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pages March 5, 1982 Feeling no pain Omega Psi Phi member Duane Howell gives a pint of blood during a Feb. 23 blood drive sponsored by his fraternity. Over 100 pints of blood were donated. (Staff photo by Winfred Cross) Echo Interview Former S. African resident relates horrors of apartheid Hod from UPI Staff Reports state students wait in line to use computers RALEIGH — Some North Carolina State University students are standing in line all night to use computer terminals and officials say the situation is not expected to improve soon. The university has 7,000 students enrolled in computer science courses and only 70 terminals available. That’s 700 students for each terminal. School officials said Wednesday their facilities have been overwhelmed by growth in computer science enroll ment, which has nearly tripled from 2,500 students in 1977. To ease the problem. Dr. Donald C. Martin, head of the computer science department, has deferred all course assignments for three weeks. But Martin warned if the problem is not resolved, the courses may have to be cut back drastically, at least for a semester. Two witches convicted in extortion trial FREEHOLD, N.J. — A self-proclaimed witch and a warlock convicted of extorting more than $4,200 from a woman who hired them to cure her diabetes claim they did not get a fair trial because they practiced the occult. The two were charged with threatening Janice Goldstein, 21, of Cherry Hill, if she did not pay $4,285 to com plete a witchcraft cure, performed in January 1981, that was supposed to rid her of diabetes. Ms. Gorman and Rakowski, who called themselves “good white witches,” said the money was needed to ap pease evil “black witches.” The two were found guilty of three counts of theft by deception, two counts of theft by extortion, and in dividual counts of conspiracy, criminal coercion, and marijuana possession. Green not apologetic for attendance record RALEIGH — Lt. Gov. James C. Green’s news secretary, at Green’s request, said Thursday a UPI story on the number of state board meetings Green missed in the past two years should have reported the times substitutes took his place. The article last month said Green appeared in person at 58 of 95 meetings held during 1980 and 1981 by eight commissions he serves on. That’s a 61 percent record. A UPI check shows Green sent a substitute 18 other times, pushing his office’s total representation to 80 percent. In a January interview. Green said he makes no apologies about his record because he works an average of six days a week and often cannot attend a meeting because of conflicting schedules. “I don’t believe that one individual in this office can attend all those meetings every month and have any time left at this desk or to communicate with the leadership of the state Senate relative to the budget and other press- ing matters,” he said. By Thelma C. Henderson with assistance from Daily Tar Heel reports Jeremiah Jacobs is a native of Cape Town, South Africa. He consented to this interview, which focuses on the dehumanization of the non-white people of South Africa by its government,'on the condition that his real identity not be revealed. It should be noted that Jacobs took this stand as a protective measure against any possible retaliation against him by the South African government. “I’m afraid if I used my real identity, as soon as I returned home, I would be arrested. The government officials would probably meet us at the airport. That’s how serious the situtation is. I could receive five to twenty years in prison,” said Jacobs. What type type of government would inflict this type of nagging fear in its country’s people over what many Americans would consider simple freedom of speech? Is this the same country where elegantly sculptured sky-scrappers tower above busy sidewalks, where streets are filled with curious tourists and expensive European cars? Is this the same country graced with crystal blue skies and cotton-white clouds which stretch to Table Mountain, the world’s largest resource of gold, diamonds, coal, copper, and minerals? Is this the same country which enjoys the number one position in grow ing industry and technology, but whose countryside still remains inhabited with animal wildlife? It may seem unlikely, but it is all too true. In addition to its many impressive assets. South Africa is the coun try which openly and arrogantly practices the oppressive system of apartheid—enforced separation of races. Under the reign of apartheid, the white South African government completely dominates and dictates the lives of the non-white people living there. Violating its laws may result in imprisonment or sometimes death. It is the same country where, in 1976, the bludgeoned bodies of junior and senior high school Bantu children crumbled in the streets—-their blood staining the sidewalks of Soweto, South Africa. During this riot, termed the “Soweto Incident,” hundreds of children, some as young as 12, were killed by the white South African police for boycotting against the inadequacy of the Bantu Educational System. This is the same country where, in 1980, this morbid and gruesome bloodbath would repeat itself in Cape Town, South Africa. “The children were tired of the poor quality of educa tion and lack of facilities in the school systems. They had very few books and the school housing was disasterous, sometimes structurally unsafe. The floors and roofs were decaying and the walls were barely stan ding,” said Jacobs. “Yet, the white schools remained fully equipped with best of facilities and staff. Knowing this and and seeing the indifference everyday, the children decided to boycott and the slum-like ‘school’ down. The white police came to the rioting and beat them to death in the streets and anyone else who tried to help the children. When you have seen death in the eyes of a child, as his body lay in his own blood, then you have seen a small part of the horror of apartheid.” Who are the people that practice a segregated system so vicious as to kill children who only wanted a decent education? South Africa has a population of over 21 million peo ple. Out of that 21 million, there are 4 million whites who enjoy complete political, social, and economic con trol of the remaining non-white group. These people consist of 1 million Asians and Indians, 3 million “coloureds” (fair-brown tone skin), and 18 million others, designated as Africans by the government. They are usually of a dark skin tone, but not always. Under the reign of apartheid, these groups are con sidered inferior to the small white population and are stripped of their political rights, as well as citzenship. “The white government operates on a ‘divide and rule’ concept,” explained Jacobs. “They begin the pro cess at birth when they divide us by tribe, location, and skin color...like animals. Then they give those of the lighter hues (Asians, Indians, and coloureds) more priviledges than the darker people. By doing this the government hopes to create a hostility between the groups, in order to decrease the chance of a united uprising against its white administration. Therefore, by dividing us, it hopes to continue ruling us,” he added. Even though lighter skinned people enjoy more priviledges than the darker Africans, they are far from reaching the political, social, and economic status of whites. “Coloureds may work the same job as "a white per son, in an area restricted for coloureds of course,” said Jacobs. “But they will receive only half the pay. Blacks receive only one-fourth the pay for working the same job. The white government will use any tactic necessary to humiliate and break the spirit of its non-white people. By keeping the non-whites down at the bottom, the whites can enjoy the top positions on the economic lad der,” explained Jacobs. A walk down the streets of Cape Town will reveal one of the most beautifully designed cities in the world. But as you walk, you will soon see “white only” signs plastered on the walls of white businesses. Walk farther See APARTHEID HORRORS, page 5 What’s in a name change? Thousands of dollars Changing the name of a university involves more than just rewriting the alma mater—it costs a bundle. Floyd B. McKissick’s plan to create a “drive to change the name of North Carolina Central University to the James E. Shepard University of North Carolina” has met with mixed reviews on campus, but even if one admits the desirability of the new name, the costs of the cosmetic changes necessary to bring it about are not trivial. How much woulld it cost? According to reports by NCCU journalism students, changing the name of NCCU would mean major expenditures in several depart ments, resulting in costs over $80,000. A big chunk of the cost is in signs. - William E. McDonald, director of NCCU’s physical plant, estimates that alterations to the maroon directory signs in front of the buildings would cost $20,000 and the tops of the brick signs in front of Chidley Hall, the Administration Bldg., and the Union would pro bably cost $6,000 to replace.. And there is more than one might think in uniforms. Lt. John Suitt of NCCU Security notes that new badges and patches would run $2,000. The football uniforms could stand as they are, but new uniforms for the basketball teams (men’s and women’s), the volleyball team and the softball team would cost $12,000. And then there is the band. Band director Jerry Head estimates replacements would be as much as $30,000 with $500 needed to buy a new banner. University vehicles would also need refurbishing. New decals for student organization vans and other vehicles would be around $500, according to McDonald. While most departments would not be noticeably affected, there would be a lot of unused stationery and brochures lying around. And what about T-shirts in the bookstore? Even getting to “the new” university, would mean some extra bucks. Bill Smart, an administrator for the traffic division of the N.C. Highway Dept., estimates that installing six new highway signs would run $11,000. Nothing comes free these days, not even a new name. Compiled from reports by Joe Bailey, Veronica Cogdcll, Darryl Goodman, Bernard Hansley, Thelma Henderson, Jim Jarvis, Paschelle Mitchell, Kim Slade, and Al Tinnin. Students protest proposed new cuts in financial aid bill Continued from page I . • STATE STUDENT INCENTIVE GRANTS (SSIG) would be eliminated, currently providing 300,000 state grants matched by SSIG funds. • COLLEGE WORK-STUDY (CWS) would be cut by 28 percent to $397.5 million, removing 250,000 student job opportunities. • Federal capital contributions to the DIRECT LOAN PROGRAM (NDSL) would be ended, eliminating low-cost loans to 266,000 needy students. In stitutions could still make new loans with their NDSL revolving funds, but these funds are far from adequate on most campuses. • The TRIO PROGRAMS, which provide important services to encourage attend,ance and retention of disadvantaged students whose families have never gone to college, would be cut 47 percent to $82 million. The Talent Search and Educational Opportunity Center programs, which counsel eligi ble students and provide information about post-secondary opportunities, would be eliminated. • GUARANTEED STUDENT LOAN (GSL) costs continue to rise, forcing the Administration to request a $978 million supplemental for FY 82, for a total of $2.75 billion. The budget estimated costs will fall to $2.49 billion in FY 83 assuming further restrictions proposed for this entitlement program to go into effect April 1 of this year. The Aministration would double the origination fee from 5 to 10 percent (i.e., to obtain a $2,000 loan a student would have to borrow $2,200); the $30,000 income eligibility cap would be replaced by limiting eligibility to unmet need (cost minus family contribu tion and other aid); borrowers would be required to pay market interest rates two years after entering repayment instead of the current 9 percent; and graduate and professional students would be removed from eligibility. • For undergraduate borrowers, doubling the origination fee and requiring market interest rates after leaving school would increase indebtedness by 19 percent. blems. They would be eligible for the AUXILIARY LOANS TO ASSIST STUDENTS DS (ALAS) program which carries a 14 percent interest rate and does not provide the GSL deferred; but most graduate students are part-time, and they would have to repay principal as well as interest while in school. Graduate students who are able to obtain ALAS loans would in crease their indebtedness as much as 67 percent. However, the ALAS pro gram is only operational in 14 states, and only 5 percent of loans to date have been to students. Banks will be reluctant to make ALAS loans to graduate students, since the absence of in-school interest subsidy would necessitate billing students monthly or quarterly, or allowing interest to ac crue which would deprive the lender of cash flow. • Some 600,(X)0 graduate students - over half of graduate enrollments - now depend on GSLs to finance their education. A majority of them may be unable to continue their education if the administration’s recommendations are adopted. • GRADUATE FELLOWSHIPS would also be eliminated by the Ad ministration’s budget, which would zero out the Graduate and Professional Opportuities fellowships for minorites and women, public service fellowships, and fellowships for minorities to attend law school (CLEO). These programs currently total $11.5 million, funding 1800 fellowships. • FY 82 STUDENT AID RESCISSIONS: The Administration’s budget also proposes further cuts in FY 82 student aid funding (for Academic Year 1982-83) through rescissions of $91 million for Pell Grants, $44 million for Work-Study, $6 million for State Student Incentive Grants, $9.9 million for the TRIO programs, $1.9 million for public service fellowships, and $0.1 million for law school fellowships for minorities. These would be in addi tion to cuts already made in the FY 82 Continuing Resolution, which chop ped student aid programs 12 percent below the Administration’s original budget recommendations, as President Reagan requested last September, while most other domestic programs were cut 4 percent across-the-board. ■ graduate students, denial of access to GSL would present critical pro- “The state of North Carolina would lose $41,685,759 in federal monies to higher education, and this doesn’t include the Guaranteed Student Loans or the N.C. Incentive Grants, which are also on the chopping block,” said Massey. Massey said that the loss of federal monies to the state would affect, 57,324 students enrolled in North Carolina colleges. He also said that out of the 50 states. North Carolina ranked 9th on the list of monies which will be taken from students if the budget cuts pass congressional legislation. “All schools in the state of North Carolina should have been present to hear the states and to find out that Senators East and Helms voted in sup port of all the proposed budget cuts. U.S. Representive Ike Andrews voted for 88 percent of the budget cuts,” said Massey. “No congressmen or representatives came to the rally-meeting, and the people who came were the staff aides, but they couldn’t answer any of ques tions that were asked of them,” said Massey. , Massey said that prior to the rally-meeting in Washington, D.C., the SGA sent around petitions urging students to sign them and to write letters to our congressmen voicing our concerns over the budget cuts. “We encourage students to do two things: write your congressmen ex pressing your opposition against the proposed budget cuts to education; and when you go home for Spring break, register to vote. These same peo ple will be up for re-election in November ’82 and if they don’t do something in favor of the students, then they won’t receive our votes in the election,” said Massey. Students can write North Carolina congressmen at these addresses: Sen. John East Room 5107 Dirksen St. Washington, D.C. Sen. Jesse Helms Room 4013 Dirksen St. Washington, D.C.
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