Summer Trainees (Continued from page 1} Pons, Meyer; and Rachel Shepard, Meyer. UNIVERSITY OF IOWA, Iowa City, Ibwa - Jane Lundvall, Minot and Janette Puentes, Minot. UNIVERSITY OF WEST VIRGINIA, Morgantown, W. Va. — Mary Elise Kelley, Hanes. VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, Nashville, Tenn. — Holly Sutherland, Osier. UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA, Charlotte — Susan Josey, Prevost; Janet Niblock, Strudwick; Joan McCauley, Cabell B; Edna Daniel, IRU; and Donna Weisner, NSU. UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE, Newark, Del. — Karen Latimer, 3 East. This year's professional medication ■ assistants and their ward assignments are: Rickey Bess, Cabell A; John Bischoff, Cardiology; Vickie Blackburn, Cardiology; Patricia Claytor, C.C.U.; Danny Clinard, Cabell B; Debra Ellis, C.C.U.; Annette Simpson, Cabell B; Thomas West, Cabell A; Rebecca Bost, Sims; Esther Williams, Sims; Gregory West, Prevost; and Danny Cress, McDowell. Nancy Gilliam, Halsted; Diane January, Reed; Rebecca Morelock, Cushing; William Pickard, Cushing; Robert Ricks, Halsted; Frances Whaley, McDowell; Peter Champion, Minot; Joni Ingram, Hanes; Wing-Sang Lee, Hanes; David Morrison, Osier; Diane Sinhel, Osier; Jeffrey Smith, Minot; and Hunt Taylor, Long. Donald Thrower, Hanes; Lulu Williams, ■ Osier; Randolph Wright, Minot; Thomas Shoffner, Long; Wylus James, Long; Bruce Dunham, Strudwick; James Griffin, Strudwick; Richard Mercer, Holmes; Keith McGinnis, Holmes; Michael Teague, Welch; Carle Winge, Welch; James Brannon, Meyer; and Gary Dunham. 3 West. Sidney Higbee, 3 East; Celeste Lindley, Meyer; Ray McLemore, 3 East; Richard McKinney, NSU; James Tyndall, NSU; and Belinda Riddle, I.R.U. Test Your Knowledge Health Care Costs Quiz Everyone knows that health care costs are rising, but are you aware of just how much these figures are increasing? Take this quiz to test your knowledge. 1. In 1972, the average hospital bill* in North Carolina was about: (a) $350 (b) $450 (c)$515 2. The average length of stay in a North Carolina hospital* today is about: (a) 4.7 days (b) 5.5 days (c) 6.6 days 3. The number of people who go to the hospital each year* is about: (a) 1 out of 2 (b) 1 out of 5 |c) 1 out of 10 4. The average daily charge for care in North Carolina hospitals in 1972, including room and ancillary cost*, was about: (a) $57 (b) $67 (0 $77 5. The average semiprivate room charge* in North Carolina hospitals is about: (a) $27 (b) $35 (c) $39 6. The biggest item of expense in operating a hospital is: (a) payroll (b) equipment and supplies (c) building maintenance 7. Payroll costs make up what percentage of a hospital's operating expense: (a) 30-40 per cent (b) 40-50 per cent (c) 60-70 per cent 8. The number of employees needed to operate the average 100-bed hospital is about: (a) 100 (b) 175 (c) 250 9. Over the past five years, average hospital charges* in North Carolina have risen about: |a) 40 per cent (b) 70 per cent (c) 90 per cent 10. Over the past 10 years, average doctors' fees nationally have risen about: (a) 55 per cent (b) 70 per cent (c) 80 per cent 11. How much does it cost to have a baby in North Carolina (including the hospital and doctor charges related to maternity care)*: (a) $650 (b) $800 (c) $900 *Based on BCBSNC experience Answer Key 1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (0 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (0 8. (0 9. lb) 10. (a) 11. 10 June Safety Scoreboard Total Employee Accidents 118 Total Number of Days Lost 90 Accidents Causing Lost Time 11 Total Number of Needle Punctures 16 Despite the strenous efforts of the medical center's safety committee to eliminate them, needle puncture accidents are on the rise. Some people still forget to dispose of used needles in the proper receptacles which have been placed in all clinic and ward areas. These receptacles, which are clearly marked, are either glass bottles, red cardboard boxes or special containers with clips for separating needles from syringes. Since needles can carry infectious diseases such as hepatitis, they should never be discarded in waste paper baskets which are emptied by environmental services personnel. CONFERENCE IN THE ER-Dr. Farell Collins, a resident in medicine, and RN Margaret Messick discuss a patient in the Emergency Room. Mrs. Messick, who has worked at Duke continuously since 1961 and periodically before that, has recently been named nursing supervisor of the area. She is a graduate of the Nazareth School of Nursing in Lexington, Ky. and, before coming to the medical center, served as staff nurse at several hospitals in Kentucky, Tennessee and North Carolina. She is the mother of four grown sons and she said she enjoys ER work because, "It's unpred i etable." (Photo by David Williamson) Duke Transplant Doctors Seek Black Blood Donors Black kidney transplant patients run a greater risk than white patients of having their new organs rejected by their bodies' defense mechanisms, says a local researcher who's trying to reduce that risk. Dr. Frances Ward, associate professor of immunology at the medical center, has found that one out of every four kidneys transplanted into blacks at Duke and the Veterans Administration Hospital here during the past two years was later rejected. One out of five was lost in whites, she said. The doctor's figures show that 66 transplants have been done since July, 1972—45 going to whites and 21 to blacks. Five of the blacks' new kidneys were then overwhelmed when their bodies refused to accept them. Nine of the whites' organs suffered the same fate. One reason the black rejection rate is higher, said Dr. Ward, is that transplant specialists don't know enough about black people's blood. To fill in the gaps, the professor and her colleagues are recruiting black Want To Be Liked? We could get along with other people better if we really wanted to—and tried. All it takes is a willingness to be less critical—to criticize others less impulsively. That story of the wise oW Indian who counseled his people they shouldn't judge others until they walked a mile in their moccasins applies to us, too. Before we jump to conclusions about the things people say and do, we ought to try to look at the situation the way we probably wouk) look at it if we were in their place. If we had their background, their associates, their problems, their doubts, their hurts, their thwarted ambitions—wouW our behavior be nrKich different? The secret of getting along with others lies in being fair—and as patient with them as we wouki like them to be with us-if our moccasins were switched. Not only does a consistent attitude like this make it easier for us to like other people, it makes it easier for other people to like usi families willing to donate a small amount of blood to their research. Each family member would be asked to give less than two tablespoons, Dr. Ward said. "We'd prefer families with both parents and two or more children," she added. With samples from families, the Duke-VA team can learn how blood make-up is inherited, she explained. The researchers will be looking for blood "antigens"—substances that trigger the body's normal defenses against disease and infection. "Everyone has his own antigens," Dr. Ward said. These aren't considered "foreign" by the body and don't cause any trouble. "But the body tends to reject anything not identical to itself, including transplanted organs," she noted. So to keep a transplanted kidney working, the body's defenses have to be tricked. Dr. Ward explained. The best way to do that is to use a kidney that has the same antigens as the person receiving it. "If the patient and the kidney are well matched," she said, "the chance of that transplant being successful is very high." it's only in one black patient out of four, however, that all the important antigens can ever be identified, she added. For whites, it's three out of five. "If we had more blood samples from blacks, we'd be able to learn more about these antigens," the professor said. "Then we could make better matches and reduce the proportion of rejections." Dr. Ward stressed that only blood samples-not kidneys—are needed for the study. Interested donors can reach Or. Ward at the Durham VA Hospital. 286-0411, Ext. 6546. Project (Continued from page 1) women who are screened and thus nfiany women are screened who do not normally have an annual examination of the breast. The examinations are performed at the project facilities at 3040 Erwin Aoad, Durham.