Non-Profit Oi^anization
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Laorinbur^, N. C.
Permit Number S
THE LANCE
Official Publication of the Student Body of St. Andrews Presbyterian College
VOL. 8. No. 15
ST. ANDREWS PRESBYTERIAN COLLEGE, LAURINBURG. N. C.
THURSDAY, FEB. 27, 1969
Issue Must Pass Two Votes
Revamping of Senate Planned
Plans for the revitalization
of the Senate were Introduced
In their last meeting on Mon
day night. It was proposed that
the new Senate consist of the
student body’s vice-president,
the eight dorm presidents, and
an elected representative of the
day students.
The following alterations for
the present constitution com
prise the proposed changes in
senatorial policy and operation:
ARTICLE III
EXECUTIVE BRANCH
Section 2. Qualifications of
Executive Officers
(a) “The President must be
a member of the incoming
Senior Class and must have
held an ■elected position within
the Student Association. The
Vice-President mustbe a mem
ber of the incoming Junior or
Senior Class and must have
held an elected position in the
Student Association. The Sec
retary and Treasurer must be
members of the incoming Junior
or Sophomore Class. Each
executive officer must maintain
an overall scholastic average of
2.0.
(b) "For all elected posi
tions within the Student As
sociation, one must possess a
2.0 overall average to hold that
office”.
Structures ‘‘Powerless and Worthless^^
BY TERRY JAYWORK
SENATOR FROM ORANGE
After more than a year of
working within the established
structures for campus reforms,
I have come to the conclusion
that the St. Andrews Student
Senate, as It now exists, is
both powerless and worthless.
Only three bills have been
passed by the Senate since the
school year began in 1968, and
of the three, two were con
cerned with minor changes
within the Senate’s own by
laws.
The essential problem with
the Senate is that it has ab
solutely no power base. All leg
islation that comes from it must
meet Dean Decker’s hearty ap
proval or face ultimate failure.
Under Article IV of the Student
Association Constitution, the
Senate “considers and Initiates
all legislation . . . and then re
fers the recommendation di
rectly to the Dean of Students
for attention by the Student Life
Committee, if he thinks it de
sirable, and by the President of
the College ...” Note the ver
bal sophistry: what is “legis
lation” in reference to the Sen
ate becomes a “recommenda
tion” to the Dean in the same
sentence.
Can the Constitution be a-
mended to exclude the
arbitrariness of one man in the
Dean of Students chair? Notun-
less the Dean of Students wants
to allow it. Under Article XIII
of the Constitution, it is stated
that “the Senate may initiate an
amendment,” that If it Is passed
by two-thirds of the Senate and
three-fourths of the Student As
sociation, it is “subject to re
view by the Dean of Students”.
And in the introductory pages
to the 1968-69 edition of the
St. Andrews Student Handbook,
In the caption beside Dean Dec
ker’s picture, it is stated that
“the Associate Dean of the Col
lege for Student Affairs is the
final authority for all non-
academic matters which relate
to students.” “Final authority!’
Is another way of saying “only
authority”.
What is the St. Andrews Stu
dent Senate as of this moment?
It is a puppet government, di
rectly and indirectly controlled
by the college administration.
It exists for two reasons: one,
to allow the Development Office
to say in our handbooks and
catalogs that the student body
can exercise responsible self-
government, and two, to channel
student frustrations into mean
ingless and “safe” outlets. St.
Andrews is not a Berekley or a
Duke merely because of Its size
but because most students are
under the impression that they
do have a voice In what happens
to them through their student
government; most students, in
cluding some of the senators
themselves, are under the im
pression that reforms have not
been achieved because of the
short-comings of student lea
ders. This Is a false im
pression. Students have ab
solutely no say in campus policy
unless they gain a sympathetic
ear somewhere in the adminis
tration. They are powerless to
act responsibly and exercise
any real semblance of self-
government.
What has the Senate been
attempting in the recent past?
The drinking bill was dismissed
to the Never-Never Land of
high-level Board of Trustees
committees. The unlimited
hours bill (for senior women and
women over twenty-one) was
passed by the Senate and ap
proved by the Student Affairs
office last year (and only then
after a threatened sleep-out by
S.A.’s women residents). But
the plan was put into effect only
one month ago at the discretion
of the Dean of Students. The
Senate Food Committee has
struggled long and hard to im
prove the quality of food served
in the cafeteria. Although resi
dent students are forced to pay
upwards of $242 per semester
board, regardless of whether or
not they eat a single meal, Mr.
Silas Vaughn (the college busi
ness manager) and Mr. John
Hulka (the cafeteria food di
rector) have turned deaf ears to
Senate pleas for Improvement.
The voice of the St. Andrews
student In campus policies
which directly concern him Is
not effective or responsible.
The mockery of self-
government that the college ad
ministration has perpetrated
upon him has made his voice
a cajoling whimper, seeking an
administrative ear to hear it.
It is time for action. Under
the urging of the Student As
sociation President, Mr. David
Betts, two committees have
been established to study the
Senate; one under the auspices
of the Student Association
Cabinet and one within the Sen
ate itself. Either the Senate
must be recognized for what it
is and abolished (so that the
administrations iron hands will
at least be stripped of their
kid gloves) or the Senate must
break free and establish a power
base of its own. What in the
world is the purpose of having
a Senate that cannot accomplish
anything that was not favored
by the administration in the first
place? So a handful of students
can get their picture in the year
book and the words “student
leader” on their transcript?
(Continuea on page 2)
IS THIS FAMILIAR? It should be, this is a common sight in many
of this county’s cities. This little girl exists in Laurlnburg.
Newsweek Probes Students’ Voice
By Margaret Offterdlnger
Should college students have
a voice In the hiring and firing
of faculty members? Exactly
how much service do teacher-
course evaluations perform?
These questions have been
considered by college students
as early as 1924. In the Novem
ber 24 Issueof"Newsweek”, an
article titled “Tough Graders:
When Students Rate Faculty”
deals with the recent emer
gence of student demands con
cerning faculty. Harvard Uni
versity was the first college
to publish an evaluation book
let In 1924. In 1965 there were
only ahout 50 such booklets.
Today there are hundreds of
booklets evaluating faculties
and courses all over the coun
try.
Such teacher-course evalua
tions have been talked about at
St. Andrews for at least three
years. This year the Academic
Welfare Committee of the Sen
ate Is continuing this research
but no definite program has
been established.
In the “Newsweek” article
the “pros” for teacher-course
evaluations are listed as well
as what Impact such programs
can have on a college or uni
versity. These frank booklets
not only give the student an
idea about a course, but also
affect the professors. At UCLA
the 362-page “Professor
Evaluation Survey” is used
when the academic committee
recommends faculty hiring,
firing, and promotion.
However, a Princeton his
torian, Martin Duberman,
states that his colleagues con
sider the evaluation critiques
“a joke--the course evaluation
is just an elaborate gimmick to
give the students the illusion
they have power”.
Concerning tenure, most fac
ulty members feel that the stu
dents should merely be consul
tants, according to “News
week”. The faculty feels that
students can only judge class
room competence and not com
petence in scholarship and re
search.
Some students have gone be
yond faculty evaluations and
Section 4. Student Cabinet.
(b) “The Student Cabinet is
composed of the President,
Vice-President, Secretary and
Treasurer of the Student As
sociation; the Presidents of the
Student Center Board and the
Student Christian Council; the
Chairman of the Senate; and
the Attorney General; Advisory
representation is appointed ty
the Dean of Students.
(d) “The Student Cabinet con
siders problems common to all
residence halls; makes recom
mendations to the Senate and/or
the Office of Student Affairs
regarding desired changes in
dormitory regulations and op
erational procedures; codified
and published regulations as
approved”.
ARTICLE IV
LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
Section 1. Senate
(b) “The Senate consists of
the Vice-President of the Stu
dent Association, and the presi
dents of the dormitory councils;
and a day student representa
tive. Each senator must main
tain an overall average of 2.0.
Advisory representation, at
least one being a member of
the Faculty Executive Com
mittee and one being a repre
sentative of the Dean of Stu
dents, is selected in keeplnf
with procedures provided In the
faculty By-Laws.
(e) “The Senate shall elect
a Chairman from within its
membership. The Chairman of
the Senate shall assume the
duties of the President of the
Senate in his absence or at Ms
request; and serves a mem
ber of the Student Cabinet."
ARTICLE V
JUDICIAL BRANCH
Section 6.
(a) 1. “The Men’s Residence
Court shall consist of two
elected representatives froiri
(Contln’ied tr'
Black Cats Working Here;
Desperation Spurs Action
BY CHARLES PRATT
Two members of the Black
Cats (Community Action Team)
were on campus this week
speaking In classes, to small
Informal groups, and providing
consultation to Black groups in
Scotland County. Mickey Leland
and Sammy Johnson, students at
Texas Southern University—
Mickey majoring in pharmacy,
Sammy in sociology—were here
for two purposes, to help the
Black community organize it
self, and to aid whites who are
trying to change the attitudes of
the white community. But what
was their real motive for
coming?
They are desperate. What
they see, what they feel, what
they foresee, scare them. They
see white racism as the pri
mary problem, and they see
the bitterness and the hatred
by Blacks which they cannot
and will not suppress. Be
neath their militancy, both have
a genuine concern for the pre
servation of American society.
Both believe in Democracy, al
though they admit the term Is
still an abstraction to them, and
to most Blacks. But they don’t
see these as inflexible goals.
If our society doesn’t Incor
porate Blacks in a meaningful
and dignified way, then they
must either change or elimi
nate that society. They are
desperate. They are searching
for an Identity and a dignity
which is Independent of white
value systems. They desire a
Black sub-culture where Blacks
control their own destinies, self
sufficient from whites. “Black
is personal to us”. Both believe
that this is their base.
The purpose for forming this
Black sub-culture would be to
organize Black people In pre
paration to meet whites on an
equal basis. This would seem
ingly require a total reorgani
zation of Black life. Involving
perhaps a lessening of Black
hatred towards whites, as well
as providing and education that
would enable Blacks to survive
in a competitive society.
Although the sub-culture
would be Black orinted, it would
not necessarily be anti-White.
Black leaders need people,
Black and white, who are will
ing to die for tlie cause of Black
freedom. They see their move
ment not as a Black movement,
but as a “people movement”
where confrontation Is the most
effective tactic In relations.
Both Mickey Leland and
Sammy Johnson see the cul
mination of Black and White
relations In revolution, either
peaceful or violent. Both see
that revolution will end in de
struction, either physical or
not. What we do determines the
outcome of each. The structures
for participating in this people
movement are there.
Yes, they are desperate, but
hopeful. They have no other
choice. We too better become
desperate.
Bright Scheduled
MICKEY LELAND addresses the senior C&C classes concerning
his views on Black Militancy. He and one other militant spent
five days on campus discussing Issues with students.
“Do Not Bend, Fold, or Muti
late” will be the topic Tuesday
night when Dr. Louis Bright
presents his public lecture as
the sixth In the 1968-69 Visit
ing Scientist series. Now In
terdisciplinary Professor at
Baylor University, Dr. Bright
will speak at 8 p.m. in the LA.
Next week’s visit will be the
second to this campus for Dr.
Bright. He was here in Novem
ber as a consultant on a pro
posed interdisciplinary cur
riculum in the social and be
havioral sciences.
Hungen Despair Felt Two Miles from Campus
‘My People Deserve More.,.Meat On Our Tables^
are now hiring their own faculty
members. The Student Govern
ment at Stanford has hired Joan
Robinson, a 66-year-old
Marxian economist from Bri
tain to teach during spring
quarter.
Senate Considers
Policy Change
The St. Andrews Student Sen
ate is presently considering a
bill which would give the Inter-
Dormitory Council complete
authority in regulating open
dorm policy. The bill, which
originated in the Social Wel
fare Comnnlttee, was formu
lated on the premise that each
dormitory council is “in direct
and immediate contact with the
needs and desires of the resi
dents of its own particular
dorm,” and therefore in the
best position to establish that
dorm’s open dorm regulations.
The I.D.C. has tacitly agreed
to allow each dorm council to
set its own policies once thebill
has been passed.
BY CLINE HODSON 1
What actually is hunger? Have
you ever felt a sharp gnawing
and biting pain in the pit of your
stomach? Have you ever fellj
your intestines drawing up in->
side and your muscles growinf,
so weak from lack of nourish
ment that it actually hurts yo« ■
to take a step? But most of all,
have you ever known the feel
ing of hunger and realized that
you couldn’t do anything about
It? People not two statute miles
from our campus have felt this
despair, and every day it grows
worse. People are starving
beneath our noses right here In
Scotland County.
Most St. Andrews students
have missed a meal now and
then, and have felt something
akin to an uncomfortable feel
ing which is commonly called
hunger, but it is easily forgotten
for something better to think
about. We merely reach into our
purses or wallets and run over
to the snack bar and partake of
a burger and a coke. Soon our
thoughts of hunger are gone and
we relax in our mini-society and
we rest assured that the whole
world feels the way we do at
this moment, and things are
fine. But are things really that
fine? We take it for granted
that our next meal is there ready
and waiting for us, hot and on
time. And should that meal be
interrupted, we go over to the
snack bar or pick up a phone
and dial Ye Olde Worlde.
The people in the hard-core
poverty districts surrounding
our campus can’t even be as
sured of a next meal, let alone
a hot one, and when they feel
the pangs of hunger, they can’t
pick up the phone and call Ye
Olde Worlde. This is their des
pair; the mostbasic of all human
wants, the need for food, is
denied them.
Recently before a Senate in
vestigating Committee, Senator
Holllngs from South Carolina
testified to the fact that areas
in South Carolina are hope
lessly poor and that the Inhabi-
tants of those regions are ac
tually starving to death. He went
on with such staggering and
sickening statistics that in these
regions, the infant mortality
rate is greater than that in India
or China. He stated further that
a high percentage of the children
in these areas had intestinal
worms and severe cases of
malnutrition resulting from
poor shelter and no food. Still
further he added that South
Carolina should be “ashamed
of itself” for allowing such
horrible conditions to exist
within the state and that he was
In favor, on the federal level,
of declaring these regions in
South Carolina a national
disaster area In hopes of
federal aid. Holllngs’ request
for this federal action is still
pending, because In order for
such a measure to be completed
the initiative has to be taken
by the local officials. The local
officials have taken no such
action as yet. Holllngs put his
political career on the line by
taking this stand. When ques
tioned about his stand on this
issue he remarked that “some
body had to do something about
it and soon”. He saw no alter
native but to bring this to some
body’s attention. “This is A-
merica, the land of the
affluent”, he remarked to some
of his supporters, “How can we
allow such terrible statistics to
exist like babies dying of star
vation at a rate greater than in
India, right here In South Caro
lina?”
Poverty does not respect
boundaries and we, here in
Scotland County, are no excep
tion. Just seven miles from
South Carolina we share many
of the same deep scars inflicted
by poverty. Only two miles from
our campus, just off the main
highway which so many of us
travel headed south, there are
the scenes of poverty which tell
the story of hungry children and
the ravages of poverty. Shacks,
put together from scrap lumber
with cracks between the boards
so wide you can put your first
through. Doors that hang on one
hinge, and no windows to keep
the flies or the cold out. Child
ren with enlarged bellies and
gaunt faces, sometimes too
weak from hunger to even cry.
One room shacks with only a
coal stove or an open fireplace
to keep warm by in the cold
winter months. Hard to believe,
but nevertheless not far from
out doorstep.
What has North Carolina and
Scotland County done about this
terrible condition? Scotland
County is now part of a tri-
county system for the eradica
tion of poverty and the pro
motion of welfare. This pro
gram is specifically designed
to help the some 60% of these
counties’ populations who are
In need of assistance. Food,
clothing and other needs have
been given out from welfare
stations in order to help those
who are in desperate need. But
has this been sufficient? How
effective has this been in the
many poverty pockets through
out the area?
O. L. Moore, coordinator of
the trl-county programs and an
inhabitant of Laurlnburg, ad
mitted that there is a definite
(Continued on page 2)
THIS SCENE could be shot in any city of the United States today.
But it was taken in Washington Park, only two miles from the
St. Andrews campus. The run down shacks, unkept streets, and
other signs ofneglectareallsignsofthe “poor man’s” America.