I
The news in this publica
tion is released lor the press on
iceipt.
THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA
NEWS LETTER
Published weekly by the
University ol North Carolina
lor its Bureau ol Elxtension.
DECEMBER 8, 1920
CHAPEL HILL, N. C.
VOL VH, NO. 5
Editorial Board j C. Branson, L. R. Wilson, E, W. Knight, D. D. Carroll, J. B. Bullitt.
Entered as second-class matter November U, 1914, at the Postofflce at Chapel Hill, N, C., under the act of August 24, 1913.
tEVALUAT!0M INCREASES 1919-20
RESCUE THE PERISHING
0n3 babe of every twelve born alive
in K'"'h Carolina in 1919 died during
th«twelve months. So read the
la^r-t figures of the federal Census Bu
reau.
In 1917 our death .rate of infants was
to Ml'"
-cry
eleven.
-Ul,
Which is
jHi'd i.-; now
They have learned how to make money,
and how to save it. In the last ten years,
it is said, they have invested $100,000,-
000 in automobiles, which indicates that
the people of the State know how to
enjoy what they have made.—Richmond
Times Dispatch.
TEN REASONS FOR TEACHING
t yea*'
1 .:
we:
of i
otS'
j «n|p.
.>0
%)T
-A.
'i'tuiCe IS
vtfii-to-Uo and
ab'c’-' i'i'
hygiene. 'Th'-i soi- ig,
pl^ingly common even in
supposedly intelligent homes. '■
because they did not know how to j
safe-guard their babes from the com-:
mon scourges of infancy—most largely ' diligence.
the fly-borne- diseases, and the deadly , Because it is a highly respected prot
ills due to contaminated milk, improper , fission which is rapidly receiving more
It is the duty of every school superin-1
tenuent, .school committeeman, and pa-;
' I iolie C’ifi/ten so to cooperate in organ-1
i'i'.g and crystallizing public opin-;
ti t’vit lecai young men and women
■vii! elioo.se teaching— j
I'-'cr.i..--., vithout education our c.-uii-1'
i.7>viijn..t advance-for a State or a j |
_oiint'ry is no better than its schools.
•lec'iu.' teacher comes into con
stant contact with the best things in
life.
Because teaching is one of the surest
ways of making one’s personality count.
Because the teacher may have as
diet, and exposure to contact with in-
jfected persons; in other words, from
diseases most of which are preventable
or readily curable with timely proper
care and treatment.
Or because they were too far away
from the doctor or too poor or too igno
rant to call the doctor in time.
and more recognition. ’
Because it offers an opportunity for
the highest type of service by influenc
ing countless others to live honorable
and useful lives.
Because our land must be safeguard
ed and education is our protection. The
j teacher must carry on what the soldier
Our infant death rate of 84 per thous-, began,
and births is three points below the av- j Because it keeps one young, alive,
i and progressive. Contact with grow-
erage for the 22 states of the registra
tion area. And it is a lower rate than
we had in 1917—one point lower, but
there are still nine states that make a
' hittor showing. We need to lower still
' further the rate of infant deaths in
North Carolina and we can do it under
the leadership of our distinguished State
Health Officer and his devoted staff.
King Herod slev/ 20 babes in Bethle
hem 20 oenturies ago, but King Igno
rance slew 62 hundred babes in North
Carolina last year.
The hour stroke of our clocks, day and
night the year through, tolls the death
of a helpless babe in this state.
Ipeseue the Perishing is a song that
we ought to sing with a new meaning
»)Dur devout minds.
HERE LIES A MAN
Teach me that sixty minutes make
an hour, sixteen ounces one pound
and 100 cents $1. Help me so to live
that I can lie down at night with a
clear conscience without a gun un
der my pillow and unhaunted by the
faces of those to whom I have brought
pain.
Grant that I may earn my meal
ticket on the square and that in earn
ing it I may do unto ot’ners as I
would have them do unto me. Deaf
en me to the jingle of tainted money
and to the rustle of unholy skirts.
Blind me to the faults of the other
llov. but reveal to me my own.
■ ode me so that each night when I
look across the dinner table at my
wife who has been a blessing to me,
I will have nothing to conceal. Keep
me young enough to laugh with little
children and sympathetic enough to
be considerate ofpld^^age. And when
comes the day of darkened shades
and the smell of powers, the tread
of soft footsteps and the crunching
of wheels in the yard, make the cer
emony short and the epitaph simple:
—Here Lies a Man.—Manufacturers
News.
COUNTRY HOME CONVENIENCES
LETTER SERIES Fp. 36
FARM LIGHTING SET STOR.^GE BATTERIES—IV
A ton of coal and a ton of feathers!
Some difference, isn’t there? The ton
of coal will take up about the same
space as a bale of cotton. You could
charged. 'That is why a battery will be
ruined if you over-discharge it, so it is
very impevtant that you follow the di-
recti-ons for the care of the battery
get it into a good-sized feed-bin. On ; which are alivays sent with every farm
the other hand, the ton 'of feathers lightirg rc i.
tight
Life
At oik
Now ai Cii' a. bcittery h-’--; bf'on in use
fora .few eve2'y time it is dis-
ehargv-Ni .ind then eha
.dll'
would have to be packed pretty
to get it into a good-sized room.
Turning Coal into Feathers
Suppose now you had a ton of coal
in a feed-bin, ^nd some magician should i of the active materialf
come along and gradually turn this ton I out of the pock;-ts : ■ - - - •
of coal into a ton of feathers. It does | battery experts car , :
not take much imagination to see that i time this happens ■ '
the -feathers would spill out all over the | some of its capacity ; r r;
floor, does.it? Scientists would explain I the battery is deter i 'r ' :
this by saying that the density of the | by the number-of timer !i
feathers is much less than the den-j and charged again. If i,!,r
sity of the coal, and therefore -it^takes thick plates this can be drne f.'om (inf:
a larger space to hold a given ^weight! to 800 times before the capacity re-
I of feathers than it does to hold the ! duced to three-quarters of the original,
j same weight of coal. But, you ask, | Therefore, if the load on your plant is
j what has all this got to do with my sto-1 such that you have to charge the. bat-
1 rage battery? It does sound a little ab- | tery twice a week it should last at least
we 11 admit, but let us see. | six years before suffering a serious re
duction in capacity. If the plates are
ing, inquiring minds, keeps one contin
ually studying and learning. i
Because there has never been a time !
The University Library, the depart
ment of Chemistry, the bureau of Home
Comforts and Conveniences, and the
department of botany made exhibits
that added greatly to the success of
the occasion.
Moving pictures, singing by a
in the history of our country when our 1 "^'’'"“8 pwcures, singing oy a quar-
people have turned as eagerly and as ] students, and games by the
hopefully to their teachers as now. i furnished amusement and en-
teach them eco- ! tertainment throughout the day.
They are asking us to
nomic laws, patriotic duties, the mean
surd,
We told you last week that when a
storage battery discharges, the oxide
of lead in the pockets of the positive
plates and the sponge lead in the pock
ets of the negative plates both are
turned into lead sulphate. Now the
thin like those in automobile starting
batteries you would be lucky to get
half this length of service.
The average farm lighting set does
not have to re-charge the batteries as
The spirit of the large crowd was
coop
TARHEELDOM IS RICH
f igures of the Commissioner of In-
irnal Revenue just made public, bear-
ig upon income, profits and miscella
lleous taxes collected during the last
flacal year, are in themselves a tribute
to the wealth, thrift and progressive
hess of the great State of North Caro
,y(a, a tribute which its neighbors of
the South cannot fail to regard with
friendly envy. Of all the Southern States,
North Carolina paid the heaviest tax to
the government last year, more than
Vttginia with it!s cities; more than
Georgia with its rich area, and more
than Maryland with its splendid met
ropolis, with the District of Columbia
thrown in.
In all, Tarheeldom contributed $169,-
206,000 to the Federal Treasury in the
j twelve-month period, or $66,000,000
more than Texas, and nearly $50,000,000
more than Maryland. All this is true,
moreover, notwithstanding the fact that
Gijpolinians boast of no great cities; no
vast manufacturing enterprises and no
far flung export trade. It seems to be
a fact that the whole body of folk be
tween the Virginia and the South Caro
lina borders are getting rich, but they
cannot become richer than they deserve.
;9f course, the thriving tobacco indus
try,of North Carolina is largely respon
sible for the grpat volume of taxes paid
to the govaj-nment. Winston alone, it
IS said, paid more in tobacco taxes than
any other single city in the United
States. Moreover, North Carolinians
have profited heavily from their cotton,
which last year brought them unprece
dented prices. Their yellow pine forests
constitute another great asset, as do
their humming cotton mills, and their
exjianding trucking industry.
..Here’s hoping that the “down-hom
ers” will prosper more this year than
last and more next year than this. They
are an industrious people, resourceful
and farseeing. Also they are among
the shrewdest traders
in the world.
ing of national and international
eration and service.
Because in return for duties adequate
ly performed the profession will soon
receive higher salaries, better working
conditions, and high rank in the pro
fessions that serve mankind.—School
Life.
_ I fine and it couldn’t be otherwise for it
CHAPEL HILL RALLY DAY
Last Friday was just an ideal day
for folks to come to town to enjoy
themselves. The sky was clear, the
air was just crisp enough, and a rain
the day before had laid the dust and
made the roads and streets better for
travel than they had been for weeks
before.
By mid-day the largest crowd that
Rally Day had ever seen had come to town
to enjoy our annual good fellowship
meeting.The exhibits were better than
ever before and the number of articles
ran far above the five hundred mark.
The unanimous verdict was that all the
exhibits were better in quality and
quantity than we have ever had in for
mer years. The best thing about this
increase in quality and quantity of ex
hibits is that in this increase we see a
growing Interest in Rally Day and that
people are willing to show the best of
their crops, gardens, orchards, and
homes just to let the public see how we
are progressing around about Chapel
Hill.
The Chapel Hill Graded School made
a splendid exhibit of the work of the
pupils along every line. Especially ad
mired was th,e large collection of articles
from the Domestic Science and Sewing
departments. The whole exhibit would
have compared favorably with any we
have seen in many a day coming from
the schools of the State.
General Carr’s exhibit from Oconee-
chee was a revelation to the visitors
and great crowds thronged about it all
day long. It included farm products,
poultry, orchard products, geese, tur
keys, pheasants, rabbits and many other
high-grade specimens of the best to be
found on a model farm. Two little
monkeys in their cage were the delight
of the” children from start to finish.
The General would not let his exhibits
enter into competition for the prizes
and yet his generous action in making
the display for the benefit of his old
friends and neighbors drew from them
the bright prize of deep appreciation.
wad a typical North Carolina gathering
of good people from Orange, Chatham,
and Durham.
Each succeeding Rally Day shows
that Chapel Hill is an ideal location for
just such an annual meeting as it was
planned to be, that is, a day of recrea
tion, entertainment, instruction, and
good fellowship—a day when all of us,
men, women, and children, can bring
the best work of our hands and exhibit
the same to let people know how we
are living and prospering in our good
part of the world.—Chapel Hill News.
FEWER FARM TENANTS
density of lead sulphate is less than the j often as twice a week, so there is no
density of either sponge lead or the ox-1 reason why a life from eight to ten
ide of lead. Hence when these two sub-1 years should not be obtained. To do
stances are turned into lead sulphate, | this, however, you must follow the
the latter tends to spill out of the pock-i „
ets in the plates and drop down to the ! ® instrurtions exactly. Don t ex
bottom of the glass jar. I periment. Don’t neglect. Regular
You see the process is quite the same ' weekly attention with an overcharge
as when the magician turns the coal in- j once a month will keep the battery in
to feathers, only in the case of the sto-; good shape. The overcharge is neces-
rage battery we never allow the magi-; sary to make sure l^hat all of the lead
cian, which is the electric current, to j sulphate is changed back to the lead
turn but a small part of the sponge ; oxide and sponge lead but it should not
lead and lead oxide into the lead sul-1 be continued too long because you will
phate. If we did, we should never be , notice that during the overcharge the
able to turn the lead sulphate back a-! cells give off great quantities of gas
gain into the original materials, and i bubbles and this violent gassing tends
you will remember that that is what | to increase the shedding of the active
happens when the battery is being material.—P. H. D.
REVALUATION AND THE YEAR BEFORE
PERCENT INCREASE OF PER CAPITA TAXABLES-1919 AND 1920
Based on (1) the Report of the State Tax Commission, and on (2) the 1920 Cen
sus of Population
L. deR. MacMILLAN, WILMINGTON, N. C.
Department of Rural Social Science
University of North Carolina
Average increase for the State 183 percent
Rank Counties
Wisconsin has cause to be proud.
Farm tenancy is noton the increase. A
recent compilation shows 87.7 per cent
of the Badger state farms in the hands
of owners—an increase of six per cent
in ten years.
Since the tenant question is such an
embarrassment elsewhere and since
many states count half thejr farm pop
ulation as nomads, it is interesting to
inquire regarding Wisconsin’s position
and what brought it about. '
One thing which helped was the state’s
immigration policy. Wisconsin has both
good and bad cut-over lands. It is set
tling the good lands and warning home-
seekers against the worthless kind. The
immigration division of the state gave
honest, frank advice to 13,961 home-
seekers last year; it censored land ad
vertisements at the request of news
papers; kept watch over unscrupulous
land dealers; wrote pamphlets for the
railroad administration; prepared truth
ful articles for newspapers; actually
put 1,583 families on new lands and
kept in close touch with them. No
doubt such a policy helped beyond the
mere numbers which the immigration
division could actually tabulate.
A lot of credit must, no doubt, be
given to Wisconsin’s large foreign pop
ulation, consisting of peoples from lands
where thrift is general but land owner
ship is not. Thus they got what they
came after—homes.
Finally, we suspect, the large share
of credit for the high degree of farm
ownership must go to the dairy cow.
Much of the land of Wisconsin was not
outstandingly good, but the dairy cow,
with her sideline job of fertilizer pro
ducer, made it so.—The Country Gen
tleman.
9
10
11
11
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
19
21
22
22
24
25
26
27
28
28
30
30
32
32
32
35
36
36'
38
39
40
41
42
43
43
45
46
47
48
49
50
Mitchell ....
Rockingham
Scotland ...
Stanly
Lenoir ... . ,
Yancey
Graham
Wilson
Forsyth
Rutherford .
Ashe
Alleghany ...
Gaston
Pitt
Catawba ....
Polk
Greene
Beaufort ....
Cabarrus ... .
Wayne
Davidson ....
McDowell... .
Robeson
Guilford
Craven
Hoke
Mecklenburg.
Sampson ....
Dare
Durham
Watauga ....
Yadkin
Pamlico
Cleveland ....
Caswell
Jones
Duplin
Richmond....
Person
Caldwell
Carteret
Haywood
Nash
Johnston
Pasquotank ..
Edgecombe ..
Rowan
Anson
Alamance.. .
Montgomery..
Perct. Inc.
Rank Counties
Perct. Inc.
342
50
Harnett
IfiS
327
52
Burke
163
308
63
Vance
297
54
Iredell
160
296
55
Davie
155
281
56
Union
272
66
Alexander
154
267
58
Randolph
151
260
69
Washington
150
256
60
Currituck
149
262
61
Buncombe
148
252
62
Chowan
147
250
63
Jackson
146
249
64
Bertie
145
248
64
Camden
145
244
64
Stokes
242
67
Tyrrell
142
241
67
Lincoln
■ 142
234
67
Moore
142
234
70
Franklin
141
229
71
New Hanover ....
140
225
72
Wake.... 1
'ISO
226
73
Avery
IQS
219
73
Wilkes
217
75
Bladeji
137
213
76
Halifax
135
212
77
Warren
132
210
78
Clay
_ ISl
210
78
Martin
205
80
Cumberland
130
206
81
Lee
19Q
200
81
Surry
129
200
83
Columbus
128
200
84
Pender
........ 126
198
85
Hertford
125
195
86
Orange
199
195
86
Transylvania ....
122
194
88
Chatham
119
193
88
Hyde
HQ
187
90
Henderson
117
186
91
Perquimans
ne;
183
92
Granville
117
182
93
Swain
mo
182
94
Brunswick
1 ns'
176
95
Onslow
107
176
96
Gates
172
97
Madison
loa
171
98
Macon
inq
170
99
Northampton ....
89
168
100
Cherokee
47
'ig.
■t.J