Newspapers / Salem College Student Newspaper / March 11, 1960, edition 1 / Page 3
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THE SALEMITE Page Three Dr. Rupen Examines Current Chinese-Russian Relations By Janet Yarborough The subject of Dr. Robert A. Rupen’s lecture in assembly March 7, as he said, concerns the of each of us. His subject “The Relationship Between was . I^toscow and Peking”, a subject vital to us but one we know so little about. He said that while these nvo powers agree on many things since they share the same ideology, differences also exist between them. The basic problem of their dis agreements he stated to be the dif- frrenl historical phase of the Com- Jmiist revolution in the two count- "" ,ke Chines. «e r.vo- lutionary “doctrinaires” whereas the Russians have passed through that phase so that now the Russians are “conservative” — the Chinese are not. In his conclusion. Dr. Rupen stated that the “Moscow-Peking Axis” is subject to strains and stresses. When he asked a Russia- Oriental specialist about this, he said two things : (1) “Nobody knows what the relations are.” (2) “Rus sians trv not to offend the Chinese, but no one knows what offends a Chinese.” Anti-Americanism In his opinion, American influ ence ill Russia is greater than Cliinese influence, as is evident by the demand in Russia for more con sumer goods. Contrasting to this ! Russian attitude is the Chinese in tense anti-Americanism, which is no less than “pathelogical hatered.” Perhaps it might be beneficial to review the period of history in which China got into the Com- muaist camp. During tlpe 1920’s three groups occupied China (parts of which were undeveloped frontier areas); these groups were the Na tionalist government of China, the Russian Communists, and Japan. When the Nationalist party was in the Second World War against im perialistic Japan, the communist areas expanded. Consequently, from 1946-1950 there was a civil war in China wliicli the Communists won liecause Nationalist China was torn by factional strife. The Nation alists were left only with the island of Formosa. In 1949, the “Chinese People’s Republic” emerged — con trolled by the Communist Party. -Vt present the United States does not recognize the government of Red China because the Chinese government did not come to power by the will of the people. “Invention of Difference” In the beginning of his speech, Dr. Rupen presented Premier Khru shchev’s view that the idea of a possible split between the Moscow membership of the Communist fParty; both of their elections are fake; both utilize propaganda; both have a “New Class” of bureaucrats; and both are convinced that capital- .'isin is on its way out. Science and Technology as Goal Then Dr. Rupen said that there Peking Axis is “typical bourgeoise” j w e r e possible disagreements be- opinion; to Khrushchev the prob- tween Moscow and Peking. At lem of over-population seemed ob- surd because a planned economy could meet the needs of the people. He also claimed that it would be futile to split their social unity. Stating that there is no conflict in their relations with China and that the few there are, are being elimi nated. Mr. Khrushchev said that there is “mutual assistance and co operation” between them. Refer ring to the Yugoslavian dislike of Red China, the Premier maintains that Yugoslavia (a communist country no longer under Russian hegemony are spreading and “in vention of differences” between these countries, which to the Soviet Premier, cannot be done Here Dr. Rupen warned, “Yet the more they proclaim unity and Agreement, the more suspicious we must become”. But there is no direct information on their rela tions ; They have built a facade behind which are thought to be “strong undercurrents of rivalry.” However, Dr. Rupen humerously added that we can speculate freely “unhampered by much knowledge.” He also set forth this question: “If Russians are an enigma, what are the Chinese?” Russia and China share the Com munist ideology from which many axioms of agreement are derived. Some of these agreements which Dr. Rupen mentioned are that: both have science and technology as their ultimate goal, which means that the agricultural development is second ary, or as he said, “Marx against the peasant;” both are anti-capital ist believing they hold the one true answer;” both do not consider he individual important; since they believe in a class struggle, both have a military quality; both share in antipathy to religion; both stress utilitarian sort of education; both M their “elites” control the limited present, they co-exist and refer to each other. However China be cause of her enormous population does not have to surrender to Rus sia. He indicated that there were evidences of the Chinese assertion of power. Even though Russia in tended to keep her interests in Port Arthur, in the Chinese Eastern Railroad, and in Singchow, she got out. Also Russia wanted to direct certain Communist parties in China but she did not. There were 10,000 Russians irl Manchuria in 1956; in 1958 there were only 4,000. And in 1954, Peking forced Russia to give her more supplies. The most recent evidence of Chinese power is the Chinese aggressions on the Indian border, which Russia can do nothing about. Next Dr. Rupen entertained the question of whether or not Peking referred to Russia. Again he warned that he was speculating. However, he cited an article in a Chinese Communist newspaper in 1957 which indicated that I’eking still respects Russian power. Refering to the Manchurian situ ation after World War II when Russia completely destroyed the in dustry of Manchuria, the newspaper article made this gross understate ment : “Russia was “dismantling some machinery and equipment ’. Red China “still has a great in ternal achievement to complete,” Dr. Rupen reminded us. Soviet Russia gave China no gifts—only loans; slie also has given China no Soviet missiles. For Khrushchev’s p r o g r a m of “peace and co-existence” with the world China shows no enthusiasm. Neither is China excited about the Summit Conference to which she was not invited. Dr. Rupen sug gested that the Chinese invasion of India might serve as a reminder to Khrushchev not to forget his Chinese friends. On the otlier hand, Russia does not think much of the Chinese “doctrinal rigidity.” From his own personal observa tions, Dr. Rupen concluded that Russia is “more and more consumer oriented.” The inadequate housing situation is the strongest pressure facing the Soviet government. He offered this description of a Rus sian apartment in Leningrad; a widow and her two children with an income about 50% above average had one room, a kitchen shared with 13 other families, a two-bur ner gas stove, one toilet with 13 other families, and no bathing facilities. However, the government has made real strides to meet this problem, which has been remark ably improved since '1917. To the Chinese all these prob lems seem “bourgeoise;” Russians are not as interested in the Com munist theory, as the Chinese, but are tending to identify themselves with Europe instead of Asia. Like the Western World, Dr. Rupen said, Russia has her pre judices against the Chinese. When telling a Russian that it was bour geoise not to marry a Chinese be cause she was a Chinese, the Rus sian replied to Dr. Rupen, “Bour geoise, but I couldn’t do it”. As the former illustration implies, our speaker maintained that the friendship b e t w c e n Russia and China is only an “official friend ship.” Even though China is still dependent on Russia for technical assistance and military supplies, the whole direction of Chinese policy is “to stand on their own feet”. Dr. Rupen added a note about his favorite subject — Outer Mon golia. This is an “independent na tionalistic country between Russia and China. Here the two groups mix and work together. Dr. Rupen further informed us that Outer Mongolia was the first Russian satellite and during the 1930’s Rus sia tried to shut out the Chinese, but in 1949, China returned to Mon golia. At present it is primarily under Russian control. Dr. Rupen is one of the few authorities on this subject. Inter spursing ■ bits of humor with his facts, he did not seem to be re morseful over his subject. On the contrary, he treated the subject as a disturbing “enigma.” Yet he im pressed us with the seriousness of this “enigma”—one so far yet so near to ns. TOWN STEAK HOUSE TWO FINE RESTAURANTS TO SERVE YOU NO. 1—107 LOCKLAND AVE. NO. 2—300 SOUTH STRATFORD RD. COLLEGE INN RESTAURANT AND SFAGHETTI HOUSE For The Best In STEAK”—SPAGHETTI—PIZZA—SALADS 839 Reynolda Road Phono PA 2-9932 lave a real ciqarette-have a *Miiiiimiratjiiiiiimiii[]miiiiiiiiiuiiiiimiiitniiHiiiiiiiia!iniiiiiimJiiniimniC3iiiiiiiiiiiu»iimiiiiiiniHmmiNniiiniiiiniuiiiii| j ARTISTIC FLOWERS j I Thruway Shopping Center | i 278 S. 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Salem College Student Newspaper
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March 11, 1960, edition 1
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