/
The Library,
)el Hill.
The news in this publica
tion is released for the press on
receipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Caurolina
for its Bureau of Extension.
OCTOBER 23,1918
CHAPEL HHX, N. C. VOL. IV, NO. 48
Editorial Board i E. C, Branaon, J. G, deR. Hamilton, L. B. Wilson, B. H. Thornton, G. M, McKie.
Entered as aeeond-olass matter November 14,1914, at the Postoffloe at Chapel Hill, N. C.. under the act of August 24,1912.
OLD ORANGE AT THE FRONT
For every Orange county boy on the
firing line in France there are eighty-
one people here at home. And—barr
ing the break in four hundred fami
ly circles—we are going about the dai
ly duties of life very much as usual.
Our boys at the front are offering up
their lives to make ‘this dirty little
spot in space that men call earth’ a
safe and decent place to live in.
The very least that self-respecting
men and women can do here at home
is to offer up their money, down to
the last dime of self-denying patriot
ism.
And the best we can do in this way
is a shabby gift to lay on the altar be
side the lives of our boys. They will
take care of the Huns over there, if
we will only do our duty over here.
Liberty bonds buy safety for our
boys. Mark that!
For instance, when they go over the
top, they charge into machine gun
nests and barbed-wire entanglements
miles upon miles deep. Literally they
charge into the jaws of death—into
the mouth of hell. These machine-
guns must be blown out of the way
and these barbed-wire thickets cut to
pieces, else our boys go down like
wheat before a reaper. Only artillery
In the towns or in the country re
gions ?
So far our free-will dollars have
been in the fight just six minutes!
The $300,000 of our fourth liberty
loan will give our 16,000 stay-at-homes
a chance to get into this great world
war just four minutes more before the
glorious victory is won!
And we will take it, with the shout
of our boys as they go over the top in
to No Man’s Land over there.
AND FAITH, HE’LL PRENT ’EM
Emerson once said a saying that is
worth recalling just now when the
fourth liberty bond campaign is in
full swing.
We quote from memory but here it
is in substance:
“Everywhere policemen are among
us in plain clothes noting our daily
moods and tempers and, when We least
suspect it, are awarding or denying us
the highest prizes of life.”
Even so! Here’s an instance in
point.
Not many years ago we chanced to
be taken into the confidence of a man
in authority in the nation. Death had
. vacated a ten thousand dollar place in
^ns Can'clear the way for them, andj the constructive public service work of
that’s why we have hours upon hours | the country. A prominent man of
of heavy gun play before the infantry
moves foi'ward.
Now, look at the part the stay-at-
homes in Orange played in Pershing’s
great victory in the St. Mihiel salient
the other day.
And see how miscrosCopic it was.
When Pershing charged, the artil
lery prelude to break down the enemy
defenses lasted four hours, and the
cost of it in heavy guns and ammuni
tion alone was eighteen million dollars,
or seventy-five thousand dollars for
every sixty seconds!
Only Six Minutes So Far
Orange county with her $450,000 in
vested in liberty bonds and war stamps
paid for just six minutes of the big
gun fire in Pershing’s famous drive!
For just six minutes the 15,000 stay-
at-homes in Orange were on Pershing’s
firing line with their patriotic dollars!
'The 16-inch guns cost $525,000
apiece. Our liberty offerings in Or
ange are not yet enough to pay for
even one of these guns.
The 10-inch guns cost $60,000 apiece
and there were 512 of them barking at
the Huns in that famous charge. Our
liberty offerings in Orange paid for
only seven of these guns and 40 shells per
gun j.
It is hard for the average man to
realize the gigantic scale of this war
and the appalling Cost of it m blood
and treasure. , i ...
But this much ought to be clear.
The bigger our patriotic offeimgs ot
money here at home, the sooner this
war will etid, and the more of our bovs
There will be in the peace parades
when this dreadful war is over.
The man or woman, in town or coun
try, who cannot understand this ™uch
is dull beyond belief or close-fisted and
soul-shriveled beyond words.
When our boys get back to us, they 11
say, “We did our duty over there,
what did you do over heie .
And the man who cannot answer iT
proudly will have to move out of his
home town to escape the blasting
scorn of his sons and his neighbor s
sons who together fought
fight to a finish while he sulked or
shirked or profiteered. nrnntre
Our 15,000 stay-at-homes in grange
will do their full duty; or so we have
the faith to believe.
And the Fourth Liberty Loan offeis
them what may be their ve^ ^st
chance to serve their country in this
•way.
Perhaps Our Last Chance
If we have not done anything m Pre
vious loans to the govemment of ovir
•country and to the cause o
ty, or have not done our best, we
now have a chance—perhaps a
'■fchance—to mend up a ^riy rec •
Some of us cannot afford to let tn
■war come to an end with the records
great ability was applying for it—not
openly but by indirection, and swamp
ing headquarters with the telegrams
and letters of his friends.
Said he, “We wired a half dozen
trastworthy people who were in a po
sition to know this man at close range.
Here is the verdict: indefatigable en
ergy—tremendous ability—consuming
personal ambition—no interest in any
thing beyond himself—essentially an
unworthy spirit—unfit for generous
public service—a citizen of his com
munity like Quilp and Scrooge.”
The applicant failed to get the place
his soul yearned for exceedingly. We
daresay he never knew why. The fact
is, a half dozen of Emerson’s police
men in plain clothes denied him the
highest prize of his whole life. They
were the people who touched elbo\ys
with him daily and weighing him in
the balances had found him wanting.
And we are all being weighed in the
same way in the same balances in the
Liberty Bond, War Stamp, Red Cross,
and Army Y campaigns these days.
Every man jack of us all has a scan
dalous measure of right to do as he
pleases with his own in this free dem
ocratic country; but also our fellow
citizens have a full free right to judge
us and to award or deny us the high
est prizes of life when we least sus
pect it- , . ,
And this they are doing dailv every-
wh0r0
Watch the bulletin sheet of Liberty
Bond subscribers in the drag store
window! . , . j
A chiel’s amang us takin notes, and
faith he’ll prent ’eni, as Bobbie Burns
reminds us.
WILSON’S ANSWER
Before making reply to the re
quest of the Imperial German Gov
ernment, and in order that the re
ply shall be as candid and straight
forward as the momentous interests
involved require, the President of
the United States deems it neces
sary to assure himself of the exact
meaning of the note of the Impe
rial Chancellor. Does the Imperial
Chancellor mean that the Imperial
lerman Goveniment accepts the
terms laid down by the President in
his address to the Congress of the
United States on the 8th of Janu
ary last and in subsequent address
es and that its object in entering
into discussions would only be to
agree upon the practical details of
their application?
The President feels bound to say
with regard to the suggestion of an
armistice that he would not feel at
liberty to propose Ja cessation of
arms to the governments with
which the government of the Unit
ed States is associated against the
Central Powers so long as the ar
mies of those powers are upon their
soil. The good faith of any discus
sion would manifestly depend upon
the Consent of the Central Powers
immediately to withdraw their
forces everywhei’e from invaded
territory.
The President also feels that he
is justified in asking whether the
Imperial Chancellor is speaking
smerely for the constituted authori
ties of the Empire who have so far
conducted the war. He deems the
answer to these questions vital
from every point of view.
our present Cause the equal cause of
the liberal brotherhood of all good
men everywhere, and makes the cause
of our country the common cause of a
free mankind.
“Is it fanciful to think that the he
roes of freedom whose stories we have
studied here — of Tliermopylae, of
Bunker Hill and the rest—give to us,
in the beauty of this quiet spot, their
benediction, as we take from their
hands the torch of the eternal task,
and ‘carry on’ to a new and greater
victory ?
“The spirit of this Campus, the spirit
of our state and our country, the'
spirit of the world today, assure to us
the continuing courage and complete
devotion that will bring to a glorious
fulfilment the noblest adventure that
ever call to the aspiring spirit of
youth.”
THE KAISER IS BEATEN
Just as we go to the printers with
this issue, the eyes of the world are
turned toward Washington and Wil
son.
WAR RISK INSURANCE
On July 1 of this year Uncle Sam
SOLD NO LIBERTY BONDS
■we have made.up to
the
in
bur present job in old , .
■sale of $300,000 worth ^oj^ds .
the north end of the county $135,000^
in the south end ^
$54,000; in Chapel Hill and Carrboro
$61,000; to the country people in Chap
el Hill and Bingham townships $104
000, and to the country People m the
five northern townships $81,OUU.
A tremendous job! ^
erage of sixty dollars worth of bonds
per family, black and white.
There’s our mark! ;t
Which town in Orange will reach
first ?
Which to-wnship?
Where do the fires of patriotism
'bum fiercest in old Orange .
Five hundred and thirty banks in
North Carolina . were busy with the
patriotic business of marketing the
third liberty loan. ■ „
But 17 Tarheel banks were inactive.
Or so it appears in the publi^ed re
port of the Federal Reserve Bank in
Richmond—as follows:
Avery County: Citizens Bank
Elk Park.
Brunswick County: Citizens
Bank, Shallotte.
Cleveland County: Farmers
Bank and Trust Co., Lattimore.
Edgecombe County: Pamlico
Savings & Trust Co., Tarboro.
Granville County: Oxford Sav
ings Bank & Trust Co.
Harnett County: Bank of Cape
Fear, Dunn. ,
Lincoln County: Farmers and
Merchants Bank, Den'ver.
Martin County: Bank of OaK
City. Farmers Bank & Trust Co.,
Robersonville. .
Mitchell County: Merchants &
Farmers Bank,
New Hanover County: Hanover
Trust Co., Wilmington. .
Pitt County: Bank of
Polk County: Bank of Saluda.
Richmond County:
County Savings Bank, Rocking-
^Tutherford County: Farmers
Rank & Trust Co., Caroleen.
Wilson County: Planters Bank,
^Yadkin County: Bank
kin, Yadkinville. Yadkin Valley
Bank, East Bend.
irhips these 17 were h d-
was carrying twenty-two billion, three
hundred million dollars worth of in
surance on our soldier and sailor boys.
The enormous business of the War
Risk Insurance Bureau occupies 260-
000 square feet of office space in elev
en buildings in Washington Ci’f^, and
keeps 7,500 clerks busy day by day.
Nine-tenths of the clerks, by the way,
are women.
For $6.80 a month, — S80.40 a year,
the government insures a 26-year old
soldier for $10,000. The lowest rate
in. a private insurance company on
this amount is around $580 a year and
for one year only.
If the policy holder is disabled or
dies, the government pays $57.50 a
month for twenty years on a ten
thousand dollar policy.
If your boy has not taken out a War
Risk policy, see that he does it at
once. His chance to do it expires
within four months of enlistment.
\^en the transport Moldovia was
torpedoed the other day 53 Arnerican
soldiers went down. Forty mine of
them carried War Risk Policies aver
aging $8,714 apiece. Within six hours
of the news in Washington, insurance
checks were in the mails. .
Manly, self-earned insurance is tar
better than the old time pension.
Government insurance in the Uni tea
States is the greatest protection ever
offered to its fighting forces by any nation
on earth. It is a simple, Kenfrous,
well-de-vised means of strengthening
the morale of our army and rtavy.
THE SPIRIT OF THIS CAMPUS
The Kaiser is beaten and knows it.
His forces in Syria have disappeared
by death and capture, and the British
army is about to cut into the Berlin-
Bagdad railway at Aleppo.
The Macedonian front has crumbled,
Bulgaria has surrendered, and Ger
many’s world empire is dismembered
at a Vital point. Delegates from Tur
key are on their way to a conference
with peace proposals, and Austria-
Hungary will soon hurry into the
peace camp with hands up.
Since- the middle of July, the Ger
man armies in France and Belgium
have been outgeneraled and outfought
at every point, the Hindenburg lire
has been battered to pieces in a dozen
places, and along all the fighting
fronts the Germans have lost 5,000
heavy guns, 30,000 machine guns, 300,-
000 men captured, and more than
twice as many left dead on the field.
And so the Kaiser sues—not for
peace but for a peace talk. What he
really wants is a sort of gabfest about
peace. Meanwhile, he’d like an armis
tice, thank you. Unless he Can stay
Foch’s strong right arm, he hardly
sees how he can get a half dozen of
his divisions safely across the Rhine.
And so he’d like to stop the lighting for
awhile. He thinks it’s getting to be a
little too rough for gentlemen.
It is the characteristic white flag
trick of the Germans, says the Temps.
The coimered beast draws in its claws
and offers us its bloodstained paw,
says the Journal des Debats.
And they say right, in the opinion
of mankind.
Anyway, President Wilson is not to
be tricked.
There can be no armistice, he says,
as long as there is a Gei-man foot on
a single inch of conquered soil.
Germany can have peace whenever
the German people accept the plain
terms long ago proposed by President
Wilson—the German people, mind you,
not the Kaiser and the German War
Lords. They are blood-guilty of this
measureless calarnity, and they have
proved themselves to be common liars
without any sort of sci-uple, and with
no principle but force and self-inter
est.
But read President Wilson’s note.
His strategy on the field of diplomacy
is like Marshal Foch’s on the field of
battle. It reduces the enemy to be-
1 wildering confusion. It says to the
the enemy streams across our borders,
German to^wns will go up in flames.
Our troops, fugitives, will roll east
ward, and the penetrating armies will
fill our towns and houses.
Our authorities will then be con
fronted with an insurmountable task
and everywhere the spirit of depres
sion will spread. If our food-supply,
now low, entirely fails, and there is
no more coal, and in consequence no
more light and no more trains, our in
dustries will come to a standstill and
hundreds of thousands of our people
will die.
If madness breaks out and takes
possession of the sui’vivors, and if
their attempts at revolt are resisted
with bloody force, instead of war out
side our borders, we will have war at
home, with trenches in the streets, ma
chine guns in the houses, corpses of
men, women and children on the pave
ments, and with death reigning evei’y-
where.
The Government must do everything
possible to Come to the conference ta
ble, together with its allies, as speedi
ly as possible.
It must be a government of German
democracy which goes to the confer
ence. Guaranties are necessary that
it not only be sumoned in order to re
lieve those now in power, but that it
be put there in accordance with the
people’s will, to watch over the perma
nent preservation of peace.—Berlin
Yorwarts.
THE STARS AND STRIPES
The flag of our country is no m ere
fabric of silk or bunting woven by hu
man hands. It is a living thing, puls
ing with the throbing ardors of hu
manity, glowing with the fervor of im
mortal hopes, leaping out in ecstasies
of love and dream. It is a song—the
song of upward looking men. It is an
altar fragrant with sacrifice.
It is a garden wherefrom a nation
grew, watered by the pure blood of
heroes. It is a haven wherein the
sanctified are gathered. It is the home
where free men dwell. It is the bat
tlefield whereon honor strikes its
blow for the cause of God.
It is a flame springing up to con
sume injustice and wither the hosts
of wrong. It is a voice that speaks
with the ^ eloquence of graves where
sleep tho^e who died to make it mean
purity and righteousness.
He who looks on that flag with ran
somed eyes beholds within its folds
the valor and the faith of Lexington
and Gettysburg—the blazing eyes of
the embattled farmers at Concord
bridge—the fierce splendors of the
ocean that was the cradle of John
Paul Jones—the clarion death cry
above the ruined Alamo—^the prayer
of Washington at Valley Forge—the
agony of Lincoln as he paced the
midnight hours—and, crowning all,
the wind-swept faces of our boys
who die today along the thunder-smit
ten hills of France.
The flag of the United States is the
glory of God shining in the faces of
those who dream of a world made
clean enough to be the dwelling place
of God. It turns our sorrows into
exultation and our sacrifices into the
melody of service.
For such a flag true men will al
ways gladly die—for such a flag good
men will always nobly live.—L. B.
Hodgson, St. Paul, Minn.
There was many a misty eye in the i people in effect—that mild lit-
little group of villagers on the Hnl as, sentences: If you really
they gathered around the 750 univer-1 peace, accept the terms already
sity students who stood at attention on | plainly proposed, withdraw your arm-
the Campus the other day to pledge from conquered territory, draw a
their allegiance to the_ Stars ^d ^ hangman’s halter around the neck of
Stripes flying gaily against the sky, fhe Kaiser and his war lords, organise
INFLUENZA CAUTIONS
1. Avoid needless crowding; indu
ing themselves in for the fourth lib
ertv loan, in order to come down th(
romesrtetch a nose ahead of the field.
and to offer their lives at the call of
their country to the cause of human
ity.
The prayer of the Rev. Euclid Mc
Whorter laid a lasting benediction on
the heads of these Carolina boys, and
the tender pleading of that unforget
table petition came bodily from the
Book—almost every word of it without
the loss of a letter. , , ,
And every heart throbbed to the
drumbeat of President Graham:’s brief
^ddT0SS
“We are met today,” said he, “to
re-assert in a spirit of high and sol
emn consecration our active faith in
the principles of freedom, justice and
equality, on which this nation was
founded, and out of which it has -grown
in beauty and strength to its present
the will of your people into a self-de
termined instrument of free existence,
and lo, the peace you crave is in your
hands.
The solemn death note of Kaiserism
and autocracy in Gei'many ahd every
other country on the globe sounds
fatefully in every word of President
Wilson’s five sentences.
Feudalism is dead on earth at last.
The day of universal democracy is
here after a full Century of Gethsem-
ane sweat.
An W, the chance is open to them,
and N^h Carolina is ready to cheer.
power.
“We mean to say here today, as our
fathers said—and as the wholesome,
heroic heart of men will always say—
that there are certain rights of liberty
and life inalienable from men every
where; and that whenever the vital
gro-wth of these rights is menaced we
will be quick to defend thein as a her
itage more precious than life itself.
“We are happy today as we accept
the sword of defense of these ancient
and eternal principles; and more for
the opportunity for a wider and deep
er interpretation of them that makes
GERMANY FACES RUIN
We must today, with all necessary
courage, consider the following situa
tions as possible if Bulgaria deserts
us, says the Berlin Vorwarts. Austria
and Turkey will associate themselves
with that step. That ■will mean that
in the southeast our aim will no longer
reach past our own border, and that
we will lose all influence over that part
of Poland and the Ukraine now occu
pied by Austria.
Then we German people will stand
alone against the French, British, Ital
ians, Americans, and their numerous
allies. We are fighting with our backs
to the wall and ruin before our eyes,
but we must still further extend the
picture of discouragement. If our sol-
enza is a crowd disease.
2. Smother your coughs and
sneezes; others do not want the
germs which you would throw away.
3. Your nose, not your mouth, was
made to breathe through. Get the
habit.
4. Remember the three Cs—a
clean mouth, a clean skin, and Clean
clothes.
5. Ti'y to keep cool when you
walk and warm when you ride and
sleep.
6. Open the windows always at
home at night; at the office when
practicable.
7. Your fate may be in your
hands; wash your hands before eat
ing.—Surgeon-General Gorgas of the
U. S. Army.
NOT ROOM FOR BOTH
diers on the West Front break, and I culture.
He is blind with prejudice or ignor
ance who does not see that from the
beginning of the war Germany con
templated an assault upon the United
States after she had completed the de
struction of France and England. Such
a combat was inevitable sooner or lat
er, for wide as the seas are that lie
between and vast as are the unsettled
spaces of the earth, there is not room
enough on this little planet for two
such antagonisms of political and
moral purpose as German AllmaCht
and American independence.—Clarence
Ousley, Assistant Secretary of Agri-