i. X' ■.
The .Library,
Chapel Hill
The news in this publica
tion is released for the press on
I receipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Carolina
for its Bureau of Extension.
AUGUST 7,1918
CHAPEL HELL, N. G.
VOL. IV, NO. 37
^di«oriul Board i F. G. Brausoii, J? G. deB. Hamilton, L. R. Wilson, R. H. Thornton, G. M. MoKie.
Entered as 3econd-olas3 matter November 14,1914, at the Postoffice at Chapel Hill, N.IG., under the act of August 34,1912.
ANEW GOVERNMENT POLICY
President E. K. Graham
One of tlie most important and e#light-
ened policies ever adopted by a nation at
war is embodied in the plan recently an
nounced by our war department in refer
ence to young men between tbe ages of 18
and 21.
Because its great advantages appear not
to be understood, publicity is needed to
give to tlie plan a real public value.
Ill brief, this plan provides that the
goveriiiwent shall furnish military instruc
tion to every institution of collegiate grade
that enrolls 100 or more students in its
training corps; that the government shall
{irovide uniforms and military equipment;
that voluntary enlistment in this train
ing corps will constitute a student a mem
ber of the United States army and liable
•to active duty, but that he shall not be
called before he is 21 unless he is urgent
ly needed.
Young men who become 21 and sub
ject to draft after enlistment in these col
legiate training corps will probably be
given furloughs until the end of the col- j
lege year, and allowed to complete their
'year of military and collegiate training. !
Thi.s new policy aims to accomplish a
twofold object: (1) to develop as a great
military asset the large body of young
men in the colleges; (2) to prevent un
necessary and wasteful depletion of edu-
tional resources through needless volun
teering.
Enlist and Go to College
It also makes clear to young men be
tween 18 and 21 what service the govern
ment asks of them as the selective
draft does to young men between 21 and
31 what service the government asks of
theiii. It puts in practical form the gov
ernment’s emphatically and repeatedly
expressed deiSire to men under the draft
age to stay in school, and so render them
selves fit for the exacting requirements of
modern warfare; and attempts to inten
sify and hasten, eftective mobilization by
providing resourceful lines of defense be
hind the emergency training camps. It as
sures every young man the military train
ing that reason and patriotism urge him to
acquire before he reaches the draft age,
and in addition it gives him college train
ing that is equally essential and service
able in the performance of both his war
duties and the privileges of citizenship.
Ixjaving out of consideration every
thing but the immediate practical advan
tages to be derived, the plan means that
tor tlie $250 or $300 that a year in college
will cost, a young man can get a year of
military instruction, (with eiuipment) a
year of collegiate instruction, and be in a
position to win a commission that will
quadruple his investment in one
year, and multiply his future earning ca-
Xiacity in any sort of work he chooses.
Thus, while for the government this
plan has the obvious advantage of pro
viding men trained for leadership, for the
individual it provides the military train
ing tliat he needs for immediate use, to
gether with the general or special educa
tion that he should have as a permanent
asset.
some of the phases of this work I have in
duced the president of the University to
have prepared the account which is here
with transmitted for publication as a bul
letin of the Bureau of Education.”
•
The extension work of the University,
as its name signifies, is thedepartment of
the University activities aimed to take
the advantages of the University directly
to the people. The beneficent influences
of the institution are carried indirectly'^to
the people through the graduates and
other students, but six years ago the idea
was conceived and promptly put into ex
ecution of reaching the people directly as
well as' indirectly.
Broadcasting Benefits
It is unnecessary to go into the details
of how that undertaking was accomplish
ed. It is enough to say that through
speakers and through printed matter the
good and helpful things that the Univer
sity has for the receptive minds ofj the
Htate have been put before them in a way
and to a degree which necessarily has had
a most beneficial effect. In some in
stances the beneficiaries of this eft'ort of
the central educational institution to
throw its advantages broadcast over the
State have gone to the University for con
ferences of various sorts and in a greater
number of instances members of the fac
ulty have gone out among the people.
Much of the informative work’, too, has
been done by correspondence.
A few of the activities which have>.been
developed by the tireless workers behind
the extension movement are the social
and economic surveys by county clubs,
annual debates of teams from high
schools, publication of a weekly journal
of uplift and information, the "Weekly
Xews Letter, holding of conferences and
institutes on country life, good roads and
other subjects of general interest and im
portance and so on,
It is a work of great importance that
the Extension Bureau of the University is
doing and the recognition given it by the
national educational department was
well deserved.—News and Observer.
A NEW FEDERAL BULLETIN
-Tl>e ?»ureau of Extension of the Uni-
■vcrsity of North Carolina is the subject of
an exhaustive article prepared by Or. L.
II. Wilson and Ur. L, A. M illiams, of
:the University faculty, at the request of
Dr. I’. 1*. Glaxton, United States Commis
sioner of Education. The article is pub
lished as one of the bulletins of the United
• States Bureau of Education, and Oiat
• means that its circulation is made nation-
■wide.
In lii.s letter of transmittal to the Secre-
^ tary of the Interior, Commissioner Claxton
pays a tribute to the extension work of
the University which every one acquaint
ed with the facts knows to be fully justi
fied. lie says:
“For five years this oflice has watched
with increasing inteicst the development
of the extension work of the University
of North Carolina, some of which, though
as yet jieculiar to this State, is, with nec
essary adaptations to the varying condi
tions in other States, capable of general
-adoption. Because of the importance of
FARMS FOR OUR SOLDIERS
Every American soldier who returns
from France would be given his choice of
a return to the life he led prior to enter
ing the army or a farm, planned out of
the fifteep million .acres of land owned
and untouched by the United States gov
ernment, if plans of the Secretary of the
Interior Franklin K. Lane are adopted.
The Secretary, in an address before the
Pittsburgh, Pa , chamber of commerce,
outlined his plan and said it would be
possible if the government would appro
priate $2,000 per farm to carry out the
project.
The soldier-farmers would have 40 years
in which to pay whatever financing might
be necessary, the Secretary said.—Ex
change.
WHEN THE BOYS COME HOME
Secretary of State Grimes has done the
State a good service by his letter to Sen
ator Simmons asking him to try to inter
est the Department of the Interior in giv
ing careful investigation of Southern
lands, and particularly North Carolina
lands, for returning soldiers.
Of course no one can ^ay when the war
will end. But it will not do to wait for
tbe war to terminate before beginning
preparation for after-the-war undertak
ings.- Secretary of the Interior Franklin
K. Lane has written a very comprehen
sive and suggestive letter to the President
on the matter of land for returning sol
diers and it is conceded that his plans for
the future of the soldier are evidences of
his sound statesmanship.
Secretary Lane and Secretary Grimes
both are agreed on the proposition that
many of the soldiers who are spared to
return to the United States will want a
farm. In fact many of them were farmers
before they became fighters. Many, who
were not farmers before they went forth
on the modern crusade, will, as Secretary
Grimes says, in all probability become
so enamored of outdoor life that they will
chfxiSe farming for an occupation on their
return.
And for farming there is no better land
WHEN THEY COME BACK
They will come back, America’s brave
sons,
From war torn fields, when victory
and peace
Have stilled the angry thunder of the
guns.
And brought to suffering heart.s a
quiok release.
They will come back from anguish
deep, and strife.
From sights and sounds that only
they could know.
Back to the fullness of a richer life.—
The great reward because they chose
to go.
They will have felt the flames of
cleansing ttres.
Have passed the tests that try the
hearts of men, ^
Have learned in sacrifice of dear de
sires,
That souls can rise to splendid
heights again.
They will have proved that wrong can
not hold sway,
.Have seen the darkness change to
radiant light.
Have felt the presence, “Lo, —with
you always,”
And heard His voice in silences at
night.
And we who wait and pray for them
at home,
May one great prayer in soul and
spirit burn;
That we may keep the faith until they
come.
Be not unworthy of a bright re
turn,—
A prayer expressed in every deed and
thought.
In every task of willing heart and
hand,
A purpose out of pure desire eii-
wrought,—
To learn of them and some day un
derstand.
—Allison Brown, of the Vigilantes.
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
LETTER SERIES NO. 154
KEEP THE SCHOOLS OPEN
Every public officer intrusted with the
support of public schools should know
that Europe’s lesson to the United States
as a result of the war is to keep the
schools going, to make education during
and after the war better and more efi’ec-
tive than it has ever been. There are be-
tore us now just two matters of supreme
importance: To win the war for freedom,
democracy, and peace, and to fit our
schools and our children for life and citi
zenship in the new era which the war is
bringing in.—P. P. Claxton, U. S. Com
missioner of Education.
The Message of France
Do not let the needs of the hour, how
ever demanding, or its burdens, however
heavy, or its perils, however threatening,
or its sorrows, however heartbreaking,
make you unmindful of the defense of to
morrow, of those disciplines through
which the individual may have freedom,
through whicli an efficient democracy is
possible, through which the institutions
of civilization can be perpetuated and
strengthed. Conserve, endure taxation
and privation, suffer and sacrifice, to as
sure to those whom you have brought
into the world that it shall be not only j
a safe but a happy place for them.—
France’s message, reported by .John H.
Finley, Commissioner of Education of
New York State, in his Report on French
Schools in "War Time.
The Message of England
At the beginning of the war, when the
first shortage of labor became apparent,
a raid was made upon the schools, a great
raid, a successful raid, a raid started by a
large body of unreflecting' opinion. The
result of that raid upon the schools has
been that hundreds of thousands of chil
dren in this country have been perma
nently withdrawn from school, and have
suflered an irreparable damage, a damage
which it will be quite impossible for us
hereafter adequately to repair. That is a
very grave and distressing symptom.—H.
A. L. Fisher, President of the English
Board of Education.
X The Issues of Fate
Any inquiry into education at the, pres
ent juncture is big with issues of National
fate. In the great work of reconstruction
which lies ahead there are aims to be set
before us which will try, no less search-
ingly than war itself, the temper and en
during qualities of our race; and in the
realization of each and all of these, edu
cation with its stimulus and discipline,
must be our stand-by. "We have to per
fect the civilization for which our men
have shed their blood and our women
their tears; to establish new standards of
value In our judgment of what makes life
worth living, more wholesome and more
restrained ideals of behavior and recrea
tion, finer traditions of cooperation and
kindly fellowship between class and class
and between man and man.
These are tasks for a nation of trained
character and robust physique, a nation
alert to the things of the spirit, reveren
tial of knowledge, reverential of its teach
ers, and generous in its estimate of what
the production and maintenance of good
teachers inevitably cost.—Report of the
English committee on juvenile education
in relation to employment after the war.
than in the South, while in the South
there are better agricultural advantages
nowhere than here in North Carolina.
Mr. Grimes says North Carolina could
furnish farms to more than 200,000 sol
diers and could assimilate this increased
number of farmers easily and advantage
ously. Hardly any one is more familiar
with conditions in the State than Colonel
Grimes and his estimate as to the num
ber of additional farmers the State could
use to advantage is none too high.
Production of foodstuffs had not ap
proached consumption needs when army
demands began to interfere with the farm
labor supply or even when the war strain
on European nations first began to attect
the world’s food supply! The additional
farmers will be needed in North Carolina
and the returning soldiers who want to
farm will find no more inviting oppor
tunities than in this State.—News and
Observer.
SOCIAL HEALTH BULLETINS
The North Carolina Health Board now
has in process ot printing fourteen special
bulletins on various phases of social
hygiene for distribution in the State as a
part of the educational campaign against
the prevalence of venereal diseases.
These bulletins will be ready for distri
bution within th'e next two weeks, and
copies of any or all may be b^d free upon
application to the State Board of Health.
The numbers and titles are as follows:
Public Health .Measures in Relation to
Venereal Diseases. ^
A Reasonable Sex Life for Men.
Venereal Diseases—A Sociologic Study
Smash the line. (The case against the
Restricted District.)
The Need of Sex Education.
A Statewide Programme for Sex Educa
tion.
Sexual Hygiene for Young Men.
Vigorous Manhood. (Especially for
boys twelve years of age and over.)
When and How to Tell the Children.
Your Country Needs You. (A Talk
With Girls.)
A Nation’s Call to Young Women.
The School Teacher and Sex Education.
Sex Education in the Home and High
School.
• List of Reliable Pamphlets.
WAR STAMP RECORDS
The War-Saving map kept at .State
Headquarters to show tlie progress the
State has made thus far in the War-
Saving Campaign, shows that ten counties
•have pledged their quotas in full,seventeen
have gone three-fourths over, eleven two-
thirds, seventeen are half, and ten only k
fourth over, while thirty-seven have not
been heard from at all. From the counties
which have made reports, $38,000,000 is
known to have been sold and iiledged to
gether.
The counties which pledged their full
quotas are: Wilson, Martin, Forsyth,
Pitt, Perquimans, Greene, Jones, Cabar
rus, Lenoir and Edgecombe.
The counties that have raised three-
fourths of their pledges are: Chowan,
Northampton, Wayne, Onslow, New Han
over, Franklin, Granville, Durham,
Wake, Rockingham, Guilford, Stokes,
Iredell, Mecklenburg, Union, Burke, and
Henderson.
Counties that have raised two thirds of
their pledges are: Pasquotank, Washing
ton, Bertie, Pamlico, Johnston, Vance.
Orange., Alamance, Davidson, Gaston,
and Haywood.
The counties tiial have reported half
of (:heir pledges raised are: Craven,
Warren, Harnett, Moore, Scotland,
Anson, Montgomery, Randolph, Rowan,
Davie, Yadkinj, Surry, Cleveland, Bun
combe, Jackson, and Cherokee.
Those which have raised only one-
fourth their quotas are: Tyrrell, Halifax,
Hoke, Richmond, Avery, Mitchell, Polk,
Transylvania, Clay and Swain. —War
Stamp News.
WAR BOOKS ON RELIGION
One of the stimulating war books is a
b^ezy little volume for church folk,
called As Tommy Sees Us, by Rev. A.
Herbert Gray, a Scottish chaplain.
Confessing that he never heard of a
battalion where a numerical majority of
the men were willing to profess faith,
Chaplin Gray bears glowing testimony to
the Christian soldiers who have the kind of
religion that expresses itself in efficiency,
in courage, in helpfulness, in abstinence
from boasting, and in good comradeship.
They seldom spoke about their religion
but it spoke through their lives daily.
These men have such splendid virtues—
all the more splendid because when they
do.‘|rouse’ they go on to do their duty.
They are brave with that high courage
thatmeans self-forgetfulness. They swear
at each other like troopers, and yet treat
each other with the gentleness of women
when suffering comes. They share their
comforts after the pattern of early Chris-
tains.
Good Samaritan Religion
They stick to their pals, and play the
game with a fine sense of honor. Because
their country asked it of them, they have
offered their ajl, and they give it without
fuss or bombast. They hate their life, be
cause in plain speech it is hateful, and yet
they stick to it because it is their duty.
Drab and weary, soaked in mud, and ach
ing in every muscle, they go on week
after week enduring the fate which has
come upon them through muddles and
intrigues in which they played no part.
It is hard to say about them in the
mass that they are just sinners defying
God. It is indeed flatly impossible. In
many ways they are near to Christ al
though they do not know it. They beareaqh
'other’s burdens. They rejoice evermore
—or nearly so. They endure hardness,
they practice charity,' and love mercy.
They are without hypocrisy, or any false
pretense, and even when they sin, they
sin like children of nature—going astray
like sheep. They. are innocent of the
subtle artificial and deceitful forms of sin
that are so common among church mem
bers. It is strange indeed that they have
not understood Christ.
The Fiery Furnace of War
That sort of language prepares one for
the statement by a chaplin in another
book. The Church in the Furnace.
I have heard men praying in the line
when I wished they would swear instead,
because their prayers were purely selfish,
expressed nothing but a broken ,;will and
and the horror of death. It is a'dreadful
sight to see a man whimpering out prayers
for personal protection in a time of stress.
The hard-bitten man beside him, still
unbroken and unbeaten,'swearing through
Ifis set teeth puts such a man to
shame.
Christianity is not the gos; el of the
bowed head, but the gospel of the set
teeth, says the same writer.
It is a priest of the Anglican church
who makes the reader gasp, by declaring
boldly: Traditional Christianity is on its
trial. The next few years, I believe, will
give the decisipu whether it will or will not
be the world’s religion. More and more
men are turning away unsatisfied ■ from
what we have been accustomed to set be
fore them. More and more they are com
ing to see the meaning of what we have
forgotten or obscured. The new religion
they think they are discovering is really
bound up in the Christian gospel.—Wil
liam T. Ellis.