Land Stewardship;
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our ofrmjsrchn
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Br GUY A. CARDWELL
Agricultural and Industrial Agent
Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Co.
The United States Department of
the Interior, soil erosion service, has
a big job to perform. It is trying to
check soil erosion. By establishing
demonstration projects it is showing
how this can be done.
To arouse and sustain interest in
soil erosfbn and to secure owner-cooperation,
and further to have a
record of progress, individual soil ero
sion experiment stations publish
monthly bulletins recording informa
tion of real value.
I am using a few items copied from
October issue of the Bannister River
Banner, Chatham, Virginia, whert
one of the soil erosion projects h
under way.
Those who read this letter may
find the information of interest, and
it may cause some land-owners to
have a better understanding of their
responsibility as temporary stewards,
for land remains for the use of fu
ture generations long after our stew
ardship is ended.
America Is At The Crossroads
''America hns not escaped periods
of storm and stress, since white men
first landed on the shores. Starva
tions, pestilence, and savage forays
played havoc with the infant .seUlc
pents. Wars and panics have visited
the growing nations. Time and again
no man tould say that national in
tegrity could be preserved, but none
of these misfortunes have menaceJ
the future of our people so much a;
the deterioration of the soils. Wars
end, and nations heal their wovnds,
panics pass and prosperity returns
but the erosion of the soil goes on
with the grim persistence of death.
Hillsides are denuded of trees and
rains carry away the top soil, leaving
behind raw wounds that grow worse
with neglect. Rich bottom lands be
come practically covered with unpro
ductive soil from the hills and their
fertility lessened. In some cases,
sands reduce such land to sterile
waste. In the valley of the Staunton
River there lies the site of an old In
dian village, where at one time the
red men, attracted by its fertility,
established a permanent town. Where
in those days were rich corn fields,
now sand bars cover the area, brought
in by the floods and freshets, ano
sand burs grow nature's last effort
to provide a protective cover."
Protection Of Soil Vital
"That erosion takes place rapidly
on unprotected soil is so well known
that it scarcely seems worthy of men
tioning. However, the following fig
ures from the btatesvule, .North
Carolina, soil erosion experiment sta
tion show a marked difference in the
amounts of soil carried off of unpro
tected land, or land in cotton con-
' tinuously and on land in grass.
On a sandy clay loam on a 10 per
cent slope, the run-off of water on
unprotected soil amounted to 32 per
cent of the amount that fell and car
ried off 65 tons of soil per acre. On
land continuously in cotton there was
a 10 per cent run-off of water and
loss of 14 tons per acre. On a grass
sod the run-off amounted to only 5
per cent of water and .8 of a ton of
soil per acre. Bearing in mind that
there are approximately 1200 tons of
earth per acre, varying with the soil
type, in a 6 in. covering, and assum
ing a virgin soil of 6 in. in depth,
the following interesting facts are
nnnarenL
1 1
It would take 1500 years at this
rate to remove the top 6 Inches of
soil from such an area of grass. In
the meantime, it would be somewhat
offset by the formation of the new
soil. Assuming that an inch of new
soil would be gained every 400 years,
we would gain 3.7 inches new soil
during the 1500 year period. Thus,
actually losing 2.25 inches of soil dur
ing the 1500 year period.
Using the same basis of compari
son, unprotected land would be strip
ped of the top 6 inches in 18.46
years. Theoretically, there might be
a fractional gain but it would be safe
to say that unprotected land of thi-s
soil type on such a slope would lose
the equivalent of the top 6 inches in
about 18 1-2 years. Of course, this
would not be a uniform stripping un
der actual conditions, but the land
loss in tons would be equivalent to it.
This may seem hair splitting to a
casual reader. We feel, however,
that the effort is justified. We pre
sent it to you in an attempt to fix in
your mind a definite picture of the
actual loss that has been and is go
ing on around U3 all the time."
It was Ruskin who wrote:
) "God has lent us the earth for our
line. It is a great entail. It belongs
as much to those who are to come
after us as to us, and we have no
right by anything we do or neglect to
involve them in any unnecessary pen
alties, or to deprive them of the
benefit which was in our power to
bequeath."
OVER 200,000 POUNDS COTTON
t ------ WWUW Jii.1 .bo
In both Gates and Franklin coun
ties, the farmers are buying surplus
cotton Certificates to gin their excess
production!!; Over 1200.000 Bounds of
certificates were soia in uates county .
Certificates Transferred
Through County Agent
Legal transference of cotton tax-
exemption certificates from one
grower to another must be made
through the county agent's office,
warns Dean 1. O. Schaub, of State
College.
Illegally transferred certificates
will be cancelled, he said, and the
cotton they were intended to cover
will be subject to the Bankhead tax
of five and two-thirds cents a pound.
To protect growers from fraud,
speculators, or unfair practices in
the trading of certificates, . provision
was made that all exchanges must be
made through the county agent and
at the rate of four cents a pound.
Schaub pointed out that it is also
illegal to sell a certificate to a person
who is not a cotton grower. How
ever, it is permissible for ginners to
go to the county agent and buy cer
tificates for a grower when the
grower gives him written authoriza
tion to do so.
When an illegal transfer is dis
covered, Schaub said, notice will be
sent the collector of internal revenue
and other persons involved in the
transfer, including the rounty agent.
Schaub also said that every dollar
spent for extra tax exemption cer
tificates goes to help growers who
failed to produce the full amount of
their allotments.
The sale of surplus gives the un-der-producer
a form of crop insur
ance by enabling him to realize four
cents a pound for that part of his
allotment he failed to produce. It
also gives the over-producer a chance
to sell his excess cotton without pay
ing the full amount of the Bankhead
tax.
"The Home" Subject At
Beech Spring Meeting
"The Home" was the subject of the
program at the meeting of the Beech
Spring School Parent-Teacher Asso
ciation held at the school on Friday
night.
Mrs. W. J. Perry, president, con
ducted the devotional exercises and
presided over a short business ses
sion, after which Miss Delsie White
head, the teacher, read the program.
Miss Stella Rogerson read a poem
on "What Is Home." This was fol
lowed by an interesting address by
F. T. Johnson, superintendent of edu
cation. Mrs. Noah Felton read a paper on
"What It Takes to Make It a Home,"
and Miss Debie Whitehead also read
a paper on "The Home." Miss Mary
Alice Felton read a poem, "October's
Bright Blue Weather." Thurston
Stallings read "The Country Boy's
Creed." i
The program closed with the sing
ing of "Home Sweet Home," in which
the entire audience joined.
A number of interesting' games
were played and several contests were
enjoyed after the regular program,
and ice cream and cake were served.
Crossnore School Issues
Plea For Old Clothing
Mary Sloop, business manager at
the Crossnore School in the North
Carolina mountains, has sent out the
following plea for old clothes:
"New lives for old clothes! This i3
our work new lives for mountain
boys and girls, healthier, happier,
broader. Thjs is our means old
clothes which we sell at our Rag
Shakin' or trade for produce through
the school kitchen. Ever since we
first started our work, old clothes
sales have provided about one-half of
our income; even during the depres
sion this ratio has not changed,
though the actual amount has, of
course, decreased very much. And
today, our warehouse is practically
empty. There are plenty of custom
ers, but not enough goods. Will you
help us to stock our counters? We
can use anything, for any age or
either sex clothing, shoes, scraps
for quilts, goeds and remnants for
making clothes, household articles
anything, and in any quantity. If
our stock fails, our customers do not
come back for a long time and it is
very hard to build up their confidence
again. Please, will you help us, for
without your aid this work must fall
short of its goal new lives for "the
hills." ,
Any one in this county desiring to
send old clothing to the school should
address either by freight and express
at Ashford, N. C, or by parcel post
at Crossnore, N. C. An invitation is
extended to visitors to inspect the
school. .:'
10,294,498,803 CIGARETTES
OUTPUT OR SEPTEMBER
Cigarette 3 output for September
reached a five-year high . for the
month a total of 10,294,498,803 rig
arettes. The production aggregate
for the first 9 months of 1934 sets
an all-time record, - being 9.10 per
cent .higher than for the 1933 period
and 4 per cent higher than its near-
! est competitor the first 9 months of
II ' .,
ban adc-
flip ; -
J hope you don't share a popular delusion that the Chinese are noted
chiefly for chop suey and hand laundries. Several thousand years
before they made those two important contributions to the great
American scene they gave us silk.
Legend has it that about 1700 B.C. Hoang-ti, third Emperor of China,
became interested in the lowly silkworm, or more particularly in !h
cocoon that served as domicile during the period of its transfurmat'ui!
into a moth At his behest his 11 year old empress, Sing Li Chi, over
coming hei feminine aversion to crawling creatures, proceeded to cul
tivate the worms and 30011 discovered that the tiny thread ut of which
they created their "retiring rooms" could be unwound ant. woven inu
garments.
It is gratifying to add that contrary to common custom, little Sins
Li Chi rectived credit for her "laboratory research" and hr.s co.-.it
down through the centuries as "The Goddess of the Silkworms."
The mc-f.t valuable and closely guarded secrets have a way of travel
lng, in spite of government decrees and dire penalties. The lowly silk
worm, which was once an individualist with a "factory output" iiroitr.i
to Its own needs, has become, willy nilly, a cog in many great colleo
tivist machines. No ionger may it dissolve the valuable Dbres ol its
cocoon and emerge to attain its natural destiny as a moth and a
mother, unless It happens to be one of the few chosen by its huniiin
rulers to carry on its race.
But Its rulers have increased its productive capacity to the point
where a single cocoon yields a quarter of a mile of fibre. They Lav
learned to wind the slender fibres, five or six together, letting their
natural gum cement them into a stronger fibre, to wind the fibres into
threads and to weave the threads into beautiful and luxurious fi-brfcs.
Silk thread plays a part In every woman's sewing. It is available,
In every shade you're likely to wish.
When se.ving silk fabrics on the machine use silk thread In both
needle and bobbin so there'll be no puckering. Wool ir.J silk fabrics
that fray easily should have their seam edges bound wltt silk seam
binding, sewed on by hand as in Sketch A.
Sill; threads come in twist size for buttonholes and In a st1" heavier
si.'.n for tacka as in Sketch B. When you're hemming ve,1 line silk
material a silk thread can be split and a single strand used with a vrv
line needle.
Church Choirs Compete
At Colored High School
A great mahy Perquimans people
enjoy the jnuBic furnished by the
colored people, &uch as has been
beard in Hertford In former years,
and to those a treat is in store on
Friday .night , of ; this week, when a
choir contest Is to be staged at the
eilorei "hign scb""'
tween the cho!r
Baptist Church . - 1 '.3. ; ;
charged and there will be espnrfuUyc
reserved seats for the white rsople. ,
The managers are G. L. Skinner and
L. H Felton, and they assure a verr .
delightful program for all ,wbo at-'
tend,',
mil 1 1 n. ii nimiiiii i M,mm JT ,,.1
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V. J
COMPLETE REPAIRING AND
ALTERING WORK
Yon mav n eed a few little changes to put
your winter clothes in shape. We do expert
work at lowest prices.
WW have vour clothes cleaned in dirty gasoline? We use 'clean,
fresh gasoline always. We have just installed a dryer tumbler idr
taking all gasoline out of your clothes. Our plant is the only modernly
equipped dry cleaning plant in Perquimans County.
Hats Cleaned and Blocked the Factory Way
We have added to our equipment a Hat Blocking Machine, Don't
spoil the looks of an otherwise complete outfit by wearing a shabby
top piece. Let us clean and block your Hat. 4
WE HAVE NO NEW REPRESENTATIVE .....
RELIEF GARDENS DISCUSSED
W. B. Pace, Durham county atfent.
has been discussing the value of fall
gardens with relief families. Most
of them wish to raise as much of
their own food as possible.'
CORN YIELDS INCREASED
The value of a crop rotation with
legumes has proven valuable in Alex
ander County where corn yields have
increased from eight to 60 bushels an
acre since the work started.
Riddick's Cleaning Works
Mrs. Ellie Riddick, Owner .
PHONE 129 -:- HERTFORD, N. C.
BBSiiraiimdKssdl Scuffle
na ymur caff ffte
cfe When You Use
(BAS M$BD IIIL-S
You Will Always Get
THE BEST SERVICE
at a Shell Station
ANTIFREEZE FLUID
The fluid that protects
your car in' lowest tem:f
peratures. v:''.v
NOW IS THE TIME TO DRAIN
THAT OLD SUMMER OIL AND
REFILL WITH SHELL WINTER
GRADE MOTOR OIL.
BATTERY SERVICE
Free testing arid' peri
odic filling with distilled k
water. -
- it
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Crank Ccc C;..
1930.. v-'il:i-...-,.?&W&
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