The Rocky Mourn Herald
VOLUME 5, NO. 11
FOR EDUCATION
Federal grants to the States for
educational purposes have been
hastened by the report recently sub
mitted to Congress by the President
who received it from an Advisory
Committee on Education. Finding
"glaring inequalities in education
al opportunities, which "can be
adequately corrected" only by Fed
eral aid, the study recommends
the contribaation of $855,500,000 in
six years, divided into six major
funds.'
NEW FEDERAL AID
The first, of $40,000,000 in 193?
and increasing $20,000,000 a yea/,
would- be for general aid in the
operation and maintenance of pub
lic elementary and secondary
schools. A second, from $2,000,000
to $5,000,000' annually, for improve
ment in th e preparation of teachers;
the third, $20,000,000 to $30,000,000
annually, for construction of build
ings; the fourth, $1,000,000 to $2,-
000,000, for improvement of State
Departments of Education; the fifth,
$5,000,000 to sls/100,000, for civic,
general and vocation parttime ac
tivities and the sixth, $2,000,000 to
$5,000,000, for rural library service.
STATES TO CONTROL
Th e committee insisted upon Stata
control, plainly and exactly estab
lished by law, with the exception
of a provision that States main
taining separate schools for Negroes
provide an equitable distribution
of the funds without reducing the
proportion of present funds spent
on Negro schools. So jcompleto
will be State authority that local
authorities will have to decide
whether parochial and private
schools will share in the benefits,
However, the advisory group held
that the largest share should go to
rural schools, because the farm pop
ulation has a disproportionately
heavy educational load to be borne
on a lower per capita income.
The National Education Associa
tion, the largest teachers' organi
sation in the country, gave the re
port its official commendation after
a committee reported that the Pres
ident favored th e main principled,
that the money be distributed to
equalize educational opportunity for
the nation's children and the school
control be kept in the hands of
the States and local school districts.
It is interesting to point out that
Federal grants for educational pur
poses already exceed $50,000,000 a
year. They include vocational edu
cation iu public schools, rehabilita
tion of the physically disabled, in
struction at land-grant colleges, ag
ricultural experimentation and agri
cultural and home economics exten
sion work. The activities would not
be interfered with, except possibly
to be placed more clearly under
State control, and the new grants
are to be in addition to the sums
appropriated for the purposes men
tioned.
i ■
RE-ORGANIZATION BILL
The Senate last week debated tlio
administration's reorganization bill
with the measure under heavy at
tack from a group of Senators,
loosely identified a g the insurgent, or
anti-cowt-reform. Democrats and
Republicans opponents. Several
Presidents have attempted to solve
the problem of administrative effi
ciency presented by the 135 sepa
rate agencies of the government in
Washington. In 1932 Congress gave
President Hoover power to rear
rrlfc^e b ureauß w ith the B r0 *
vision that changes had to be sub
mitted to Congress, without effect
until sixty days, not even then if
either house passed a resolution it
disapproval.
The present measure including
the gist of two honse bills, provid
es for submission of reorganization
orders to Congress for .sixty days
but to prevent anji. of them from
taking effect a bill would have to
pass both house s and, if vetoed, se*
cure the necessary two-thirds to
thwart the change. Senator Byrnes
in charge of the bill, admitted at
the outset that no large percentage
(Please turn to page two;
"V
m /LiK«nci
WARN AGAINST
FRAUDS HERE
It is the desire of the Prosecut
ing Attorney to protect the citizens?
of Rooky Mount as fully as possible
from those individuals who make a
practice of soliciting used clothing
for the purpose of sale. The local
Police Department, as well as a"
lawful agencies I of the city have
been constantly called upon to pun
ish those individuals who solicit and]
secure clothing for the purpose ofi
sale and thereafer fail iu accounting'
for the proceeds to the rightful
owners. Many people of our city,
especially women, have unsuspect
ingly released custody of clothing
to certain individuals for the pur
pose of sale and have never been
able to get any money for them ?r
to get the clothing returned.
The manner in which the law per
taining to FALSE PRETENSE is
written makes it next to impossible
to secure ( a conviction for this par
ticular method of crime.
All citizens are urged to make
thorough inquiry into the character
of any person so soliciting before
placing their clothing in the hands
of such people. The local Police
Department will gladly cooperate by
giving any information which they
have concerning certain well known
individuals who take this method of
fleecing the public.
Respectfully,
H. Lynwood Elmorfj
Prosecuting Attorney, Rocky
Mount Recorders Court
Mrs. Fountain Is
Interred At Leggetts
Tarboro, March 13.—Mrs. Theo
dore Fountain, the former Miso
Maggie Leggett, 70, who died at her
home in Leggett Saturday evening at
6:30 after a long illness, wa s buried
Sunday afternoon i n the family
burying grounds at Leggett at 3:30
o'clock.
Funeral services were preached in
the home at Leggett by Rev. Mc-
Fayden, pastor of the Leggett Pres
byterian church, of which she was
a faithful member.
Mrs. Fountain wag also a member
of the United Daughters of ths
Confederacy.
Mrs. Fountain is survived by one
daughter: Mrs. Rurick Hammon, of
Leggett; four brothers: Wiley and
Frank Leggett of Leggett; Aubrey
and Logue Leggett of Tarboro; two
sisters: Mrs. Gertrude Piece, of
Rocky Mount and Mrs. Mattie Ed
wards of Leggett.
Poteat Rites
Conducted Monday
Wake Forest Suspends Classes Out
Of Respect To Departed Former
President
Wake Forest, March 14.—Classes
at WTake Forest college were sus
pended today in honor of Dr. W.
L. Poteat, president Emeritus of the
school, who died Saturday night af
ter a long illness.
Dr. Poteat had been connected
with Wake Forest college for 65
years. He was 81 years old.
was head of the united dry forces
in the state and was a former pres
ident of the State Baptist conven
tion.
The funeral was at 3 P. M. today
in the Wake Forest Baptist church,
The pallbearers: Dr. Thurman D,
Kitchen, president of Wake Forest,
Dean D. B. Bryan and Drs. O ,C;
Bradbury, C. C. Carpenter, C. S,
Black, W. E. Speas, A. C. Reid and
H. A. Jones, members of the facul
ty.
Dr. Poteat. had been in ill health
since last fall when he had a stroke
of paralysis. >
He was a native of Anson county.
Two hundred and forty-three
Mitchell County farmers have re
ceived checks amounting to $4,539.17
for participation in the 1937 Conser
vation program.
ROCKY MOUNT, NORTH CAROLINA, FRIDAY. MARCH 18, 1938
FRANCE AND
RUSSIA PLEDGE
AID TO CZECHS
T'.vo Countries Plan To Rush Fight
ing And Bombing I'lanes To Czech
oslovakia If Hitler Resorts To
Force To Achieve This Objective
Railway Lines Reported
Connected With Czech Transpor
tation Network Through Interyen-
Inu Rumanian Railway—Mutual
Assistance Pact Binds Nations To
gether.
Paris, March 16.—France and
Russia agreed today that both
would fight to defend Czechoslovakia
if she were attacked.
Jacob Suritz, Soviet ambassador
to France, called on Foreign Minis
ter Joseph Paul-Boncour at the
Quai D'Orsay and delivered assur
ances similar to those delivered by
the soviet ambassador to Praha—
that Russia would fight for the de
fense of her Czech ally.
Paul-Boncour replied to the as
surances with a promise that Franca
too would fight in the same cause.
Adolf Hitler, fuehrer of a realm
expanded last week by his Austrian
coup, has proclaimed himself the
"protector" of all Germanic peoples
on Germany's borders.
Incorporation of Czechoslovakia's
3,500,000 Sudenten Germans is be
lieved to be the next objective of
Hitler's pan-Germanism.
Both France and the Soviet union
planned to rush fighting and bomb
ing planes to Czechoslovakia if Hit
ler resorted to force to achieve this
objective, informed sources said.
MISS JOYNER
RESIGNS AS
CASEWORKER
Miss Myra Dale Joyner Will Assume
Similar Position In Durham
The resignation of Miss Myra
Dale Joyner as a social caseworker
with the Nash county department of
public welfare was announced by
J. A. Glover, public welfare super
intendent.
Miss Joynet resigned to accept a
similar position in Durham county,
Superintendent Glover stated. She
had been associated with the Nash
county department' since Septem
ber.
Superintendent Glover stated that
the vacancy in the Nash county de
partment will not be filled.
Criticize Law Of
Whipping Posts
Baltimore, Mar. 10.—Gov. Harry
Nice of Maryland today criticized
an ancient state law which permit
ted a wife beater to receive 20
lashes last week and suggested that
extended prison sentences be sub
stituted as punishment in such
cases.
Nice termed the whipping post,
at which three men have been lash
ed here in the last seven years, a
"relic" of barbarism."
"I don't think physical torture can
achieve the purpose of th e law,'*' he
said.
Nice promised to send a mess
age to the next legislature recom
mending repeal of the whipping
law.
CIVIL SERVICE EXAM
INATIONS ANNOUNCED
The United States Civil Service
Commission has announced open
competitive examinations for the
following positions:
Inspector of Clothing, $2,000 a
year, Quartermaster Corps, War De
partment.
Chief, Research and Statistical
Service, $1,600 a year, Oflfice of
Education, Department of the Inter
ior.
Full information may be obtained
from the Secretary of the United
States Civil Service Board of Exami
ners, at the post office or custom
house in any city which has a post
pffico of .the first or second class,
or from the United States Civil
Service Commission, Washington, D.
C.
China's Young Womanhood on the March
China's girls as well as boys are infused with a new spirit of pa
triotism. From Ihe schools the girls are enlisting. It is all voluntary
and now there are some 20,000 high school girls concentrated somewhere
in Hunan province. They are treated like the boys and like them are
trained to use small and heavy arms. Their main work, however, will
be to help the refugees during evacuations, first aid and similar special
work. The first contingent will be put on the field this month, with new
contingents being turned out each ensuing month. This picture was made
during target practice. The girls are taught to draw a proper six
o'clock bead (which means that they aim for where the hour hand would
be at six o'clock U the target were a clock).
Bailey's Record
Senator J. W. Bailey seems to have taken exemption to
an editorial appearing in our paper on March 4, in a let
ter to the Herald. The letter and editorial both being
printed in this issue. We do not desire to be unfair to
Senator Bailey. The Senator also owes a debt to himself
and the public also to be frank with them.
Now when Senator Bailey makes the statement, as he
does in this letter to the Herald, that he voted 70 per
cent of the matters proposed by the President of the Unit
ed States as recovery measures, it is going to be hard for
Senator Bailey to make the people of North Carolina be
lieve this or even his colleagues in the United States Con
gress. The Serator must have included in this average con
firmation of r'ostmasters and governmental employees as
proposed by Jiie President from time to time rather than
vital and tigWssary legislation proposed and inaugurated
by the Democratic Administration under the leadership of
President Roosevelt.
The Senator has given the editor of the Herald some ad
vice as to how he should write and this advice could be
well taken by the Senator himself, for frankness ought to
be one of the first attributes of a United States Senator.
Senator Bailey states that he voted to abolish holding
companies. Now what are the facts in this matter? It is
common knowledge that Senator Bailey led the fight of the
opposition to this bill and according to press reports he
offered 41 amendments which would have destroyed the
effect of the bill and after his amendments failed and he
saw the bill was going to pass we are told he did give his
vote when he knew that it was not needed and would do
no good.
Senator Bailey now says that he is not against crop con
trol and says that our statement is untrue as to his posi
tion. Our remembrances of Senator Bailey's record is that
he voted against the Triple A and gave great trouble when
President Roosevelt was first inaugurated and all the way
through and the new crop control act which was to take
the place of the Triple "A," was opposed by Senator Bai
ley all the way through. He made the statement accord
ing to press reports, that he did not vote for the bill be
cause it was unconstitutional and if constitutional he was
opposed to it anyway.
Senator Bailey is recognized as the eastern Senator from
North Carolina. Eastern Carolina is more interested in
crop control than any other section of th e country. It has
cotton, tobacco, potatoes, and peanuts, all basic crops. Bai
leys record so far has not satisfied these farmers and has
been as a barren fig tree and he knows it. It is too late
for him to deny it and get by with it, his record is writ
ten.
The editorial says that he voted against the relief bill
and the only one. He admits he did vote against the relief
bill and says that he has consistantly done so but why
should he get worried when people speak of it? A Sena
tors record is public property. Senator Bailey knows he
has opposed all of these recovery measures against the will
of the people he represents and he is now trying to cover
his tracks by saying that he was for them but he did not
like the President's methods of administration but the
trouble is that he does not like the President's way but
he wants it the Bailey way, but he has never offered any
way.
Now Senator Bailey has given the Rocky Mount Herald
some advice and may the Rocky Mount Herald give the
Senator some advice. Try to represent the people of your
district rather than pose as a great, constitutional seer. Do
the best you can for your people rather than try to repre
sent New York, they have able senators, who are fully
qualified to take care of their interest.
CROP CONTROL WINS BY GREAT MAJORITY
Governmental Crop Control wins bu such a majority
that there can he no doubt about the feeling of the farm
er. Tobacco control went over by 86 per cent plus vote
and cotton by 92 percent plus vote. This is for the v'
cotton and tobacco belt.
North Carolina voted 150,226 votes in favor of toij. u
control with 17,113 against. North Carolina voted 126,838
for cotton control and 15,232 against.
Nash and Edgecombe counties both did therm ; >
proud in the voting. Edgecombe county gave 2,711. v
only 21 votes against for cotton control and gave 3,237
(Please turn to page two)
HANCOCK APPEALS FOR NEW
DEMOCRACY IN SPEECH HERE
URGES TAX ON
RADIO PROFITS
Texas Solon Cites Earnings In De
pression; Says Columbia System
Swims In Watered' Stock
A tax on tlio gross income of ra
dio broadcasting' stations was ad
vocated this Week by Chairman
Frank R. McNinch of the Federal
Communications Commission. The
suggestion brought yells of anguish
from propagandists for Big Busi
ness. In Congress, however, the pro
posal received a warmer reception
Congressman W. D. McFarlahe
(Dera., Texas) insisted that the tax
had been too long delayed and em
phasized a number of reasons why
it should be incorporated in tax
legislation now pending before thj
House.
By capitalizing government wavi>
length permits for which they do
not pay a penny, McFarlane point
ed out, radio broadcasters have an
annual income from advertising of
$144,000,000. He added:
"Surely, when the government ia
in such need of new fields to tax,
here is one of the juciest that can
be found."
McFarlane told the story of the
Columbia Broadcasting System to
illustrate that there is little value
behind radio securities.
Securities and Exchange Commis
sion records disclose, he said, that
the total investment in the Colum
bia network is only $1,540,000, but
that successive applications of water
have inflated its securities to $52,-
140,100, a large part having been
sold to the public.
Up to last year Columbia paid div
idends of more than $8,000,000 or
more than five times its entire in
vestment. Last year, from a gross
income of $28,000,000, it reported
a profit of more than $4,000,000, or
300 per cent profit in a time of de
pression!
"In the light of these figures,"
McFarlane asked, "can radio afforl
to pay a license fee of 10 per cent
on its income? The answer is au
emphatic 'yes!' "'
A better solution, he insisted,
would be for the government to
break the monopoly by taking ovei
the great chains and operating them
under government ownership.
College Shows
Collection Prints
Group By Miss Mabel Pugh, Peace
Art Teacher, Also on Exhibit
An interesting collection of Block
prints by 20 modern artists is now
on exhibit at the Burwell Memor
ial Library at Peace Junior Col
lege.
The prints, the property of t.'.o
Printmakers Society of California,
wer e loaned to the General Feder
ation of Women's Clubs, having
been recently shown at the Raleigh
Woman's Club. Peace was able to
obtain the prints through the cour
tesy of Mrs. W. J. Andrews.
In addition to the Printmaker's
collection, a group done by Miss
Mabel Pugh, Peace art teacher, is
shown with the original linoleum,
wood or metal blocks used in their
production. The blocks, used by Miss
Pugh in illustrating the book,
"Twelve Royal ladies," by Sidney
Dark, are also seen.
An invitation to visit Peace and
enjoy the exhibit is extended to all
those interested
W. R. Rodgers of Stantonsburg,
Greene County, installed 950 feet of
drainage tile on his farm this past
winter.
NOTICE
r i • . ..»j t»
Those desiring to subscribe to The Rocky Mount
Herald may do so by sending SI.OO with name and ad
dress to The Rocky Mount Herald, Rocky Mount, N. €.
i
Name _ , /
Towa Stat® Rout* f
— State (Uni. VLr> I
SI.OO PER YBAg
Congressman Declares America Maat
Re-Adjust But Must Maintain
Freedom
SPEECH WELL RECEIVED
American government needs t*
change to meet new world condi
tions, hut in the change it most
avoid dictatorship and it must pre
serve freedom, a new "social free
dom," Congressman Prank W. Han
cock of Oxford declared last night
in an address before the Current
Topics Club in the Y. M. C. A.
"The problem which we must face
if We are to perpetuate democracy •
in America," he maintained, "is
nothing less than how to adjust our
institutions under the new circum
stances created, by the vast finan
cial and economic changes Of tho
past generation so as to multiply 4
effectively, and distribute with a
more decent approach to fairness,
the products of the earth, the fruits
of labor and the unprecedented
gifts of science—and do this with
out destroying human liberty."
He warned against dictatorship
and spoke the need for maintaining
freedom:
"Let u 3 recognize that the free
dom in which so many of our peo
ple are interested is a social free
dom in a better ordered world and
not th e lawless individual freedom
of the days of the mining camp and
the frontier. If, however, our free
dom is to change its form, let us
be sure that it continues to be fres
dom."
Visualizing a present world con
flict between two powerful forces,
democracy and dictatorship, Con
gressman Hancock explained how Eu
ropean nations came to submit to
dictatorial rult:
"In the dictatorial countries we
find that the great middle classes
and the rulers of large industry pre
ferred order to the necessary confu
sion of freedom. They preferred
efficiency t'o freedom. They hope!
for order. We find, however, that
for their freedom they got indus
trial and personal slavery. They
have shown us with startling clear
ness that there is no safe substi
tute for freedom."
If America hopes to keep out of
the dictatorial maelstrom that ha*
engulfed European nations, the con
gressman declared, America must
adapt its government to the social
needs that were emphasized, he said,
by the last depression.
If it expects to survive, American
democracy must remodel its machin
ery to cope with present problems
like unemployment, insecurity, lack
of opportunity for youth and en
terprise and "rapacity and chicanery
in the financial world," the Con
gressman stated.
"What America needs today is an
aroused and effective public opinion
from that vast mass of her citi
zens who are neither so-called econ
omic royalists nor proletarian seek
ers for relief or bounty; who have
no favor to ask from the govern
ment and who pay its bills; that
great middle class, which in this
disordered and menacing world is
the main bulwark for American de
mocracy, which still believes in
freedom and will not consent know
ingly to it s being destroyed," Con
gressman Hancock expressed his
opinion.
greatest danger confronting
America today," he commented, "is
that of overburdening the competent
the resourceful, the enterprising an.l
self-reliant leaders in this great mid
dle class."
John M. King, Rocky Mount at
torney, presented the congressman
to a capacity .audience that filled
the Y. M. C. A. dining room.
W. Marshall Spears, chairman of
the program committee, announced
that Professor C. M. Heck of Stato
(Please turn to page two)