NEWS
Carmichael:Pan-Africanism the correct solution
Debra Harris
Staff Writer
“For every problem,” believes
Black activist Stokely Carmichael,
“there is one correct solution.” The
solution to Black oppression in
Africa and all the world is the ob
jective of the All-African People’s
Revolutionary Party. Carmichael
endorsed socialism and opposed the
capitalistic system when he spoke
at UNC March 16 and 17.
According to Carmichael, the
goal of the All-African People’s
Revolutionary Party is Pan-African-
ism. Pan-Africanism is “total libera
tion and unification of Africa under
scientific socialism”. When this ob
jective is achieved, Carmichael says
that Africans will be free.
Carmichael noted, “Until our
people become conscious of this
fact, that this is the only solution,
until our people begin to organize
themselves to implement this solu
tion, we will never be free.”
The worst form of capitalism,
Carmichael explained, was suffered
by Black people during slavery, be
cause the slaves worked and others
benefited from their work. In the
capitalist system a few own and
produce, while “those who labor do
not enjoy the fruits of their labor.”
While acknowledging that so
cialism and capitalism are both eco
nomic systems, Carmichael pointed
out their differences. The motivat
ing force of capitalism is profits,
he said, but the motivating force of
socialism is service to humanity. In
a socialist system people own and
control the means of production,
so there is no private ownership.
For those concerned that socialism
is nothing but a “welfare state”
with everybody receiving hand outs
Carmichael emphasized that “those
who work eat; those who do not
work, do not eat.”
When asked about the possi
bility of Pan-Africanists merging
with the white working class,
Carmichael responded that “white
people should organize themselves
and we should organize Black peo
ple.”
Carmichael is perhaps best re
membered for his espousal of
“Black Power”. During the ’60s he
was a member of the Black Pan
thers and leader of the Student
Nonviolent Coordinating Commit
tee.
Rehearing petition granted
Bemadine Ward
News Editor
“I think we have a good
chance to win the case because we
have outside support, good attor
neys and student concern.” This
comment was made by Black Stu
dent Movement Chairperson Byron
Horton concerning the 4th Circuit
Court’s March 21 decision to re
verse a previous ruling, and grant
the university a petition for rehear
ing.
The court ruled m January,
that the university’s guarantee of
minority representation on Campus
Governing Council and on Honor
Court were invalid. It was later de
cided to petition for rehearing.
Susan Ehringhaus, Assistant to
the Chancellor, met with several
BSM and student government offi
cials March 21, to discuss the
court’s decision to deny the peti
tion. Later that day, she received a
call informing her of the court’s
reversal. “We are pleased,” stated
Ehringhaus, “but we don’t know
why (the court rescinded its rul
ing).” Supplemental briefs are due
by April 15 and the rehearing later.
Horton disagreed with the
court’s earlier ruling that the
guarantees were without compelling
state interest. He stated that the
court ruled on the merits of the
case, but “we have never addressed
them. We have to prove that UNC
merits these guarantees.”
Better communication
goal of first tri-state gathering
Bemadine Ward
News Editor
The weekend of March 18-20,
was a historic one for UNC’s
Black populace. It marked the first
time since admission of Black stu
dents here, that a conference to
establish contacts between Black
students in other states has ever
been held on this campus.
Several predominantly Black
and white institutions from North
and South Cafolina and Virginia
were represented at the Black Stu
dent Movement-sponsored confer
ence. The 4th Circuit Court’s in
validation of the university’s guar
antee of minorities on CGC and on
Honor Court was the impetus for
the tri-state conference.
According to Cynthia Baker,
Daily Tarheel photo by Martha Stevens
Racism, profit linked
coordinator, the conference’s main
purpose was “to inform the three
states about the case and its ramifi
cations. We want them to realize
that it includes everybody and we
want to establish a center of com
munication between states. We
need to know what’s going on, not
only in times of crisis.”
The affair included speakers
and workshops in communications,
law, research and resources, and
publicity. Dr. Sonja Stone, co
director of the Southeastern Re
gional Black Press Institute, was
one of several speakers at the open
ing session. Stone said that young
Blacks “have a historic mission they
cannot turn their backs on.” Stone
told the group that “to come to
gether potentially could make you
a very awesome force.”
Bemadine Ward
News Editor
March 25 was a beautiful
spring day and the noon hour on
Duke University’s campus was
much like that on any other cam
pus. Students and instructors
rushed to grab a bite to eat in the
cafeteria or bought sandwiches
from one of several bake sales going
on at the time.
Bodies were parked on bench
es and on the ground. A platform
with mikes was set up- the scene of
an outdoor band perhaps. But it
wasn’t. It was the scene of speeches
calling for, as posters beared wit
ness, the end of U.S. involvement
in South Africa.
“We are doing this,” stated
Reche Williams, “in response to a
call by the National Student Coali
tion against Racism. The call was
for nation-wide local demonstra
tions concerning the South African
situation.” According to Williams,
President of Duke Black Student
Alliance, the rally is one of many
others held on university and col
lege campuses all across the nation.
The demands of the rally were
that the U.S. get out of South Afri
ca, that Duke divest itself of stock
in South Africa, and the racism in
this country and abroad be ended.
Particular concern was ex
pressed because Terry Sanford,
Duke University president, is on the
Board of Directors of ITT, which
has investments in South Africa.
Admitting that some would
criticize the demands as being too
broad, WiUiams elaborated. “When
we say that the U,S. should get out
of South Africa, we mean that the
U.S. government, the pentagon, the
central and defense intelligence
agencies and multi-national corpo
rations based in the United States
of America must severe all political,
economical, military, and diplomat
ic ties with South Africa and Rho
desia, for as long as the racist white
governments are in .power.”
Concerning the second de
mand, Williams stated, “By owning
stocks and shares in corporations
that are subsidiaries of multi
national corporations or stock in
multi-national corporations them
selves. . .Duke University and Duke
power indirectly support the status
quo of South Africa. Investment is
tantamount to complicity, with the
existing state of affairs.”
Williams believes that apart
heid in South Africa and racism in
America are linked. “If we fight
racism and oppression in South
Africa, we must fight racism and
oppression in our own back yard.
The same reasons apartheid is en
couraged by businesses and cor
porations in South Africa are the
same reasons racism is encouraged
in the U.S. today. to maintain
stability, to divide the working
class, and to maximize profits.”
Both Williams and Delores
Rigby of the Radical Academic
Union cited examples of how they
felt U.S. investment supported
apartheid in South Africa.
Rigby declzired, “President
Sanford argues that corporations
should stay in South Africa because
their presence will make conditions
better for the African majority. We
disagree. . .Corporations went to
South Africa because of the bene
fits caused by the system of apart
heid. That system offers them
maximum control over cheap Black
labor, political stability and high
profits. They did not consider the
cost in human terms.”
Besides Duke Black Student
Alliance, and the Radical Academic
Union, the Alliance Against Racism
and Political Oppression, the Com
mittee Against Racism, the Nation
al Student Coalition Agsunst Rac
ism, and several representatives of
the local Duke Labor Union, also
sponsored the rally.
Duncan Hick of the Commit
tee Against Racism and Gary Sage
of the National Student Coalition
Against Racism were other speak
ers. Following the rally, a question
and answer session was held. The_^
next day, a picket line was to be
formed around the Federal Building
in Raleigh, as another means of
protesting U.S. involvement in
Africa.