Newspapers / Daily Herald (Roanoke Rapids, … / Aug. 8, 1946, edition 1 / Page 22
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p» — """ ."' — — ■ ' — New Cancer Control Experiments Called "Promising11 By Scientists A new series of experiments in cancer control with biodynes, which affect the “breathing” of cells, has proved “extremely prom ising,” according to Dr. George Speri Sperti, director of the Institution Divi Thomae ,a re search organization with affiliated laboratories in various parts of the country. However, so far only one type of cancer has been treat ed and the biodyne extracts are so expensive and complicated to pre pare that it will take years to complete experiments, reports Myron Sterans in Redbood Maga zine for August. Telling how the discoveries were made and what is hoped for, he writes: “One of the important and far reaching medical researches of to day is being carried on by the In stitution Divi Thomae of Cincin nati, Ohio. If the bright promise that it seems at present to hold is fulfilled it will be only a rela tively few years before cancer man's greatest and hitherto most unyielding enemy in the field of disease may be completely over come. “The Institution Divi Thomae— th» ‘I.D.T.,’ as it is coming to be called — carries weight in scien tific circles. It has some fourteen different research units, working • in various parts of the country un der the central planning and guid ance of Dr. George Speri Cperti, its forty-six year old director. “The broad field of cancer re search is part of the still greater field ol the behavior of individual cells — since cancer occurs only when for some still-obscure rea sons, a group of cells gets out of control and begins dividing, or growing, so rapidly that what is known as a “malignant tumor” is formed. The field of cellubar be havior has been chosen as the cen tral researcn-suDject on wuku each Institution unit carries on every year some definite work. Between 150 and 200 carefully trained researchers work at least part of their time in Ohio, Illi nois, Indiana, Texas, Louisianna, Florida, New York, Pennsylvania and Michigan on cellular behavior that may apply to cancer. “More than 50,000 mice have been used in Institutum cancer studies, and possibly 10,000 rats, and other experimental rodents like guinea pigs, as well. More than one hundred papers, have been published in scientific jour nals ,each reporting results secur ed after dozens, and in many cases hundreds of separate experiments. “Because cancer is common to plants the Institum has gone to plants the Institution has gone to there. In the animal kingdom they have studied cancer in chickens. Starfish have been particularly useful; if a starfish loses one of its five arms it rapidly starts to grow another. Salamanders, onion roots, sea urchins all come within the scope of Institutum cancer re search projects. “Supplementing the researches of a German named Otto War burg, a lot of work was started on yeast cells. Dr. Warburg had searched exhaustively into the amount of oxygen consumed by sea-urchin eggs. He found that cells in fast-growing embryo tis sue may use more oxygen than older cells. In general, the older cells are, the less oxygen they use. “At the Institutum hundreds of experiments were made for the most part with yeast cells, to find out more about cellular reactions and metabolism. One of the ques tions Sperti asked his research associates to find out was this: When cells doe, does their so called ‘breathing’ stop immediate ly, or is there a certain amount of oxygen-consumption, produced perhaps by the action of enzymes, that continues after they are dead? They tried taking a test tube full of yeast cells and killing all of them. The oxygen consumption fell to zero. Then the test tube full of dead cells was emptied into a tube of living cells — and the oxygen consumption of the liv ing cells more than doubled. "It was the beginning of what may be one of the most important medical discoveries of modern times — that cells give off In finitely minute stimulants to other ce'ls, perhaps after the nature of hormones. Their importance is so great that the Institutum has sug gested general name for them— ‘biodynes.’ Literally thousands of later experiments have shown that there are three main groups or ‘families’ of them; one that stimu lates the growth of other cells, another that stimulates the breath ing or oxygen consumption of other cells, and a third that af fects the sugar-use, or glycolysis, of other cells. If cells are injured or s.ckly, they tend to give off more of them than at other times. “Yeast - cell stimulants, appar ently, differ from other plant ceil stimulants and animal-cell stimu lants; liver-cell stimulants appar ently differ from spleen-cell stimulants, and so onv indefinitely. “A whole new series of cancer experiments was begun. Was it possible that one of the new bio dynes ,a cell-respiration stimulant would tend to make cancer cells breathe faster, and even miracu lously, change back from slow breathing, rapidly - dividing cell3, to more normal cells again? “For more than eight years, In spitum experiments have been showing that respiration-stimu lating biodynes can affect cancer cells. After enough experiments had been performed with labora tory mice and other animals, the Institutum researchers felt that the time had come to attempt the first treatments of superficial forms of cancer in human beings. (Continued on page 2—Sect. C) ATHLETES FOOT ITCH NOT HARD TO KILL. 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Daily Herald (Roanoke Rapids, N.C.)
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Aug. 8, 1946, edition 1
22
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