la Rossis Really Seeking '
' Peace Through Adjustments
Or Is It Only Propaganda?
- Because of what Secretary of State
I George C. Marshall calls a "confusion
of publicity and of statements arh
publications relating to our actions
and attitude toward the Soviet
Union," Ambassador Walter Bedell
Smith recently conferred with Soviet
Foreign Minister Molotov in Moscow
for the purpose of impressing on the
Soviet Government the true nature of
the policy of this country toward the
Sovief regime.
- The possibility of a conference be
tween the United States and the So
viet Union has been much discussed
since Moscow made public the fact
that the United States Ambassador
had discussed differences with Mr.
Molotov. The- Soviet Government,
over the radio and without a direct
reply to the United States Govern
ment,' declared that it "adopts a posi
tive attitude toward the wishes of the
United States Government as ex
pressed with the proposal to begin, in
, this connection, a discussion and
settlement of differences existing be
tween us."
According to the Soviet radio. Am
bassador Smith said that despite So
viet hostility to the European re
habilitation program the United
' States had not lost the hope "of such
a change in policy which would give
... the opportunity of finding a path
for restoring good and rational rela
tions" between the two countries."
Furthermore, the Ambassador is emot
ed as saying: "As for the United
States, the door always remains
open."
The Soviet Government, through
Mr. Molotov, also released a lengthy
statement, defending its course and
denying that ija policy has been the
cause "of the present unsatisfactory
state of Soviet-American relations."
The statement denies that the Soviet
Union interferred in the internal af
fairs of the countries of Eastern Eu
rope and alleges that the program in
Europe reveals that the United States
"on its part permits interference in
the internal affairs of other states"
which the statement continues "can
not fail to evoke serious objections on
the part of the Soviet Government."
Blame for the present situation is
placed upon the policy of the United
States.
Before the people of the United
States become excited over the al
leged willingness or Kussia to Hold a
conference for the purpose of settling
difficulties, they might recall that in
;1941 the Japanese government started
similar conversations which were in
progress when they delivered .their
secret attack upon Pearl Harbor.
Moreover, it should be understood
that the United States made no pro
posal to Russia that the two nations
hold a conference. All that Ambassa
dor Smith attempted, in his conversa
tion with Mr. Molotov, was to deny
any aggressive intentions on the part
of this country toward Russia and to
explain the official attitude of this
country towards the trend of interna
tional developments.
Various efforts have been made to
interpret the motives of the Soviet
Union in giving widespread publicity
to the matters discussed in Moscow.
Some observers believe that the So
viet Government, being convinced that
the American policy will continue and
become stronger, seized upon the con
ference to bring about a conference
in the hope of reaching a settlement
with' the western powers.
This .conclusion involves many as
sumptions, including a realization on
the part of the Kremlin that its world
drive will not succeed and, in fact, has
already been successfully countered,
This is probably going too far but it
is quite possible that the rulers of
Russia think the time has come to
talk.
However, skeptics take the view
that, at best, the interchange means
nothing more than Russia is seeking
breathing spell while studying the
situation and searching for soft spots
upon which to apply further pressure.
Obviously, from past experience, even
the willingness of Russia to enter into
discussion does not mean that the two
nations would be able to agree upon
anything.
Trade Agreements Act,
Vital To World Trade,
Faces Fight In Congress ;
If Congress fails to take action be
fore June 12th,' the Reciprocal Trade
Agreements Act will expire. -The
chances are that the measure will be
extended for one year but its advo
cates are not at all sure that the re
newal will be "without ' crippling
amendments.
As everybody knows, the past ex
perience of tariff legislation in Con
gress has presented a log-rolling pro
cedure, accelerated by the energetic
activities of lobbyists interested in
protecting some favorite item. Con
sequently, there has been general
agreement that the legislative body is
not the agency to set the tariff rates
upon specific items, although it
should enact legislation in general
terms. '',,'. - ,
; The purpose' vt :. the Reciprocal
Trade Agreements Act was to set up
machinery by whleh the United States,
in cooperation, with other countries,
could gradually remove trad barriers.
V t ! ', ' t. ' , s
The idea behind the effort is that the
economic difficulties of nations often
lead to pressures which result in war.
Obviously,- if every nation could be
assured of equality of economic op
portunity throughout the world, there
would be no cause for friction and, in
the opinion of many persons, the
standard of living of all peoples would
be gradually raised, v
The United States, as the foremost
exponent of tariff walls, was not in a
position to use a broad axe on the
tariff barriers which barred the im
portation of foreign goods. It was
recognized that other nations, as well,
had erected tariff walls and through
quotas, currency regulations and vari
ous restrictions, had attempted to
counteract the tariff policy of this
and other countries. It was believed,
however, that the nations, acting in
concert and considering their joint in
terests, might be able to agree upon
gradual reductions which, in the long
run, would stimulate the development
of world commerce.
Since the end of World War II,
President Truman has repeatedly
called the Reciprocal Trade program
an essential part of this country's
policy which seeks to advance world
prosperity and peace through coopera
tion with other nations.
Secretary of State George C. Mar
shall has pointed out, upon numerous
occasions, that the Trade Agreements
program has never been so important
as now to us and to the rest of the
world.
Both seek to establish it as a fixed
and permanent policy of this country,
so that the other natibns of the world
will understand that, in cooperating,
they are not being involved in a sys
tem of concessions which might end
with every change of administration
in Washington.
The bill which has been reported to
the House by its Ways and Means
Committee provides for a one-year
extension of the Act, but gives to
Congress the power to veto future
trade agreements which fail to come
within limits that ought to be estab
lished by a . re-constituted and inde
pendent U. S. Tariff Commission.
Hearing of the action of the com
mittee, Gerard Swope, chairman of a
committee working for Reciprocal
World Trade, predicts that the action
of the committee will represent a
"Black Friday in the annals of Ameri
can world leadership" unless public
opinion causes a change in the policy
set out.
Representative Bertrand W. Gear-
hart of California, however, says that
the decision of the committee repre
sents a fair compromise, insisting that
the one-year limit indicates no more
of a step toward high trade barriers
than did the Democratic extension of
two years in 1943." However, it
should be noted that he added that
"any new administration that might
take office in 1949 should formulate
its own policies."
This last statement indicates that
Mr. Gearhart contends that, in the
event of a Republican administration
in 1949, the new administration should
haye the right to fix its policies. This,
in general, is undoubtedly a correct
statement.
However, the effort to extend the
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act for
a full three-year extension does not
represent an effort to prevent a new
administration from fixingits policies.
It represents an intelligent effort to
establish a Reciprocal Trade Treaty
program as. a bi-partisan, national
policy. Such a policy, when estab
lished, would hardly be subject to
changes with every shifting adminis
tration in Washington and would
mean something.
Health and Bosufy
By Dr. Sophia Branson
Army Doctors Concerned about the
Atom Bomb
The Army has counselled the pop
ulation to keep calm if atom bombs
should start falling on American
cities.
The Medical Corps said in a state
ment that if an A-bomb should hit
a city:
"It is by no means true that the
entire population would be wiped out,
nor is it true that nothing could be
done to help the survivors."
Then, alluding to a subject over
which there has been considerable
quiet worrying among the military.
the Medical Corps quoted its' Col.
James P. Cooney as saying:
"Mr. and Mrs. America have been
so frightened by the information they
have received to date, that if a bomb
were dropped on one of our cities to
morrow, mass hysteria would probab
ly cause the unnecessary loss of many
lives."
Many lives may be saved by wide
spread knowledge among doctors of
treatment methods and by a general
understanding of what happens in an
atomic explosion, said the Army.
The Army conceded, "There is no
known method of protecting those in
the immediate neighborhhod of an
atomic bomb when it explodes."
. In addition to the tremendous blast
of the explosion, the atomic bomb,
unlike any other explosion, kills with
radiation. The radiation produces
serious injury between one and a half
and two miles.
While there is not much even a
medical man can do about" victims
of the radiation produced in the split-
second explosion of the bomb, aid
can be given to those suffering from
radioactive dust, water or other ma
terial rendered poisonous by the nuc
lear fission explosion.
see that high quality seed are pro
aucea ana processed under certifica
tion regulations.
But, he continued, the seed produc
ers realize that good seed'alone will
not produce a good crop. They know
that the seed must be planted in a
properly prepared and fertilized seed
bed, and that the resulting crop must
oe properly side-dressed and cultivat
ed, if the true production power of
wie seed is to be realized.
To inform farmers as in thoeo
facts, the producers are placing a
yellow planting-instruction tag on
each, bag of seed produced. Approxi
mately 25,000 of these tags are to b
usea this year.
When the buyer of hybrid seed
corn finds both a blue certification
tag and a yellow planting instruction
tag on the bag, he not only receives
evidence of high -quality seed, but
also instructions as to how the seed
should be utilized for best results.
By saving the tag the buyer may use
the factors for converting yield of
corh produced from 50 feet of row in
to yields per acre.
Rather Funny
After having Worked his way up
to a high government position, a man
visited the English village where he
was Dorn. ,
"I suppose the people, here, Tom,
have heard of the honor that has
been conferred on me?" he asked an
old school fellow.
"Yes," was the gratifying reply.
"And what do they say about it?"
"They don't say anything," was the
reply. "They just laugh."
There's Nothing Like Milk
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SUMNER and HURDLE
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Good Seed Need Help
To Produce Good Crop
Good seed are important but thev
alone won't produce a good crop, says
Dr. R. P. Moore, director in 'charge
of the North Carolina Crop Improve
ment Association.
Members of the association who are
specializing in the production of high
quality certified hybrid seed corn
realize the importance of good plant
ing seed on North' Carolina farms,
Dr. Moore said. These seed produc
ers are now busy in their efforts to
Ml
fkeFresttestCaaiy
in town in at
DAGLEY'S
HERTFORD, N. C.
AT5
Ae AefU 'em
Behind the icencs of every
telephone company it a vital
worker you seldom hear about
the maintenance man. He
worked miracles with old
equipment during the war and
today he is constantly busy,
working to keep our facilities
in perfect order. The main
tenance man really is an un
sung telephone star.
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