Hie news in this publica
tion is released (or the press on
receipt
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Carolina
(or its Bureau of Extension.
JULY 16,1919
CHAPEL HHX. N. G.
VOL. V, NO. 34
SdUarial Board  B. C. Branson, .1. U, deR. Hamilton, L. 8. Wilson, D. D Carroll, G. M. MoKie.
Entered as seeond-olass matter November 14, 1914, at the Postofflce at Chapel Hill, N, C., under the act of August 24,1912.
Million Dollar Counties
SOCIAL-WORK CONFERENCE i
Eight hundred sixty-one is the number j New Hanover and Forsyth lead the
of students registered at the University . state with $110 and $107 per inliabitant,
days of the summer counting men, women, and children of
both races.
Forsyth is far in the lead in the grand
total of bank-account savings, with $6,-
“128,000 in round numbers. It is nearly
twice the total of New Hanover or Guil
ford, the two counties that stand just be
low Forsyth in total bank-account sav-
for the first five days of the
school session. Which means that the
total registration for the term will be be
tween 11 and 12 hundred all told.
Two iiundred thirty students rpgistered
for college degree courses, or some 80
more than ever before on even date.
The high school principals and teachers
are just closing the first institute of the
session with an attendance representing |
sixty counties. |
The Social-Work Conference, July
13-20 inclusive, will be the next great in-1
stitute. The ‘social-minded teachers,
preacliers, .and community workers of all
sorts will be on hand in large numbers.
I
I mgs.
Forsyth alone lias more money laid
away in bank savings than the 670,000
inhabitants of the 43 counties at the fag
end of the table in tliis issue.
Fourteen counties have each a million
dollars or more in saving deposits and
time certificates, ranging from $1,006,000
in Surry to $6,500,000 in Forsyth. The
savings in the bank.s of these 14 counties
amount to thirty million dollars, and
thirty million dollars is nearly exactly
lialf of all the bank account savings of
the entire state. The table is as follows;
Forsyth $6,428,273
New Hanover 3,866,362
Guilford 3,264,474
Durham 3,111,224
Mecklenburg 2,643,191
Nash 1,827,141
Wake 1,413,695
Wilson 1,396,316
Rockingham 1,245,895
, . Granville 1,140,873
a wetaier— ‘down the mountain a ! Alamance 1,106,301
THE LOSS FROM DOGS
For every dog kept a loss,of $36.50
must he pocketed every year. For every
sheep kept a profit of $27.60 may be
pocketed every year.
At least tliat is the way tlie proposition
was itemized on the blackboard of a
mountain schoolhouse by a farm demon
stration agent in Kentucky. And the
figures were convincing. There was not
a slieep in the district at the time the
figures were placed on tlie blackboard.
Somebody said there used to lie one sheep
HUNGRY MINDS
Woodrow Wilson
To my thinking, the Christian church
stands not only at the center of phil
anthropy but at the center of science,
at the center of philosophy, at the
center of politcs—in short, at the cen
ter of sentiment and thinking life;
and the business of the Christian
chnrcii, of tile tlhristian iiiinisler is to
siiuw the spiritual relation of men to
tiie great world processes, wheilier
they be physical or spiritual. It is
nothing less than to show the plan of
life. I wonder if any of you realize
how hungry men’s minds are for a
complete and satisfactory explanation
of life.
UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
LETTER SERIES NO. 176
ways,” but the dogs ate him.
A few weeks from the time the agent
placed the figures on the board 15 boys
each had contrived to buy a sheep.
Eleven dogs had been killed. Several
other families, pestered by their small
sons, but still unwilling to kill their dogs,
were trying to give the brutes away.
Similar movements were started at
other schools. Now, in that district,
there are 622 boys wfio are members of
the sheep club. Among them they own
nearly 2,665 siiee'p. By the tax returns,
the dog population appears to have in
creased also, but the agent says tins is not
true. Formerly there was no sentiment
for enforcement of tlie dog law, he says,
but now there is a very strong sentiment
that way, and, while there lias been a
considerable decretise in the number of
dogs, tliere is an apparent increase, be
cause people who formerly evaded the
dog tax now liavexto pay it.—Kansas lu-
Hastrialist.
OUR SAVINGS DEPOSITS
Sixty-one million dollars. Tliat’s the
total of our bank-account savings in
December, the last year of the world war;
19 millions in our 82 national banks and
42 millions in our 442 state banks.
It is nearly three times the total of
1915 (See the North Carolina Club-Year
Book for 1915-16); 61 against 22 millions.
During the last two years of the war
we invested 163 million dollars in liberty
bonds.and war stamps and gave three
a iialf millions out of hand to the Red
-Cross, The Army Y, the Salvation Army,
and sunilar other war relief agencies
And every tiom we turned around we’d
hear soniebody say: Surely this is the
last drive! If this sort of tiling keefis up,
-we’il go into bankruptcy !
And yet we ended the war with 61 mil
lion dollars in our banks, in time certifi
cates and saving deposits.
Our surplus cash in the. banks of North
Carolina today is more than we have been
able or willing to invest in church and
ischool properties—church and state, pub
lic and private—in 250 years of history!
It is just about equal to tlie total we
ihave invested in motor cars during tlie
last ten years!
If ever again we talk about being poor
In North Carolina, we ought to he a-
shamed of ourselves. We are rich enough
to invest in anything we really care
about—in cliurch purposes, college en
dowments, school houses and school sup
port, improved highways, ■ whatnot. If
anywliere we ever again balk at investing
in these primary agencies of civilization,
it will be because we are incurably tight-
lekiuncd and close-fisted.
The day of pint-cup tliinking about the
big-scale concerns of life and destiny is
surely at an end in tlie Good Old North
State.
Vance 1,027,386
Gaston 1,006,659
Surry 1,006,344
Total $30,484,110
Nash, Granville, Vance, and Surry are
all country counties containing brisk,
prosperous little cities. But they have
climbed toward the top of the column in
bank-account savings in the order
named. They are in the million dollar
class in North Carolina.
Leading and Lagging
Forty-one counties are alioye the state
average of $17.86 per inhabitant.
Nine of these are in the tidewater
country, and in bank savings per inhabi
tant they rank in the following order:
Pasquotank, Craven, Hertford, Carteret,
Martin, Chowan, Gates, Beaufort, and
Bertie. Pasquotank may be surprised to
find that she stands ahead of Guilford in
per capita bank-account savings, and
Bertie ahead of Wake.
The other 32 leading counties lie, as
miglit be expected, in the cotton and
tobacco belts or in the industrial area of
the state; and high up in the list stand
Cleveland and Surry 16th, McDowell 19th,
Cataw'oa 21st, and Orange 23rd,
Forty-nine counties were below the
state average of bank savings per inhabi
tant in 1918. These 49 rearward counties
are scattered all over the state from Cher
okee to Currituck and from Ashe to
Brunswick. Mainly they are remote coun
try counties away out on the rim of things,
with poor facilities of communication
and transportation, with few or no brisk
trading centers, with little manufacture,
and—mark this—with no ready-cash crops
to put uion^y into circulation in adequate
quant!tie.“‘. Tlieso counties are inaiiil.^
in the Tidewater cnuntry, in the gr.dn,
hay, and. forasie area east of the Ridge,
and in the Mountains.
They are all good counties, but the
fundamental defect in the farm life of
these counties is the lack of reatiy-cash
products. The farmers live at home and
live well, but too little^money is in circu
lation. This is a world of commerce and
credit, and s^9inehow these 49 counties
must break into this w-orld—with cotton
and tobacco, with peanuts, potatoes
and pork, with butter and cheese,
with milk ami meat, poultry and eggs,
with these or with other cash products
that will leave a comfortable profit in the
hands of tlie producers.
Living in the world of products alone is
the ancient order of country life; living
in the world of products and profits is the
new order of country life. A farm area
without ready-casli crops is outside the
modern world of business. It misses the
stimulus of profits, and profits depend on
market and credit conditions. Witliout
this stimulus a farm area is apt to produce
a static or stagnant civilization in life as
well as in business.
Some Surprises
1. Three counties with no banks—
Camden, Currituck and Graham.
2. Seven counties with banks but no
savings deposits or time certificates in
December 1918, or none reported—Clay,
Dare, Jackson, Macon, Stokes, Swain,
and Tyrrell.
3. The low rank of Buncombe—43rd.
It stood higli in patriotic war-securities,
but in bank account savings it ranks
with Onslow and Columbus, with only
$16 per inhabitant in private bank sav
ings. It ought to be said, however, that, September 30, 1787—August 10, 1790,
the rank of Buncombe, Rowan and Guil- q'hg American flag completed its first trip
ford is lowered because the bank account. around the world, borne by the ship
savings of the Wachovia branches are Columbia, sailing from Boston.
January 13, 1794. American flagchang-
MORE FLAG DATES
January 28, 1778. First appearance on
a foreign stronghold at Nassau, Bahama
Islands. The Americans captured Fort
Nassau from the British, and promptly
raised the “Stars and Stripes.”
February 14, 1778. First foreign salute
to the “Stars and Stripes.” John Paul
Jones entered Quiberon Bay, near Brest,
France, and received a salute of nine
guns from the French fleet, under Admi
ral La Motte Piquet. Jones had pre
viously saluted the French fleet with
thirteen guns.
April 24, 1778. John Paul Jones in the
Ranger achieved the honor of being the
first officer of the American Navy to com
pel a regular British man-of-war, H. B.
M. S. Drake, to strike her colors to the
new flag.
February 3, 1783. First appearance of
the American flag in a British port by
tlie ship Bedford of Massachusetts, which
arrived in the river Thames, England, on
this date.
September 13, 1784. First displayed in
China, by Captain John Greene of the
Empress of China, in Canton River. The
natives said it was as a flower, and the
Chinese continued to call it the “flower
flag” for many years.
of the Wachovia
credited to the home bank in Forsyth
4. The low rank of Johnston county.
Its place in North Carolina in the
production of farm wealth from year to
year is 2d, being led by Robeson county
alone; but in bank-account savings its
rank is only 62nd. In tliis particular it
stands on a level with Stanly, Mont
gomery, Yadkin, and Bladen.
5. The low rank of Greene and David
son—71st. In 1918 Greene had $38 of
motor car wealth per inhabitant and
led the'state in this particular, but only
$6 per inhabitant in bank account sav
ings. While Davidson stood 15th in
automobile wealtli and only 71st in bank
account savings.
6. The pitifully small bank savings of
Hyde, Caswell, and Union, only $2 per
inhabitant; and in Burke—only $l per
inhabitant.'
Ten UnranKed Counties
Ten counties do not appear in tlie table.
We know tlie totals of bank savings in
each, but not the populations—because
of the changes in territory, due to the
foi'Diation of new counties since 1900.
Tlie totals are as follows:
Robeson ,..$890,591
Cumberland 720,095
Moore 426,642
Lee 346,330
Cliatliam 334,164
Watauga 215,931
Caldwell 182,527
Hoke 109,598
Mitchell 82,601
Avery 44,804
Three of these unranked counties are
in tlie mountains—Watauga, Mitchell,
and Avery. Tlieir combined bank sav
ings in 1918 were only $343,336. It is
less tlian the total for Lenoir, a little
county just east of the Ridge—less by
nearly $140,000.
Robeson and Scotland
These two adjoining counties are again
worth noting. Robeson is the ricliest farm
county in North Carolina, but in total
bank account savings it is outranked by
16 counties. Both Cleveland and Pitt
stand ahead of it in this particular.
Scotland, which has about one-third as
many* inhabitants and barely more than
a third as much taxable wealth, has near
ly as large total of bank savings as
Robeson. It fell behind Robeson in 1918
only $118,000.
Robeson, Scotland, Wayne and John
ston are easily the most fertile farm coun
ties in North Carolina, and they lead the
state in the per acre production of farm
wealth year by year; but in bank-account
savings they somehow lose the high rank
they have in the production of crop
wealth. When it comes to the retention
of farm wealth, they fall down, and
there’s a reason. It is worth the while
of their bankers to think it out.
ed by Act of Congress owing to two new
states (Kentucky and Vermont) being
admitted to the Union. The flag now
had two stars and two stripes added to it.
making fifteen stripes and stars. This
was the “Star Spangled Banner,” and
under this flag our country fought and
won three wars to maintain her existence,
the so-called naval war with France in
1798; that with the Barbary States in
1801-5; and that with England in 1812-15.
January 26, 1813. U. S. Frigate Es,
sex, first war-ship to fly the American
flag in the Pacific, after rounding Cape
Horn. The Essex destroyed British com
merce in the Pacific to the amount of six
millions of dollars. Built at Salem, Mass.,
and launched September 30, 1799.
April 4, 1818. Congress by Act, de
creed a return to the original stripes, and
a star for eyery state in the Union, the
new star to be added to the flag on the
July 4th following a State’s admission to
the Union. This is the present law in
relation to the flag.
August 24, 1824. The “Stars and
Stripes,” were raised for the first time
over the cupola of the Massachusetts
State House on Beacon Hill on the occa
sion of the visit of Lafayette to Boston.
August 10, 1831. The name “Old
Glory” given to our national flag by
Cuptain William Driver of the brig,
Charles Doggett. The flag was presented
to the captain, and contained 110 yards
of bunting. It is now said to be in the
Essex Institute at Salem.
October 8, 1867. First official display
of the American flag in Alaska. On this
day at Sitka, the capital, the Russian
flag was hauled down and the American
flag run up before the barracks and in
the presence of both Russian and Ameri
can troops.—L. A. W.
OUR BANK ACCOUNT SAVINGS
Per Inhabitant in December 1918
Covering savings deposits and time certificates in all banks, state and national.
Based on tlie last reports (1) of the State Bank Commission, and the Federal
Comptroller of the Currency, and (2) on estimated populations as per the United
States Census.
Total bank account savings, $61,000,000; Per Inhabitant, $17.86.
Department of Rural Economics
University of North Carolina, 1918-19
Rank Counties
Per
Cap.
New Hanover $110
Forsyth 107
Durham 69
Vance 47
Granville 43
Wilson 43
Scotland 43
Nash 43
Pasquotank 40
Guilford 39
Alamance 35
Mecklenburg 34
Rockingham 32
Craven 31
Hertford 31
Cleveland 30
Surry 30
Carteret 29
McDowell 27
Martin 26
Catawba .'. 25
Duplin 25
Lincoln 24
Person 24
Total
Savings
$3,866,362
6,428,273
3,111,224
1,027,386
1,140,873
1,396,316
772,636
1,827,117
797,321
3,264,474
1,106,301
Rank Counties
Per
Cap.
$16
Columbus ....
HS' Wilkes 15
‘i'S Sampson 15
Polk 15
Edgecombe 15.
S% Cherokee 14
Warren 14
St- Transylvania 14
5iT Nortliampton 13
SS Alexander 13
SS" Jones 13
2,643,191 Henderson 13
1,345,895 Rutherford 13
836,418 Harnett '... 12
503,074 Haywood lo
996,566 t)U Bftaaiist)
,006,344 : 61- Pei
456,044 tv Stai
Orange 24
Chowan 23
Gates 22
Pitt 22
Gaston 22
Beaufort 21
Iredell 21
Cabarrus 21
Franklin 20
Bertie 20
o.., mke..,- 20
^ Da^; .'.'.f? .^^19
Wayne .■.. 18
3^' Rowan 18
Randolph 18
.IS” Lenoir 18
Halifax 18
i-3 Washington 17
Yancey 17
Onslow 16
vr Buncombe 16
390,243
476,320
846,762
693,829
450,874
428.912
372,610
277,922
229,113
924,961
1,006,659
533,843
829,959
626,405
482.913
497,469
1,413,695
f 734,395
I 804,859
548,806
472,511
800,027
198,868
212,163
256,193
868,487
.. 10
..
Johnston 9
Montgomery 9
Yadkin 9
C'.^ Bladen 9
i9 Ashe 8
if Perquimans 8
i f Richm^nd 8
'^2- -BrunswiQk 7
73 Greene g
73 Davidson g
7iT'Alleghany 5
7^ Madison 4
7i Anson 4
7S Hyde 2
7S Caswell 2
7^ Union 2
8G'"'^mjce
81 Camden 0
81 Currituck 0
81 Graham 0
81 Clay 0
81 Dare 0
81 Jackson 0
81 Macon 0
81 Stokes 0
81 Swain 0
81 Tyrrell 0
Total
Savings
$5gg,417
504,380
486,015
124,787
548,498
230,833
288,771
105,736
295,071
158,362'
115,578
244,983
398,775
348,145
268,613
iaa,ass
173,627
'"23L439
457,592
140,953
156,595
160,142
146,818
99,390
181,883
115.296
85,245
227,549
37,885
74,580
114.296
18,688
34,182
76,643
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Ten counties are omitted for lack of authoritative population figures: Avery
Caldwell, Chatham, Oumberland, Hoke, Lee, Mitchell, Moore, Robeson, and
Watauga.