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The News Argus Jan. 28, 2008 Honoring an icon Celebrating the legacy of civil rights leader, Martin Luther King Jr. Bv Stacky Hoi.lenbkck MLCiiitchyTrthu/ie T| he Rev. Dr. Martin I.uther King Jr. made his mark on history during the Livii rights movement in the 1950s and I96()s. Motivated by his taith. King toughi against the oppression of his fellow African Americans by protesting segregation. His efforts to combat the mjustices were met with hostility and hatred, and eventually led to his early death. But King's drive to achieve har mony among the races led to the desegregation of the country and set America on the path toward racial equality. HISTORY OF THE DAY [n 1986, nearly 18 years after his assassina tion. Americans celebrated the first Martm Luther King Day, a holiday established to pay homage to the preacher and inspirational leader. By this time. 17 states already had established holidays to honor .Martin Luther King Jr. Coretta Scott King, his widow, worked hard to make the national h(.)liday a reality. In 2(K)3, the theme of Martin Luther King Day became, 'Remember! Celebrate! Act! A day on. not a day off.” Although some profes sionals and students see the third Monday in January as a day off from work or school, oth ers see it as an opportunity to volunteer their time. By working to improve their communities and help those in need, these Americans are acting on behalf of King's generous spirit. A STREET NAMED KING KARL MOKUON/CONIBA COSTA TIMES Martin Luther King Jr.’s portrait hangs over an Oakland, Calif., roadway renamed in his honor. AtTWrding to Derek H, Alderman, author of the Ssay ’ Naming Streets for Martin Luther King, Jr.: No Easy Road" published in "Landscape and Race in the United States" (Routledge, .S34.95). there were more that 730 streets in U.S. cities and tow ns named after Marlin Luther King Jr. as of 2003. Most of these exist in the southeast United States. Georgia, where King was born, leads the states in streets named after him with 105. Stales without a street named after King include Montana, Noith Dakota, South Dakota. Nebraska, Maine, New Hampshire-arid Vermont. FAMOUS QUOTES Through his eloquent speeches, sermons and writings. Martin Luther King Jr. inspired a nation, ilerc are a few of his most memorable and moving quotations: ^ ^ Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice H H eveiywhere." 'Letter from Birmniffluim Jail,” April 16. 1963 ^ ^ I have a dream tliat one day this nation IB will rise up and live out the true mean ing of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."’ — Kiiiii'x "I Have ii Iheam" speech, Aug. 28, J‘J63 ^ ^ I believe that unarmed truth and uncon- I I ditional love will have the final word in reality. This is why right, temporarily defeated, is stronger than evil triuinphani.” —- Kin^s Nohel Prize acceptance ,'!peech. Dec: 10, 1964 ^ Like anybxiy. 1 would like to live a ■ H long life — longevity has its place. But I'm not concerned about that now. I just want to do CJod's will. And he's allowed me lo go up to the mountain. And I've looked over, and 1 ve seen the Promised f.and. I may not gel there with you. But I want you lo know tonight, lhal we. as a people, will get to the Promised Land " — Kin^ ’.V “I've Been to The Mountahxtop" speech, April 3, 1968 REMEMBER! CELEBRATE! ACT! To truly celebrate Martin Luther King Day and honor its ’“Day of Service ' theme, .Americans can work to improve the lives of those in need or help out in their communities. Here are some ways to celebrate ihe day through community service: ■ Bring meals to homebound neighbors ■ Shovel elderly neighliors' walkways ■ Serve meals at a homeless shelter To find a specific volunteer opportunity near you, go to www.mlkday.gov and click "Search for MLK Day Project.' '— SOURCES THE KING CENTEH, OOCUMENTS FROM THE KINfi RESEARCH o HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW ABOUT DR. KING? How well do you know Martin Luther King Jr.? Test your knowl edge about the civil rights leader whose legacy is celebrated every year. 1. How many children did King have? A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 2. How old was King when he was assassinated? B. Southern Christian Lcadervhip C?onferenee C. Congre,ss of Racial Equality D. National Association for the Advancement of (.'olored People 5. Which president signed the hill establishing Ihe third Monday of every January as the Martin Luther King Jr. national holiday? A. Ronald Reagan B. I.yndon B. Johnson C. John F. Kennedy D. George H.W. Bush ANSWERS: l-C: 2-B: 3-D; 4-B; 5-A. A. B. C. D. 35 39 42 50 3. King gave his famous. “I Have a Dream" speech Aug. 28. 1963, in from of what landmark in Washington. D.C.? A. The Washington Monument B. The White House C. The Jefferson Memorial D. The Lincoln Memorial 4. King was named president of what inlluential civil rights group in 1957? A. Student Nonviolent Coordinatinc Committee M ZJ V TONY SHINA.'UtTROlT PHEe f'KtSS On June 23,1963, civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. led more than 125,000 people on the "Walk to Freedom" down Woodward Avenue in Detroit. BOOKS ABOUTTHE CIVIL RIGHTS ICON Below are some resources for kids and teens who want to learn more about Dr. Marlin Luther King Jr. and his legacy. Good Reads for Kids: ■ "A Picture Book of Martin Luther King, Jr.” by David A. Adler and illustrated by Robert Casilla (Holiday House, $6.95) ■ “Happy Birthday, Martin Luther King Jr." by Jean Marzollo (Scholastic Paperbacks, S5.99) ■ "My Brother Martin: A Sister Remembers Grovking Up with the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr." by Christine King Farris (Simon & Schuster Children’s Publishing, $17.95) ■ ■•Martin’s Bie Words: The _ _ QaaaSBiBOB Martin PI '^Qilrrnn “My Brother Martin: A Sister Remembers Growing Up with the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.” Life of Dr. Martin Luther King. Jr.'’ by Doreen Rappaport (Jump At The Sun. $6.99) Good Reads for Teens: ■ "The Autobiography of Martin Luther King. Jr." by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and edited by Claybome Carson (Grand Central Publishing. SI5.95) ■ "A Knock al Midnight: Inspiration from the Great Sermons of Reverend Manin Luther King. Jr." by f>r. Martin Luther King Jr. and edited by Peter Holloran and Clayborne Carson (Grand Central Publishing, S20) ■ A Call to Conscience: The 1-andmark Speeches of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'’ edited by Clayborne Carson and Kris Shepard (Cirand Central Publishing. SI 4.9.5) AND EDUCATION INSTITUTE AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY: WWW MLKDAY.GOV. A LIFE REMEMBERED Martin Luther King Jr. devoted his life and career to protesting injustice. The following limeiine identi fies the times and places in King’s short life where he significantly influenced the civil rights movement and the future of .America. ■ Jan. 15,1929: Martin Luther King Jr. was bom to the Rev. and Mrs. Martin Luther King Sr. in Atlanta, Ga. ■ 1947; King became licensed to preach. ■ June 18,1953: King married Coretta Scott in Marion. Ala. Coretta Scott King continued her husband's legacy as a civil rights activist until her death on Jan. 30, 2006. NJKKt KAHN'MCT Coretta Scott King, pictured here in 2003. ■ June 5,1955: King received a Ph.D. in Sy'stematic Theology from Boston University. ■ Feb. 21,1956: King and other demonstrators were arrested for participat ing in the Montgomery Bus Boycott. In December of that sarne year, the federal government ordered Montgomery buses to inte grate. ■ Feb. 18,1957: Manin I.uther King Jr appeared on the cover of Time magazine. ■ February 1959: King and his wife spent a month in India studying Mahatma Gandhi's tech nique of nonviolence. King was an avid fan of nonvio lence. a strategy where demonstrators, instead of using violence, protest peacefully. ■ Oct. 19, 1960: King was anested for trespassing while taking part in a sit-in demonstration at a lunch counter in Atlanta, Ga. Sit- ins were nonviolent anti- segregation protests where black demonstrators refused to leave restaurants and public places that were des ignated as white-only. ■ Dec. 16, 1961: While protesting segrega tion in Albany, Ga., King was iirrested. ■ July 27,1962: King was again arrested in Albany, Ga., after taking part in a prayer vigil. He was charged with failure to obey a police officer, obstracting the sidewalk ■and disorderly conduct. ■ April 16,1963: After being arrested in Birmingham, Ala., for par ticipating in a sit-in. King wrote “Letter From Bimiingham Jail." The let ter is now one of King’s most fatuous staleinents about injustice, ■ Aug. 28,1963: King delivered his “I Have A Dream” speech in front of the thousands who gath ered for The March on Washington. Afterward, he and other Civil Rights lead ers met with President John F. Kennedy in the While House. ■ Dec. 10,1964: King received the Nobel Peace Prize. ■ Aug. 5,1966: King was stoned in Chicago as he led a n^iarch through crowds of angry whites. ■ April 4,1968: King was shot while on the bal cony of his second-floor motel room in Memphis, Tenn. He later died from a gunshot wound to the neck. A day earlier. King gave his final speech, ‘"rve Been lo the Mountain Top." ■ March 9,1969: Janies Earl Ray plead guilty to killing King and was sentenced to 99 years in the I'cnnessee State Penitentiary. ■ Jan. 20,1986: The first national King holiday was observed. iil'iir ''i iifi ifi^ MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. MCCLATCHY-TRIBUNE 1
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