The news in this publica
tion is rele«sed for the press on
the date indicated below. No
credit need be given.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
Bureau of Extension of the Uni
versity of North Carolina.
DECEMBER 2, 1914
CHAPEL HILL, N. C.
VOL. L NO. 3
£diurial Hoard? E. C. Brnnsoii, J. G. d^I?.
Hamilton. L. K. Wilson. Z. V. Jiidd, S, K.
Winters.
EntevKl as st'Cond-(.'la=>i matter^Noveinhov 14,
1914, rttthe poatoffice at Chapel Hill, N. C.,
\ind(T the a*t of August 24. 1912.
CAROLINA CLUB NOTES
ELBOW-ROOM FOR BELGIANS
Weriiuld [iiil a luillioii l?cli;ian lai-ini‘r!
into Dur wil(l(>rn('ss s(>ai'cs in Nintli CaNT^
liua. on iai'iiis a.«i lai'jic aw tlioy hail in
tli* lionio ciMinti'y, and slill lia\c left
-'iv(‘r a \viliU‘rn('ss ai'i'a liitjgci- tliaii licl-
■giinn.
()nr laml-ownci's iMuld aH'orit 1> give
llinn ten acres ^a|iiero, jiay fhcii' jiassajjc
iutci tiu‘ state, and start them nii’xNilli
Iniildinfis and wiiilistnek free of ccist.
These stiilkHi, tlii-ifty , truek-Krowers,
stoek-breeder.s and dairy faiiners would
tjring the n'niainiug Hvclve million waste
iK're.s into the market within two j-t^ais at
Jive limes their present value.
It w'onid he a saie .s]ieculation, to say
iiotliing of the hnmanity of the |iro]iosi-
tion.
We need moi'e i>eoj)le in Ndrtli Caro-
iiiu): that is to say, thoi-c peoiilo like
these Belgians. If we ofi'er fr‘(> or prar-
tieally free homesteads to these landless
people, they will come. Other states are
jnoving in this matter.
WONDERFUL FARMERS
Tlie I'Uaiiings took a sand lieap in west
Belgium and made a garden paradise of
it; for Flanders wa.s literally that hefon
the Gemians laid'its wa.ste the other day.
1'hest' farniej's took a barren |>eat bed
4»nnind Maltnes in north Belgium and
Coiivert**d it- into a pi inie dairy fann r(>g-
io-n.
Wliat woulil they 'do, if they had a
i.-hanoe, in onr .Ulieniarle. I’amlico, and
'a|)e Fear r>gions?
OATS PRODUCTION IN NORTH
CAROLINA
»>ur 1914 crop of oats is 4,025.000 hu,,
■or'460,000 bnsliels le.ss than la.st year.
We rai.sed this yi'ar only two pints )>er
day per w'ork-aninial.
Tn total production our rank i.s 10th
-among the 13 Soutliorn Statw, The tt'ii
year average CQnsiderd,our rank is 12th.
Ill per acre oats proiiuction in 19M the
."Southern iStates ranked, as follows:
1. Oklahoma 28 l)nsliels,
.2. Louisiana 25 “
2. '1’exa.M 25 “ ,
4. .Arkan.si'w 24.5 “
5. Mif«iasii>|>i 23 “
5. TeniKw,se,e 23 “
7. Alabama 22 ,
8. Keiitu(4ty 21.5 “
9. Cxoorgia 20.5 “
10, North(’arolimi 20 “
11, South (’anilina 17,5 “
12. Florida 17 "
13. Virginia 15.5 “
NOT THE FARMER S FAULT
.lohiisoii City, Kast Teune.see. imports
nine car loads of Michigan and (Califor
nia beaus per year—.some $25,000 worth,
.says The Stafl', of that c'ity,
Tleir. is a .snug little fortune that ought
to go into the poeket.s of Wa.shington
■county farniera year by year.
The Teuiie.ssee [iai)er.s are poising fun
Ht them. Hut the ehance.sare that .lohn-
siou City ha.s no ( ity market, oi' a poorly^^
managed city market. The fanner d(>es
utit like to pc^ddle iii.s wares from houw'
to house. He .shrinks from it. ami so
would you.
liere i.s a problem for the City Board
■of Trade- There are hvnnlreis of .similar
proble.m.s for tht^ hu.sin’ess men in other
iiouthern cities.
WELL-FILLED BREAD BAS
KETS
i Xong-raage siege-giuu- will play .■(
large i^art in the struggle of modern
natioiLS. But well-tilled bread-baskets
wiU come ne,arer determining the waver
ing chinices of war.
Grim .starvation .sets laiiceij at rest and
■silencea gnn.s when nothing else avails.
Geiman fannera rais^ 94 i>ei' cent of all
the food consumed by the Gemiaii peo
ple. They have well-filkd bread-basket**.
An army crawls and tights ui>rm its l>elly.
said Mapaleou.
The account with Geiniany will not be
dosed uatil Inuiger, on one aide or the
"Other, draws a national balance sheet.
PLAYS, GAMES AND FAIRY
STORIES
\
The following li.st of books, was com
piled by tlie rniver.sity Librarian on
-Nov.ember 23rd in answer to a letter from
a .\ortIi Cai'olina teachei' «'ho i.s intere,st-
ed in teaching her pupils play.s, games
and faii-y sfiiries. All the books are
splendidly illustrated and can be secured,
if bought through a general book supply
house.at a .sHglit discouJit frcjin adverti.sed
|>rice.
lialdwin, .lanie.s-—Story ,of the Golden
Age. .^cribner. .SI.50,
Bald will, .lanies—Story of Roland.
Sciibner. $1,50.
lialdwin. .lames—Story of SiegJ'ried.
Scrit.ner. $1.50.
ISancidft. .1. II.—Games foI- the I’lay-
ground. Ibime. S(*hool, and (iymnasitim.
Macmillan. J2.50.
r.urchenal, lOlizabetli—l''olk-iances and
Singing (.iames, .Schinner, $1,50
I’yle, Howard—Story ot' King .Vrtlinr
and his Ivnights. Scribner. $3.00.
i’yle. Howard—.Merry Adventures of
l!obinhi>od. Scribnei', $2,50,
Harris, .1. ('.—l.'ucle Reinus. hi.s S(.)ngs
and his Sayings. .\ppletm. $2.00,
Grimm—Hou.sehold Tales, Macmillan
$1,50,
.\ndersoii. H.C. — l'’airy Tales, Dodge.
$1,50,
Lang, ,\ndrcw—Blue I'airy liook, II-
lu.strated by Ford. Longman. $2.00.
.luhnston, (i. 1'^,—What to Do at
Ktre.ss, (iinii. 25 cents.
.lohn.s-ton. (x. K.—l'’.ducation by Plays
and Games, (iinn. si.10.
A CAROLINA CLUB
SENTIMENT
President of the University of
North Carolina
(hir great lesson, bitterly hard [to
learn but holding the infinite secret of
individual and nationa.1 fn'edom that
we seek, and tlie grear lesson that we
will l('arn, is that tliese streetj^. and
stores, and chnrch('s anil all tlie re.st.
ai'e but "folds across the face of (iod”
and the “Thy uilT’ for which wc'
daily pray will be done here and now
f>r nowheri'; and tliat banking, agri-
ciiUure, [education, fre('ilom ['and lil'e
it.self are'but' instruments for[[lindiiig
tite common (jodinSthe common^good
and making through fMir daily task
His will prevail. — F. K. Traham
OUR WILDERNESS AREAS
T\\(‘nty-t\\ ii million acres of «ildenu'.ss
and waste area in .North Carolina.
Nearly twice as much land as seven mil
lions Belgians have had under the plow
in their little pocket-liandkerchief farms.
THE ANNUAL FEED OF DO
MESTIC ANIMALS
I'poii an average, tlic feed consumed
i)y a horse or mill,- in tlie I'un of a year
is 29,2 Im, of corn. 21 bn. of oats, 1.1 bn.
of barley, and 1.19 tonsofhay; oraround
50 bu. of grain, and one and a tifth tons
of liay. Cost per year, $39.39.
'I'he feed of a milk cow iieryt'ar is 11.1
bn. of corn, 2.7 bn. of oats. .4 bu, of bar-
l(‘y. ,92 tons of hay. (’ost [>er year,
.■^IS.SS.
'I'he per capita feed of other cattle jier
yea'v is aj'ound $S^09; swine $6.69; slieej)
$1.79.
TIu'se liguresare ba.sed on the averages
of the last five years.—Federal Farmers'
Bulletin, Oct. 16', 1914.
'I’he average annual cost of t'ood per
pi'rson in the South .\tlantic States is
around .$84.
EXTENSION BULLETINS
R(>)ue.sts have been receiv(‘d from all
parts of the country for copies of the
Kxtension Bulletins i.ssued by the t'ni-
versity on {^o-oj>erativi; Institutions,
among ('atawba County l'’armers, A
Syllabus for Ilome-County Club Studies,
and I'ublic l)i,scu.s.sions and Debate.
'i’lie complete li,St ofbnlletins, any of
whicii will be sent upon request, follows:
1. .\ Professional Library foi' 'I’eacliers
in Secondarj' Schools,
2. .\ddre.s.s(>,s' on Hducation for U.se in
Declaiming, Kssay Writing, and Read-
ing.
3. K.vtension Lecttnvs for Xorth Caro
lina commnnitie.'.
4. Corre.s]iond(>nee Course-s.
5. The Initiative and Referendum.
6. Public Discu.ssion and Debate.
7. I'niversity Kxtension.
8. Co-operative ln,stitutions .\niong the
l-'ainiers of ('atawlia County.
9. Syllabus of Home-Coujity Club
Studies.
10. Part I — Kxtension Lectures for
North Carolina Connnnnitie,s; Part H—
Correspondence-Coui'ses.
11. Ship Subsidies.
A SPEND-THRIFT SYSTEM
(In the basis of tiu'se avi'rag(>s, the
food and feed ciuisunied by man and
beast in North ('arolina in tlie census
y('ar was $21S,500,000.
The home-raiseil food and fetxl. count
ing both cro[)s and animal products, r(>-'
ported for the Slate in. the 1910 c('usus,
was around $99,000,000.
This is to say. North Carolina bought
that year, fi'oni the tuotl-fanuei’s of the
middle West, $119,000,000 worth of bread
and meat!
Onr cotton and tol)aeeo crops failed to
l>ay this bill by $42,000,000!,
Is it any wonder that tln> food-farniers
of lou a are \Vorth $3,3S6 apiece, counting
men. women, and children!
The per I’ajiitii wealth of onr country
liojiulations rangi's fi’om $47 in Dare
County to $560 in .Vlleghany!
Where North Carolina Stands
in Per Acre Yield of Cotton—
1913 Crop
In total |>rY(lue.tion. .North Carolina
ranketl 8th among the 14 cotton growing
states.
In per-acre yi('lding power she rankixl
4th. But* upon a ten-year average, her
rank is 2nd.
In per-acre cotton [iroduction in 1914
the statw ranked a.s follows:
1. t'alifoniia
500 pounds
2. Mi.s.souri
286
3. N'irginia
240 “
4. North Carolina
239
5. South Carolinji
235 “
6. Tenne.sse(^
210 “
7. Georgia
208 '•
.8. .-\rkaiLSas
205 "
9. Missi.ssippi
204 “
10. Alabama
190 “
11. Ixxiisiana
170 “
12. Florida
150 “ ^
12. 't’exas
150 “
14. Oklahoma
^32 “
'Phe thn^ states ontianking North Car
olina raised barely more than a hundi-ed
thousand bales all told.
Twenty-nine coijntie.s of the state rai.se
nearly foui-tiftks of our cotton cj-o|).
'I'hirty-three counties rai,se practically
none at all. orjees than 8.000 bates all
told.
No Merry May-Pole Dance For
Them
' 'I'he 1910 census voltniie on ()ecupations
is full of surprises. For instanct', we uswl
to think tlyat the child,labor in'oblem eou-
cerued mill workers mainly,
.Now look at the figures for boys from
10 to 13 years of yge in .North Carolina:
'Fotal engaged in gainful m’cn-
pations 53,457
Kngtig(>l in agriculture 47.884
Hirtxl out for fann and
dairy farm work 7,560
In the cotton mills,as bobbin boys,
dod'ers, carriers, and spinner-s
mainly 2,304
'I'he figur*-s t'or little girls of the.se ages
in North Carolina are ev(>n more start
ling. They are worth studying thought
fully:
'Potal engagtnl in gainful occu
pations 30,S22
Kngaged in agrieultii*re' 26,196
Hirei out for farm and dairy
farm work 3.64o
In cotton mills, as sjiinners,
winders, sjioolei's, weavers,
and knitting mill oiM'ratives 2,319
The chi4iiren of temler agj; engaged in
some kind of farm work.outnunilH>r the
childiT'n in the mills moiv than sixteen to
one.
Tbe.se tigures throv\ light on rural illit
eracy. Only 7,440 native whit*' illiter
ates in North Cai'ijlina live in towns and
cTties; in the country regions they’m'lni-
ber 124,552.
'I'he little hired-out fartii l>ty.s. 10 to 13
years old, _onttunnbM- the bi>ys in the
mills more than thi'i'e to one; and the
hired-out farm girls outninnliei- the little
mill gills more than tbn>e to'two.
Here i.s no merry may-pole dance.
For many or most of these children, life
is a LDart h through burning, dem^rt .sand.s.
WHERE UNIVERSIY STU
DENTS COME FROM
of the 980 .students enrolled this year
at the I’niversity of .North Carolina, alt
except 54, that is 94.5 ]>er cent, are from
North Carolina, From outside the State
conu' students as follows: South Carolina
21, Florida 9, N'irginia 5, Tennessee 4,
(ieorgia 2, Texas 2, District of Columbia
2, Persia 2. Louisiana 1, .Mississippi 1,
.Marylanil 1. Illinois 1. , New M(>xico 1,
('uba 1, :ind .lapaii 1.
The lollo^\ing North Carolina counties
have liv(“ or mon'stmlents: (Irange47.
Wake 45. .Mecklenburjr 42. Huni'ornbe 35
(iuilford34. Forsyth 29, Wnyne 26, ,\la-
nianci'22. Durham 20, Rowan 20. Beau-
t'ort 17. (lastoii 17. (iraiiville 17. .lohns-
ton 17, Surry 15. Wilson 15, Clevelanrl 14,
.New Hanover 13, I'nion 13, Sampson,12,
Biii'ke 11, Da\'idson 11, Henderson 11,
Caldwell 10, Craven 10, (iumlierland 10,,
I'.dgi'cumbe 10, Ilalit'ax 10, Rockingham
10, Catawba 9, I'ranklin 9, Iredell 9,
Robeson 9, Wilkes 9. Haywood 7, Pitt 7.
Bertie7, .\lexander 6, Chatham 6, Let'6,
Macon 6. Montgomei-y 6, .Nash 6. Pamli
co 6. \'ance 6. Yadkin 6, Carteret 5,
Hariu^tt 5. Madi.Min 5, ami Randol|)li*5.
The following lui\(' le.ss than tive: Ashe
•Uleghany. .\n.son, Brunswick. Cabarrus,
Caswell. ('herokee, Chowan, Columbus,
Gates, (ireene, Hertford, I joke, Hyde,
■lack.sou. .lones, Lenoir, Lincoln, McDow
ell, Martin, Moore, Northampton, Ons
low, Pa.si)Uotank, Pender, Per(|uimans,
Per.son, Pitt, Richmond, Rutherford,
Scotla-nd, Stanly, Stokes, 'I'yrrell, War
ren. Washington. Watauga, and Yancey,
'I'he following counties are nnrepre.sent-
eil: BIalen. Camden. Clay, Currituck,
Dare, (rrahain, Mitchell, Polk, Swain,
and 'I'ransvlvania,
A GREAT TOBACCO GROWING
STATE
Kentucky alone excepted, N(nth Coro-
lina leads tlu> I'nited Stnt'-s’in the pro
duction ot tfibacco.
Our 1913 cro]> was 167.400.000 lbs.
Nine countie,s i-aise about one-half of
the crojl
LETTER NO. 5, UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
A Helpful Plan.
little school in the north-eastern part
ot this state wislasl to arou.se ,school
spirit and awak(>n the patrons to a realiz
ing •s^'ii.se of the value of a school in any
community, 'I'he superintendent there
fore worked U|j what he called a "Field
Day,” 'I'he program follow:
I'ormation of school.
Pre.sentation of colors, warded to
the grade with the best marching record.
Review.
Hundred yai'il dash.
Sack race.
.shoe tying contest.
Rnuuing high jump,
'I'llree-legged race,
1 Inman hoop race.
Running high junip.
Barrel boxing,
(>ne mile relay race.
Tug of war,
'I'he committee in charge were boys,
from till'.school, \\'as it a sucee.ssV Well
try it in your .school aud see. Write and
tell us all a bout it.
Another Helpful Plan
-V county superintendent in the w estern
part of the state has anotlu'r valuable
plan. He.says: “The one thing which I
think has stinuilatt'«i public int('rest in
the Schools of the county more than any
thing else «is the annual school (‘xhibit
given at the county .seat near the close of
thf'school term. 'I'his exhibit consistiM.1
of essays, notebooks, drawing, penman-
shij), wood carving, .sewing, and baa-
k('try,
''I saw the ri'.snlt ot this interest this
year when making application to the
county board of commissioners for a
sjH'cial tax in order that we might have
a six months’ si-hool in ev'ery district in
the county, 'I'he commissioners not
only gave the extra tax I ask>il, but
alter going over my estimates maile the
tax largi'r than I had thought of asking.
The most gratifying asp^ect of that is that,
so tar as 1 know, th(> increa.sed levy nuvts
the ap])roval of all the principal ta.xi)ay-
ei-s of the county.” (From Federal Kilu-
cation Bureau Bulletin 1914, No. 25. )
Why not begin to ])lan now' for .such
an exhibit in (>very county of the state.
SWINE 111 NORTH CAROLINA, 1910 CENSUS
PER THOUSAND ACRES
' . ^ ■!. M. D.ANIKL, .1 r., David.sim Corlnly Club.
Rank Knmber
1. .lohnston ' . 121
2. Greene 112
3. Chovian 107
4. P-itt 9S
5. Hertford 93
6. Wayne 87
7. Lenoir ,S4
.S. Wil.son 83
9. Perquimans 82
10. Sam|)son : . . . 80
11. Northampton 7S
11. Martin 78
13. Pasquotank 74
14. Bertie 71
14. Duplin 71
16. P>lgeeombe 68
17. Columbus 65
18. (iat\s 63
19. Harnett 59
20. Onslow 56
21. Currituck 55
21. Nash 55
23. Robeson 53
24. W'ashington 51
25. Brunswick 49
25. .Jones 49
27. Halifax 47
28. Beaufort 46
28. Camden 46
30. Pender 44
31. Oi>mlxM-land 43
32. Foi'syt'h 41
33. Pamlico 40
34. Craven 39
35. Davie 36
35, Tranklin T. 36
35. Vance 36
38. Yancey..... 35
;^8. Rowan 35
38. Davidsin 35
41, Gaston 34
41. ln»dell - .34
41. Warivn 34
44. Mad’uson i 33
.44. Wake 33
46. aay 32
46. Tyrell ...: 32
48. Alamance 31
48, Catawba 31
Rank Number
48, Granville 31
48, Person 31
52, ;\lleghany 30
52, Ashe ' 30
52, t'.laden 30
52, Chatham,,,.* 30
52. (-inilford 30
52. Lee 30
52. New Hanover 30
52. "^'adkin 30
60. .lackson 29
61. Cherokee 28
61, Durham 28
61, Lincoln 28
61. Mit'hell 28
65. Hyde 27
65. .Macm 27
65. Mecklenburg 27
65. Scotland 27
69. Randolph 26
69. Stanley 26
71. Cabarrus 25
71. T'nitm 25.
73, Buncombe 24
7:-!. (Jarteret, 24
73, Graham 24
73. Haj^vood 24
73. Rockingham 24
7S. Caswell 23
78. t!leveland 23
80. Alexander 22'
80. Orange ^ 22
80. Watauga 22
SO. W'ilke^» 22
84. Anson 21
84. Surry 21
84. Moore 21
87 Rutherloi'd 20
87. Stokas 20
89. Burke 19
89. Henderson 19
91. Caldwell 17
92. Richmond 16
92, Transylvania * .16
94. McDowell 15
95. Swain 14
96. Montgomery 13
97. Polk r 12
98. I>are g