Seeks Riches .of
Klondike' Miner
* ? N. ? ;
A
Daughter of George W. Carmack
by Tribal Marriage Fights
foe His Wealth.
St. Louis. ? When George Washing
ton Carmack, trapper, packer, pros
pector and adveuturer, discovered the
Klondike, Kate Mason, Tngish squaw,
known as Mrs. Curiuack^ was the
sharer of his joys and sorrows.
Sfre' Went trapping with him, pack
ing their belongings on hei back. .. She
ttoiled by bis 6ide as a burden bearer.
She lived with him in cabin and tent
and on the trail. It was pot luck with
them. Sometimes they had enough to
eat, sometimes not.
The child she bore him for a sharer
of their hardships and privations.
The day in 1890 when Carmack, pros
pecting up Rabbit creek and down
Bonunza creek, found gold, the wom
an and child were waiting for him at
the mouth of the Klondike.
When fortune made the pathfinder
forgetful of the past he put away the
Indian mother of his child and es
poused a woman of his own race.
Curnfack is dead and the Taglsh
woman is dead. But the child of the
white man and squuw is fighting today
for the good name of her mother and
for a daughter's share in the Klon
fl'ker's estate.
Yhe? question which the courts of
Washington state are called upon to
answer is whether there was a cere
mony which made Kate Mason, daugh
ter of a former chief of th* Taglsh
tribe, the wife of the white man.
Proof of a ceremony Is lacking.
Estate Valued at $500,000.
There is no lack of proof 'that the
Indian woman, with Carmack's full
cognizance, was reccgnized as his
wife, and that he acknowledged him
self as the father of her child, but In
after years he swore that she had
never been anything but his "klootch."
Besides the good name of her moth
er, Mrs. Graphie Carmack Saftlg, the
daughter, stands to win all of the es
tate, valued at one-half million dol
lars. If the courts decide that ear
mark wn9 married to the Indian wom
an, Mrs. Sattig will be the only heir.
Falling to establish a ceremonial mar
riage, Mrs. Saftlg may still win half
of the estate.
Carmack, born In California, was
twenty-five years old, when in 18&5,
he started to the Yukon over the Dyea
trail. The following spring he es- ,
tabllshed the Kealy trading post at
Dyea. It was there that he met Kate
Mason. She was twenty and pretty.
There was no young white woman In
all that region to be the wife of the
trading post man. So it was quite
the natural thing, the mating of
George Carmack and Kate Mason.
Of the marriage ceremony, if there
was one, there is no record, and no
living witness has been found.
Discovered the Klondike.
In the fall of 1892 he went to Fort
Selkirk. n the dead of winter, Jan
uary 11, 1893, the. child was born.
When Cariuack, with Taglsh Charley
and Skookura Jim, brothers of the
woman, as companions, went prospect
ing, he left the woman and child where
they could have shelter and the
?meager comforts which native village
or trading posts afforded.
Carmack spent the early part of the
summer of 1893 salmon fishing at the
mouth of the Klondike. In August he
and Skookum Jim went prospecting
up the north bank as far as Dominion
river. On Bonanza creek, beside an
old birch tree, on the edge of the rim
rock, he found a sprinkling of gold,
washed there by the running water.
And that was the discovery of what
cam to be known as "the Klondike."
They staked tbelrr claims, one for
Carmack, one for Skookum Jim and ;
one for Tagish Charley. I
The woman and child joined Car
mack on Bonanza and the woman
helped him as he gleaned his gold, and
helped him carry It to the safe at
Heiily's trading post.
He "came out" in the fall of 1898
with between $200,000 and $300,000 of
gold. He brought the woman and
child along to Seattle and from Seat
tle went to Holllster, Cal., where the
three lived with his sister, Mrs Hose
Curtis.
In the spring of 1899 Carm.u k re
turned to the Klondike, leaving the
woman and child at the home of his
sister. In June at Dawson City he
met Mrs. Marguerite Lalmee. She
was a large woman, handsone, ac
cording to Yukon srtandards, and wa|
admired by the men who cam** from
the diggings eager to lavish their gold
for the refinements of civilization
which Dawson City offered. She sold
them cigars and tobacco and it 'may
well be believed, as she says, that they
were lavish In payment, spilling their
dust on the counter and not bothering
to brush It back Into their pouches.
She mentions this detail of her busi
ness career at Dawson by way of off
setting the claim that her present af
fluence was derived altogether from
Carmack.
The two came out together In 1900
and went to San Francisco. Carmack
wrote to his sister from there that he
had lost hlj affection for Kate and
would not have anything more to do
with her. Kate sued for divorce, but
withdrew the action when she learned
that Carmack and Marguerite Lalmee
had been married at Olympla In Octo
ber, 1900, and sued for separate main
tenance. Nothing seems to have come
of this litigation.
Java Had First
Puppet Theater
Antedates History and Was Part
of Early Ritual of Ancestor
Worship.
New York. ? At this time, when a
renaissance of marionettes has taken
place amon^ Western people. It may
be of interest to tell about the Eastern
island \vhi<jh, many centuries ago. was
the cradle of this art. Further back
than recorded history this form of?
(frama existed in Java. The "vayang."
or theater, of the Javanese includes
nil other arts as well ; they have al
most no painting or sculpture, except
the carving and painting Of their
marionette puppets, for the ancient
temple-sculptjure of Java is of Hindu,
ami not Javanese, origin, writes Tyra
De Kleen in the Christian Science
Monitor.
In architecture the only thing pecu
liar to Java is the "pendoppo," an
open pillared hall with a sloping roof,
which may have one or two walls or
none at all. Its purpose is for "vay
ang" performances.
Javanese llterati^re consists mainly
of the books from which the subjects
of the vayang plays are taken.
Javanese music is the "gamelnn,"
an orchestra of various instruments,
which accompanies vayang.
Origin in Shadow Figures.
While the Western theater has a
naturalistic origin, having started
from real life, which It is meant to
depict, the Javanese vayang originated
with' unreal shadow figures, which
were, superseded by more humanlike
puppets and 'finally developed Into per
formances with living actors.
The most ancient form of vayang is I
Memorial to Betsy Ross, Flag-Maker
A memorial to Betsy Rt>ss, raHkc* of the first American flag, was, dedicated
in Phil&&^pM& frith flttJrig 'cWfe&flnles. Photogtffph shows Mrs. Blanche Bel
Ufc, star war mother, placing a 'dag on the grave In Mt. Moriah cemetery
where the memorial was put up.
Dorothy Stahl won a section of land,
30 head of steers and $500 in a beauty
contest at Dallas, Tex., and now sbe'i
taking a trip round the world on the
Panama-Pacific liner Kroonland. U|>on
arrival at San Francisco she chal
lenged any California beauty to equal
or excel her symmetry, which In terms
of numerals was announced as fol
lows: Weight, 137 pounds; height, 5
feet 5 inches; bust, 36 Inches; waist,
26^4 inches ; neck, 12% Inches ; bleeps,
11 inches; thigh, 23 inches; calf, 14ft
Inches; ankle, 8 Inches.
Fuel of Ancient Rome.
The fuel of the ancient Romans was
almost exclusively charcoal. This was
burned In open pans, without grate
or flue, and guve economical heat for
living rooms and baths.
the "vayang purva/* which In Java
can be traced tmck to the Seventh
century, but probably Is much older.
The woid "vayang" means "shadow,"
but has come to include all sorts of
drama, as developed from the shadow
play. "Purva" means "oldest." and
"kullt" means "hide." Both names are
used for the same kind of vayang,
namely, the shadow plays with flat
puppets, carved In hide, gilded and
painted with very minute ornamenta
tion. These puppets have exaggerated
profiles; their bodies are out o(^ pro
portion, with enormously long, thin
arms, which reach nearly to the
ground.
To the unaccustomed European eye
they look like grotesque caricatures
meant to be ridiculous. But except In
the figures of clowns and monsters
they are not Intended to be so. ,
First a Religious Rite.
In common with the drnnia of the
Hindus, the Greeks and other people,
the Javanese theater has been the di
rect outcome of religious ceremonies.
The vayang purva sprang from the
primitive ancestor worship when the
shadows of ancestors were Invoked. In
order to give their descendants an op
portunity to honor them and pray to
them, asking for protection, advice
and all sorts of favors. '
Originally the head of the family
Invoked the shadows In this way.
Later this task was handed over to
the priests, or the shamans. From
these developed the professional "da
lang," the man who manipulates the
puppets, while he narrates the story
of the play and speaks the roles of
the performing figures. I
The "dalang" sits cross-legged on %
mat In front of a white linen curtain,
which is stretched between two pillars
of the pendoppo. Oyer his head hangs
an oil lamp. Between this lamp and
the screen, on which the shadows are
projected, the "dalang" mpves his pup
pets from below,' usltog sticks of wood
or tortoise shell fastened to their
hands. Behind him the gamelan plays.
Source, of Plays.
The most ancient legends performed
are derived from Malay o- Polynesian
myths, interwoven with stories taken
from all the Oriental peoples. Later
the Hindus 2ame.,"to ,tava with their
religion and Sanskrit literature. From
that time the subjects of the plays
were taken from the Mahabharata
and the Raniayana^i
Probubly the raost beautiful vayang
purvn at the present time is the one
belonging to Pangeran (Prince) Kusu
mudiulngrat, a brother of the sultan
of Surnkarta. Through his hospitality
and that of his family the writer ofter
had the opportunity of witnessing per
fornmncesVln' his house, and also of
getting valuable Information from
him. From the shadow play later de
veloped the "vayang klltik" (also
called "vayang karucil"), which mean9
"small " "the little people." Here the
puppets are carved from soft wood,
gilded and painted. They are not flat
like the purva figures, nor round like
the: still later "vayang golek," but
something half way between, like a
double-sided relief.
In this form of vayang the specta#
tors looked at the puppets themselves,
and tty$ sl.ado.ws' were abandoned. The
idea of the figures representing an
cestors disappeared. and the plays b?
fit in#* sppnlur In pharo/rfo*
BEAT THIS IF YOU CAlf I
Practical Suggestions
for Producers of Beef
N. K. Carnes of the animal hus
bandry division of the University of j
Minnesota offers several suggestions
?to producers of beef as to ho^ to im- -
prove their position in these times of
narrow margins and high taxes. He |
says beef producers can get larger re- J
turns by:/
Producing what the market demands.
Marketing through co-operative as
sociations.
Investing the minimum of capital
only in buildings and equipment.
Keeping good typed animals rather
than' scrubs.
Providing good pasture, and
Feeding comparatively inexpensive
rations during the winter.
Mr. Carnes lays emphasis on feeding
and type. "Good cattle command a
premium on our live stock markets,"
he says. "Good typed animals do not!
consume less feed than the scrub, but|
they make more economical use of it.
The bureau of animal industry' main
tains that a steak from a high-class
beef animal contains 40 per cent more
food value than does a steak from a
scrub." 0 . i
Mr. Carnes holds that feeds for win
tering the breeding herd need not be
expensive. Silage supplemented with
dry roughage and some protein Con
centrate will carry beef animals along
economically, If the dry roughage
consists of a legume hay the protein
concentrate can be omitted from the
ration. "Under some conditions," he
says, "It might be more economical to
sell part of the legume hnv and substi
tute for it the cheaper rpughages with
some highly concentrated protein feed.
Relative prices should determine."
Horse's Ear Adds Much
Expression to His Face
The ear of the horse adds more ex
pression to hip face than any other
feature. Objectively it indicates his
state of mind. Curiosity, faar, anger,
iuipatience ? how clearly u horse shpws
these by the attitude of his ears; and
how much inure plainly these emotions
are shown by some horses than by oth
ers. An experienced hors>mian watches
his horse's ears continually, because
they invariably signal him when the
horse Is about to change his gait. If
you know your horse, you will see
that he lias a perfectly understood
code of ear signals which you may
watch to advantage in critical places, j
You will understand by the positions
and movements of the ei rs what is on
the horse's mind.' Horses surely do ,
think.
The size of the ear, its quality, tex
ture and its setting are all very1 luipor
tant. Long and well-shaped ears \
denote Intelligence. Many people ad
mire small and pointed ears, carried j
close together at the tips. They ge?- I
eralty indicate nervous dispositions,
however. The long, broad ear, charac
teristic of the Hainbletonfan line, de
notes a gentle, kindly disposition. A
medium ear. not too small and not too
hirge, carried weU and used actively,
is the one which gives beauty and
character to the head.
Care of Mare and Colt
Needed in Fall Months
It Is an old saying that animals going
to winter- quarters in good condition
are half wintered. It is particularly
true of brood mares and colts. The
bleak winds and cold rains of the fall
months, together with the chilly nights,
take more oat of animals than months
of feeding wil! restore. This is particu
larly true of fcrood mares that are low
in condition and of the young colts.
They should be stabled every night
from now on, and; should -be fed a small
feed f>efore, being turned out In tha
morning to fill up with cold or frozen
grass, which is very liable to chill and
even stop the work of digestion. It
never pays to let mares and colts
stand around shivering during the cold
autumn nights and then attempt to
make iro by esttfa' f?*ed during the win
ter. Protect the mares and keep the
colt growing, ft results are wanted.
Before Weaning Pigs It
Is Propel to Inoculate
Before weaning it is advisable to
inoculate the pigs for cholera. The
advantages are it is cheaper, the pigs
can be handled with more ease, and
they will not be afTected as much as
large hogs. ' Sanitary quarters and
simultaneous inoculation for cholera
are best assurance one can get for a
disease free herd. While it is possi
ble for some farmers to treat their
?hogs, it is illegal in some states and
is to be frowned upon. Farmers' Eal
letin 830 "Hog Cholera," may be ob
tained by writing to United States De
partment of Agriculture, Washington,
D. C.
Stock Enjoy Good Bed.
All classes of live stock thoroughly
enjoy a good bed. If well bedded they
will rest better and make more effi
cient use of their feed. Careful at
tention to such details will often result ,
in proptf: while neglect of the same
will niean a loss. , ,
? ? ? ?? * '* V*
. Produce Strong Pigs./
A mature brood sow that receives
<no pound of corn per day per 100
lounrts live weight and all the alfalfa
ay she will eat out of n rack ^will pro
duce a strong litter of pigs.
?> ? I
ORCHARD
GLEANINGS
I Give Strawberries Good
Protection for Winter
Protection otf the roots against re
peated freezing and thawing; preser
vation of the soil jnoisture in the
spftfog; the addition of plant food to
the soil; the smothering of the weeds
la early spring; slowing up of early
growth of plants until after danger of
late -spring frosts is past; protection
against dirty fruit at picking time?
these are the chief of many advan
tages gained through winter mulching
the str(*vberry patch, according to
the experts. of the New York experi
ment! station.
Just hastily glance over that long
Us? once more, and ' see if it 1 doesn't
convince you that if the berries are
not already under mulch, they |OUght
to be.
There is surely some mulching ma
terial right on the place now that you
could use to excellent advantage. Per
haps it Is the old stack bottom in the
meadow. If it Is comparatively free
of weed seeds you can do a good turn
to both meadow and strawberry patch
by putting it on the latter. Or per
haps you have some straw, some swale
grass, and anyhow, you can get leaves
out of the woodlot If necessary.
Right here it should be said that
a good mulching material must be
economical and efficient. To these
ends it should be the sort easily and
quickly spread, should give good pro
tection. and It should not be full of
weed seeds to fill the patch with weeds.
If you can get good coarse strawy
horse manure, at a reasonable cost,
that will be almost Ideal. It not only
provides a mulch, but a lot of fertility
In addition. Berries? I have seen
loads of them when we could get a
mulch like that.
The writer has used cornstalks and
wheat straw mixed with excellent suc
cess. The cornstalks alone might be
used if nothing else is at hand. A
word of caution must be voiced here,
however. Do not use too fine material,
material so fine that It Ir likely to
smoother the plants. Sawdust, for ex
ample, is not a first-class mulching ma
terial. .
The depth of mulch will depend on
the material. With such first-class <
materials as straw, swale grass, and
strawy manure cover the whole patch,
and cover the plants to a depth of an
Inch or two. A coverttig of leaves may
be more or less shallow, depending on
how dry they are and whether they
will mat down. A mutch that mats
down is not to be deslted.
Put the mulch on Just as soon as
the ground Is frozen for the first time
fn the fall. If you ha** delayed too
long now, Just put the mulch on the
next time the ground is frozen. Bet
ter late than never, you know.
Now a- word for next spring.
those strawberry plants start gro -
fng go over the patch with a. pitch
fork and shake up the mulch, pulling
ft to the space between the row(s so
your plants will not be smothered.
Win mulching pay? Try It once
and yonH say It does.
Fruit Quality Improved
by Applying Right Food
FVnIt trees require a liberal supply
o? nitrogen, phosphates, potash and
Hme, but In what form each of these
should be given depends to a large ex
tent on the character of the soil, and
also on whether the land is cultivated
between the fruit trees or grazed.
Nitrate of soda or sulphate of ammo
nia should be nsed in the spring.
Sulphate of potash Is considered good,
and basic slag is generally preferable
to superphosphates. Quicklime, if used
wttb caution, slaked lime or chalk are
all suitable. The lime, phosphoric acid
and potash can be applied In the fall,
winter or early spring. Nitrogen and
potash help the trees to make new
growth, whilst phosphates and lime
greatly improve the quality of the fruit.
It is well to remember that the roots of
trees spread over a very wide area and,
therefore, the manure must not be ap
plied locally, but well distributed.
Stock, If turned in to graze, supply
considerable quantities of' nitrogen.
Safe Practice to Prune
Grapevines During Winter
Grapevines may be pruned any time
after the wood has ripened in the fall
and before the sap starts flowing In
the spring. It should not be done,
however, when the canes are frozen,
because then they are brittle and
break easily in the handling.
In sections where grapes winter
over without danger from freezing
when left unprotected, the pruning Is
done on mild days In February and
early March. Wounds made at this
time have a chance to dry before the
sap rises. If the cuts are made late in
spring or in early summer the sap
flows freely from the wounds causing
excessive "bleeding." Whether "bleed
ing" is injurious or not Is still disput
ed, but it Is a Bafe practice to prune
early;
Site tor (gooseberries.
i n ' ? > :
Gooseberries require a cool situation
with plenty of air and moisture and
should be partially shaded. This plant
will not thrive well in an exposed
?Ituation or where it gets very hot
sun. It is one of the first plants to
!eff out in ,th$ spring.
Cremate the Insects.
Have you a crematory for insects
on your farm? If not, make arrange
ments for one. Pile all the prunlngS/
from your berry patch, the orchard,
the shrubs, and trees and bum them.
DEMAND -'"BAYER" ^
Take Tablets Without Fear ?,?
Sec the Safety "Biyer Cro'u^
Warning! Unless you seo
"Bayer" on parkas or on tn\,\ets *
are not getting the genuine
Aspirin proved safe by millions I!
prescribed by physicians f,,r z\ \
Say "Bayer" when you huy
Imitations may prove 'hin-err.us^J
Champion Barber.
The world's must <ie\?)..-.?is
has just rot i rod after a : i .nu y\x\A
seven years in Hi" - ; t : ;n A
l'ancras, London. l-'.nti'.Mni.
shaved no fewer t',:m > men in
hour and on nuin? r<. ;> -iM?ins
has shaved people i". r ; ;,r
hands running, at the rat.- ? f ..m-cver
minute.
A Universal Remedy for Pain.
For over 70 years k's Plaster!^
been a standard external rem-lv, sold In
ail parts of the civdi/.ed world.? Atto.
Deepest Place in Sea.
The Philippine deep.
place yet discovered in lit. -.-a. <0^
swallow up Mount Kve:.-?. it,., v*
w
est mountain in the
leave 3,000 feet of water
mlt.
hit
? ?n !
'r it? sur
A torpid liver prevents proi,or ? < -1
tlon. Tone up your liver with Wr.Kht'a Irni't
Vegetable Pills. 372 Pearl St . N Y a "
Airy About It. ?
"Your hill lias been runnln-.' now f,,r|
nearly a year." ' I.o-.! < uu,. u> f|
those nonstop affairs, eh?"
About 175 different pie.vsj.f miUe.]
rial enter Into the construction -of
fl rat-el ass watch'.
Hairs Catarrh
Medicine
rid your system of Catarrh or Deafnt*|
caused by Catarrh. \
Sold by druggists for ortr 40 yten
F. J. CHENEY &. CO., Toledo, Ohio
J
BABIES LOVE
m.wwmsm
H? IaiaaU' uj Ckildrn'i Ri|tUur
Pleasant to sir? ? pleaunt to
take. Guaranteed purely teg
?table and absolutely harmless.
^ It quickly overcome* colic,
diarrhoea, flatulency and
other like disorders.
The open published
formula arrears on
?very label .
y. ^M.^AiiDmggUi
ASSUREASMWNBRINGSANEWDOf
cascmmAqui
(?mi WUJ BrrakTfuxtCbld, _
Make Vbu HtTbrnarnw. a^|
W. H.HI L-i? CO., DBTWOIT.
Stops Eczema
Believes the Inflammation, Itching and Irritation;
aeotbes and softens the skin and leaves It
?aoeth and spotless.
TETTER! HE
he complexion's best friend. 60c at your drui
liat'a or froa the SHUPTRiNE CO.. SAVANNAH, fiA.
Shave, Bathe and
Shampoo with one
Soap. ? Cuticura
Catfcurm Soap is thr f arori U"f or ?af et y raiorihaffaf .
PARKER'S
HAIR BALSAM
BemoTMDananiff-StopiHalrrsllu*
Restore* Color vd I
BMDtT to Gray end F?ded Ms*
SOe and $1.00 at Ptosm* 1
rr? ^|Mtue'ltT|
Remove* Cnrus. Cd*
?"""IT A nmnii
hindercorns Remove* owns,
atope all pain, en*ur? comfort to tti
walking ea* v. JSu. by Dia l or at I>mc
rlsta. filaoox Cbvmlcal Works, Pateboru*. H. 1
Avoid & Relieve
COLDS I
INFLUENZA
MALARIA
BY TAKING I
fliJNTERSMITHj
II Chill Tonic
It it a RtUabU Central Invigorating Totsk ^
I _
SPRINCLESS SHADES
Last Longer^Look Betie *
A New Car in Each Can of
SURE-BRIGHT
refiniah polish and tijj .j : ?
new year right by p'lmi ?h:i.
dress up the top. One i? j ? j > . . ? '
months. If dealer u'i;.l
send postpaid on receipt
Vh? retinish polish, and 7 '<? f >r
in if. Few live aj,*-n:s can 1 ??
cupied territory.
Waco polish <?<>. k.
St Louis. V>?
COLOKKI) MEN to ;e..rn to t ?
chanic and chauffeur. S;)?-c!?i J A
Catalog free. RI(*HMO.Vf> A I
Box 40. HARDWARE. VA
SALESMAN? Sell Marvin I i:
World's beat auto polish 1-V i j
II. C. S. Hyde. 61* 2 E. Wai.v:.'^
? tfi<
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ltchinK "il&ij!*