The news in this publica
tion is released (or the press on
receipt.
- THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University of North Carolina
for its Bureau of Extension.
SEPTEMBER 24,1919
CHAPEL HELL, N. C.
VOL. V, NO. 44
Editorial Board i B, C. Branson, J. G* deR. Hamilton, L. B. Wilson, D. D. Carroll, G« M. McKi^
Entered as second-class matter November 14, 1914, at the Postofflce at Chapel Hill, N« C., under the act of August 24,1912.
EXPLORING NORTH CAROLINA
PUBLIC WELFARE COUNCIL
W« go the printers with the copy for
this «Bue the morning of September 15,
the day the State and County Council
convenes on the University campus.
Two hundred fifty-one reservations
for attendants have been made in advance
* in the buildings of the University as per
postcard requests. The registration prom
ises to be something like 400 or more dur
ing the W'eek. A really great first session
of the Council.
The state and county officials will live
together in the dormitories and mess hall
like college boys, and together consider
the public welfare duties laid upon them
by the laws of the state. It cannot be
luxurious living at $1.25 a day, but it
will be the best that is possible under all
the circumstances.
The University News letter of October
1 will be the first issue after the council
session and will carry a full report of the
proceedings, as far at least as our limited
.space will allow'.
UNIVERSITY PROSPECTS
Two w'eeks ago, Dr. T. J. Wilson, reg
istrar of the University, announced that
indications point to an attendance, at the
■coming session of fifteen hundred stu
dents, which will break the University
record. The accommodations on the
University campus and in Chapel Hill
will be taxed to take care of this attend
ance. The Freshman Class alone is ex
pected to number nearly four hundred
men, and many students in the military
and naval service will return to finish
their college work. A large increase is
expected also in the number of co-educa-
tional students, bast year there were
more than forty, and Dr. Wilson is plan
ning for sixty during the cpming session.
The University branch of the Deserve
■Officers’ Training Corps will be continued
this year under the direction of Major F.
W. Boye, a regular officer of the United
Btates Army, who was commandant last
year after the S. A. T. C. was disbanded.
Registration for the military course is
purely voluntary. The work counts as
•credit toward a degree, and students who
complete four years of training, includ
ing the summer camps, and who agree
•under oath in writing to serve the United
.States in the capacity of a reserve officer
' during a period of at least ten years may
receive commissions in the Officers’ Re
serve Corps. Uniforms and equipment
will be issued to the men.
NORTH CAROLINA STUDIES
During the last regular session and
summer school term of the University of
North Carolina, 58 home-state studies.of
economic, social, and civic sort were
made by students in the department of
Rural Social Science. Altogether during
the last five years, some 351 such studies
have been made at the University cfi
North Carolina.
Contemporary Civilii^ation is the title of
the new course required this fall of all
Freshman students at Columbia. Con
temporary Civilization in Carolina is the
name tliat might be given to these home-
state studies by volunteers at Carolina;
and the name itself carries i|,s own ex
planation and justification.
So far as we know no such work is be
ing done in any other college or univer
sity in the land. These young men are
exploring North Carolina and preparing
for intelligent eitizenship and competent
leadership in public afifairs at home and
abroad. Their ideal is to walk with
kings nor lose the common touch, in
Kipling’s phrase.
The studies have been as follows;
1. Universities in the UnitedStates: (1)
Support per $1,000 of Taxable Property,
(2) Support per Inhabitant, (3) Appro
priations to State Universities, ^4) Value
of State University Plants.—H. M. Hop
kins, graduate student from Wesleyap
College, 0. University News Letter,
Vol. V. Nos. 9, 10, 11, 12.
2. Church Membership in North Caro
lina in 1916 ; (1) Religious Bodies of the
State, (2) Church Membership in North
Carolina, by Counties ''compared with
General Populations.—E. Eybers, grad
uate student from the Universities of Stel
lenbosch, Union of South Africa, Edin
burgh, King’s College, Ixindon, and
New York University. University News
Letter, Vol. V, Nos. 14, 15. (3) Non-
Church Membership in North Carolina
by Counties compared with populations
10 years old and over.—Rev. A. W. Craw
ford, Greensboro, and Miss Ernestine
Noa, Rural Social Science Deparment, U.
N. C. (4) Cliurch Membership, Ten-Year
Gains and Losses by Counties, 1906-16.—
Department of Rural Social Science U.
N. C. University News Letter, Vol, V,
Nos. 21, 24.
3. Livestock Levels in the United
States and in Nbrth Carolina, by Coun
ties in 1910.—H. M. Hopkins, Ohio.
University News I.«tter, Vol. V, Nos.
18, 19.
4. Public School Expenditures per
Pupil in Average Attendance, in the
United States, in 1915-16.—Department
Rural Social Science, U. N. C. Univer
sity News Letter, Vol. V. No. 25.
5. Divorces in the United States, and
in North Carolina by Counties, in 1916.
—Department Rural Social Scince, U.
N. C. University News Letter, Vol. V,
Nos. 26, 28, 29.
6. Our Wealth in Automobiles per
Inhabitant in the United States, and in
North Carolina by Counties, in 1918.
—S. J. Calvert, Northampton County.
University News I^etter, Vol. V, Nos.
30, 31.
7. War-Time Thrift in North Caro
lina, by Counties in 1918.—Miss Ernes
tine Noa, Department Rural Social
Science, U. N. C. University News Let
ter, V&l. V, No. 33.
8. Bank-Account Savings in North
Carolina, by Counties in 1918.—Miss
Noa. University News Letter, Vol. V,
No. 34.
9. M^ar-Time Strikes in the United
States, 1916-18.—Department of Rural
Social Science, U. N. C. University News
Letter, Vol. V. No. 43.
10. North Carolina in the World War.
—W. R. Cuthbertson, Charlotte, N. C.,
and M. R. Robbins, Rocky Mount, N. C.
11. Cotton Production in North Caro
lina, Ten-Year Increases and Decreases,
1908-1918.—P. H. Booe, Winston-Salem,
N. C. .
12. Country Church Studies.—Rev. .1.
M. Arnette, Badin, N. C. ,
13. Farm Credit Unions in North
Carolina.—W. N. Poindexter, Walkers-
ton, N. C., and Kazuwo Aibara, Yoko
hama, .lapan.
Studies of other states and countries
were:
14. Farm Life in Japan.—Kazuwo
Aibara, Yokohama.
15. Non-Church Membersliip in Vir
ginia in 1910, as related to Illiteracy and
Tenancy.—E.'L. Daughtry, Southamp
ton County, Va.
County Studies*
1. Caswell County: (1) Historical
Sketch, (2) Resources, Industries and
Opportunities, (3) Facts about the Folks.
—R. A. Maynard> Altamaliaw, Alamance
County.
2. Catawba County: Economic and
Social—(1) Historical Background, (2)
Resources and Advantages, (3) Industries
and Opportunities, (4) Facts about the
Folks, (5) Wealth and Taxation, (6)
Public Schools, Rank and Progress, (7)
Agricultural Production, (8) Farm Con
ditions and Practices, (9) Cooperative
Farm Enterprises, (10) Where Catawba
Leads, (11) Wliere We Lag and the Way
Out, (12) Catawba in the World War.—
Messrs. E. H. Abernethy, F. R. Bacon,
E. 0. Moehlmann, and E. J. Pipes, of
Catawba County. Almost ready for the
printers.
3. Franklin County: (1) Wealth and
Taxation, (2) Natural Resources, (3) In
dustries and Opportunities.—J. C. Peel,
Elon College, Alamance County.
4. Gaston County: Brief History.—J.
J. Rhyne, Bessemer City, N. C.
5. Granville County: Economic and
Social (Fourteen Chapters.)—J. Ralpli
Weaver, Bryson City, Swain County.
SPACIOUS-MINDED MEN
The trend of the times is away from
dependence upon the strong man and
in the direction of greater faitii in the
final sanity of mass action and opin
ion.
It is not, however, the strong man’s
strength that democracy should curb;
it is the strong man’s irresponsibility
that has caused the trouble in the
past.
The more democratic we become, [the
more we shall stand in need of strong
leadership—and of intelligent disciple-
ship, which is even more important.
The times ahead will be complex and
baffling to all but the spacious-minded
men who broadly understand and are
at home in a world of conflicting de
mands and diverse as]>irations.
Nothingsbut a new and better liber
al education can give us these spa
cious-minded men and women that
the times demand.—Glenn Frank, in
The Century Magazine.
Almost ready for the printers.
6. Halifax County: (1) Historical Back-'
ground, (2) Seven-Year Gains in Rural
Schools, 1909-1916.—Donald S. Daniel,
Weldon, N. C.
7. McDowell County: (1) Historical
Sketch, (2) Natural Resources, (3) Indus
tries and Opportunities, (4) Facts About
the Folks.—Miss Ida Belle Ledbetter,
Dame, N. C.
8. Northampton County: (1) Histor
ical Sketch, (2) Resources, Industries,
and Opportunities, (3) Wealth and Tax
ation.—Robert K. Hancock, Jackson,
N. 0.
9. Onslow County: (1) Historical
Sketch, (2) Resources, Industries, and
Opportunities, (3) Facts About the Folks.
Isaac J. Kellum, Sneads Ferry, N. C.,
and Miss Sara I.«e Brock, Riclilands,
N. C.
10. Pitt County: (1) Brief History, (2)
Natural Resources, (3) Industries and
Opportunities.—S. J. Husketh, Bethel,
N. 0.
11. Robeson County: (1) Historical
Sketch, (2) Resources, Industries, and
Opportunities.—F. T. Hines, McLeans-
ville, N. 0.
12. Scotland County: (1) Brief His
tory, (2) Resources, Industries, and Op
portunities, (3) Facts About the Folks.—
Miss Tlielma Gibson, Laurinburg, N. C.-
13. Wake County: Bread-and-Meat
Farming in Wake.—Barber Towler, Ra
leigh, N. C.
Carolina Club Studies
During the S. A. T. 0. period at the
University in the fall of 1918, no North
CaYolina Club was possible. When the
S. A. T. 0. blew up, the club was
promptly organized and beginning in
late January devoted ten sessions to
North Carolina: Industrial and Urban,
as follows;
1. The Cityward Drift of Country
Populations in North Carolina.—E. C.
Branson, University faculty.
Does the Cityward Drift Augur Good
or 111 for the State?—Discussion led by
Messrs. S. H. Willis and E. S. Merritt.
2. Town and tountry Interdependen
cies.—E. C. Branson^University faculty.
Local Markets for Home-raised Food
stuffs, the most Important Business Prob
lem of our Cities.—Discussion led by
Messrs. R. C. Maxwell and F. S. Mer
ritt.
3. Our Rapidly Developing Industrial
Life.—J. V. Baggett, Salemburg, N. 0?"
Home-Ownership, the most Important
Social Problem of our Towns and Factory
Centers.—Discussion led by Messrs. W.
H. Andrews, Jr., and W. E. Price.
4. Forms of City Government in North
Carolina.—W. M. York, High Point,
N. 0.
Towns of 5,000 or more Inhabitants in
North Carolina should adopt the City-
Manager plan of Government.—Discus
sion by Messrs. W. H. WiJJiamson and
F. G. Miles.
5. City Budgets and City Finance in
Nortli Carolina.—D. D. Carroll, Univer
sity faculty.
Separate Sources of State and Local
Revenue would be Conducive to the best
Interests of North Carolina.—Discussion
by Messrs. D. L. Grant and W. M. York.
6. Municipal ownership of Public
Utilities.—C. L. Raper, University facul
ty-
Is Municipal Ownership a Success or a
Failure?—Discussion by Messrs. R. B.
Gwynn and M. M. Jernigan.
7. Cliambers of Commerce in North
Carolina.—Albert M. Coates, President
of the North Carolina Club.
The Chief Function of a Chamber of
Commerce is to Promote Prosperity in the
Surrounding Trade Territory.—Discussion
by Messrs. W. H. Bobbitt and Donald
Van Noppen.
8. Public Health AVorfc in North-Car-
olina, Town and Country.—Miss Ernes
tine Noa, Rural Social Science Depart
ment, University of North Carolina.
North Carolina Cities should Employ
Public Health Nurses.—Discussion by
Miss Caroline Goforth, Lenoir, N. C:’
9. Juvenile Courts in North Carolina.
—Mrs. Thos. W. Lingle, State Board of
Public Welfare, Davidson College, N. C.
Juvenile Courts should be ' Estab
lished in all North Carolina Towns of
5,000 or more Inhabitants.—Discussion
by Messrs. T. J. Brawley and Nathan
Mobley.
10. *Vocat?onal Education in our
Towns and Cities.—L. A. Williams, Uni
versity faculty.
Vocational Education should be offer
ed in the Public Schools of every Town
and City in North Carolina.—Discus
sions by Messrs. F. 0. and AY. P. An
drews.
HUMANIZING EDUCATION
If we are to raise up adequate leadership
for tlie future, our colleges must contrive
to give students a genuinely liberal educa
tion that will make them intelligent
citizens of the world; an education that
wilt make them at home in the modern
world, able to work in harmony with the
dominant forces of their age, not at cross
purposes with tliem; an education that will
acquaint tliem with the physical, social,
economic, aii(|’_political aspects, laws, and
forces of tiieir world; an education that
will furnish them witli the primary in or-
mation and tlie adequate background need
ed for a sane interpretation of current life;
an education tliat will help them to plot
out the larger world beyoad the campus;
an education tliat will give them an interest
in those events and issues in which people
generally are concerned; an education
that will enable them to give informed
and intelligent consideration to the sig
nificant problems of American life; an
education that will provide them with a
sort of Baedeker’^ guide to civilization ;
in short, an education that will make for
that spacious-minded type of citizenship
whicli alone can give adequate leadership
to a democracy.
If good citizenship and great leader
ship in a democracy require an intelligent
understanding of the facts, forces, and
tendencies of the modern world in their
relations one to another, clearly tlie curri
culum of the college must not only offer
courses that deal with ' the bodies
of facts required, but must present tliese
bodies of facts in a manner that will
bring out the relationships between facts
and give to the student a well-rounded
and synthetic understanding of his
world. J
The college must somehow contrive to
adjust its curriculum to the task of awak
ening the interest of students in the larger
problems of our national life at the out-
sel; of the college course, and of giving
them a correlated and unified conception
of the world into which they are going.
—Glenn Frank in the Century Magazine,
September, 1919.
Headway at Carolina
AYe are quoting a paragraph or two
from this timely article because it very
! well exhibits the doctrines of culture for
I citizensSp, that are more and more find
ing expression in the University of North
! Carolina. AVitness the Campus Peace Con
ference, the North Carolina Club, the legis-
j lative debates on present-day problems
in the Di and Phi Societies, the new School
of Commerce, the Social AYork Conferrnce
in July, the State and County Council in
September, the Peace-Issues Courses for
the Freshmen and Sophomores in 1919-20.
Tliese last, by the way, are very like the
new course required of all Freshmen at
Columbia this fall.
AVhat we lack at Carolina is a great
school of Social Science. AYe found at
AA'^isconsin in 1914 forty-two instructors
offering 137 courses in political science,
political economy, economics, sociology,
public welfare, economic and social his
tory and so on and on. The field is open
in the South and North Carolina has a
first class chance to pre-occupy it.
Next year Carolina is adding Red Cross
Home Service Training, courses in Hy
giene and Physical Education, Public
Health and Sanitary Engineering. Little
by little as opportunity arises the Univer
sity of North Carolina is heading into an
adequate school of Social Science—housed
in a building of its own, let us hope.
CAROLINA’S GREATEST NEED
The greatest need of North Carolina and
every other state today is better farmers,
better merchants, better preachers, better
teachers and a more intelligent Mr.
Average Citizen. This can never come
except through higher education. Mass
movement must be accelerated in culture
in citizen training, and in a keener public
conscience, if Democracy is to endure.
On every count a higher education pays.
There are men without it who succeed
and do well. But not a one of them is
there that wouldn’t do better with it. It
increases the earning power, it makes one
more useful to his community, it gives
mental and moral poise, and it develops
character, provided one] is a nian. But
not all the colleges in three dozen states
can make a man out of a fool.
North Carolina is rapidly becoming a
great state and is taking on the dignity,
of wealth and culture. It is a happy
fact that the law now makes it impossi
ble for the normal boy or girl to grow up
in ignorance. The great movements for
better things in the state which are spon
sored by some of its greatest and most
useful citizens can never get far so longa.s
there is a stubborn undertow of ignorance
and superstition. Education puts a man
on the riglit side of all great public ques
tions, if he is the right sort of man.—
Laurinburg Exchange.
A RICH MAN’S RELIGION
At the age of fifty-feur, Andrew Car
negie publisliod an essay which, at the
suggestion of Mr. Gladstone, was given
wide circulation under the title of The
Gospel of AVealth. On the text that
riches are only a sacred trust to be ad
ministered for the general good, he ar
gued briefly-that wealtli comes from and
should return to tlie community; tliat it
arises only partly from labor, discovery,
invention, individual ability, and enter
prise ; and that it is due primarily to the
increasing demands of an increasing pop
ulation.
Meanwhile, said he, the distribution of
wealth lags behind improvement in the
hours of labor, • wages, and the general
condition of wage-earners. The com
munity, therefore, should enforce pro
gressive taxation, concluding with prac
tically confiscatory death duties, thus
both claiming its own and persuading the
rich to employ directly in distribution
the activity from which the community
has already profited indirectly tlirough
the accumulation of great fortunes.
This, then, is the duty of the man of
wealth^ said Mr. Carnegie: To set an
example of modest, unostentatious liv
ing, shunning display or extravagance;
to provide moderately for the legitimate
wants of those dependent upon him; and,
after doing so, to consider all surplus rev
enues which come to Ifim simply as trust
funds, which he is called upon to admin
ister, and strictly bound as a matter of
duty to administer in the manner which,
in his judgment, is best calculated to pro
duce the most beneficial results for the
community.
These ideas were by no means new,
but tliey had never before been enunciat
ed so definitely by so rich a man, and no
one ever carried them out with equal
consistency.—Clyde Furst, in the Even
ing Post Magazine.