam orous trail goes through the doors of moving picture houses and up one (flight to the chop suey restaurant. It is inherent In the "dares" of child hood. It makes the timid boy dive from the pierhead, and It sent the Brit ish Royal Geographical society's and the Alpine club's expedition nearer the sky than any man had climbed before without taking unto himself wing^ 1,700 Feet Yet to Go. The first expedition sent out by the R'l.vul ( ieogrnphical society and the Al pine club cost ?0,000 and only got as h! 'so for the porters, who were to carry r(|uipment necessary to make the :'r\r ramp, in all, the expedition car ? ,(1 something over twenty tons of 'piipment, baggage and stores. Pack :>nlmals, mostly yaks, were used across rf>e plain and up the slopes as far as 'he glacier. Beyond that point the work was done by fifty porters, men from the native state of Nepal, whose sphmdid strength and endurance hold "W the hope of establishing camp at a -tit greater height. Must Be Perfect Physically. Other things besides time, money and ?*xe?mtlve ability were demanded of the expedition; the utmost quality of climbers, for Instance. Perfect physical condition 1s, of course, essen tial, for under the most favorable con dit'oDK the Ptraln of effort In those aw ful altitudes Is such that normal fitness Is not regained for months after the ordeal. Good heart and lungs are the most important prerequisites. Even perfect organs would not avail without long mountaineering experience. The men were picked on their Alpine rec ords, not so much on the written record of so many feet climbed In so many hours as on the reputations that grow up through the gos9lp of mountaineers : That so-and-so is a fearful fellow to keep up with, that another Is fast and sure and never tires. They had need for every bit of their skill, experience ai.d strength In this strug^e. Perpendicular travel is slow at best, but on the higher slopes of Everest it slowed down to 330 feet an hour ? about the length of a short city block, the distance that a good runner can make in ten seconds. Twenty-nine thousand feet of that is no week-end sport. For Instance, no mountaineer experi ences vertigo. He wouldn't be one long If he did. The reason the untrained mortal feels dizzy on the brink of a thousand-foot drop is that his eyes find nothing to rest on. The mountaineer's eye is trained to vast spaces all about, and particularly beneath him. There Is rarely a vertical' wall to be climbed. Almost always there Is a slight slope, and here a few degrees mean every thing to the eye. Mr. Mallory says that personally he can use with equa nimity at the sky end of a few thousand feet of cliff ?r Ice wall any footing that would serve him on lower levels. A Useful Hint. Here Is a useful hint fqr Incipient mountaineers upon conduct during an avalanche, or rather In ail avalanche. If It is o? rocks and Ice, the affair must be left almost entirely to the avalanche Itself. Its constituent parts bounce. You are all right unless you conflict with a trajectory. There is little chance of dodging. Snow Is another matter. Its tendency irf to pull you under and crush or suffocate you. The point of endeavor Is to stay on the sur face and to keep your arms up above your head. In the avalai\che which killed seven porters and halted his own attempt to reach the summit, Mr. Mal lory found himself "swimming on his back." At the end Lh?? snow packed In such a way as to pus!i him and others to the surface, Instead of dragging them down. "It's easy enough to breathe," he ex plained, "and while you keep perfectly still you feel all right. But when you try to move, you have a bad time get ting started. Then you have to pump so hard to keep going that you wear yourself out. When I came back from the expedition, the muscles of my diaphragm were tremendously devel oped just from breathing." (N. B. Why wouldn't breathing rarefied air be splendid training for opera singers?) Oxygen, Inhaled In small doses, will keep you from freezing to death. This fact a part of the expedition discovered during one night spent 25,500 feet above sea level, In the grip of a furious storm. TJhe insane wind threatened every minute to ^weep them and theli tiny tent off the slope, and the cold gripped them with fatal creeping numb ness, In spite of their heavy woolen clothing, wlndproofed and electrically heated. Hot drinks were impossible, because the water boiled at such a ridiculously low temperature. Alcohol was a dangerous stimulant, from the point of view of altitude, not morals. Oxygen was the last chance and the first whiffs brought the tingle of re turning life. "Climbing In the Alps," said Mr. Mal lory," is wonderfully exhilarating, but scientists say that, above 18,000 feet, altitude is physically and mentally de pressing. Your perceptions are all slowed down. For Instance, toward the end we were making only 330 feet an hour. In the Alps we would have been going at four times that rate, yet I didn't realize that we were climbing slowly." Depend! on Oxygen. Hope of ultimately reaching the very to^) of Everest depends largely on the Increased use of oxygen and the estab lishment of a camp at 27,000 feet. One scientist told Mr. Mallory that they should remain at that altitude for as many as five days, since acclimatiza tion would greatly lessen the strain of exertion. The chief obstacles to this scheme are that every day of good weather must be used, and the diffi culty of finding a possible camping place. % There are no levels or adequate shelters. This makes It almost Impos sible to sleep and very hard to secure a tent. Some one has suggested that they blast a shelter out of the moun tain side. If a returned explorer Is properly polite and becomingly modest, his man ner will give you the Impression that he has done nothing that any earnest and industrious young man might not get up and do. For instance, Mr. Mal lory will tell you that his real job is teaching English literature and history at the Charterhodse school for boys. He was In the habit of spending every August in the Alps, and when he was asked to go with the Everest expedi tion, he thought he'd do it "for a change." His chief interest is in writ ing, and he had a book on Boswell pub lished a few years ago. He could tell you a lot about Boswell If you weren't so obviously Interested In mountains. Be not beguiled, O, armchair ex plorer! Stick to the comparative se curity of your subway strap. For this quiet young man's casual commeat raises the ghost of such a /tremendous adventure as the fireside mind can scarce donceive; of crawling along knife-edges In the teethj of a bitter wind; of chopping footholds up the f^ce of a wall of Ice; of moving on where each step may very reasonably be expected to be the last, and yet tak ing that step, and the next, and the next after that ; of pushing up and up In spite of frozen fingers and toes, in spite of laboring heart and bursting lungs, until death Is certain just ahead, and then turning back just as steadily, to wait for the next opportunity. Photograph shows a general view of St. Anne's Episcopal church at One Hundred Forty-first street and St. Anne's avenue, the Bronx, New York, which Is said to be the resting place of Pocahontas, the Indian maiden who saved the life of Capt. John Smith. It was believed that the body of the Indian girl * as taken to England and burled there. A research party was to have sailed for England shortly in an effort to locate the grave, but it recently became known that the body had been Brought back to New York, and buried in the graveyard of St. Anne's church, which was built originally by Governor Morris, one of tha earliest executives of New York. The body is said to rest la a vault In the graveyard. MUCH HRE LOSS - MORE THAN HALF MILLION DOU LARS WORTH OF PROPERTY DESTROYED. 125 WERE DWELLING FIRES Largest Single Lots Waa That of Fur niture Plant at Lexington, $100,000. Raleigh. Property to the value of $674,671 was destroyed by fire In North Caro lina during March as compared with a property damage of $476,452 for March of last year, according to the report of Stacey W. Wade, Insurance Commissioner. This does not include the loss from forest fires which, in the opinion of the Insurance Commission er, will duplicate the figures of dam age to buildings and contents during the month. ' On the total March loss for North Carolina, the property immediately at risk aggregated $3,775,251 with total insurance of $2,669,125. Of the 204 fires during March in which the loss reached $5,000 or more, there were 20 with a total of $544,135 leaving a loss for the entire other 184 of only $130,566. The largest single loss was that of furniture plant at Lexington, $100,000. Other large sin gle losses weer at Raleigh, supply stere, $63,000; Wadesboro, garage and contents, -60,000; Charlotte, store, $53, 000; Asheville, garage, $46,000; Greenville, planing mill and lumbar, $45,000; Statesville, business building, $23,000. ' There were 125 dwelling fires, with total damage of $178,546, valued at $668,955, and insured for $362,916. Among the other classes of prop erty involved were 15 stores, 11 indus trial plants, 8 garages, 5 schools and 5 warehouses. " Of the cause of fires, the principal were, defective flues and shingle roofs, 95; unknown 40; gasoline ignition, 6; oil stove explosions Unsual for the time of the year were two fires re ported from lighting in March. , , According to Commissioner Wade's estimate of the value as well as in terest of the fire record for the month of March, follows: Asheville: 17 fires, $453,650 at risk, $200,750 insurance! $49,752 loss. Charlotte: 17 fires, $276,800 at risk, $196,450 insurance; $59,752 loss. Durham: 10 ,res. $37,750 a^ risk, $27,550 insurance; $15,265 loss. Fayetteville: 7 fires, $30,725 at risk, 11,250 insurance; $60 loss. Greensboro: 8 fires, $120,400 at risk, $27,300 insurance; $10,330 loss. High Point: 4 fires, $35,700 at risk, $16,800 insurance; $31,710 loss. Raleigh: 11 fires, $101,600 at risk, $20,500 insurance; $65 935 loss. Rocky. Mount: 10 fires, ? $347,225 a^ risk, $19,150 insurance; $935 loss. Winston-Salem: 11 fires, $38,025 at risk, $18,300 insurance; $4,070 loss. Tarboro: 3 fires, $86,950 at risk, $12,450 insurance; $1,120 loss. Albemarle: 3 fires, $21,000 at risk, $19,600 insurance; $5,215 loss. ( Lumberton: 4 fires, $8,250 at risk, $2,800 insurance; $1,375 loss. Reidsville: 3 fires, $7,650 at risk, $3,600 insurance; $4,275 loss. Wilmington: 16 fires, $307,250 at risk, $240,350 insurance; $16,625 loss. Total: 128 fires, $2,992,475 at risk; $2 102,350 insurance; $268,752 loss. All other towns 44 fires; $485,450 at risk, $372,025 insurance; $270,612 loss. Rural and suburban: 23 fires; $136, 600 at risk; $68,000 insurance; $103, 180 loss. Grand total: 204 fires; $3,775,251 at risk; $2,669,123 insurance; $674,671 loss. I Highway Confmission Meets. The state highway comission ?straightened out one of its most deli cate tangles when it agreed on the construction of about 60 miles of road way In the v mountains. Disagree ments among the commissioners cen tering on the proposal to construct a highway from Marion through Little Switzerland resulting in compromises at the meeting that will build the Marion-Little Switzerland road, a highway from Marion to Micaville and put seven miles of hard-surfaoa above Old Fort to connect with the Bun combe county line. The present route of the Marion Little Switzerland highway, some 2 J. miles will be used instead of a new route proposed by advocates who had been pressing this territory's claim be fore the commission. The highway commission will expend $75,000 on ita construction. National Guard's Strength, 2,520. The North Carolina National Guard has reached a strength of 2,520 offi cers and enlisted personnel, the Ad jutant General's office announced. This is the greatest strength of the ?*uard since the war and represents all save a small per cent of the fall strength allotted to this state. Several new organizations, in wait lug for recognition, are not Included in the statement of strength and all over the state recruiting campaigns are in progress preparatory to the summer encampment!. Parker Reports Peach Shortage. "The "most conspicuous agricultural condition right now is the shortage ia the peach crop of the whole stated even the ' Sandhills probably will not make as much crop as has been ex pected. ? Other early blooming fruit was seriously damaged also. How ever, applies may make a fair crop." This is the introduction to the offi cial March crop report issued by Frank Parkef, satistician, of Federal and North Carolina Deparment of Ag riculture. "The wheat crop for the stats shows a condition of 8$ per, cent of the full crop, which is eight per cent; below the condition of a year ago, but five per cent above the condition in December," the report continues. "The price 1.46 pe? bushel is only six cents less than a year ago. The gen eral growth and stand of the crop is good, the eold weather not having damaged it The acreage is less than for the previous crop. "The oat crop is much the same as with wheat^ showing the condition of 89 per cent wtih good stands and growth. Rye also has the same con dition and trends aa the oat crop. The winter clover shows an 88 per cent condition, which indicates a good supply of both seed and hay for the early summer. This being the first ' iquiry at this season, no com "The prospective supply of pork may be had from jthe % number of breeding bows compared with a year agor This shows four per cent in crease for the state and six per cent for the nation. According to the re port the present number of produc tive swine is slightly above the usual. "The farm conditions show a trend toward better wages than a year ago. This can be accounted for by a tea per cent shortage in the supply as compared with a year ago, while the demand for farm labor at current wages shows an equivalent need as compared with a year ago. "The spring and summer supply of eggs and frys will be same as last year and perhaps slightly more than the usual, according to reports re* ceived from all parts of the stats. Our supply of milk also will be larger as the number of milk cows show a three per cent increase. "The season is late as shown by the five, hundred^ reports representing all counties, which show that there is perhaps twenty per cent less acreags plowed to April 1 than was the case a year ago and also with the usual year. The effect of tenants is reflect ed by the two per cent decrease in plow land to be cultivated this year, because of the reported ten per cent decrease in land worked by tenants and croppers. "The weather conditions show that the ccfld periods of March did con siderable damage to the early truck and fruit but perhaps helped the soil and winter crops. The boll weevil has many farmers scared, but ap parently not enough to prevent ! in creases in the cotton acreages in most counties of the State. The favorable price of tobacco and cotton is; the cause.*' figures .are available. i May First Declared "Bundle Day." May 1 has meen declared "Bundle Day" In North Carolina and the peo ple of the Tar Heel state are asked to send all of their cast-off winter cloth ing to the Neal East Relief, In a proc lamation Issued by Governor Morri? son. Dr. E. C. Brooks, sate superintend ent of public Instruction, is state chairman this, year for the clothing campaign of this great humanitarian organization. Most counties of the state have completed their financial campaigns to feed the unformnates In the oldest Christian nation in the world and the people are now asked to send in winter clothing which they are casting off. Dr. Brooks points out that every complete suit of warm clothing in which there is still some wear will save a human life. Straw hats and ( cotton goods or summer clothing can not be used. Last Winter, in spite of the generosity of American people, many froze to death or suffered from Wute rheumatism or pneumonia. Clothing should be sent to the local Near East Relief chairman or to the Near East Relief clothing warehouse ' in Raleigh. Parcel post shipments in i sacs is preferred but clothing can be shipped by freight it most convenient to the shipper. i ft Joslin New Purchasing Agent. H. V. Joslin, for the past two years Assistant to the Chairman of the j State Highway Commission, has been made purchasing agent of the Com mission to succeed W. S. Pallia, trans ferred to other work with the Com mission, and L. R. Ames, assistant to Charles M. Upham, chief engineer oi the commission, to become asslstanl to the Chairman under arrangements put into effect. Appoints Members of oBards. Several applontments of members on various boards of directors in the State were announced by Governor Morrison. Mrs. I. P. Jeter, of Morganton, is appointed member of the board of the North Carolina School for the Deaf, while Mrs. A. C. Miller, of Shel by, is reappointed to membership on the same board. James P. Stowe, of Charlotte, /was appointed to the State Board of Health to fill the unexpired term of Charles B. Waddell, of AshevlUe. SLACKEN OF RECENT HG MORE CAUTIOUS TONE APPAR. ENT IN FINANCIAL AND COM. MERCIAL CIRCLES. PRODUCTION IS G0IN6 ON Government's Move In Sugar Invests gation Had an Unfavorable Effect ? on Market * \ New York. ? With recent buying movements showing further signs of slackening, a somewhat more cau tious tone was apparent in financial and commercial circles during the past ^eek. This was attributed part ly to the fact that consumers are now covering for some time ahead and partly t othe passing of special de mands occasioned by the spring sea son. It also seem to be the news that the numerous wage Increases have had a sobering effect In some quarters. In any event, the change in sentiment?was due not to apprehen sions lest the business revival may have reached it peak but to misgivings lest the advance in prices and cost la in danger of being overdone. A specific unsettling factor in the commodity markets was the attorney general's petition for an injunction to restrain trading in sugar futures at New York. In this petition the attor ney general takes the ground that the rise in the price of raw sugar which has taken place since February 1, has had no economic juctiflcation and that it has resulted from a combination and conspiracy by the sugar ex change, its officers and members and their clients or principals. In rebut tal the trade maintains that the rise In prices has occurred in response to growing indications of a smaller Cu ban crop, and points to the fact that the Himely estimate, which is empha sibed in the attorney general's peti tion, was reduced from 4,102,857 tons to 3,750,000 tons. Whatever the merits of the case may be, it is clear that the petition exercised an unfavorable effect on sentiment in commodity markets. Sugar futures reacted sharply and then steadied, the spot commodity meanwhile eafeing slightly and then recovering to the previous high price, thus reflecting the opinion held by refiners that lower prices are not like ly to prevail. Cotton meanwhile turned distinctively heavy, the May delivery losing about 1 3-4 cents and closing the week only slightly above 27 cents. Wheat prices also reacted after recent strength. While both of these commodities moved partly in relation to factors peculiar to them selves, such as weather conditions it was believed in most quarters that the government's theory in the sugar matter had unsettled sentiment. It was also felt, however, that this par ticular action was not to be accepted as setting up a principle to be fol lowed in the case of the other ex changes. Kaiser is Victim of Brain Storms. London. ? Former Kaiser Wllhelm, one time war lord and ruler of a powerful nation is suffering from "brain storms," in his refuge of exile In Holland, said a Doom dispatch to The Daily Mail. Reports were recently printed in European and American newspapers that both the Former Emperor and the former German Crown Prince were failing mentally. "Ex-Kaiser Wilhelm is not mad, but he is morbid," said the "Dooran dispatch to The Daily Mail. "An old abscess in the Inn*r part of his ear Is causing deafness and brain storms. The attending physi cians are worried. "Wilhelm underwent a rejuvenat ing course of treatment, but the ef fect is wearing off. He has morbid intervals and spends much time por ing ov?r the Bible. His health is fail ing rapidly. "The Crown Prince is mentally all right, but is bored to distraction in his lonely home on Wieringen Island." Youth Run Over and Killed. Wlnston-Sa^em. ? The five year old son of "Razz" Leight, farmer of the Walkertown section, near here, was instantly killed when run over by an automobile. A coupe with two men dashed by, swerved to the side of the road where the child was playing crushing him fatally. The car did not stop, and as yet the police have not ascertained the name of the driver. Overlooked Effective Weapons. Washington. ? Germany while in troducing poison gas and other de vices to add to the horrors of the World war overlooked one of the , most effective weapons of modern warfare invented and patented by a German two years before the conflict began. A search of the records of the American patent office lias disclosed it was announced by the interior do partment, that the armored tank, flis* used in the war by the British. ^