The news in this publica
tion IS released tor the press on
the date indicated below.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
*
University of North Carolina
for Its Bureau of L> tension.
APRIL 21,
1915
CHAPEL HILL, N. C.
VOL. I. NO. 22
Editorial B»Hrd
E. Branson, J. G. deli, Hamilton, i
H. Z. V.JmUl. S
I'. Winters, [j. A. Entered a second-*
las> matter X'»v»‘in>x*r U. 11M4, at tIk* at Chapel Hill, N.C., iiud«T tiif'act of Aui;iist 24, HH-i.
SCHOOL NEWS
Earning and Learning
Till- ’itizcii> liaiik and Tnisl ('(Hiipniiv
(if N. belu'vi'.s ill nruiii(;
•s III ml cl I ill Ill'll ti> learn about hanks aiiii
tnuikiii^. TIk'V have i'o-o|icrat.cil with
tlii'C'imnly Supci'iiilfiiikiU of ScIuhiIs ti>
.awari! prizi's iVw coijijmtsiiiitiisaln>ut hank-
hiy. 'I'liry slate tlii'ir objci t aslieini;': In
to Mh- .scIiimiI rliilih'cii nl'('allarrus
('iiiiHly inuiriiiatiiin mi llic siiliji'i't nl
lliuiikiii**'; to u^ai'li tliciii what a bank is.
what M hank docs, how to deal with a
liank, and how a bank l aii hcl|i each biiy
jind to hcconic a succcssl'iil and indc-
jii'ndcnt man oi' woman.
'I'lic details ot Ihe |ihiii may he sei-iiied
:fr(iiu the coni|iaiiy or from Sujit. I>. S.
;Li|ij>ard,
EXTENSION ADDRESSES
Till' [irol'essors in ihc riiiversity ol
.Vorih Carolina conliiiue busy deli\('rin,i;
I'oinmeiicement addres.ses in various parts
of l.he State, few of tiu' places, lec
tures. and dates are indicaled thus:
,\l- II. Siacy. Forsyth ('ounty Com-
meneenient. W’iuston-Saleiii. .\pril 1.
M. S. Nolile. I liddenite. April 14.
Meckleiihuri; ('ounty ('nimiiencemem,
CharloUe. .\pril 16.
Zebuloii .Itidd. Wake ('ounty ('oiii-
Miieneement. Kaleiyh. .\pril 9. Xelm.
I .\pril 16.
('. I,. Raper. Sieui, .\pril 13.
I.. W'iHiaiiis. ISeiisou. .\pril 20.
II. I’attersoii. .Madison, .\pril 23.
('oilier ('ohh. Milton. .Vpril 23.
I II. W. Chase. Ilillsborn, .Vpril 3(J.
Country Versus City
The iiliteracy liyiires from the 1910 cen-
siLs make iiUi'restin” readiu.n. From these
figiiiTs il apjcar^ that the rural rate of
illiteracy amoue [n'r.sons '10 years oi are
and os'er in the I nited Slates is praetical-
ly twice ;us ureal as the urban rale of 11-
lit!rac,y; to Iw e.'^acl. 10.1 and 5.2 per
’i>nt n':-ipecii\’ely.
Tlii.s is largely due to the lack oi np-
portunities for school woi'k in Ihe rural
.(.tintricts. N'orcan ihi' hinher r:;'. ' of n:-
'I'hI illit.erai y in our Southern States he
laid to ihe nemo poimlal ion : because for
the (Mltire iiri.nip of Southern Suites the
rate of iliiteracy amou” rural w hites is
three tiiui'S the rate ainoni; uvhan whites,
and llc(- rati- aluoiijr rural whites is great
er in every individual Southern State than
,amoii; nrhan white.s.
Tlio rale of illiteracy ainoHi; rural ni -
yroc.s in the siiiiic.'-^iates. '.\hile iU!arly sev
en times the rale for the rural whiles, is
only one and one-half times the rate of
. iilUf.m'.-y iLUAoiig ne4iJLui‘s
COLLIER COBB, LECTURER
I >11 .Salui'day, ,March 27th. 1‘rof, ('oilier
CJohh. of ihe I'niversily facully. deliver
ed a lecture before the people of Wil-
ininiiton on lli,"h\\ays ,'ind I’yways of
Europe.
This leclure was .uiven in the hi.iili
school auditoriuiii and was one of a.series
w Inch is beinn Liiven under tIu' auspices
of the W’ihuiimton public school authori
ties.
GREAT NAMES IN ORANGE
chief .I list ice Waller Clark reminds us
that in 1841 (h'aii.u'e county furnished
both Fniti‘d Slates S(>nators, William
(Trabani and Willie i’. .^lan!^■nm. and the
chief justice of the Stati'. .I lid,ire Thomas
linllin;and in 184.' all tiiree of the Su
preme Court jndsres. 'riiomas ibitlin,
I'redi'i'irk .Nash, and William 11. Katllc,
and the (iovernor, W'ui. (Jraham,
T H E LONG FORGOTTEN
MAN
lie wassbahhy in appi'arance. aud
be besiialed. as he 1 imidly approached
one of ihe windows in the Italeii’b
]iostollice and iniiiiilileil a ipiestion in
a low voice. He was askinu fora
sheet ol letter paper, ()f I'onrse be
eonid iio| ji'et it ihere. bill a.search
lbroii;;'b their pockets by some of the
well-dressed men slaiidina' near sup
plied the iiee.l.
.V.yaiii be iiesiialed and apo|ni;etieal-
ly he asked if somebody would uo|
write a sbori li-ltei' for him, l''or aii
inslani e\eryho|y held back, bill
; ipiicklyoiie of ihe Gentlemen present
ai;-reed to assuiiie I be responsibility
and soou the Idler waswrillen. ad
dressed. and sent on' its way.
Why was this illiterate man treated
thus kindly'.' I’erbaps il was some
thin,!;' in hi> fac that said: 1 never
had a cbanee. I’erhaps il was I he
kindliness of Italcioh people.
.Xor'ih Carolina's social coiisi ience
is awakeniii”'. :iinl the .\foonli,nht
School mo\'euieiil will snon make such
a seene ( which really bappeiid I. im-
jirobable anywhere iu ,\ori h ('arolina.
,\l present, nearly lifiy thousand
illiterale liali\e white \otcrs iu North
Carolina oll'er daily inslances of simi
lar belplessiu',sr;, — .\dapled from ihe
l(alei,”'h Times.
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
LETTER SERIES NO. 24
CAROLINA CLUB NOTES
Montgomery Booming
School pro^'i'i'-'s in \lonl;^omery County
IS bein; studied by ,VJr, 1;. I’>. lioliler at
the [fiiiversify. The tigiires be has work
ed mil di'aliiii; with the growth in bi^h
.school Work from 1907-08 to 1911-12 arc
encoiiraKiuL;.
l-'or tlie tir.st year tlie average leimlb of
the hiy'h .school year for till’ county was
9.1 weeks longer than was Ihe a\'eragi‘for
the State- as a whoU“; in 1911-12 it was 2.1
weeks longer, 'i’his is due to the fact
(hat the State increase had been lar.ge
and also ibat durin.t; the period a new
high s-hool had been established in Ibe
-county with only a 32 weeks term.
The (“nrolbiient in the high schools
'during Ihe period has increased more
tliaii twice as fast in .Montgomery as in
the .State. (>f cour.se some iiu-rease is to
be t‘X|icclei|. but the amount in this
county is iiniisnal.
I'inaneially. tlu' relative amount ofsup-
port derived from local la.valion for the.se
fChools ha' increased about four times as
fiist as tiu- amount received from State
funds. Moiilgomery county is doing ex
actly riglil in supporting its own si-hools
with its own local funds.
WORTH-WHILE READING
We do not know into how many homes
our Xortli Carolina Health ISiillelin goes,
or bow many people in lhes(' homes read
it month by month. We do know that
it is readable from co\'er loco\'er; iiiter-
estin,ir. simple, and aiilhoritative in niat-
K'l's Ilf vital iui|>orta.uce.
Sini[)lifyin,i;' great snbjects all rad ively
for popular use is a ditlicult feat rarely ac-
complish('i.l. 'I'lie bulletin ot our Stale
Hoard of Health easily ranks with those
of Texas, I )hio. New York, and (Califor
nia. In some particulars, it easily out-
ranks them all,
I-',very home in the State ought to ha\'e j
it I'cgiilarly and read il carefully. Write
for il. to Dr, W. S, Kankin, K’alcigb.
N. C .
A GREAT SOUTHERN CON
FERENCE
,\t ('batianooga, .Vpril 27-30, w ill occur
the greates: confereji'.-e of so(-ial servants
ever held in the Smitb: the Southern
Kdiicationai .\ssociation. the (iraiii (Jrow
ers Confercuci-, the Li\ e Slock (irowers,
tiie Fruil (ii-owers, the iSee Culliirisls, the
Artisans, the Southern Club Women, tl:e
Country ( liurch Workers. The Southern
iComiiK'rcial Oon,gress, and so on and on.
It is worth a far journey to get the dy-
■namie jiowcr of siicb a nicetiu,t;.
Nortli ('arolina has a promim-nl place
•HU the varioiLs programs: l>i-, , ^^.|oy-
:iier, Dr. (Clarence Poe. .Mi.ss MaryOweii
'(iruhain, I’residi'iit K. 1\. (irahaui. Dr.
•C. II, llerty, /('billon .Indd, FI, C. ISran-
ison, Iv Hrooks, I’n'.siilent D, II. Hill,
C„ J’>. W'^illiuni.s. I'residenl Ifobert IF
Wrigln.
THE HAY FARMER’S CHANCE
The a\'crage pri(-e paid to prodncers of
hay iu Xorth Carolina for bay lastmoutb
was $17,SO per ton—the luLibest price paid
lo farmers outside New Knghuiil and ibe
.\ortb. .similar iiiiod prices have riileil
ill .North Carolina tbroiighoiit the last live
years.
'I’here is money iu raising it losidl: but
an c'normoiis lo.ss in buying il lofeed farm
animals. In fact, the farmer pavs around
', , I
S3G a ton for bay w lieu be biivs it at I ini(>- j
prices, i
I n the census ,\ (-ar. more 1 ban a t hi nl ;
of the farmers in Xortb Carolina bought
hay and otiier Iced for farm animals, and
spent for that ptirpo.se S3,151,000.
'I’be feed tax a\eraged S41.U0 ]n-rfarm.
No othi'r tax our farmers paid was heav
ier than this.
President Graham’s Inaugural
(In ,\i)iii 21si Dr, I'.dward Kidder
(irabam will be formally iiidncted into
ibe I’residi-iii y of l.he Fniversity of Nnrth
('arolina.
The acailemic iirocessiim will form in
I'rorrf ivf the ,\dmit'‘rtsfrai ion dlfiititijig arid
mo^■e to Memorial ll.-dl,
,\t ele\eii o'clo(-k, addrc.sses will be
made by I’residcnt .loliii 11, Fink'y of the
I'niviM’sity of ibe Slate of New 'V'ork.
i’residcnt Fdw in .\. ,\lderuian of the
rni\'crsil,\ of N'irginia: aud I’residenl ,\l-
bert Lawri'Uce I.owi-ll of llarxard rnix'cr-
sity: after which I’ri'sident (irahain \cill
deliver bis inaiigiii'al address.
,\l two o’cliK-k the .\lumni will iratlu-r
at a Inncbcoii in -Swaiii Hall, and al
o'clock a reception will be held in liyniiin
(iyninasiiim in honor of l’i-csideiit (ira-
ham,
Il is ail occasion of deep signilieaiice.
So, because of the distinguished uni'sts
wbii come from other iiislitiilions aud
Slates, .''o, hi-(-aiise loyal sons of the
Fniversily are here in miilliliides lo.ser\i'
the rni\'ersity in her niissinn of ser\ice
to North Carolina. .\nd so. because of
Fjlward Kidder (rrabaiii himself—his
catholic sweep of vision, his aci|iiaiiitane(‘
will: riii\'crsily de\-elopment at home
and abroad, his lo\ e for his mol ber-state,
and Ills loiiLi'iii,”' to rel;\t(> the Fniversity
in larger ways |o hei |iroblcms and ne
cessities. bis safe and sound \'iews of ways,
means, and ends, ihe sanity of bis think
ing and the simple, iinairei-ted wbole-
sonieness of bis pi'rsonality.
.Norib Carolina lirst and the riiiversity
as an agency to this end is the \ ision and
the lairpose of F'dward Kidder (irahaui.
Edgecombe Pushing Farm-
School Idea
We an- glad lo noli- in the recent issni-
of till- I';di;-e(-omb(- County Schoul I!nll(-tin
lhal Fd,u:cconihe is piisbiii.ii' I be de\'elop-
nu-nt of its .school farms, 'I'liis bulletin
gives ,-in at-ci.)iiiil of the orgaiiizatioii of a
school farm at I’inelops. School .No. 3 in
;'rownship No 14, and al I’leasanl Hill,
The schoiil-farni is a mosi ell'ectivc
a.LiciH-y for the ai-rouiplishnient of three
: detiiiiu- i-nds.
1. The Socialization of the
Community
,No| even the t'ormal galberings al
I ebnri'bcs and school enlei-ta.innienls pro-
\'ideihcmost wbole.some coiidilions for'
the best menial reactioiis and Ihe uri-atesl
fiisiiiL; of ideas :iiid idi'als. Il is the in- i
formal galberings .-il the school-farm.
wbenpeo|ile in work-a-da,\' i-lotlies, an-i
working imder I he impellini!' interest of
soiiie delinitc concrete [iroject. that pco-
pli' are frcesi and lliink most intensely i
and (-learly.
2. The Provision of Practical j
Intellectual Stimuli
No event or occasion is more calciilalcil '
to provoke inlensi\e and persislent tbiiik-
iiig lhan the work day on the.srbool
farm, w hen childi-en, yoi.tbs. mol hers, and
fallu-rs meet for the ciillivalion of the
small plat of _n'ound. usually about two
acres, known as the school-farm. In ad.-
dilioii to ihe actual work which is per
formed. new problems. arisin”'onl of and ■
(-oniiected with the cultivation of ihe
farm, i-all for deliniti- readin.i;’of bullet in,-,
pape.rs. and ma.ii'azines. inleresiiiii;- dis- i
t'liT^h-TtT H+nr pfa(-lK'rt}-T'UgJ4l*STliTn: ,\ iitue
is usually S(-t aside also fur ihe di-cussion
of those \ilal home and coiiimmiily proli-
lenis that to-day are agitatiiii; ihe rural
mind and the ]iress of our country, Thai
the work of the school farm may the bel-
; ter be direrled aud thus liecome a ;
I thorough leaching agency, ii is plaei-d
I under the, snpi-rvision of one of the most
wide-;iwake and progressive farmers in '
; th(-(-oniniunity—a farmer who reads in-i
I tclli.yi-inly and widelv. He calls ihe peo- |
pie lo I heir work, del ermines the met hods
of cnitivalion. and is in lar,t>(- iiieasiirc re
sponsible foi- Ihe int'llectiial program of
Ihe ,s(-hoi'l-fanil workin,”' day,
3. The Provision for the In
crease of School Revenue
The si'bool-farm is morelban an e,x-
lierimenl pmit-i-i. It is also a denion-
stration project. Therefore, in addition
lo proving an ell'ecri ve' a.yeiu-y for ihe
di.sseniination of a.uriciiItnral aud conni ry-
life ideas and ideals, il is a means of crc-
aliii.i; weallli. Thiswi'alth is created out
of the expenditure of time w liieb would
otherwise have im economic value: for
llii- social needs of ihe comniiinity rei|uire
such galberings. I'ur tliis reason, the
meetin.” is iniich more wholesoiiK- socially
than the ordinar,\ Saturday afternoon
.iratheriugs al cross-roads, country rail
road stations and olhersnch jilaces. The
school-farm iililizes the time tor a trelik'
piirpos—soeial. ediicalional. and econom
ic. Fniler ibe improved methods prao
ticed on the school farm ibere liave been
many instaiu-i-s \( ben 1 he net incouu'from
one of iliese small [ihds of ground ba,^
been as high as .'r250.
School Farms for Every County
X"! (“V(‘iy cuiiniry conimiinity i.s ivaHy
foi lin’ scliool lariii imt
coiinmniitics iu coiiniy
|ic()|)](‘ would \v‘lc(nuc the 'ipporluuily
all'>rl(‘( 1 hy tlif sclujol-lann lor tIk*associ
ation aiul il’.c praciical suir.L'^(‘stious mivru
1)N llu'work. for t.hc (lis(*iisi*us and th‘
accouijtaiiyiii.i: panics au'l j(\Traiions of
lli(* si'IkjoI I'arui. 'I1i'y would also w(‘l-
couir a prarticai iiirutis ol' conirihutin^
to lln* sui'crs'^ of lln'ir schools liy aldii\^
to ils all-loo nu*a^i‘(“ rcvc'iinc.
Bulletin of the United States
Bureau of Education
I’raclical suggestions for Ihe organiza
tion and operalioii of the school favm are
contained in a hnllclin published hy the
Fiiiled Stales liureaii of l-Miication, en-
lilled. Cultivating till- School (ironiids in
W'ake County, .North Carolina, by Zehu-
lon .Indd, 'I'his bulletin may bi'had by
ai>plying |o the ISiireaii ol Kdiu-alion,
\\'asliin"toii, I I.e.
A Wonderful Story
In titt* last ten ,V('ars, Wi.si-onsin has
:rperit iii-arly one hundri'd and thirty-six
niiHi.»u dollars of |)ublic iiiouey upon
cbicatiou; upon her (-oinmon
••ciK)o!s, high schools, normal and Irain-
;ing .schools for te.ai'liors, and her I niver-
«itv.
The General Property Tax
Nearly 1 bree-liftbs. 59 percent, ol our
State revenues in .Norlh Carolina in 1912
an is(- from 1 begeni'ral properly tax. poll a ml
oi'i-iipation taxes. Here is llie tax that
reaches the lar.iicst uunib(“r of pi'oplc.
Twenty-one states raised smallei- re\-
eniies from ibis source, and twenty-nine
states a smaller )iroportion of the total
n'vennes. Two states. Connei-ticut and
Delaware, levied no snchtax. .six .stales
showdl a dei rease bi receiiits from a
.U'cneral property tax during the ten years
—(’alifornia. (Hiio, I’ennsyhania, New
York, N'ermont and West \’irgiiiia.
Thirty-seven stales leviiil no poll lax;
among- tb„-iii e:L:h; So;u!;-:-;';i st:!!e-;—
Keiitiu'ky. Te;iiu-ssi-e, Florida, ,Mis>iss-
i ijipi, Foiiisanu, .\rkansasand (Iklaiioma.
; —Xoles upiin a recent ('eiisiis l!iiri-ali
I r.iiileiin.
Proud Of It
’^riic lieloii, Wis.. Xew.'' says. Citizens
of \\’isconsin are proiid lo ba\ea Fiii-
vcrsity that lakes a li\'ely inlen-st in
those |U-actical thin.^s tbal make for the
welfare of the slate: Ibat is not loo dead
to aid in ihe develo|iuient of the Stale's
resources or too de\'oU-d tu the mnsly
jiast to lake notice of i be tbrobhin.i;"
pres(-nt.
Where Our State Revenues
Come From
(>11 r total stale ri'x eiiues in 1912 amount
ed to a little more than lliree and .a qiiar-
ter million dollars.
The a\cra,i;'e was $1,43 per iubabilanl.
and it was le.ss in Xoi lli Carolina than in
any other stale in the Fnion, South
Carolina came next with Si,51 ]ier in
habitant.
Ten stales in the South recei\'el more
money :uid had larirer resources with
whii-b to rare for iheir alilii-led I'hiidi'eii.
their old soliiiers. tbeir public scbonls and
universities, to build inipro\'('d highways
and promote piil.ilic sanilalion. — .Xotes
upon a recent Census Bure:iii ISiillelin.
Two Wilson Girls Win the Ay-
cocK Cup
' '^I'hi- third amiiial tinal contest of the
11ig'b School Debating rnion of Xortli
Carolina was held al the Stale rni\(-rsily
in('bapel 11 ill April 8 and 9. (liie Iiiiii-
' dri'il and uim-ly-six debaters repres(-nt-
iiig 19 high .schools came to Chapel Hill
;inil look part iu this contest.
'I'be i|ii(-ry disciiss(-d was, "Ue,-olved,
'I'hat the I'nited Slates should adopt ihe
' policy of siibsiilizing its mercliaiit inariiK-
en,u'ageil in forei,”'ii trade'', .\fler two
pvelimiiiaries had been held, Stewart
('owlcsand Cowles I'liistol. representing
the Slates\ ille high school, were chosen
to uphold ih(- aHirmali\e sid(- of ihe
i|iii'ry in the final debate, and .Misses
Falla Ivookh Fleming and Fthel (iardner.
repre.senting tlu' Wilson high school, were,
cho.sen lo defend the negati\e, !
The linal d(4)ate was held in .Memorial
Hall and was attended by 2.000 |)ersons.
including debater,', leaehers, principals. '
sii|ierinteiidents. students aud [u-ofessors
, of the F'iii\ersity. tow nspi-ople. aliiniui,
and olhers. I’residenl K. K, (irahain, of
’the Fni\ersil,y. pj'esided o\er the debate,
I 'rile decision of the judges was mianimous
I'or Ihc negative, and the ,\ycock >lenio-
j rial Cup was prescnti-d to the Wilson de-
; balers.
I’revioiis to the liiial (-ontest the trian-
"lilar debates of ihe High School l)(>bat-
ing Fnion were held I hronghout the
I Stale on ,\lar(-b 26. .\l this time, 1,000
^ youna high sc.hool stndenis participaltMl
' in debates bi-ld iu 250 coiimiiinities and
91 i-oiiniii-s, Tli(- lotal audiences al this
! .s(-ries of dehales numbered 50.000 per-
I SI »ns.
i d'he High,School DebaliiiL' Fnion was
; organized in 1913 by the Dialc(-li(- and
I’hilanthropic Fit('i-ary .Sin-ielies and Ihe
liiireaii of l-;xtension of the FiiiN'ersity.
j Since ils organization, il has nii-t with a
! reniarkabk- siic(-(“ss. Its work will he
i prosecuted with much viiior next year.
Investment Money
I’ublic money spent ii|ion public educa--
lion is a public investmi nt iu public pro
gress and pro.s|ierity.
To spend meagrely upon (-duculion s
to spend wash'fiilly.
Solomon had the idea. Said he, 'rhere
is that s(-attereth and yet bath increasi-;
th(>re is lhal witbholdelb more than is
meet, but it ti-iideth to poverty.
Orange County Booster Clubs
IS of (Irange county—172.000
—:ire abitndone-l |i
Sex'er.-tenl I
acri-s all told-
w
,1,.
ness grow libs. The country jiopulation is
only thii'ly-niiie lo the ,si|uare mile.
Here is ahiindaiil ell)ow-rooni for the
hoine-scekers who are swarming out
of Ihe middle West. Here is tin- Stale
Fniversity. Here are good schools aud
churches, a good coimtry popiikition,
good soils and seasons. (-hea|) farm lands,
ahiindaiil stri-ams and jiasliires for |iroti-
table live-sto(-k farmin.ir.
()rauae, ('ounty Fiooster Clubs are in
order.
What a Dollar in Our State
Treasury Represented
,'u-i'oriliiig lo the soun-es yielding it,
i-a(-h dollar of stale revenue in X'orth
Carolina in 1912 re|u-esenled :
(ieneral I’roperty tax. Polls
and (•(-(-iipation taxi's ,
DepartmenI I'^arnings, .Mi.scel-
laneoiis. elc
iiusiness and Iiu-oine 'Paxes..
Interest and Kents
Federal Government, for .\gri
cultural I'Aperiinenls and
Kducation
Non-linshii-ss'Faxes: on .\iito
mobiles
ISusiiK'ss Ijicenses (other than
Liipior I
S|ie(-ial I’roperly 'Taxes: on I m
heriiances
—I'igiires based ii|ion a re
I’.urean Bulletin
,59,00 cents
16,70 centH
12.00 ct-nls
8.0Q centH
2.50 cents
.50 cents
, IS (-en 1.1
. 16 ceni.s
ent ("ensiis