Wednesday, May 18, 1966 THE CAMPUS ECHO Page Three Complex Pattern Of Daily Life Development Of Habits Is Finest Test Of A College llshers In A New Type Of College Editor’s Note—Dr. William H. Brown received his Ph.D. from Ohio State University. He is cur rently serving as a member of the Interim Committee. This is a time of question for both America’s old citizens and young citizens. Sharp changes in public policy, in the economic life of the nation, and in the na tional goals of our society gen erally have literally forced col leges to become something quite different from what they were in the past. While the transition is not yet complete, one can be reasonably certain that the pur pose and pattern of the emerg ing college will be excitingly new. Transitions of all sorts can be confusing to many and utter ly frustrating to some, therefore, a look at what colleges are be coming is in order. Once a place where a relative ly small number of students With some affluence went in search of knowledge and a social gateway of opportunity through- status, the college is becom ing a gateway of opportunity through which a multitude of rich and poor students pass in search both for knowledge and of ways of using knowledge. This new combination of know ing and using is packed with power for immediate and fu ture use. In this sense, college is becoming a place where peo ple can, with serious applica tion, gain the power to defend themselves against exploitations, to free themselves and others from drudgery and economic in security, to achieve in a com petitive society, to win, manage, or control the minds of men, to attract a mate, and to accom plish a wide variety of purposes. One must choose wisely his pur poses for going to college, if he is to avoid disappointment and frustration. College is becoming a place where success is determined by what one is able to do as well or better than the other fellow in a competitive society. Col leges are becoming more de manding, more impersonal, and more rigorous in response to society’s demand for a more complacent graduate. The col lege teacher appreciates an un^ polished apple as a gesture of friendship, yet he tends to re gard only those students bring ing well-conceived ideas and evidences of serious study. He knows that the student who ex pects little of himself, who puts forth little effort, who is indif ferent, and who is absorbed in trivial matters is doomed to fail at the bar of competence. Those whose expectations are high and whose work is systematic and steady can emerge into a world where rewards are high est- for persons of competence and maturity. To some, college seems merciless and severe; but those who have looked search- ingly at the pattern of the new society know that colleges must simply be brutally realistic. The day of preferential treatment, based on excuses for lack of achievement because of race, poor background, or late bloom ing will soon be lost in the dim past. In many ways, the current college population is better pre pared than that of past genera tion. They can play for, and win, higher stakes in political, social, economic, and education al arenas. Perhaps no one can ignore the value of the gift of the present generation to future generations — made through courageous social action move ments. The accomplishments of youth is a tribute to the grow ing and untiring efforts of par ents and schools to produce a generation of articulate, stimu lated, and enterprising students. Actually, fewer and fewer stu dents are continuing to pay dear ly for an education only to walk out and leave their purchase on the counter. Colleges promise to be a place of great excitement, social pioneering, and opportun ity, as they, and their students, face the grim but challenging realities of a new multi-colored society. WHAT IS A C O L- LEGE? Each person must decide what it shall be for himself. College Means (Continued from Page 1) After graduation, the persist ence of college-inspired moti vations and orientations both depend upon the individual and the situation interacting one with the other. Simple exhortations to maxi mize the possibilities of the four college years are insuffic ient. Between the natural tend ency toward rebellion charac teristic of the young and the so cial and cultural anemia of most Negro student, the college faculty has the most difficult job and the great responsibility for stimulating awareness of the true possibilities of these critical years. Members of a good faculty have at least glimpsed a portion of the wider world. It is their responsibility to be extraordinarily solicitous of their new sojourners. Students likewise have a re sponsibility; they must learn, with the help of their teachers, to listen, to inquire, to truly search for what a good college may have to offer. After all, education at a college is for the students, the teachers being essentially guides and mentors. If a student does nothing at col lege, college can do nothing for him. A good college fully activates the implied reciprocity between the teachers and the taught, hopefully to the mutual satis faction of both. The word col lege embraces both faculty and students; hence all are par ticipants in a common enter prise—that of learning. The students, however, have the greater stake in the outcome of the endeavor, for theirs are the lives which are being molded. Editor’s Note — Dr. Joseph Pittman, a member of the facul ty since 1947, is the Dean of the Undergraduate School. Dr. Pitt man has done post-doctoral work at Rutgers University and Iowa State University. I think a good college is a place where one goes not so much for acquiring knowledge as for the development of habits. A college is not a disp>ensary of knowledge to be compared with stores for the sale of intoxicating liquors, i. e., a place where the customer enters and obtains the brand and amount of knowledge to suit his taste. Moreover, good colleges are not engaged in a process of storing knowledge in the minds of learners in a manner similar to the program mer storing knowledge in the memory chamber of a computer. It is true that the behavior of many students gives us as teach ers the impression that they regard the educational process as including 1) the acquisition of tid-bits of knowledge, 2) the (Continued from Page 1) inherited from one generation to the next, but they are a part of the heritage of the everlast- regurgitation of that knowledge on cue, and 3) nothing more. But even these students, let us hope, develop without conscious effort on their part some of the habits characteristic of educat ed men and women. Perhaps the most important habit which a good college aids the learner in developing is the “habit of attention.” Only through practice and experience in diverse situations can one learn to clear his mind at a moment’s notice of distracting influences; to devote his intel lectual powers almost complete ly to the elements of a discus sion, a problem or a musical presenation; to close the door, so to speak, to the numerous matters militating for a central place in his thoughts; or to ri vet his attention to a single problem for a period of time necessary for significant pro gress, however long that pe riod may be. A good college is a place where the development of the “habit of attention” on ing history that was once lived! and finally recorded by the people of the agency of demo cracy that is dedicated to the task of training the highest faculties of the intellect of man kind. This is a college. I wish some one would give a course in how to live. It can’t be taught in the colleges: that’s perfectly obvious, for college professors don’t know any better than the rest of us. —A. Edward Newton the part of students is unavoid able. Those who develop this habit to a satisfactory degree survive; those who do not are expelled for poor scholarship. I submit that one would have considerable difficulty defend ing a hierarchy of habits char acteristic of educated men and women. However, with the te merity of a successful college teacher who accepted a dean- ship in these perilous times, I place second in importance the “habit of making effective use of language.” In my opinion, ef fective use of language and rea soning ability are inextricably connected. The statement that a good college facilitates the de velopment of ability to reason on the part of students subsumes the “habit of making effective use of language.” To further indicate my will ingness to live dangerously, I place third in importance the “habit of submitting to refuta tion.” It is always a pleasure for me to observe a person very quickly assume a new intellec tual position, grasp another per son’s thoughts, indicate assent or dissent with soundly con ceived reservations. An educated person depends upon the reason ableness of his ideas to gain ac ceptance for them. These are ex amples of intellectual behavior which characterizes the person who has developed the “habit of submitting to refutation.” The environment of a good college encourages and nurtures the de- veloment of this habit. In a very broad sense, life in the community designated as a college should not differ markedly from life in the larg er community. A college is a structured environment i n which optimum permissiveness is not only allowed but encour aged. The faculty, staff and ad ministrators of a good college realize that all students have problems and are sensitive to the signals given by normal stu dents that their problems are temporarily overwhelming them. But a good college does not at tempt to stand “in loco paren tis.” Instead, it assists each stu dent in developing the “habit of working out his own problems.” I think the “habit of working out his own problems” is very important because I believe that man is a rational being and, if given the opportunity, will or ganize his life in his own best interest and in the best inter est of other men. If space permitted, I would discuss other important habits including “the habit of sub mitting to censure,” “the habit of following a work-study sched ule,” and “the habit of work ing out what is possible in a given time.” It seems to me, however, that I have made the point I wish to make in this essay. I repeat that a good col lege is a place where one goes not so much for knowledge as for habits. Conceivably, a stu dent may obtain a degree with out developing these habits to any appreciable extent. But without developing these habits to a marked exent, a student could never become the kind of individual envisioned by those who wrote the motto: Truth and Service. Every college has its gathering place. For NCC it is the much celebrated "rail.” '1 really ‘dig’ Professor Higgins. College An Agency