STAFF PHOTO 8V LYNN CARLSON
Getting A Good Start
This class from the Four-County Head Start program's site in Longwood was among the 60 four-year-olds entertaining parents and other
guests last week in obsenancc of National Head Start Awareness Week. One day a year is set aside especially for welcoming visitors and
hearing their suggestions and comments, according to Willie Mae Stanley, lead teacher. Pictured are students of Penny Jones (rear left)
and Phyllis Gore (rear right). They are (front row, from left) Domenique Stanley, Shantae Hill, Eric Bellamy (second row) Alicia Clarida,
Jessica Bland, Bianca Vereen, Garrick Grant (third row) Braxton Cotton, Joshua Reaves, Charles Goss, Antwan Ash, Kenneth Thorne,
Kyle Watts (fourth row) Karry Pigott and Ela Clarida.
Fruit, Nut Tree Care Takes Know-How
Dear Plant Doctor: I recently
bought a home which has several
fruit and pecan trees. Please tell me
what I need to do to make my trees
produce. ? Wallace
Answer: Much is written about
fruit and nut tree care and produc
tion. The first step is to gather and
read as much information about fruit
and pecan culture as you can hold.
Second, take inventory of all your
fruit and nut trees. Third, take soil
samples around your trees and have
them analyzed for soil nutrient con
tent. Fourth, plan to prune these
trees in January or February. I ex
pect a drastic pruning will be in or
der if plants have not been properly
cared for in the past.
North Carolina Cooperative Ex
tension Service offers a wealth of in
formation on nearly every fruit, nut
or vegetable crop. Several publica
tions I have found helpful include
" Growing Peaches in North Caro
lina, " AG-30, "Growing Pears in
N.C., " AG80, and " Pruning Fruit
Trees in N.C., " AG-29. Check with
your County Extension office for
these publications or contact the
Publications Office, Box 7603, N.C.
State University, Raleigh, N.C.
27695-7603.
Dear Plant Doctor: I have raised
tomatoes for many years with great
success but this year was not one of
them. I planted a late crop of Better
Boy tomatoes on June 1 in well
limed and fertilized soil. Plants were
staked with old creosoted fence
posts. When plants were 6 feet tall
and loaded with fruit, all of my
plants turned yellow (from the bot
tom to top), the leaves dropped off
and the plants died.
My questions are: What could
cause this problem? Could nema
todes do this? Can creosoted posts
cause this problem? ? Aberdeen
THE
PLANT
DOCTOR
C. BRUCE
WILLIAMS
Extension Area
Turf Specialist
Answer: A number of fungal,
bacterial or nematode pathogens can
cause the symptoms you describe on
your tomatoes. 1 doubt the creosote
posts caused the problem although
the fumes produced by creosote can
be very troublesome in a greenhouse
or enclosed plant bed.
The problem probably involves a
pathogen that either destroys the
function of the root system (like ne
matodes) or blocks the flow of water
in xylem (the vascular tissue respon
sible for water conduction to the
leaves).
Bacterial wilts kill tomato plants
because the bacteria reproduce at
such a rapid rate they physically
"clog up" the essential plumbing of
the plant. When the plant cannot get
the water to its leaves, the leaves
wilt and the plant eventually dies.
Fungal pathogens can also act
similarly but in addition, some fungi
produce lethal toxins that are
translocated to all parts of the plant.
The best cure is prevention. No pes
ticide can "cure" a systemic fungal
or bacterial disease or remedy a se
vere nematode problem.
The best solution is genetic resis
tance. Genetic resistance to nema
todes, bacteria, and fungi is routine
ly bred into a plant's genetic make
up. For example, buy Better Boy
FVN rather than just Better Boy.
The letters FVN indicate that the va
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riety has genetic resistance to some
strains of Fusarium disease. Ver
ticillium disease and Nematodes.
Many new tomato varieties look like
they have an alphabet behind the va
riety name. You may want to try
some of these new or improved vari
eties.
Dear Plant Doctor: What can
you tell me about the planting and
care of the eucalyptus? Any infor
mation would be greatly appreciat
ed. ? Pinehurst
Answer: The genus Eucalyptus
includes more than 600 species of
woody plant that are native to
Australia.
Many of these plants would prob
ably adapt to our conditions in east
ern North Carolina but few are
available in the nursery trade. I have
very sparse resources on the produc
tion, care and planting of Eucalyptus
but will check with NCSU Forestry
researchers for more information.
One of the most cold hardy and
more common species is perhaps
Eucalyptus gunuii or the Cider Gum
Eucalyptus. This species will toler
ate temperatures to O degrees Fah
renheit once the plant is established.
Most species are deciduous, rapid
growing and relatively maintenance
free.
Dear Plant Doctor: I am a new
arrival to Brunswick County from
Long Island. Please help me find
garden information that is applicable
to southeast North Carolina. Where
can I find out what varieties to
plant? ? Calabash
Answer: Please make an appoint
ment to visit the Brunswick County
Cooperative Extension Office.
Environmental, soil and growing
conditions in southeast North Caro
lina are drastically different from
Long Island. The Extension office
has information on all aspects of
gardening and variety selection. You
may even want to get involved in
the Master Gardener classes!
Send your gardening questions
and comments to The Plant Doctor,
P.O. Box 109. Bolivia. N.C. 2X422.
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SADD Members Seeing Red
In Drug-Free School Effort
Members of the West Brunswick
High School chapter of SADD.
Students Against Drunk Driving, are
literally "seeing red" this week.
They've been busy with the high
school's observance of National Red
Ribbon Week, advocating drug- and
violence-free schools and communi
ties, under the guidance of faculty
advisor Melba Johnson, said re
porter Paige Sloane.
Activities have included mount
ing red bows and "Drug Free" post
ers on classroom doors, hanging a
banner at United Carolina Bank and
distributing red ribbons, pens and
apples to faculty members.
In preparation for Friday's football
game, they are wrapping the goal
posts on Rourk Field with red ribbon,
providing red ribbons and carnations
for cheerleaders to wear during the
game and designing a "run-through"
for the football players.
SADD members are tying red rib
bons with flyers to student cars
Friday, distributing red ribbons to
local churches and restaurants, and
selling red ribbons to students dur
ing lunch period.
Members also participated in a
countywide National Red Ribbon
Essay Contest. Countywide winners
at each school level, who were to be
recognized Tuesday in South port,
include Bruce McAfee, first place
high school with a $ 1 (X) savings
bond; and Sam Spayd, second place
high school, S50 savings bond.
Officers of SADD this year in
clude Madonna Cause, president;
Nicole Norris, vice president; Min
die Vince, secretary; Lamar Hardee,
treasurer; and Paige Sloane, reporter.
Public Meeting To Address
Gypsy Moth Spraying Program
Slate agriculture officials will
hold a public meeting Thursday,
Oct. 28, at 7:30 p.m. at the county
government complex in Bolivia to
outline plans for controlling an in
festation of gypsy moths recently
discovered in Brunswick County.
In their larval phase, gypsy moth
caterpillars feed on the leaves of
trees. A severe infestation can defo
liate woodlands and eventually kill
large numbers of trees.
The European gypsy moth affects
more than 4.2 million acres of forest
each year, mostly in the southeast.
The Asian gypsy moth, which only
recently reached the U.S., is consid
ered even more of a threat to wood
lands because the females of this
species can fly, unlike the European
variety. Consequently, Asian gypsy
moths can spread much more quick
ly
In July, an infestation of Asian
gypsy moths was found aboard a mu
nitions vessel docked at the Military
Ocean Terminal Sunny Point near
Southport. The N.C. Department of
Agriculture plans to spray large areas
of Brunswick and New Hanover
counties next spring in an effort to
contain the spread of ihe pest.
Public meetings are scheduled in
both counties to discuss those plans.
"We're looking for public com
ment about the gypsy moths and
treatment options." said Agriculture
Commissioner Jim Graham. 'This
pest poses a serious risk in North
Carolina and must be stopped before
it spreads further."
Attending the public meetings
will be a panel that has been created
to develop a gypsy moth control
program. Team members include
representatives from the state and
federal departments of agriculture,
the N.C. Forest Service, the N.C.
Nature Conservancy, the U.S. De
partment of Defense, the N.C. De
partment of Environment, Health
and Natural Resources and the
Brunswick County Cooperative
Extension Service.
Bill Dickerson, plant pest admin
istrator for the NCDA's Plant In
dustry Division, will head the pro
gram. For more information contact
Dickerson at (919) 733-6930 or
Milton Coleman, director of the
N.C. Cooperative Extension Service
in Bolivia at 253-4425.
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