The news in thii publica
tion IS released for the press on
the dale indicated beiow.
the university of north CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Carolina
for its Bureau of Extension.
APRIL 14, 19L‘i
CH APE I . HILL. N. C.
\ 0L. I. NO. 21
editorial Hoard: K. C’. Branson..!. U. rloK. Hamilto!’ I.,. H Tn.M ]’ r i n' , ,
_ ^ ' ' ' • iwt'i.N-1.. .A. Willimn.-,, Kntcn.,1 :.S >, .'on(l-,-las,^ matter Xov.-ni)KT J-l. liiH. at tli« posr-.iKc.. at Ohai.t-l Hill, X. (uml.-r thea.-t .,f Anjru-^t'.'I. IDI-J.
©UR BILLS FOR
FEED AND FOOD STUFFS
111 tlic tal)l(! tiuit hiilciws, .\ir, (i.yiruc
W, F.ru.lsli av\ 111' the Runildipli ('oumy
al llic Cniversity. sIkavs tin' loml
and conHiiim'cl liy man aiiil boasl in
each (■(lunly inure ituui llic I'arrus i.l' llic
,i'(iiinty in the,census year.
Tli‘ lifiiirrs an- iiasi-d ii|m)ii inoil i-rojis
:iin(i aniiniil |)riHiuct,s as (‘xliibitcd in th'c
13lli ('(‘nsiis I'c'poi t, and iipi'n llic avcraKi's
•of iK'r caiiita atimnd (■(iiisiimption an-
iiouiKvil I'liiin time Id time by tin-
.al I>('|>ar(nii'nl nl' Asji'icultiifc.
XcitluT the figures >l' tlu“ rcnsus iicir
Mr, I'.iadsliau'.s us' ol' can ht* un-
derelxMid as coiniilctc and tiiial totaN of
food |ii'odnc(ion : so, for manifest iTa.soiis.
Blit in l)o(li alike the e,niiities of rlie
stare and tlie states if the rnion an* Mk-
iired u])on ilie same basis and in this
way tJiey stand npon a ie\et for com
parison.
Food-Production and Wealtb-
Retention
'I'lie fooil-|'i'oliii;infr and ucaltli-relaiii-
infr power of 1'aruj eominniiilies arc ciiri-
•oiisly related. l‘'or instaiiee, in the South
:hi 1910. Alabairia had the smallest UkkI-
iprodiieiiif; (Miwer, $34 per inhabiiJtnt; and
rankel last in per capita cj)initrv weaith.
•Oklahoina raiiktnl Ijr.^t in fixjd pidiln>tion,
^$100 |>er inliabitiun; and lirsi in per eap-
:its eoiintry wealth, :}iS29.
Nortli Carolina ranked 8lJi in the Sonlh
in food-jirodncinj; |H)wer, HS per inhabi
tant and U*n(h in per capita eotnit.ry
wt^alth, ^^322. Allegliany (\iiiiity ranked
l.st in food jiiodnoinj; povxer, $106 per in- '
habitant, and la.sl in |>f'i- acre crop pro-
thiclion; but 1st in jx-r I’apita conntry
waith, W56i>- ,\nd Alleghany, mark you,
grows no cotion and toiiai-co |o s|)eak of;
it is a liv' sloe k county.
Food Deficits in North Carolina
and
IMPORTED Where Food Production Was
Least
In >^cn(‘t:ii llic an*i per cap-
ila il‘Hciis in IocmI priMliKiion weiv in
oin‘ rollon anil lol^acro munlics. Fn
tiH*>cc'>niui('s is ifu‘ )n*-crn|», far’n)-tcn-
ancy. ('mp-lien system oi' l;nniinLT—a
system latal to divt*rsilieil crops and aU*-
(juate hunt and iVed prodijclion. It i.s
also a I'nndanfcntal hindi-anr» to the ao-
(•umululi.>n oi w(‘allh in tiu* -oiini i vsidi*.
In [)cr capita country wealtli. onr cot
ton and tol)acc(. ccunti(*> on ilic wliolc
rank low : onr giain and lora.m* countie,s
rank lii;:h(‘r: while our grain. I)a3^ and
live-.stoek cotjniit‘.s rank iiiyliest oi' all.
Alteiha!iy kcadinji tlir* list.
Making Headway
North (’ariilina ha.s niailegreal K:*ins in
1 priiduc.iioii sini-e llie- census year.
She has moved up beyonl live states in
the last five yeai’S in the prixhictioii of
tolarci'i.ji vidiiea; from the 22iid to the
17lh place. Ilettor than any other stiite
in the cotton Ih-.Ii. she ha.s leiiniel the
leissons taiit;ht by the calamity [irices of
cotion. We aii‘ rapidly itecieasinji'our
food and feed rU'licit year by year. The
iie.'ct censtis will luwl'jubledjy tell another
story.
Our Local Market Problems
'I'he followiii};' tabic, iiidii.-ate.s the liK-al
market problems in North (,'arolina.
Deficits mean purcha.sin” markets by
(■onsuiner.-—at prt>sent, at high price,s tx>-
caiise ihesi' ilefnuts are supplied by di.s-
tant tiiarkets. and consumers of I'oiirse
pay the eiiormou.s overhead cIuukc.s of
multi|>lied middle men.
But also delic.it.s indicale^io.ssihle .stall
ing markets for local ()rodncers. (iir
inuei-s will niise siipidies abundantly
when they can turn them into ready cash
in the nearby |iwu or city—and not
ol.heru i.M'.
.)rganizatioii among farmers alow, or
consumers alone, can ne\er si)lve the
market jiroblem. 'I'ogether they can
solve it; and when it is solved, the farm
ers will gel more and the consumers will
THE
CHILD-
I'he
of the
TEMPLE OF
HOOD
lhoiis' is ihc temple w hid
'\c erect in the (io,l of
'J'he ,-chooh'ooiii is ibi' hoiiK
child dIIring the most imporlant ln“>iirs
of Ihc iiio.-,! imporlani years of it.s life.
The .schoolroom, ihi' .schoolhoiise. and
I he scli.jol grounds con.stitule the best
index to Ihedegri i' ol civ ilization and
to Ih(> iileals il llic commnnily.
arc ihe sclio.,1 and thi
the
house, so w ill be the holm
Ihc Slate and llie .Nation. l-'oi-
commimily ihe moMo should be
"Ui Schools —I lealth. Comliu't
Beauty. I'. 1’. ( laxlmi. I'liiU'd Si;iles
(^lUimissioiii'r of lldncation.
•hool-
cily.
e\ cry
: l-'or
and
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
LETTER SERIES NO. 23
CAROLINA CLUB NOTES
Iredell Moves Forward
TheCommissioners (,f Invjell (’.lunly
have aiipro|,riale,l .•JiSCX) and have secured
a like amonnl from the Ki'deral govern-
meiii for Ihe piirjx>.se of securing a sufx'r-
visor for the rural schiK.Is. This siiper-
vi.sor uill give herenlire lime lo the run;!
s,.hools.—K. n. rV'aton. Ired’ll roiinty
Chib.
Ten eounlies now have .school supcr-
visoi's, among them Alainancr and N’ance
our nearby neighlK.rs. Why nut have a
•school sii|«»rvisor in OraiiLre?
School Buildings
.\l this .s''.as()ii of Ihe year particularly,
school ollii'ials are iH'ginuing to inlen'si
themselves in tlie cou.stnictioii of new
school buildings. Often in iheir eager
ness lo g^^l the siriicliire under way ihev
neglect the \»>ry es.seiitial mailer i>f
pri iper consi ruction.
By such.a b'riii \\c mean a hiiildiug
coiislriicled more ni-arly acc(U-iling lo ihe
principles of sc.hool tiygieue than accord
ing to highly scienlilic arcbiliM-ilira! prin
ciples. The average architeci or con-
triii'tor. very |iro[)erly, knows much uiori>
about Ihe constniction of dwelling hous's.
slori's. or lol)acco barn, than he does
abrait the putting iifv of a s‘)iKtlhoiise
suilable for teaching piu'iMWs.
Desirable Help
•S-ll.K.l olliccrs shoukl m:>l r!(*pend up*>n
local archilec.ts or contractors lo plan
their school hmlding's. ftefore a single
limlK'r is placcfl, helVire even rhe location
is dett'rininefi up*n. pr')per and spi'cific
intVuination should l>e souglit. This can
Ih'se'un*d eitla'r at the Stale I>epariment
ol Kdiiiation al R.ak'igh. or from Ihe
S(-hool of lOdiieation at Ihe I’nivei-sitv.
.\t any rale .senfl to either place for the
1914 bullelin,'''-}’lans for 1‘nblic Schooi-
honses, and study it. It will be seni fre(>
of cosl.
This is a vital mall(*r' .Much de.|K‘nd.s
U]iou prr>pcr locaiii)u: -orreci lighling;
siiflieienl Hoorspace; convciiienl localion
of ripoms. halluays. library and cloak
rooms. 7’he placing of hlackboanls al a
proper height from ihe floor seems a
little ihiiig. bill teachers .ippn’ciale hav
ing it .lone as c.xp'rience has lauglil is
is right. Dollars can be saved many
I limes l)\ h.’iviiig ihe plans carefully gi)U(i
over iiy someln»dy w ho has had e.\p(M‘-
ieuce in .schiKilhouse coiislruction.
A Community Index
The schoolhous‘ in any community
shouM exem[ilify the spirit of that city,
lown or district. .\ poorly built, ini-
proiK'rly planned, un wisr'ly lo-alerl seliool-
hous‘.speaks volumes lo \isitor?, pro.s-
jH'clive inhabitjiiils, or casual obseivei-s.
A .sc.hoolhouse can nuwlo Ix'autifnl,
ample, convonient, a.s easily a.s ugly, iii-
sullicieut. awkward,—and at no gi-pater,
sometimes at a k^ss e\j)en,se. 'I’he one
necessary thing is corivcl planning. It
is the ounce of pi-e\ention. worth the
pound of cure.
Vance and Orange
Ihe Cili/ens Bank of Ilender.son. not
Warrenton as .stated ui our issue of March
171 h, is helping rhe farmers. Tlie nionih-
ly folders of in.striiction, counsel and ad
vice in(.licaie a gi'.nerotus inU’rest in Ihe
proyjiority ol die connirysidi'.
TM')d! But lilt* -Mercliantv'^ and b'arnieifs'
Hank at Uill.stKiro is doini,'- tin* same
rhiny: in jlu* same \\a_\.
Old Orange can ke.cp pace with any
eonnty in N(»rth Caruiina
IMPORTED FOOD AND FEED IN NORTH CAROLINA
(tKOR^tK H'. -BI;A I >SH .Vliamlolph ('ounty (Tub.
I'iiruri-?
Bank (..\)Unlv
Our delicits in
feed stiills in tIu' census year, ranged pay le.ss for food and feed supvlies.
from .$19,000 in Alleghany lo $4,663,000 If both these .sadly ne(‘dei results do
in Mecklenburg. 'I'he loial delicit for! not follow, the attempt al solving the
Ihe .State was around ?^119.0i‘0.000. Om- local markel [irohlem has been a fa4lure;
4-otton and tobacco crops in 1910 failed to no matter how elahorale the [ilans or
pay our bills 1o]-importe.d food ;ind ftvd lioH e.xpensive the public markets and
siijiplies by more ihan $40,000,000.
PENDER’S FIRST
I'ender 'oniily had iUs lir.sK,’oiinty ( 'om-
aueiice.meiil on March 26l.h. It will not
iIh' it.s last, lhal is certain, 'l lie weather
■man wa*; on his very best behavior, and
so Avere Ihe 96S school childreji uho were
in the line of mart'h. 'I'Ik^.school cxhibils
were of the tirst rank and admirably ar-
rang(id. The farm |)1ikIucIs were cnccI-
lent and of many sorts. The coniests
well demonstraled the thorough work of
faithful teachers.
'i'he two outslanding features were the
fact that till' whole atl'air was well plan-
neil onl in detail b\for(Oiand, and the
very remarkable fact that tJie >everal
•events v\ere conducted on sclutlule time.
'ongratulal.ions to 'I'. '1'. Mtirphy and
his co-work(!rs.
If Beiuun- can lo such a lirsl-cla.s.s piece.
)f work \vith a part-time Su|)erinlendenl
what a ]iowerful educational factor slu!
might beconui if .she would pay herSuper-
inteniU'ul for full tinii'.
w arehou.ses.
It is not pos.sible to slate Ihe number
of stud(‘iits (‘iirolled, but on the basis of
figures axailable. ii is con.servately esli-
nialed lhal 2,000 adults in rwcnly-six
counties are iio« embracing this new op-
|)ortimity to enter the door of a largi,‘r
world.
Bait For Gudgeons
'The mail ordc‘r swindlers have taken
three hundred and tifty-oin‘ million dol
lars frciui the tools of the county during
the la.st tive years, as show n by a recent
rej)ort of our Bostma.ster (General.
The ilead-sure-cure and ii»> get-rich-
quick .scheni(\s ol the cirt'tilars that Hood
our mails catch the greedy and Ihe grun-
ty ill droves.
'The bigge,st haul was wilJi patent med
icines and fake cure..s by quack doctors.
The [lily ot if is that the consumption
and caticer \ict.ims lia\e surrn*ndered
their lives wilh Iheir money.
THE HONOR ROLL
LIGHTNING EXPRESS GAINS
In 1912 the liuss'll Sage Foundalion
published a study of .school conditions in
jll Ihe states ol the I’uion in the census
year. ,\l ihatliuii ,\orth arolina ranked
low in every [larticulur. .\nd more—
besides lieing low relalix'ely she was low
absolutely.
Without making nation-wide compari
son the follow ing facts will sliow how we
luiM' advanced from 190ii-10 lo 1913-14
in cerlain e.ssenlials.
Ill per capita amount rai.si'd by ta.xa-
tion for (‘acb child, from .^3.58 to .^5.15;
an increase of $1.57.
In a\ ailable fund for each child, from
•■f4.S2 lo S'S.15; an increa.se of 33 cejUs.
In amount spent for buildingK and siiji-
]>lies, from $o67,696 lo $1,412,712: an in.
crease of $745,016. 'That is, the amount
has more I ban doubled (.luring the ]ieriod.
In jiercentage of school [lopiilation en
rolled. from 70.8 per cent t.o 77.2 per
cent; an increasi' of 6.4 per cent.
In averagi’ lengtii of term, from 102
days to 122 days; an iiicii'aseof 20 day.s,
'Thanks to the Static Department at
■Kaleigh and lo the kindness of \arious
■I'ounty Sup'riiilendents the University
News Letter is abU' to pre.sent herewith
■u fairly complete liHt of the number of
'Moonlight .schools .so fai' e.stablisbed in
ithe various counties.
^(■onurie.s with one moonlighi school:
.Alamance, Anson, Ashe, Calilnell, | or oni'full school month,
den, (negro I, (iierokee, Cleveland, l.ee,
;Handolph, Bichmond, Scotland. 'Pran-
sylvania, Watauga.
(,'oiintie.s with 2 moonlight .sithools:
iDurham, I'Vutiyth, (ireene, Sampson.
■Cabarrus, Gafilon and Pei'son are coun
ities with 3 each; Orange has 4: Kdge-
ombe 5; B*eaufort, llaruett ami .lohn-
tjtoii 10 eacii—
Ooluinhu.s head.s the list with 13; a
:yraiid total of 80
Harpies
llbi dt^iths Irom tul'KU'cuiosis, in citit'S
having 5,000 or more inhabitantaiitj?, in
llie-registration ar(\-i of thellnited State.s,
in 1913 luimbcrcd ,'0,654. In North
Carolina, the number was 908.
('ilies ol this size c.niUiin about an
eighth, of our lotal po|Milation. W'hicJi
: means that our death roll of consump-
li\es in .N'orth Carolina is .some 7,250 a
year; and' iIk' .-I rickeii a re many thous
ands more.
It wrings the heart, hut the harpies
who j>rey upon Ihe fears of rhe ailing and
■ ignorant arouse riuhleoiis indignatioji.
I They take the money and li\es of iheir
■ victims.
rhe Federal Departmcnl of ,\gricnlture
reports that it has not yet found any
advenis»i consiimiaion cures that .can
1k' r(?garded as cures in any .sen.si-. Never-
thele.ss mail order concerns iloing busi-
ne.ss of this kind have been found, it
; says, to receive a.s many as 4.000 lett'it
'daily.
Dr. W. S. Bankin of the Slate Health
Board is dealing wisely with this prob
lem. Bead his Bulletins, and help him
put an end lo the BatenI M('i|icine Con-
siunptitin Cure \’iillure.s.
in average yearly salary [laid all t*ach-
ers, from $174.80 to $242.69; an increase
$67.89.
In averjtge monthly salary paid all
leaclii'is, from $34.30 to $39.81 : an in-
crtiase oi' ,$5.51.
'I’hese tignres include all schools, rural
anil city, white and colored. It is inter-
ing to note that on the wliole Ihe gr‘at-.st
Wake County Day
April 14th is Wake (’oiiuty Day in Ihe
Carfiliua ('htb Calendar at the University.
The Wake County Chib propo.sos al
that time to thresh out the l.ocal Markt^t
Brobleui lo tlie very-best of its ability.
At all (‘vent.s they have di.scovewd some
amazing facts lh;it the Baleisrli boani of
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
1’8
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
3S
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
Alleghany
(■’■lay
Tynvll
Camden
(iraham
(> range
r'urrituck
Translvania
Bolk
Yancey
(iates
Dare
Martin
.Vicxander ...
.\she
Bainlico
I lertl'ord
•Al.'U'tui
.1 ack.'^on
Yadkin
U>e
.Swain
Hyde
•buies
W'ashington
ClKAvan
Watauga
(inslow
(rrcene
Bender
IV'rqnimans
(aswell
McDowell
DaA ie
r^herokee
.Mitchell
.Stokes
Scr)tland
Montgomery
Lincoln
-Moore - • .
Haywood
Brunsw'ick
Person
Northampton
Henderson
('aldwell
('arleret
Cleveland
1 >eticil
Bank County
DeJicit
19,000
50
('hatham
1,013,000
148, (XK)
51
lieilie
1,047,000
237.000
52
Bladen
1,075,000
239,000 i 53
Davidson
1,107,001)
256,000
54
■Stanly
1,111,000
301.000
■'>5
'Warren
1,131.000
309,000
56
Burke
1.138,000
338,000
157
Itandolph
1,145,000
O
8
|58
Sampson
1,167,000
396,000
59
Ba.squotank
1,176,000
407,000
60
Harnett
1,258,000
412,000
91
Bichmond
1,283,000
470.000
62
Duplin
i,;;i7,ooo
476,000
6H
Ix'noir
1,354,000
476,500
64
Wilkes
1,370,000
505.000
65
Alamance
1,373,000
518.000
66
('atawba
1.411,000
524,000
67
Granville
1.463,000
544,900
68
Columbus
1.470,000
545,000
69
('abarrus
1,503.000
572.000
70
Vance
576.000
71
."^iirry
1.552,000
594.000
72
Iredell
1,558,000
603,000
73
I'ranklin
1.572,000
632.000
74
Bulberford
1,639,000
63,S. 000
75
.\nson
1,687,000
674,000
76
Wilson
: 1,759,000
704,000
77
Fdgei'ombc
1,791,000
721,000
7S
Wayne
1,845.000
728.000
79
Nash
732.000
80
Bow an
734.OOu
81
IScaiiforl
1,910,000
742,000
82
Madison
1,947,000
763,000
83
•lohnstoii
785.000
84
Halifax
1,968,0'0
804,000
85
I 'nion
817,000
S6
Bockingham
2.089,000
827,000
.s7
('uniberland . ,,
2,300,000
8:-!5.ooo
88
Bill
2.305.000
870.000
89
881,000 :
90
(ia.ston
2,378,000
895,00(3 '
91
.New Hanover
906,(.00 ■
92
I >urbain
920.000
9:-:
Forsyth
2,734,000
944.000 ;
94
Buncombe
2,853,000
968,000 I
95
Bobe.son
2 933,000
996.000 !
998.000 1
96
97
(iiiilford
Wake
3,681,000
001.000 !
98
Mecklenburg
4,663,00'^
■■ ■
- .
iiKU'eases have l>een made in th(‘ rural, . , , r .
not in the city .st:hool... Such ha.s been i the consumers of larm products
Ihe succesti of otn'schooLs under Dr. .loy-iike can well afl’ord t^> consider,
tier's administration. I j>'st a.s the Greater ('harlotl*^ (!lub Ls
doing in Met^klenburg.
The fix'i and feed oonsiimeii by man
and beast in Wake in the cen.sus ye^ir
amounted to $3,987,000 more than the
farms of the county produc^ed,
^Ir. A. B. Harper will pre.sr'nt the
Local .Market Broblem in detail and ex
hibit it.s siguiticanc.e.
.Mr. II. E. Wood will pre.sent the City
F.nd of the Broblem.
Mr. \'. .\nler,son will treat (he Far-
tner’.s Knd of the Broblem.
And Mr. .1. K. Holliday will consider
the Ways and Means of solving the .Vlar-
ket Broblem in Wake.
The future growth of a city now div
pend.s ut«>n its being the oenti^r of a well
developed! foixl-prixlue.ing region. At
present. Italeiirh is not such a center.
'rile Wake ('ounty (!lub is consider
a statesman-like problem.
Lee County Booster Clubs
One hundred and thirty-one thoii.sand
acres in l.e.e county are lying wast^ and
i die. Foiir-tillhs of the entire county ta
neglected area, and the poiiulalion is only
' 44 to the sqiian^ mile.
Lee county needs more inhabitant>i—
. mori', for a scon* of rea.sons: and .so the
; bank»a's, merchants, fari'ners, and leach-
j ers are organi/ing Ijee (.'ounty Boosti'r
! cluUs, says Bion H. Butler in the Sunday
News and (.)bserver.
] Here is a good county and an enU'r-
I prising people. They have starti^d ,sf)me-
thing