Un'lv'' >Hbt . or'-« I u-iV? y Second Class Matter at the Post Office at Durham, North Carolina, under Aet of March 3, 1879. IE OUTSTANDING NEGRO WEEKLY OF THE CAROLINAS VOLUME 29—NUMBER 8 DURHAM, N. C., SATURDAY, FEB. 24th, 1951 PRICE: 10 CENTS Governor Scott Denies UNC STALLING ON ADMITTING NEGROES Bias Found In Trials For Negro Troops New York — Special Counsel Thurgood Marshall of the Na tional Association for the Ad vancement of Colored People was scheduled to return to Tokyo this week after spending eight days in Korea, conferring with servicemen and officials of the Far East Command in Tae gu, Suwan, Pusan, Kumhae, and the rear and forward head quarters of the 24th Infantry Regiment. In a communication received today at the NAACP national office, Mr. Marshall reported that he left Haneeda Air Base in Tokyo for Korea on Sunday morning, February 4, with a party composed of the Deputy Inspector General of the Far East Command, Colonel D. D. Martin, another full colonel and two lieutenant colonels, the Deputy Judge Advocate Gen eral, and two male stenograph ers. On arriving in Taegu, the party was met by the inspector general of the Eighth Army and taken to headquarters for a spe cial briefing on tactical battle positions as that day, and for conferences with the staff of the inspector general and the chief of staff for the Eighth Army. Mr. Marshall, Col. Martin and another officer went on to the headquarters of the 25th Divis ion, leaving the remainder of the party in Taegu to take state ments from all of the enlisted men and officers in cases being handled by the NAACP. Mr. Marshall conferred with Gen eral Bradley, Major General Milburn, and staff officers at Division Headquarters. From Suwan, the NAACP counsel proceeded to rear head quarters of the 24th Infantry, and to the forward headquar ters, directly behind the front lines, where he saw the regi ment’s cojnraanding officer, Colonel Colby. At the rear head quarters he checked records of and conferred with defense counsel for all the court-martial cases with which the NAACP is concerned. Later he proceeded by jeep to Kumhae, where he checked other court-marital records. “Only two white GIs convict ed of mis-behavior before the enemy and given five and thrpe years sentences whereas 23 Ne groes convicted with one death and 15 life sentences. Investigations in Korea and Japan indicate Negro soldiers were convicted in atmosphere making justice impossible. Their counsel had not time to prepare defense of men who were rushed from foxholes to courts marital. Four men sentenced to life had trials of less than 50 min utes each. Despite courts martial and unsympathetic white of ficers. Twenty-fourth Infantry is once again doing great job on the front line. Findings and recommenda tions submitted to MacArthur Saturday.” In his memorandum, Mr. Marshall expressed his intention “to go all the way up and talk to the men on the line” before uled to return to this country returning to Tokyo. He is sched about February 22, landing at San Francisco. En route to New York, he will address a series of mass meetings arranged by lo cal branches of the NAACP. Dr. J. S. Wright1 To Speak At Library Forum Dr. Stephen J. Wright dean of faculty at Hampton Institute, will be the speaker at the San ford L. Warren Library’s Book Review Forum, Monday night, February 26, at 8 o’clock. The topic announced for Dr. Wright is “How Democratic Are Our Schools?” Mrs. R. N. Moore, librarian, will preside at the forum. Dr. Wright, who is one of the nation’s outstanding younger educators, is a former member of the faculty at North Carolina College. A large crowd is ex (Please turn to Page Eight) N. C. College Prexy Wants 7 Million To Halt Dr. Alfonso Elder, president of North Carolina College at Durham, who told the 1951 Gen eral Assembly last week that he could equalize educational op portunities for Negroes in all “areas in which the North Caro lina College at Durham is char tered for 7 million. The College is “authorized and empowered to establish — graduate courses in the Liberal Arts field” and professional courses in any field for which there is a demand. First Area Meet Of Alumni To Be Held March 2-3 The first annual meeting of the Fourth Area Alumni Asso ciation, which is comprised of colleges of North and South Carolina, will be held at North Carolina College on March 2nd and 3rd, according to an an nouncement by J. D. Marshall, president. It is expected that all Alumni Associations in the area will send representatives. The theme of the meeting will be, “What Can We Do To In crease Membership in the Area and National Alumni Associa tion?” Participating on the pro gram will be Doctor A. Elder, president of North Carolina Col lege, who will deliver the prin ciple address Friday, March 2, at 8:00 p. m. Doctor Elder will be introduced by Asa T. Spauld ing, president of the North Car olina College Alumni Associa tion. Greetings will be extended by Doctor J. M. Hubbard, mem ber of the Board of Trustees, and a response given by Mrs. L. M. Turner, president of Eliz abeth City State Teachers Col lege Alumni Association. Fol (Please turn to Page Eight) Dr. C. C. Spaulding’s Guidepost Article Fourth Among Winners Of Freedom Foundation Award For 1950 By FRANK BROWER Dr. C. C. Spaulding, president of North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, a fourth place winner in the Magazine Article category among the $100,000 Award winners for 1950, it was announced this week by Gen. Omar N. Bradley and the Freedom’s Foundation. This award was given for Dr. Spaulding’s Guideposts Maz azine article of March 1950 tell ing of opportunities in America entitled “The Land of the Free.” Freedom’s Foundation at Valley Forge, 45 minutes by taxi from Philadelphia, is dedi cated to the fundamental prin cipal that freedom belongs to all the people, and that only by the thoughts and acts of their every day lives can the American peo ple preserve and extend their freedom to “speak up for free dom” and to reward them for so doing. Not being boastful but mere ly showing opportunities in our nation, Dr. Spaulding wrote, in his winning article, of a boy who was born one of 13 chil dren of a slave father on a small cotton farm some 76 years ago to become a man in the South lands with faith to help him in 1 relationships with people, and! the Bible to help in working out - tough problems i*nd last but? not least, how an idea and'“hus tle” added. *n those made this same boy nd van president of a life iu. ” m e company that has about $±‘i0 million worth of insurance in force, a bank with $5 million in resources, director of a bonding company, a build ing loan association, a fire in surance company, invitee to White House conferences, trus tee of several universities, and chairman of the board of a large hospital, all with an 8th grade education secured after his ma turity in America. True Story Impossible In Russia Dr. Spaulding wrote that “these statistics were only to show what can happen to a sup posedly underprivileged Negro, not in Russia, but right here in America in the heart of the Southland where members of my race allegedly have the least chance to become sucessful,” A first place winner, in the General Awards category, the National Committee For A Free Europe, with headquarters in New York, won its award for its “Crusade For Freedom” pro gram, a fervent national cam paign of truth to blast false Rus sian propaganda, to demonstrate true aims of freedom for all peo ple, and to defy Communism be hind the iron curtain. Dr. Spaulding not only won a fourth place berth outright, he participated as guest speaker in a first place winner, The Boy Scouts of America’s Interna tional Jamboree at Valley Forge (where these awards will be given this month and next) last July with the theme “Strengt ening the Arm of Liberty.” Distinguished Awards Jury The award recipients were chosen by a distinguished a wards jury composed of State Supreme Court Jurists and ex ecutive officers of national patriotic and service organi zations. The jury composed of 19 members, spent two weeks at the Foundation headquarters in January selecting the award winners, under the chairman ship of Dr. Milton S. Eisenhower President of Pennsylvania State College. The jury’s selections were made from nominations submit ted by the general public. More (Please turn to Page Eight) Honored Dr. C. C. Spaulding, president of North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company, who has been awarded fourth place in the Magazine Article category, by the Freedoms Foundation for 1950, for his article entitled “The Land of the Free.” Government Ends Negro Health Week Plan ^Federal Security Administra tor Oscar R. Ewing announced today the termination of the National Negro Health Week Movement, an educational pro gram which has been conducted specifically for the Negro popu lation in the United States. Since 1932, the program has been sponsored and directed by the Public Health Service. Co sponsors have been Tuskegee Institute, Howard University, the National Medical Associa tion, and the National Negro Insurance Association. Mr. Ewing said that the term ination of a special program for Negro health is “in keeping with the trend toward integra tion of all programs for the ad vancement of the people in the fundamentals of health, educa tion, and welfare.” Dr. Roscoe C. Brown and other personnel of the Division of Public Health Education, Public Health Service, wdl con tinue to give consultative ser vice to Negro groups in their communities, Surgeon General Leonard A. Scheele of the Pub lic Health Service explained. The Special Programs Branch, formerly the Office of Negro Health Work, will continue to serve as a clearing house of in formation on State and com munity health programs, health education materials, and pro grams available for Negro groups, Dr. Scheele said. Any Agency or group of citizens de siring such services should write to the Division of Public Health Education, Special pro grams Branch, Public Health Service, Washington 25, D. C. In 1930, the Annual Health Week Conference passed a reso lution establishing the program on a year-round basis and changing the name to the Nat ional Negro Health Movement. Health Week, however, continu ed to be observed. An executive committee, composed of a rep resentative from each of the sponsoring agancies, was form ed to plan the program and ac tivities. From 1932 to 1950, the Public Health Service support ed the National Negro Health Movement, supplying staff, fa cilities, and materials for Na tion-wide activities recommend ed by the executive committee. Raleigh—Dr. Alfonso Elder, president of North Carolina Col lege at Durham, promised the North Carolina General Assem ly last week that equal educa tional facilities for Negroes could be furnished in all areas which the college is chartered to operate for $7 million. The charter of North Carolina College gives the school the right to set up any graduate or professional course for which there is a demand. Dr. Elder did not explain how he would be able to establish at North Carolina College schools of medicine, dentistry and pharmacy on an equal basis with that at the University of North Carolina with only $7 million. The 1947-49 legislature ap propriated over $19 million for permanent improvements at Chapel Hill the largest outlay of which went for erection of a teaching hospital, school of den tistry, school of nursing and re sidence halls for staff physicians and nurses, alone, at UNC. Dr. Elder also asked the Joint Appropriations Committee for some $1,690,102 to run the school for the next two years. The Durham educator made (Please turn to Page Eight) Trustees Fail To Act On Application Of Four Negroes For Entrance To Med. School Director E. W. Green, assistant District Manager of the North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Comp any, who will head the Negro Division of the 1951 Red Cross Campaign in Durham. Working with Mr. Green as co-chairman is F. Howard Alston, Dean of Boys at Hillside High School. Local Bank Gets Certificate For $10,000 Coverage C. C. Spaulding, president of the Mechanics and Farmers Bank, today announced receipt from the Federal Deposit Insur ance Corporation, Washington, D. C. of a new certificate of membership giving effect to the recent increase in insurance cov erage to $10,000. The mechanics and Farmers Bank has been a member of FDIC since 1934. Spaulding pointed out that this insurance does not cost de positors of the bank a single penny. The surplus of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation which now exceeds $1,300,000, 000, in addition to all deposit insurance losses and operating expenses of the Corporation has been paid in by the 1?;,650 in sured banks of the Nation in the form of annual assessments bas ed on their total deposits. “‘Under the leadership of its Chairman, Maple T. Harl, and (Please turn to Page Eight) Sanford Woman Charges Conditions Deplorable In Schools Under Prof. Wicker EDITOR’S NOTE: Publish ed below is a statement ad dressed to the citizens of Lee County by Miss Willie B. Newton, Sanford businesswo man, in reply to a letter pub lished in the Sanford Herald of February 19 by the Rev. C. V. Flack, in which the lat ter charged that accusations brought against Prof. W. B. Wicker, principal of Lee County Training School, in a letter addressed to J. J. Lentz, Superintendent of School were unwarranted. A copy of the letter to Mr. Lentz was also published in the February 17 issue of the Carolina Times. This week’s letter and its predecessor have been published in these columns in keeping with our policy of freedom of speech, and does not mean that the Carolina Times agrees or dis agrees with the contents of either or both. The opinion of this newspaper on this very pertinent question of Negro schools in Lee County is ex pressed on the editorial page in this week’s issue of this newspaper. To The Citizens of Lee County In reply to the letter address ed to the editor of the SAN FORD. HEARLD of February 19, 1951, endorsing and defend ing Prof. W. B. Wicker, I would like to make the following re ply: What has Prof. Wicker done specifically to improve the con ditions of Negroes in Lee Coun ty during his 28 years of ser vice? The Lee County School is one of the most overcrowded in the State and has been for a number of years. The classrooms are so overcrowded, that stu dents don’t even have places to sit comfortably. The auditorium in the school is so small that it will barely seat one-third of the students at tending school there. The gym nasium is an eyesore to the whole campus. The parents and students have even been forced to raise money for showers in the gymnasium when they should have been furnished out of county or state school funds. At the Elementary School there is also an overcrowded condition with no playground equipment on the campus at all. Compare this with playgrounds at white elementary schools and note the great difference. Out of the pockets of under paid and underpriviledged Ne groes over $2,000 was recently raised for a lunch room, when the same should have been fur nished from public funds. At the time we were advised by this great leader, Prof. Wicker, that it was the only way of obtaining a lunch room for our children. In Lee County some children have to walk from one to three miles to catch a school bus, while others are forced to go to neighboring counties because they have too far to walk to get a bus for Lee County School. When one parent requested that the school bus be routed near her home she was told that she would have to get a load of at least 100 pupils. The parent is now sending her child to a neighboring county school. During the month it has been reported that some of the teach ers of the Veterans Administra tion have consistently worked an a new brick house near the Lee County School building. Has the Federal Government got to the place that it hires teachers to erect buildings for private citizens? Under Prof. Wicker’s admin istration as principal the parents of the children have been forced to raise money to aid in the pur chase of buses for the school. Does being a good community leader mean that a man has to (Please turn to Page Eight) White Soldier Says Non-Bias In Army Successful Fort Jackson, S. C. — In an article appearing in the Sanford Herald, Monday, February 19, Private Mann, white soldier stationed at Fort Jackson gives the following interesting ac count of the new non-segrega tion policy of the United States Army now being enforced: “Another feature of the new army which is at least a surprise to the southern draftee is the complete abolishing of segrega tion. To many boys from the deep south the lack of segrega tion of races in training units comes as a shock at first. “The army in its training and combat units has flow complete ly disregarded the so-called color line. White and colored troops share the same barracks, mess halls and all other facili ties of the army post. Both white and Negro officers are used in training companies as are non commissioned officers of both races. Most of us from Lee County who were inducted and sent to Fort Meade for processing thought that things would con tinue to go on just as they had in the past. At the processing center the old segregation rule was followed and Negro troops were placed in separate com panies. When I arrived at Fort Jack son however I found a new or der of things. In the company to which I am now attached there are two Negro platoon leaders who are commissioned officers and two who are white men. The company’s first sergeant is an Apache Indian and his assist ant is a Negro. There are also several other Negro non-com missioned officers in the com pany. One of the platoon sergeants who happened to be a white man from Georgia says that he believes the training of Negro and white troops together is a good idea. This man who has had 20 years service in the army says he believes that both Ne gro and white men learn faster under the present set up. It was also pointed out to me by another non-commissioned officer that the new system of mixing white and colored troops does away with the possibility of riots between units of differ ent races. This man said that in the past it has not been uncom mon for a company of white troops and a company of colored troops to engage in a mass fight. The new set-up will put a stop to such disorder he believes. One of the most unusual dis coveries I made in asking a few questions concerning this new set-up in the army was that very few southern white soldiers ac tually object to being quartered with Negro soldiers. I have ask ed several men about this and almost all of them said that they did not object in the slightest. The nearest I have heard a southerner come to complaining about the new system is when one says, “I’m not crazy about it but I certainly am not going to kick about it and I’m going to try to get along with everybody in the barracks, white or col ored.” Father Of Eight Slays Wife Fayetteville — A 36-year-old farmer, Atlas Gay of Bladen County, is being held in jail in Elizabethtown following the slaying of his pregnant wife, Mrs. Cora Lee Gay, mother of eight children. According to Cumberland County authorities, the slaying occured Sunday aft ernoon about 5:30 o’clock near the county line, when Gay, his wife and children had returned home from a ride. George Edward, 10-year-old Gay son, said that when they got home, his father jumped out of the car, ran into the house, re turned with his shotgun and: shot his wife as she sat in the ► front seat of the vehicle. f When officers reached the scene of the slaying, they found Mrs. Gay with the side of her (Please turn to Page Eight) RALEIGH Trustees of t he University are “stalling for time” in the cases of Negroes seeking admis sion to graduate and profession al schools of various units of the Greater University. This statement was made here this week by a member of the trustee board. This trustee, who fs a member of the Legislature, is described by intimates as “extremely close to the situa tion at Chapel Hill.” In a state ment at a news conference here Tuesday, Governor Scott denied that officials of the University were evading a decision on the question. No action was reported after a trustee meeting here Monday when the case of four Negro ap plicants for the University Med ical School was expected to re ceive action. The Times’ informant said ^‘considerable apprehension” exists among board members re garding the appeal of four Neg ro students at North Carolina College Law School. The Negro students were denied their pet ltion to enter the UNC Law School, last Summer by Federal Judge Johnson J. Hayes. The judge ruled that N. C. C.’s faci lities are in some respects “su perior” to those at UNC. The Law School appeal will be heard before a three-judge court in Richmond, Va., on March 17. Since the Law School appeal other Negro students have ap plied to the UNC Medical School University officials have ad mitted “processing” the applica tions of these Negro students. Only one of the four Negro students applying to the medi cal school has been positively identified. He is Albert Whita ker of Raleigh, a science teach er at Washington High School. The Times has learned, how ever, that Negro applicants from Raleigh, Henderson, and possibly Wake Forest, have sub mitted applications to Chapel Hill. It was learned in Chapel Hill last week that “several Ne groes”” had been interviewed by the Admissions Committee of the UNC Medical School. A Chapel Hill source close to the UNC Medical school recent ly “Three of the four Negro stu dents, have already been turned down.” This report has not been verified. / In Raleigh, newsmen who talked with UNC students who had expected to be “raked over the coals for their pro-Negro and anti-segregation attitudes”, said they were “convinced Ne groes could be admitted to the university without incidents.” The attitude of students in Chapel Hill has been, generally, favorable to the admission of Negroes to graduate and pro fessional schools. Whether Negroes figure into the considerations or not, the trustees recently proposed to hike tuition in the schools of medicine, dentistry, public health, pharmacy, and nursing. In the medical school, the tui tion raised for in-state student a was figured at $210.50; dentist ry, $216.55; public health, $200; pharmacy, $75; school of nurs ing, $233. Such increases would greatly advance the university’s standing among the nation’s (state-supported institutions. One of the trustees scoffed at the idea that the raises were “purely deterrents to keep Ne groes out.” “We recognize,” this trustee said, “that a few Negroes here and there could enter.” He added, however, that “The real reason for the increase in tui tion is the economy bloc in the Legislature who put material, considerations above the wel fare of the people of our State.” L. E. Austin of Durham, pub lisher of the Carolina Times and president of the State Interde nominational Ushers’ Union, promptly issued a statement when he learned of the propos ed in the university’s services.” As badly informed as some of our good white people are, I am sure they are raising fees more out of the ignorance of the state’s needs and the difference of the State’s welfare than they are out of the hope of keeping Negroes out of the university. In (Please turn to Page Eight) Asks 7 Million